Programa en Comunicación, Arquitectura, Ciudad y Territorio (ACTCom), del Laboratorio Transdisciplinario de Etnografía Experimental (Labtee), Facultad de Información y Comunicación (FIC), Universidad de la República (Udelar).

Programa en Comunicación, Arquitectura, Ciudad y Territorio (ACTCom), del Laboratorio Transdisciplinario de Etnografía Experimental (Labtee), Facultad de Información y Comunicación (FIC), Universidad de la República (Udelar).

Durante la última década se ha producido un importante desarrollo de prácticas que formulan propuestas alternativas a los modos de producción, consumo e intercambio dominantes. Este artículo analiza el tejido de prácticas económicas alternativas en la ciudad de Valladolid, una ciudad media alejada de los contextos urbanos sobre los que se ha construido el cuerpo teórico que indaga en el potencial transformador de redes de consumo, mercados de trueque, bancos de tiempo, monedas sociales o huertos comunitarios. El trabajo, consciente (...) del valor del contexto y de la escala, propone para ciudades como la estudiada una relectura que sitúa dicho potencial no en el ámbito económico, sino en el de la práctica y la experiencia social y en el de la cultura política.The last decade has witnessed an important development of practices that involve alternative proposals to the dominant production, consumption and exchange patterns. In the present article, we present an analysis of the interwoven patterns of alternative economic practices in Valladolid, a mid-sized city in Spain. This urban profile differs from the cities that have typically been used to design the body of research on the transformation power that consumer networks, bartering, time banking, social coin and community orchards have. Taking into account the value of both the context and the scale under investigation, this study proposes a reanalysis for these types of cities: under this view, the potential is not placed in the economic sphere but rather in the social practice and experience as well as in the political culture. (shrink)

For Levinas dialogue occurs when one is open to and receptive of the Other. He cautions, however, that although dialogue impedes violence, it should not be pursued unilaterally or vigorously, because this can also lead to violence. The abolition of violence, which is the goal at which dialogue aims, can instead turn violent in the face of unrestrained persuasive discourse. Vigilance and caution must be maintained if dialogue is not to lapse into hostility and aggression. It is important to respect (...) differences and acknowledge insoluble problems in order to avoid animosity. Without recognition and respect, dialogue can become adversarial and antagonistic. (shrink)

En este trabajo hablamos de la posibilidad de una psicología fenomenológica,no como oportunidad de refundición del proyecto husserliano, sino comoplan de revisión de los fundamentos de una psicología de confección naturalista a partir de un tratamiento estrictamente fenomenológico. Esta revisión crítica, operada por Husserl, dialogará muy de cerca con las tesis que W. Dilthey desenvuelve en 1894, bajo el signo de una psicología descriptiva. Es nuestra intención mostrar, una vez ponderadas las insuficiencias evidenciadas por la perspectiva diltheyniana, la utilidad incuestionable (...) de la psicología fenomenológica como plataforma y vía de acceso indirecto para una auténtica filosofía fenomenológica.In this paper, we address the possibility of a phenomenological psychology,not having in mind a re-establishment of the husserlian project, but as plan torevise, from a strictly phenomenological approach, the basis of a naturalistic psychology. Such a critical revise, operated by Husserl, will dialogue closely with the thesis developed by W. Dilthey in 1894, under the title of a descriptive psychology. It´s our purpose to explain, given the insufficiency shown by Dilthey’s own perspective, the unquestionable utility of this phenomenological psychology as groundwork and indirect access way to a genuine phenomenological philosophy. (shrink)

The debate on the ethics of privacy has been mainly dominated by Western perspectives, to the exclusion of broader ethical theories and socio-cultural perspectives. This imbalance carries risks; transplanted ethical norms and values can collide with those of the communities in which they are deployed. The consequent homogenization might also represent a missed opportunity to enrich and develop the current paradigm of privacy protection so as to effectively face new technological challenges. This article introduces and discusses the sub-Saharan philosophy of (...) Ubuntu and argues how its conception of the self helps to reinterpret some of the emerging issues revolving digital information technologies. To begin with, a general overview of the debate on the ethics of privacy is provided by distinguishing between individual and relational privacy. Also, the challenges of 'group privacy' are discussed. Then, we introduce basic principles of Ubuntu focusing on how these may have affected privacy conceptions and related legal practices. By outlining opportunities and risks of intercultural information ethics, we argue how Ubuntu—similarly to other communitarian moral philosophies—strengthens the development of the concept of relational privacy and, in particular, of group privacy. (shrink)

Considering the problem of a supposed hidden psychology as the question which, in practice, shows the true face of Husserlian phenomenology is to put, from the very beginning, the relation between psychology and phenomenology in a misguided way. In fact, what is to be considered is the decisive influence psychology has in the route systematically followed by the discipline created by E. Husserl, and whether or not such influence can meet its latter transcendental dimension.

