La formación adecuada de profesionistas presenta un reto educativo a nivel mundial, este reto es de carácter multifactorial, que se ha abordado desde diferentes disciplinas. La pandemia sanitaria obligó al cierre de universidades mostrando claramente múltiples deficiencias en la implementación de sistemas tecnológicos híbridos que hicieran continua la formación universitaria. En este contexto, se desarrolla una propuesta integral que abarque las necesidades para solventar una educación híbrida. Para formular el modelo se realizó una revisión de la literatura para identificar los (...) factores críticos de éxito en la educación hibrida con recursos tecnológicos. Se caracterizó cómo funciona una institución de educación superior de forma general y se identificaron las plataformas digitales educativas y se obtuvo una primera aproximación del modelo para hacer pruebas de implementación. (shrink)

The purpose of this paper is to present a formalization of the language, semantics and axiomatization of justification logic in Coq. We present proofs in a natural deduction style derived from the axiomatic approach of justification logic. Additionally, we present possible world semantics in Coq based on Fitting models to formalize the semantic satisfaction of formulas. As an important result, with this implementation, it is possible to give a proof of soundness for $\mathsf{L}\mathsf{P}$ with respect to Fitting models.

This paper presents two formation tracking control strategies for a combined set of single and double integrator agents with an arbitrary undirected communication topology. The first approach is based on the design of distance-based potential functions with interagent collision avoidance using local information about the distance and orientation between agents and the desired trajectory. The second approach adds signed area constraints to the desired formation specification and a control strategy that uses distance as well as area terms is designed to (...) achieve tracking convergence. Numerical simulations show the performance from both control laws. (shrink)

Esta investigación analiza cómo se han visto afectados los vendedores informales/ambulantes y sus familias frente a la pandemia, teniendo en cuenta que la economía informal se ha visto afectado debido a las medidas dispuestas por el gobierno, las cuales estuvieron ligadas a limitar el uso del espacio público por parte de las personas, se busca analizar los siguientes aspectos: ¿cómo ha cambiado la forma en la que venden y promocionan sus productos durante la pandemia?, ¿cómo han manejado su economía?, ¿qué (...) beneficios han recibido por parte del gobierno y que opinión tienen frente a la reactivación económica que propuso el gobierno?. (shrink)

Background:The acquisition of experience is a major concern for nurses in intensive care units. Although the emotional component of the clinical practice of these nurses has been widely studied, greater examination is required to determine how this component influences their learning and practical experience.Objective:To discover the relationships between emotion, memory and learning and the impacts on nursing clinical practice.Research design:This is a qualitative phenomenological study. The data were collected from open, in-depth interviews. A total of 22 intensive care unit nurses (...) participated in this research between January 2012 and December 2014.Ethical considerations:The School of Nursing Ethics Committee approved the study, which complied with ethical principles and required informed consent.Findings:We found a clear relationship between emotion, memory and the acquisition of experience. This relationship grouped three dimensions: (1) satisfaction, to relieve the patient’s pain or discomfort, give confidence and a sense of security to the patient, enable the presence of family members into the intensive care unit and provide family members with a realistic view of the patient’s situation; (2) error experience, which nurses feel when a patient dies, when they fail to accompany a patient in his or her decision to abandon the struggle to live or when they fail to lend support to the patient’s family; and (3) the feel bad–feel good paradox, which occurs when a mistake in the patient’s care or handling of his or her family is repaired.Conclusion:Emotion is a capacity that impacts on nurses’ experience and influences improvements in clinical practice. Recalling stories of satisfaction helps to reinforce good practice, while recalling stories of errors helps to identify difficulties in the profession and recognise new forms of action. The articulation of emotional competencies may support the development of nursing ethics in the intensive care unit to protect and defend their patients and improve their relationships with families in order to maximise the potential for patient care. (shrink)

El presente ensayo se organiza al modo de un guion cinematográfico donde el protagonista conceptual es el fantasma. Se realiza una exposición de su abordaje filosófico en los trabajos de Slavoj Žižek enfatizando su relación con el goce y la ideología. El punto de partida es la famosa intuición del filósofo esloveno según la cual existe una analogía entre la concepción de la autonomía en el idealismo alemán y la concepción freudiana de la pulsión de muerte. A partir de este (...) argumento, análogo a una intriga de film noir, se pasa revista a la relación entre psicoanálisis y filosofía, así como a los análisis culturales propuestos por Žižek. (shrink)

In this work we will analyze the main features of Sartre’s ontological-phenomenological theory in Being and Nothingness, linking them with some key historical precedents. By clarifying the connections of this theory with the former philosophical tradition on the subject of Being, its role in existence, reality’s nature and its relation to the phenomenon, the actual contribution of Sartre in this matter is demonstrated.

Por un lado, el libro aborda la problemática educativa que enfrentan estudiantes mexicanos indocumentados en las universidades de los Estados Unidos. Por el otro lado, se aborda la atención específica (escolar, académica y administrativa) que la Universidad de Guadalajara (México), ofrece a los estudiantes migrantes retornados de los Estados Unidos.

