Synchronic and diachronic philology is a necessary but insufficient condition for studying rhetoricians and philosophers of the Ancient world. Knowledge of formal logic in order to understand their works is also required. As a rhetorician-turned-philosopher Augustine not only utilized Stoic and Aristotelian logic but also exceeded the boundary of such formal languages using both original inference patterns unknown to such formal systems and disclosing new horizons to Western philosophy.

The essay focuses on Jeff Wall’s theoretical writings and artistic productions. The inquiry on the photograph’s medium has been re-enacted in the late 1970s and 1980s by the use of the large scale and the “tableau-form”; in Wall’s work the large scale of the images, coupled with the light box, stimulates at the same time a new relationship with the beholder’s gaze and the possibility of a historical dialogue with other media, like painting and cinema. By the analysis of photographs (...) like Mimic and A view from an Apartment the interplay between document and fiction, capture of everyday and mise en scène appears at the core of Wall’s research and a main subject in contemporary photography. (shrink)

This paper is a reflection on the potential of teaching methodologies that focus on the phenomenon of dissonance or cognitive conflict. In a multicultural and increasingly polarized society, the capacity to question one’s own beliefs and behaviors is certainly one of the skills that the educational system should promote, and the development of this competence is closely related to the effective control of the experience of dissonance originated by new information. Starting from a brief reconstruction of the pedagogical and psychological (...) literature on the subject, I will try to analyze the complexity of the phenomenon of cognitive dissonance by proposing an explanation of the contradictory results of empirical research, identifying as the main problematic nodes the emotional regulation of conflict and the role of the teacher as a facilitator of the process of conceptual change. (shrink)

Éclaircissements sur le titre et les limites de la communication.Le problème de Dieu se pose comme problème cosmologique ou comme problème logico-formel. Le problème de Dieu comme expérience intérieure étant posé, on rejette la chose en soi de l’ancienne métaphysique, mais on critique la prétention de la philosophie moderne de l’immanence, qui veut résoudre toute réalité dans l’activité du sujet, tout en lui reconnaissant le mérite d’avoir montré explicitement que la chose en soi était insoutenable. Nier la chose en soi (...) ne veut pourtant pas dire nier la transcendance de Dieu, mais admettre que Dieu est une réalité présente à notre conscience, en entendant cette présence comme connaissance d’une réalité qui nous dépasse. On conclut que la transcendance de Dieu est le problème de l’expérience intérieure et qu’il se pose comme problème moral. (shrink)

Questo contributo riguarda il tema specifico dell’umiltà come virtù etica e nasce all’interno di uno studio più ampio sulla relazione tra umiltà in campo morale e umiltà intellettuale, tema ricorrente tra i sostenitori della Virtue Epistemology. L’intento di questo saggio è quello di approfondire il recente dibattito circa la natura dell’umiltà come virtù e la sua definizione e il mio obiettivo è quello di mostrare come la tradizione aristotelico-tomista, generalmente sottovalutata da chi si occupa di umiltà nella filosofia analitica (...) contemporanea, possa fornire una risposta soddisfacente alle problematiche più recenti relative a questo tema. La struttura di questo breve contributo prevede un primo paragrafo in cui offrirò una sintetica panoramica sulla concezione di umiltà di Aristotele e Tommaso d’Aquino. Quindi, nel secondo paragrafo, analizzerò la ricezione di questa virtù all’interno della filosofia morale contemporanea di matrice analitica, affrontando due problemi di cui qualsiasi definizione di umiltà deve dare spiegazione: la compatibilità di umiltà e conoscenza di sé, e la possibilità, per chi eccelle in un determinato ambito, di essere umile. Mostrerò come la tradizione aristotelico-tomista possa fornire una risposta efficace a tali quesiti recenti e presenterò i tratti generali della concezione di umiltà come virtù relazionale. Infine concluderò indicando alcuni punti degni di futuri sviluppi. (shrink)

‘68 in Italy, compared to the same movement in other European countries, is characterized by its long duration and its particular intensity. It is in fact a movement that has produced powerful and lasting effects on the Italian society for at least a decade, as it is visible in its central presence in the historical memory of the country, still today. But the outbreak of ‘68, like the social and legislative achievements of the 70s, owe their conditions of possibility to (...) a break – a political break but above all a theoretical break – which occurred earlier, at the beginning of the 1960s. Going back to the genesis of the breakdown of the conservative imagery of the 1950s, while being an operation of intellectual history, can be useful to investigate how the “theoretical novelty” emerges, in this case through a break with its own tradition, albeit aiming to its reactivation. (shrink)

"Italia laica" is the result of research carried out in recent years on the philosophy and culture of the Italian secular matrix, through the work of great thinkers such as Alberti, Machiavelli, Pomponazzi, Bruno and Galileo, then reinforced in the Enlightenment. The central theme is the emergence of an Italian 'civil wisdom', based on the primacy of critical knowledge and science in all its forms and ethics of a strictly worldly character that Italy has given to culture and civilization of (...) Europe. (shrink)

Synchronic and diachronic philology is a necessary but insufficient condition for studying rhetoricians and philosophers of the Ancient world. Knowledge of formal logic in order to understand their works is also required. As a rhetorician-turned-philosopher Augustine not only utilized Stoic and Aristotelian logic but also exceeded the boundary of such formal languages using both original inference patterns unknown to such formal systems and disclosing new horizons to Western philosophy.

The question of laterality lies at the core of the image description technique in Diderot’s Salons. This essay aims at examining the role of laterality through a close analysis of Diderot’s commentaries of some artistic works. It is possible to recognize the role of laterality in the beholder’s gaze, in the aesthetic re-creation during the process of reception and, finally, in the inversion of left and right as productive development of the artistic image.

Even though it has been a privileged form of philosophical inquiry since its origins, dialogue seems to have a marginal role in the teaching of philosophy in Italian schools. The attempt to overcome this paradox through methodologies from the Anglo-Saxon tradition, such as debate, does not seem to respond to the intrinsic needs of the discipline to promote a problematizing attitude towards reality because it is based on a formalization of the debate that emphasizes the competition but neglects self-confrontation and (...) the real questioning of one’s pre-knowledge. Through an analysis of the related literature, this paper proposes a recovery of the Socratic model of dialogue, as a tool to induce cognitive dissonance, a necessary condition for the development of critical thinking. (shrink)