In this paper, we want to address the Merieau Ponty’s thesis which states that occidentai philosophical tradition mistreats sensibiiity. It’s not as we had some kind of substantial doubt regarding this statement which is, in fact, historically and philosophically accurate. However, what is not clear enough is the reason for disregarding the notable effort developed by Kant to restore its value and importance. Thus, we will first attend Kant’s sensibility doctrine which underlies both knowledge and taste, and concentrate subsequently on (...) the reasons for the diagnosis of its insufficiency, according to the principles established by Merleau-Ponty’s theoretical perspective. A final question regarding the distinction between a “Sensitive Reason” and a so called “Aesthetic Reason” will guide the reader trough the central assumptions that lie behind this critical assessment expounded by Merleau-Ponty’s new ontology. (shrink)

In this paper, we will consider the following issue: the innovative dimension of E. Husserl’s phenomenology repeatedly finds in the philosophies of Descartes and Kant a clear obstacle for its full comprehension. After all, is it not the case that the former discipline is just an extension of the perspectives stated by those earlier philosophers? But, to state the idea of a hidden phenomenology in the philosophies of Descartes and Kant has not, as its unavoidable counterpart, the dependence and the (...) full commitment of Husserl ‘s phenomenology with positive doctrines as the one sponsored by Descartes and Kant? And, if so, how can we rescue the idea of phenomenology as prima philosophia? (shrink)

One of the most significant marks of this article is the attempt to establish the idea that a new phenomenological approach is needed for the study consciousness and all it’s features. The point is that the old demand for a scientific approach to consciousness shouldn’t be, as it has been, incompatible with de need to preserve the essential nature of consciousness. Unfortunately, that’s precisely the case in the majority of the proposals related with the study of consciousness. The debate with (...) Fodor is thus quite important, since it brings to light precisely what one must avoid in order to save every single difficulty related with consciousness, and consciousness itself. A new methodology is therefore needed, one that is capable to observe the demands just acknowledged, but one that is capable to point new directions as well. Husserl, as we have seen, has much to say on the subject, but there is yet much to be done. (shrink)

O presente trabalho trata da questão da imortalidade da alma, um tema com o qual o ser humano se ocupa há milênios, tanto no âmbito da religião como no da filosofia. Inicialmente, define-se o que se entende por imortali-dade e, num segundo momento, aborda-se essa questão em dois expoentes da filosofia antiga, Platão e Plotino.

Underestimated for a long time, serendipity is an increasingly recognized design principle of the infosphere. Being influenced by environmental and human factors, the experience of serendipity encompasses fundamental phases of production, distribution and consumption of information. On the one hand, design information architectures for serendipity increases the diversity of information encountered as well as users’ control over information processes. On the other hand, serendipity is a capability. It helps individuals to internalize and adopt strategies that increase the chances of experiencing (...) it. As such, the pursuit for serendipity can help to burst filter bubbles and weaken echo chambers in social media. The article reviews the literature on emerging issues surrounding serendipity in human–computer interactions. By doing so, it firstly presents the study of serendipity and the debate about its role in digital environments. Then, it introduces the main features of a preliminary architecture for serendipity. Finally, it analyzes from an interdisciplinary perspective the values that embraces and sustains. The conclusion is that serendipity can be conceived as an emerging design and ethical principle able to strengthen media pluralism and other emerging human rights in the context of online personalization. Main limitations and potential unintended consequences are also discussed. (shrink)

First, the singularity of the person not only as an individual subject but also as endowed with an unspecialized body is detached. After the relationship between both is explained. Secondly, the paper inquires into the sense of the end and into their applications to the person; the main one is end in itself, the amounts to the value or dignity that underline the other values, even that of one's life.

