The promise and the threat (al-wa’d wa al-wa‘īd) issue, which has been debated among theological sects, is primarily related to the problem of grave sin. This critical issue discussed in the framework of the problem of grave sin and in the context of the faith-action relationship has been shaped based on the definitions of faith of the emerging sects. Through examining the Qur’ān verses about al-wa’d and al-wa‘īd, answers to such questions whether the Qur’ān verses about to indicate generality (‘umūm) (...) or specification (khusūs) and whether divine promise and threat can change have been sought. In the beginning, the disputations occurring between Murji’ah and Mu‘tazilah, afterward, have become one of the essential matters of debate among Māturīdīs and the Mu‘tazilī scholars. Even though Imām Māturīdī expresses common criticisms against Khawārij and Mu‘tazilah, he mainly condemns the Mu‘tazilī doctrine. Mu‘tazilah treats the principle in question based on the idea that, by force of divine justice, it is necessary for God to reward the faithful and punish the disobedient. According to them, because a grave sin that is not repented requires to stay permanently in the hell, intercession (shafā‘ah) is not possible for such a person. However, Māturīdī argues that a claim of this kind cannot be valid from the point of justice by emphasizing that faith, which is a state of constant assent, prevents the punishment. In this essay, Māturīdī’s criticisms have been discussed with regard to directly related issues such as justice, grave sin, and intercession. (shrink)

Study on the philosophy of Cārvāka, classical Indian materialist.

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich; 1770-1831; criticism and interpretation; history; philosophy.

Islamic ethics in the light of Koranic teachings.

Verse work Dvaita philosophy criticising the religious and metaphysical tenets of Jainism and Buddhism.

This guest column amounts to a conversation between two of the crucial figures in the world of Soviet bloc dissidents about developments in their part of the world since the overthrow of communism there in 1989. They agree that a “creeping coup d'état” is underway, in which not only the government administrations of their countries have changed, but also their systems of governance—for the worse. “It is not,” they agree, “what the democratic opposition spent twenty-five years fighting for.” Their apprehension (...) is that, under new forms, the old authoritarian impulses are returning to East-Central Europe as well as Russia. (shrink)

Two Sanskrit texts focus new light on Prabhakara and Kumarila thoughts on Purva Mimamsa philosophy.

Translation and interpretation of selected Hadith on Islamic ethics and coduct.

Commentary and summarization of the selected works of Yaḥyá ibn Ḥabash Suhrawardī, 1152 or 1153-1191.

Contribution of Rāhula Sāṅkr̥tyāyana, 1893-1963, Hindi to Buddhist philosophy and literature; includes description of his travel to various places.

Study on social consciousness in the works of Malayāḷasvāmi, 1865-1962, philosopher of Vedanta.

Advices for young Muslims girls for their conduct of life.

Biography and academic life of Riz̤ā Dāvarī, a prominent Iranian philosopher.

Papers on Hindu philosophy and Sanskrit grammar.

Values and ethics in Yogavāsiṣṭha; a study with complete text with Hindi translation.