Do we empathize with the others because first we have recognized them as somehow equals, or do we recognize them as equals because first we have empathized with them? This article explores the relation between affective empathy, the moral recognition of the others, and personal identity. I defend that, to recognize others as valuable and act in line with this, one must be able to feel affective empathy for their situation, and, to do so, one has to 1) be curious (...) about them to surpass indifference, and 2) feel that your identity is not threatened by recognizing the others. Otherwise, rationalizations and justifications of antisocial behaviors would arise. Thus, I focus on how the construction of the self plays a key role in prosocial behaviors and the activation of affective empathy, which has been overlooked by moral philosophy in the debate on empathy. In order to do so, firstly, I explore cases where moral recognition is broken, secondly, I explore the dichotomic debate on the role of empathy for moral recognition and moral agency, and, thirdly, I try to enrich the debate by shifting the focus to the prerequisites to feel empathy, such as curiosity, a well-integrated self and healthy narcissism, addressing so how the construction of the self plays a key role in the possibility of empathizing with others and, therefore, in epistemic virtues and moral agency. As a result, I advocate the importance of psychological education for moral agency. (shrink)

Formelle Bildung es el concepto de Hegel para determinar la función histórica del arte en el mundo moderno. Esta función contrasta con la inhaltliche o la substantielle Bildung que proporcionó el arte en el mundo oriental y el mundo clásico griego, y en general, con la función decisiva que desempeña el arte en el ethos de culturas donde el arte es inseparable de la religión, donde según Hegel, el arte opera según su determinación suprema. Pero si bien el arte en (...) la cultura moderna ya no puede ser Kunstreligion, religión de arte, ello no significa que haya perdido su función como factor de cultura, sino que sigue siendo imprescindible en ella, aunque ya no para que la comunidad se identifique con los contenidos que el arte le representa, sino para que los individuos se confronten con ellos de un modo crítico-reflexivo. En el mundo moderno el arte ya no es arte de una comunidad, sino de y para una sociedad, de modo que el Estado y la institucionalidad están de por medio. El arte ya es autónomo y no determina doctrinaria o ideológicamente el ethos, pero por la forma de proporcionarle sus intuiciones y sus representaciones a la reflexión, fomenta el ejercicio libre del juicio de los individuos. Según Hegel, el carácter "formal" de la cultura que proporciona el arte en el mundo moderno hace que el arte se convierta en asunto fundamental de política cultural, donde arte y público pasan al primer plano. (shrink)

The numerous biographies on Ignatius of Loyola’s that emerged in recent years have rarely addressed the post mortem treatment received by the body of the Holy Jesuit. Even more, those that actually talked about this chapter of the Saint’s life did not take into account the descriptive and interpretive richness that provides the History of Medicine. Therefore, this paper aims to reconstruct the postmortem treatment received by the body of Ignatius of Loyola’s. In addition, we aim to suggest some ideas (...) about the health professionals who performed the autopsy and subsequent embalming of the corpse, the “signs of holiness” found in the body and the places where it was preserved. (shrink)

Kalinowski conceives metaphysics as a set of propositions which can be axiomatized. This paper exposes the typical rules of an axiomatic system comparing them with the metaphysical system developed by Kalinowski. These rules are linguistic rules, but also admission-rules and transformation-rules. They always refer to the metaphysical propositions (wich are first or second propositions, as it is usual in logical systems). This paper tries to evaluate Kalinowski's attempt.

RESUMEN Con frecuencia el amor y la racionalidad se ven como capacidades que fácilmente entran en conflicto, cuando no se consideran por principio opuestas. En este artículo desarrollo algunos puntos esbozados por Harry Frankfurt con el fin de proponer que la relación entre amor y racionalidad no es de simple oposición. Tras ofrecer una caracterización del amor como disposición híbrida de seguimiento múltiple, defenderé que el amor es racional en el siguiente sentido: el amor no es justificable, pero a pesar (...) de ello es una fuente de razones básicas y a veces irresistibles que en buena medida informan el campo de nuestra racionalidad. Esto no significa que el amor sea una base irracional o arracional, o que sea completamente blindado a la razón, sino que en circunstancias específicas tiene sentido someter el amor a escrutinio racional. ABSTRACT Love and rationality are often considered as capacities which easily come into conflict, or are even opposed to one another. In the paper I elaborate some points suggested by Harry Frankfurt in order to propose that the relation between love and rationality is not one of opposition. After offering a characterization of love as a hybrid multi-track disposition, I will argue that love is rational in the following sense: although love is not justifiable, it is nevertheless a source of basic and sometimes irresistible reasons which to a large extent shape the field of our rationality. This does not mean that love is an irrational or arrational foundation, or that it is impervious to reason; it only means that in certain circumstances it makes sense to subject love to rational scrutiny. (shrink)

Taking the work of Gianni Vattimo and Santiago Zabala, Hermeneutic Communism, as a point of departure, this essay explores the concept of pensiero debole (weak thought) and its application to progressive contemporary Latin American governments, which the authors describe as “communist in spirit.” The essay embraces pensiero debole as a method to disagree with Vattimo and Zabala’s assessment and to contrast the policies of state capitalism carried out by those governments to the praxis of anti-systemic social movements engaged in a (...) reformulation of territorial autonomy consonant with what John Holloway calls Change the World Without Taking Power. (shrink)

Taking the work of Gianni Vattimo and Santiago Zabala, Hermeneutic Communism, as a point of departure, this essay explores the concept of pensiero debole and its application to progressive contemporary Latin American governments, which the authors describe as “communist in spirit.” The essay embraces pensiero debole as a method to disagree with Vattimo and Zabala’s assessment and to contrast the policies of state capitalism carried out by those governments to the praxis of anti-systemic social movements engaged in a reformulation of (...) territorial autonomy consonant with what John Holloway calls Change the World Without Taking Power. (shrink)

Probablemente nunca la teología sacramental ha tenido un florecimiento tan grande como en este último siglo pero, paradójicamente, esto ha ido unido a un extrañamiento cada vez mayor del hombre respecto a los sacramentos, derivado de cuestionamientos de diversa índole. Este artículo, presentado en las XXX Conversaciones de Salamanca, pretende pasar de los cuestionamientos a las cuestiones actuales de fondo que están en juego en la teología sacramental, para poder ofrecer una propuesta de ense- ñanza renovada de los sacr.