Ancient biographies were more than accounts of the deeds of past heroes and guides for moral living. They were also arenas for debating pressing philosophical questions and establishing intellectual credentials, as Arthur P. Urbano argues in this study of biographies composed in Late Antiquity.

Issues surrounding transsexualism, especially when surgical operations have been performed to achieve the desired sex, can create serious problems for canon law. After an examination of how sex is determined, the author provides a clear explanation of transsexualism and then differentiates it from hermaphroditism, homosexuality, and transvestitism. Transsexualism’s effect on the liciety of marriage is analyzed, followed by an exploration of considerations regarding transsexualism and Holy Orders. Finally, transsexualism and the vowed religious life are examined. The author encourages those faced (...) with such situations to pursue solutions that preserve, as well as possible, the good of the patient and their community, as well as the Church. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 14.1 : 105–118. (shrink)

La comparación entre el concepto de estado de naturaleza, tal y como aparece en las teorías contractualistas de los siglos XVII y XVIII, y la posición original de la teoría de la justicia de John Rawls, sirve para poner de manifiesto los supuestos, dificultades y limitaciones de esta última. A pesar de sus pretensiones, la posición original no justifica la búsqueda y existencia de una sociedad bien ordenada, y está lejos de alcanzar la brillantez y coherencia con la que sus (...) antecesores (Hobbes, Locke o Rousseau) argumentaron a favor de sociedades donde reinara la seguridad, la libertad o la igualdad. Además, Rawls, al reducir la justicia a un bienestar material que ha de llegar, desconoce el importante papel que la memoria histórica desempeña a la hora de reclamar la resolución de las injusticias del pasado. (shrink)

La coexistencia describe ante todo lo peculiar del acto de ser humano. Es preciso tenerla en cuenta para entender la dualidad de los trascendentales antropológicos. El artículo examina el modo de acceder a Dios desde las dualidades humanas siguiendo el pensamiento de L. Polo. Pero, además, se muestra cómo la esencia intratrinitaria de Dios no se sustrae completamente a esta aproximación filosófica: tal es su avance sobre las vías cosmológico-metafísicas.

The article examines the notion of open system as suitable for giving an account of dynamism of living being. However difficulties come by trying to incorporate the finality to the system, since it´s fixed as a state from outside or is established in the improper terms of autoproductivity and neguentropye. That leads to explain the final cause in interaction with the other intrinsecal causes, in as much they remain incomplete without her. Whith the passage to human living the linear scheme (...) means-end should be replaced by the expressions which reveal an end in itself. (shrink)

El objetivo perseguido al aceptar coordinar este monográfico fue proporcionar un estado de la cuestión sobre las diferentes materias a las que habían podido contribuir los escritores que habitualmente se asocian a la Escuela de Salamanca en el período comprendido entre la llegada del dominico Francisco de Vitoria a Salamanca y el fallecimiento del jesuita Francisco Suárez. La misma existencia de la Escuela nos parecía que merecía una consideración por parte de los investigadores que colaboraran en el número que tan (...) generosamente el director de la revista _Araucaria_ nos había ofrecido publicar. Nos hubiera gustado incluir algún tema más, especialmente por lo que respecta a la ciencia, en su parte de teoría física y en la emparentada con la historia natural, que creemos que en buena parte está por hacer para el período de referencia. (shrink)

Marx carried out a treatment of the original state of humanity which follows the illustrated and utopian tradition, but including a change in the contents assigned to it; the idea of the man as a isolated being, the small attention to material production and the poor view economy had about the..

Ethical issues arising from public administration are quite complex and difficult. Using a monistic normative ethical approach to these issues may not be very helpful. Thus James Svara’s three-pronged approach to public administration ethics is proposed in order to show its plausibility. The case of Dr Stockman in Henrik Ibsen’s play An Enemy of the People is examined as a way of demonstrating the significance of Svara’s model.

Alonso de Cartagena’s thought is representative of a group of elite lawyers who put their university education at the service of centralized political power, which is going to be provided with great part of the features that had been identified with the Church along the Middle Media. This concept would be developed in most part of Europe, but in Castilla is going to adopt peculiar features. Indeed, the Castilian scholars will endeavor to show that their kingdom is independent of the (...) Empire by virtue of its Goth origins, and will assign a unitary character, with the intention of representing not only Castilla but the whole of Spain. What the Bishop of Burgos wrote during his stay in the Council of Basle perfectly represents this trend. (shrink)