Juan Manuel Burgos presents his own version of personalism, which is nevertheless well rooted in the personalist tradition. He has been developing his project for years and is among a group of world-renowned personalists who study the complexity and mystery of the human person. His new book deals with the relationship between personalism and metaphysics. He poses the question of whether personalism can be considered a first philosophy. The answer is positive: it is indeed a sectorial first philosophy, (...) which may or may not be supported by traditional metaphysical projects, especially Thomistic ones. Not every personalist has to agree with its final thesis, although its position is well-founded and deserves much scholarly attention. It provokes further questions and opens up new areas of personalist discussion. This book confirms that personalism is a dynamic and growing school of thought that goes beyond describing the mere phenomena of the person and seeks deeper reasons for his being. I highly recommend this book as a new step to help us better understand the reality of the human person. (shrink)

Philosophical personalism has generated a very powerful field of study in the twentieth and twenty first centuries but has not produced a systematic exposition. This book fills this big gap by offering for the first time a full systematic personalistic vision of the human person. This ambitious volume offers a pedagogical and integrated exposition of philosophical personalism, answering vital questions about human identity and existence in a way that the reader can achieve an integrated view of the person. The book (...) points to the real life of each person so that, by partially unraveling the mystery of the personal being, it becomes a philosophical guide for life. For these reasons, the book can be used both for academic purposes, as a manual of philosophy of man or for personal enlightenment. Divided in five parts, the first part of the book works as an introduction, offering an overview of the human person and of the notion of person. The second part describes the internal structure of the human being addressing topics as corporeity as a personal fact; sensibility and the senses; affectivity; intelligence; freedom understood as choice and self-determination and, finally, the personal self. The third part analyses the person in action and some special types of action such as work and language. The fourth part deals with interpersonal relationships beginning with I-You relationship and following with the family and the social structure. Finally, part five deals with the so-called ultimate questions, that is, those that decide the final meaning of each person's life, namely, time, death, immortality, and religion. (shrink)

El objetivo de este trabajo, encuadrado en la perspectiva filosófica del entrecruzamiento entre los estudios sobre discapacidad (Disability studies) y los estudios filosófico-sociales sobre la ciencia y la tecnología (CTS), es abordar la cuestión de la accesibilidad universal, relacionada con el diseño para todas las personas. Pretendo llevar a cabo una reflexión ético-política sobre esta temática, en el contexto de las posibilidades abiertas por el desarrollo científico-tecnológico emergente y sus repercusiones en relación a los colectivos de personas con diferentes tipos (...) de diversidad funcional. (shrink)

En la primera parte de este trabajo analizo los rasgos que definen el paradigma del cuerpo desarrollado por Marx. Señalo también algunas reflexiones contemporáneas sobre el cuerpo que pueden ser entendidas en relación con dicho paradigma. En una segunda parte, analizo su caracterización económica del cuerpo a partir de la idea de necesidad, argumentando que en Marx se da una concepción normativa del cuerpo y estableciendo una relación con el principio de necesidad. Finalmente, me centro en algunas aportaciones de teóricos (...) actuales de la justicia que han reflexionado sobre la aplicación del principio de necesidad en el ámbito de la asistencia y el cuidado del cuerpo. (shrink)

Origins -- French personalism -- Other personalist currents -- Personalist philosophy: a proposal.

The objective of this paper is to reflect on the proper way for Christians to do philosophy, in respect of which I have been inspired by a phrase attributed to Cardinal Newman: “We do not need Christian philosophy. We need Christians making good philosophy.” This sentence can appear controversial, but I believe it is not, if its content is made explicit in an appropriate way. To better develop what I understand Newman to be proposing here, I have added another category (...) to his statement, with the consequence that my own text falls into three sections: 1) on Christian philosophy; 2) on Christian philosophers; 3) on Christians who do philosophy. This is the scheme that we will use to position ourselves as regards the complex issue of the relationship between philosophy and Christianity. (shrink)

Uno de los problemas de justicia más importantes que existen en la actualidad es el que se refiere a los seres humanos con diversidad funcional. Desde hace algunas décadas el modelo social de la discapacidad ha insistido en que estos deben ser contemplados como sujetos activos de justicia y no como meros sujetos pasivos de beneficencia. La pretensión de este artículo es doble: por un lado, aplicando la teoría de la justicia como reconocimiento de A. Honneth, indagamos en qué consiste (...) dicho trato justo; por otro lado, siguiendo la ética cordial de Cortina, abordamos la cuestión del fundamento de los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad.One of the most important problems of justice existing today is centred on human beings with functional diversity. Through the last few decades the social model of disability has insisted on the fact that these individuals should be considered active subjects of justice and not only mere passive subjects of charity. The aim of this article is twofold: on the one hand, applying the theory of justice as recognition by Honneth, we investigate what such fair treatment consists of; on the other hand, following the cordial ethics by Cortina, we deal with the question of the basis of the Rights of People with Dissabilities. (shrink)

