Siguiendo la trama de la Crisis de la humanidad europea y la fúosofía de E. Husserl, la A. examina primero en su origen y sentido esencial los cooceptos de cultura europa y de"Europa" -que le han valido a Husserl laacusación de "eurocentrismo"- para luego discutir el tema de la crisis europea, entendida como crisis de las ciencias y de la humanidad europea. La noción de cultura europea se esclarece exhaustivamente al destacar la nueva actitud del individuo frente al mundo y (...) la obligación con la idea de verdad que subyace a todo su desarrollo desde su origen griego;además, la ciencia europea revoluciona la cultura y la historicidad humanas coo la idea de infinitud. La crisis mencionada, por su lado,es adjudicable al racionalismo moderno de la ilustración y sus consecuencias objetivistas y naturalistas. El sujeto es ahuyentado del mundo de las relaciooes objetivas y el espíritu humano se vuelve objeto de la psicología naturalista.El cooocimiento del hombre como sujeto y la reversión de la fundamental conversión del sentido del mundo de la vida en las ciencias naturales, a través de su reconstrucción genética,serán las vías examinadas para una salida satisfactoria de la crisis. (shrink)

El presente trabajo se propone sobre todoinvestigar la pretensión de autofundamentaciónúltima de la femenología manifiesta en autodenominacionesequívocas como las de "cienciaestricta", "ciencia de orígenes y fuentes"últimas e incondicionales, "filosofía primera" o"ciencia de fundamentación absoluta". Elsentido de la ciencia estricta se aclara en dosdirecciones: por un lado fundamentación absolutano significa validez absoluta de lo fundadopor ella sino más bien retomo a un fundamentoinfranqueable, a una "base última"; y, por otrolado, la donación absolUla de la objetividad delconocimiento no significa conocimientoinconmovible pues los (...) análisis fenomenológicosson inacabados. Precisamente su carácter históricamentecondicionado empuja a lafenomenología a querer ser filosofía primera,es decir filosofía de fundamentos absolutos apartir de una autofundamentación absoluta ( einePhilosophie absoluter Begründung ausabsolUler Selbsthegründung), idea que estarávinculada con la autorresponsabilidad del filósofo,comprometido con la idea de la verdad. (shrink)

This is a welcome reprint of a book that continues to grow in importance.

This collection of 12 essays at the 100th anniversary of Roman Ingarden is to show the actuality of the outstanding Polish representative of twentieth century philosophy. The authors take up Ingarden's main philosophical topics and, accordingly, deal with phenomenological and ontological problems on the various modes of givenness and existence in the wide range of real and intentional being, true and fictional existence, and they devote particular interest to Ingarden's conception of reality as well as to his aesthetics and theory (...) of arts. (shrink)

This collection of 12 essays at the 100th anniversary of Roman Ingarden is to show the actuality of the outstanding Polish representative of twentieth century philosophy. The authors take up Ingarden's main philosophical topics and, accordingly, deal with phenomenological and ontological problems on the various modes of givenness and existence in the wide range of real and intentional being, true and fictional existence, and they devote particular interest to Ingarden's conception of reality as well as to his aesthetics and theory (...) of arts. (shrink)

The author presents and defends three theses: (1) "the first is that it is not profitable for us at present to do moral philosophy; that should be laid aside at any rate until we have an adequate philosophy of psychology." (2) "the second is that the concepts of obligation, And duty... And of what is morally right and wrong, And of the moral sense of 'ought', Ought to be jettisoned if this is psychologically possible...." (3) "the third thesis is that (...) the differences between the well-Known english writers on moral philosophy from sidgwick to the present day are of little importance." (staff). (shrink)

The relations between reason, motivation and value present problems which, though ancient, remain intractable. If values are objective and rational how can they move us and if they are dependent on our contingent desires how can they be rational? E. J. Bond makes a bold attack on this dilemma. The widespread view among philosophers today is that judgements contain an irreducible element of personal commitment. To this Professor Bond proposes an account of values as objective and value judgements as true (...) or false, employing a distinction between grounding and motivating reasons to establish their connection with action. He defines and tests his position against a number of recent theories, providing in the process forceful criticism of Williams, Wiggins, Foot, Narveson and Nagel, among others. A distinctive contribution to the subject, it will stimulate interest and worthwhile debate among philosophers, while also serving as an introduction to this vital topic. (shrink)

The central contribution of Ströker’s investigations is a careful and strict analysis of the relationship between experienced space, Euclidean space, and non-Euclidean spaces. Her study begins with the question of experienced space, inclusive of mood space, space of action and perception, of practical activities and bodily orientations, and ends with the controversies of the proponents of geometric and mathematical understanding of space. Within the context of experienced space, Ströker includes historical discussions of place, topology, depth, perspectivity, homogeneity, orientation, and the (...) questions of empty and full spaces. Her investigation concludes that any strict analysis of space must be founded upon an unavoidable ontology._ _Philosophical Investigations of Space__ addresses a number of methodological controversies. It tests the limitations of a variety of scientific, phenomenological, geometric, and logical methods in order to demonstrate limitations of both methodology and underlying assumption. In addition to the richness of her historical and systematic discussion, Ströker’s work is a model of thoroughly documented philosophical scholarship and conceptual precision. (shrink)

Derek Parfit’s view of personal identity raises questions about whether advance decisions refusing life-saving treatment should be honored in cases where a patient loses psychological continuity; it implies that these advance decisions would not be self-determining at all. However, rather than accepting that an unknown metaphysical ‘further fact’ underpins agential unity, one can accept Parfit’s view but offer a different account of what it implies morally. Part II of this article argues that contractual obligations provide a moral basis for honoring (...) advance decisions refusing life-saving and/or life-sustaining medical treatment; advance decisions have similarities to contracts, such as life insurance policies and will-contracts, that come into effect when the psychological discontinuity is through death. (shrink)

ZusammenfassungDen Schwerpunkt des Aufsatzes bildet der Ubergang von der statischen Strukturanalyse des Bewusstseins zur genetischen Konstitutionsanalyse, der für die vertiefte Auffassung Husserls von Intentionalität bedeutsam ist. Dieser Wandel folgt aus der Einsicht, dass sich die Konstitution von Gegenständlichkeit nicht in einzelnen distinkten Akten vollzieht, sondern in zeitlicher Genesis, in welche sowohl aktive vergangene Konstitutionsleistungen als auch passive Vorkonstitutio‐nen eingehen. Um diese Sedimentierungen aufzudecken, hat Husserl die phänomenologische Analyse der intentionalen Akte fortentwickelt zur Intentionalanalyse. Diese Art der Analyse führte auch zu (...) einer neuen Thematisierung des Ich. Dieses blieb nicht länger blosser‘QuetlpoP der Akte, sondern trat als ein Feld von Selbsterfahrung in Sicht, so dass durch seine sinnkonsti‐tuierenden Leistungen es selber besondere Eigenarten gewinnt und so sich selbst als konkretes Ego entdeckt. (shrink)

Life-world as the world of our concrete experiences is permanently modified by science. All experimental actions even of pure science are just as much scientific practice as a form of life-wordly practice. Above alt it is the technological consequences of science that reorganize life-world, and in such a way that we lack more and more understanding of what they realty are. This paper wants to show that several discrepancies and paradoxes, rising from this fact, contribute to structural changes in our (...) experiences of the world as well as of our own self. (shrink)