En este artículo hacemos un breve recorrido por algunas de las ideas fundamentales de la ética del diálogo (K.O. Apel, J. Habermas y A. Cortina) considerando que constituye un enfoque adecuado para afrontar las obligaciones de justicia con la totalidad de las personas con diversidad funcional. Nos basamos en que: a) la ética del diálogo mantiene el universalismo moral y político defendido por Kant, transformando su noción normativa de persona a partir de la idea de reconocimiento propuesta por Hegel, lo (...) que permite sostener la perspectiva igualitaria de los derechos de todos; b) En su evolución, recoge las críticas planteadas desde el feminismo y el neoaristotelismo (Benhabib, Young, Nussbaum, MacIntyre) y concibe al sujeto moral como un ser corporal, lo que implica una concepción de la autonomía moral y política abierta a la vulnerabilidad corporal.In this article we make a short exposure of some fundamental ideas of the ethics of dialogue (KO Apel, J. Habermas and A. Cortina) considering that it constitutes an adequate approach to face the obligations of justice with all the people with functional diversity. We base ourselves on the fact that a) the ethics of dialogue maintains the moral and political universalism defended by Kant, transforming his normative notion of person from the idea of recognition proposed by Hegel, which allows to maintain the egalitarian perspective of the rights of all; B) In its evolution, it takes the criticisms raised from feminism and neoaristotelism (Benhabib, Young, Nussbaum, MacIntyre) and conceives the moral subject as a corporeal being, this implies a conception of moral and political autonomy open to the body vulnerability. (shrink)

This essay attempts to define Wojtyła’s personalism and to present the possibilities for the continuation and development of his work through what the author of the essay calls integral personalism. To do so, we present first of all some of the main keys of the philosophy and anthropology of Karol Wojtyła as they have been developed in his main work, The Acting Person. Later we compare them with the different types of personalism to show that his philosophy does not exactly (...) fit any of them, particularly the Thomistic personalism of Jacques Maritain. Finally, a new stream of personalism is postulated, Integral personalism, which according to the author not only would be able to show with precision the main philosophical theses of Karol Wojtyła but could also develop them. (shrink)

Después de hacer un breve recorrido por la cultura española del último siglo, el autor analiza las razones por las que la cultura católica ha pasado en poco tiempo de ser la predominante a encontrarse en retroceso. Para Burgos, la razón principal es la no-elaboración durante el régimen de Franco de una cultura católica moderna que fuera capaz de superar los enormes retos del concilio, el posconcilio y la apertura al pensamiento contemporáneo que tuvo lugar durante la Transición. Ese (...) fracaso condujo a una manifiesta pérdida de influencia en los procesos de configuración social, tendencia que se está agudizando por la imposición de un laicismo excluyente desde instancias gubernativas. Para resolverlo, el autor propone cinco líneas de actuación en el interior de la cultura católica: 1) la plena asunción intelectual del Concilio Vaticano II, es decir, la asunción crítica de la modernidad; 2) la actuación en los mecanismos de socialización contemporánea; 3) la normalización cultural del catolicismo; 4) la promoción de las condiciones adecuadas para la creatividad, y 5) el conocimiento y difusión de lo propio. (shrink)

Julián Marías es uno de los pensadores humanistas más completos del siglo XX y uno de los intelectuales más grandes de la España contemporánea. La presente obra pretende fijar de un modo muy detallado su aportación personal y filosófica al pensamiento universal. El resultado ha sido un riguroso trabajo pluridisciplinar que, desde un planteamiento divulgativo, reúne por primera vez a los mejores conocedores de su vida y su obra.

The Purpose in Life Test is a measure of purpose in life widely used in many cultures and countries; however, cross-cultural assessments are scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the PIL in the general population of seven Latin American countries. A total of 4306 people participated, selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling, where Uruguay has the highest mean age ; while Ecuador has the lowest mean age. Furthermore, in each country, there is a higher proportion (...) of women than men. Using Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the factorial structure does not show evidence of invariance among the included countries. However, based on the Multi-Group Factor Analysis Alignment, there is evidence that a three-dimensional structure of the PIL is the same in the participating countries. Results based on item response theory indicate that most PIL items can significantly differentiate responses according to the level of life purpose. In addition, people with low life purpose will tend to choose the lower response alternatives on the PIL; while people with higher life purpose will choose higher response alternatives. The findings indicate that the PIL has the potential to increase knowledge about how people conceive and experience their purpose in life in different countries. (shrink)

To assess—from a qualitative perspective—the perceptions and attitudes of Spanish rehabilitation professionals (e.g. rehabilitation doctors, speech therapists, physical therapists) about Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) technology. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study was carried out by means of interviews and analysis of textual content with mixed generation of categories and segmentation into frequency of topics. We present the results of three in-depth interviews that were conducted with Spanish speaking individuals who had previously completed a survey as part of a larger, 3-country/language, survey (...) on BCI perceptions. 11 out of 15 of these Spanish respondents (survey) either strongly or somewhat accept the use of BCI in rehabilitation therapy. However, the results of our three in-depth interviews show how, due to a strong inertia of attitudes and perceptions about BCI technology, most professionals feel reluctant to use BCI technology in their daily practice (interview). (shrink)

En reseña de: Marciani Burgos, Betzabé. Tolerancia y derechos. El lugar de la tolerancia en el Estado constitucional. Atelier, Barcelona, 2016.

El trabajo desarrollado en este artículo muestra una experiencia docente basada en la Metodología Activa del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos en la asignatura de Instalaciones II de la titulación del Grado en Arquitectura Técnica de la Universidad de Burgos. Para alcanzar la excelencia del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje, se ha diseñado una metodología de trabajo basada en el desarrollo progresivo de un Proyecto de Ejecución mediante subproyectos, con el objetivo de conseguir mejores resultados en el proceso de aprendizaje (...) mediante el desempeño personal, la retroalimentación de procesos y el trabajo cooperativo, todo ello orientado a la excelencia académica y profesional de los estudiantes. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el ABP es una excelente metodología para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la asignatura de Instalaciones II y para el futuro desempeño profesional de los estudiantes. (shrink)

Uno de los componentes más importantes del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los estudios de Arquitectura Técnica es la realización de un proyecto final que aglutina todos los conocimientos y competencias desarrollados en las diferentes disciplinas que configuran el Plan de Estudios. El objetivo de esta propuesta es visualizar la evolución del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en el Proyecto Fin de Grado en los estudios de Arquitectura Técnica e Ingeniería de Edificación de la Universidad de Burgos, mostrando las diferentes (...) adaptaciones de los contenidos y la tipología elegida para su desarrollo. (shrink)

In this paper I argue for a novel interpretation of Shepherd’s notion of selfhood. In distinction to Deborah Boyle’s interpretation, I contend that Shepherd differentiates between the mind and the self. The latter, for Shepherd, is an effect arising from causal interactions between mind and body – specifically those interactions that give rise to our present stream of consciousness, our memories, and that can unite these two. Thus, the body plays a constitutive role in the formation of the self. The (...) upshot of this interpretation is that it can dissolve the problem of individuating mind that Boyle identifies. Briefly, the problem consists in Shepherd seemingly individuating minds in terms of their associated bodies and bodies in terms of the minds they are united with. My interpretation, however, allows to see that Shepherd neither wants nor needs to individuate the mind in isolation of the body and to read the passages, in which the problem seems to arise, as being about what makes living beings individual – with mind and body both playing a crucial role in this context. (shrink)

Conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) presents many opportunities in the psychotherapeutic landscape—such as therapeutic support for people with mental health problems and without access to care. The adoption of CAI poses many risks that need in-depth ethical scrutiny. The objective of this paper is to complement current research on the ethics of AI for mental health by proposing a holistic, ethical, and epistemic analysis of CAI adoption. First, we focus on the question of whether CAI is rather a tool or an (...) agent. This question serves as a framework for the subsequent ethical analysis of CAI focusing on topics of (self-) knowledge, (self-)understanding, and relationships. Second, we propose further conceptual and ethical analysis regarding human-AI interaction and argue that CAI cannot be considered as an equal partner in a conversation as is the case with a human therapist. Instead, CAI’s role in a conversation should be restricted to specific functions. (shrink)

Business and Society Review, Volume 127, Issue S1, Page 343-367, Spring 2022.

This paper examines Margaret Cavendish’s ecological views and argues that, in the Appendix to her final published work, Grounds of Natural Philosophy (1668), Cavendish is defending a normative account of the way that humans ought to interact with their environment. On this basis, we argue that Cavendish is committed to a form of what, for the purposes of this paper, we will call ‘deep ecology,’ where that is understood as the view that humans ought to treat the rest of nature (...) as something of intrinsic value. (shrink)

When someone masters a skill, their performance looks to us like second nature: it looks as if their actions are smoothly performed without explicit, knowledge-driven, online monitoring of their performance. Contemporary computational models in motor control theory, however, are instructionist: that is, they cast skillful performance as a knowledge-driven process. Optimal motor control theory, as representative par excellence of such approaches, casts skillful performance as an instruction, instantiated in the brain, that needs to be executed—a motor command. This paper aims (...) to show the limitations of such instructionist approaches to skillful performance. We specifically address the question of whether the assumption of control-theoretic models is warranted. The first section of this paper examines the instructionist assumption, according to which skillful performance consists of the execution of theoretical instructions harnessed in motor representations. The second and third sections characterize the implementation of motor representations as motor commands, with a special focus on formulations from OMCT. The final sections of this paper examine predictive coding and active inference—behavioral modeling frameworks that descend, but are distinct, from OMCT—and argue that the instructionist, control-theoretic assumptions are ill-motivated in light of new developments in active inference. (shrink)

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion.