Este trabajo tiene el objetivo de mostrar que actualmente la bioética, si bien requiere de la aplicación de conocimientos de disciplinas heterogéneas, afronta diversas polémicas que tienen una estructura filosófica. Para sustentar una perspectiva filosófica como problema central, el método de abordaje de la presente propuesta contempla un análisis acerca del tipo de indagaciones que caracterizan a la bioética, la delimitación del objeto que estudia, las propuestas metodológicas más relevantes y aquellas alternativas de búsqueda que pretenden tomar distancia de la (...) reflexión filosófica, paralelamente a las variadas conceptualizaciones que parten de la moral y desembocan en la casuística. El argumento central es que la bioética atiende a incertidumbres morales que surgen en la interacción con la vida, estas son el objeto sobre el que reflexiona la ética, y si la ética es una disciplina que se resuelve apelando a los métodos de la filosofía, con este trabajo se pretende concluir que la bioética necesariamente ha de tener una estructura filosófica. (shrink)

From Realism to 'Realicism' is a unique critical study of Peirce's metaphysics, and his repeated insistence on the realism of the medieval schoolman as the key to understanding his own system. By tracing the problem of universals beginning with its Greek roots, Rosa Maria Perez-Teran Mayorga provides the necessary yet underrepresented background of moderate realism and Peirce's eventual revision of metaphysics.

From Realism to "Realicism" is a unique critical study of Peirce's metaphysics, and his repeated insistence on the realism of the medieval schoolman as the key to understanding his own system. By tracing the problem of universals beginning with its Greek roots, Rosa Maria Perez-Teran Mayorga provides the necessary yet underrepresented background of moderate realism and Peirce's eventual revision of metaphysics.

We present evidence from a pre-registered experiment indicating that a philosophical argument––a type of rational appeal––can persuade people to make charitable donations. The rational appeal we used follows Singer’s well-known “shallow pond” argument (1972), while incorporating an evolutionary debunking argument (Paxton, Ungar, & Greene 2012) against favoring nearby victims over distant ones. The effectiveness of this rational appeal did not differ significantly from that of a well-tested emotional appeal involving an image of a single child in need (Small, Loewenstein, and (...) Slovic 2007). This is a surprising result, given evidence that emotions are the primary drivers of moral action, a view that has been very influential in the work of development organizations. We did not find support for our pre-registered hypothesis that combining our rational and emotional appeals would have a significantly stronger effect than either appeal in isolation. However, our finding that both kinds of appeal can increase charitable donations is cause for optimism, especially concerning the potential efficacy of well-designed rational appeals. We consider the significance of these findings for moral psychology, ethics, and the work of organizations aiming to alleviate severe poverty. (shrink)

El escrito tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre la entrevista narrativa como una posibilidad teórica de comprender el procedimiento adecuado para desarrollar una investigación biográfico narrativa en torno a las trayectorias académicas de unos profesores de tiempo completo que laboran en un programa doctoral a los que denomino académicos porque hacen las funciones sustantivas de investigación, docencia y difusión de sus investigaciones, además de gestión y vinculación como funciones adjetivas. La reflexión se tematiza a partir de participar en un seminario permanente (...) sobre la Narrativa y subjetividad en investigación en educación. También se vincula con mi investigación en proceso denominada egresados del doctorado del ISCEEM. Relatos de trayectorias académicas, identidad y subjetividades. La reflexión se enmarca tratando de pensar con dos autores centrales Antonio Bolivar sobre la investigación biográfico narrativa y Hugo Zemelman sobre el sujeto social que deviene en sujeto académico. (shrink)

Lopera, Maria Teresa: Justicia distribuiva ¿Legitimidad o consenso?Medellín: Universidad de Antioquia, colección Otraparte, 1999, pp. 128.

Lopera, Maria Teresa: Justicia distribuiva ¿Legitimidad o consenso?Medellín: Universidad de Antioquia, colección Otraparte, 1999, pp. 128.

Uno de los conceptos básicos de la filosofía práctica es el de persona. Sin este concepto no se dejan pensar coherentemente cuestiones esenciales de la política, la ética, el derecho y la moral. La complejidad de la existencia humana –la cual se “resume” en que nunca se es solamente sujeto de derecho, ciudadano o heredero de una determinada tradición cultural– implica el riesgo del reduccionismo, es decir, de la explicación de lo que significa llevar la vida de una persona desde (...) sólo una perspectiva de la existencia humana. Luego de presentar algunas de las estaciones centrales de la prehistoria y la historia del concepto de persona, el artículo ofrece algunos elementos que podrían servir para formular un concepto no reduccionista de la persona en el ámbito específico de la filosofía de la justicia social. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Becoming a Nepantla-Spider:Rethinking InterculturalismLayla Y. MayorgaIn 2002, Gloria Anzaldúa began writing a poem titled "Like a Spider in Her Web," which she left unfinished. The poem reads as follows:Rain Drums against the roofWind slaps the window panesDaylight thrusts against the doorTrying to get in.To keep out the worldI burrow under my blanketsAnd like a spider in her webSpin images and wordsFashioning another KingdomMore real than the outerEl sueño del (...) mundoThe sum of the collectiveIs dimmer than my soul's dreamIn my cave of bed and comforter faces come and goPeople cry, people laughI'm abandoned, then embracedIn my cave of bed and blanketsI'm walking in the woodsOr standing on a mountain topLooking at ocean wavesDash against the cliffs belowIn my cave of bed and quiltSueño another worldWhile el otro mundo dreams of me.(Anzaldúa, Gloria Anzaldúa Reader 276) [End Page 47]The poem presents a captivating concept wherein traversing different worlds unveils a thought-provoking idea: the ability to envision a dream world in the comforting shelter of one's bed while simultaneously becoming the subject of another world's dream. I perceive the dreams experienced under the blanket and in the other realm as manifestations of Nepantla, a term denoting the liminal space "in between" distinct realities (Anzaldúa, Gloria Anzaldúa Reader 180). Notably, the space described in her poem possesses a unique quality, as Anzaldúa depicts it as a realm of dreams—a profound longing for unity dwells within, aspiring to manifest a world where interconnection and engagement with the external realm become attainable.Interpreting the poem, I perceive it as an invitation to actively engage with its words, embracing Anzaldúa's assertion that such an act serves as a crucial step toward embracing a world characterized by interconnectedness, an aspect crucial to the pragmatist account of interculturalism. Interculturalism signifies the approach of mutual respect and cooperation among diverse cultures, while interconnectedness represents the intricate web of connections that binds communities together. At its core, the poem conveys the notion that to transcend the threshold of our imaginative and liminal spaces, we must venture into a different world. It is a world that intertwines individual caves with diverse realms, binding us together. This dream beckons us to take the courageous step toward embracing this interconnected reality, all the while acknowledging the trepidation that arises from the intricate and extensive web of connections it entails.By interpreting this poem as what it means to dream of those liminal worlds interconnected with oneself, we can gain valuable insights into the practical manifestation of interculturalism within society. I argue that we can comprehensively understand what intercultural pragmatism should encompass, by embracing Anzaldúa's notion of Nepantleras, stemming from the word "Nepantla," or the in-between, entailing the creation of peaceful ways to coexist together, alongside Brian Burkhart's perspective on locality or connection with the land. I argue this "Like a Spider in Her Web;" the liminal space in-between is also part of the world that contains the world of the non-living and non-valuable. In this context, the term "non-value" is employed to denote the inherent quality whereby entities such as animals, nature, and individuals exist independently of any monetary or evaluative considerations, emphasizing their intrinsic physical and vital significance. The term "non-living" is employed to denote spirits and objects that have originated from the depletion or utilization of nature, exemplified by items like tables. [End Page 48]This view, which I refer to as the Nepantla-Spider process, bears a metaphoric sense to the molting of a spider, signifying a transformative growth toward decolonial philosophical thinking and embracing what truly encompasses interculturalism. To achieve genuine interculturalism and democratic justice, one must acknowledge the inclusion of non-living entities and non-human land within our intercultural community. Unfortunately, these aspects are often disregarded due to their non-human nature, resulting in a lack of representation. As the Western perspective dominates, it determines what is considered valuable, marginalizing the... (shrink)

The topic of mixed emotions has received considerable attention in recent years. However, two limitations in this research are the lack of (a) theoretical prediction regarding the types of conditions likely to cause one emotion to yield to another, and (b) attention given to the moment-to-moment (MTM) experience of mixed emotions. Using the empirical context of competitive contests, the mixed emotions state of suspense was manipulated in a series of studies designed to address these shortcomings. The results indicate that the (...) most appropriate emotion pair to describe suspense is hope and fear. In addition, we find that the juxtaposition of these two emotions over the temporal sequence relies on viewers’ interpretation of observed events relative to a preferred outcome. The results indicate a prevalence of bipolarity between hope and fear at lower levels of suspense and bivariance at higher levels. Given a high-suspense episode, both hope and fear are activated; whereas when suspense is low, hope (fear) is ascendant and fear (hope) declines when it becomes obvious a preferred competitor will ultimately win (lose). (shrink)

Uno de los conceptos básicos de la filosofía práctica es el de persona. Sin este concepto no se dejan pensar coherentemente cuestiones esenciales de la política, la ética, el derecho y la moral. La complejidad de la existencia humana –la cual se “resume” en que nunca se es solamente sujeto de derecho, ciudadano o heredero de una determinada tradición cultural– implica el riesgo del reduccionismo, es decir, de la explicación de lo que significa llevar la vida de una persona desde (...) sólo una perspectiva de la existencia humana. Luego de presentar algunas de las estaciones centrales de la prehistoria y la historia del concepto de persona, el artículo ofrece algunos elementos que podrían servir para formular un concepto no reduccionista de la persona en el ámbito específico de la filosofía de la justicia social. (shrink)

En el presente trabajo se procede a la entrega de los resultados de una investigación acerca de los imaginarios sociales producidos por la prensa en un contexto específico que corresponde a la crisis argentina de 2001, y, a su vez, procura contribuir empíricamente a la discusión acerca del poder que ostenta la prensa escrita en contextos de conflicto social.

The main purpose of this paper is to make a reflection on the war from the work both by Karl von Clausewitz and Raymond Aron. The hypothesis proposed herein is that a misunderstanding of the theories proposed by the Prussian General may have led to an erroneous recognition about him as father of some tactics employed by some totalitarian regimes of the 20th Century in order to crush their opponents. In an effort to corroborate this idea, the analysis will be (...) based on two seminal sources, the Vom Kriege and Thinking about the war, Clausewitz, which will be supplemented by secondary literature comprising books and articles. It is to avoid that local and international conflicts that are unleashed on the world stage be approaching the limits of absolute war is to practice moderation (an essential political understanding) when making decisions related to the military leadership of the confrontation. (shrink)

The paper presents Amartya Sen’s critique of the anthropological model that underlies the conception of neoclassical economics, in order to present the conception of subject offered by the abilities approach and then the notion of development as freedom.

The DACA program, administered by the Department of Homeland Security, protects Dreamers—undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children.However, without legislative support, Dreamers face the imminent threat of losing their homes, rights, and deportation. I argue for the passage of the DREAM Act, which would protect Dreamers from unfair targeting and provide a path to citizenship. Dreamers possess a unique social membership in American society, and it is ethically imperative to shield them from deportation and grant them equal rights as (...) fellow citizens if we ought to demonstrate a commitment to addressing oppression and injustice. (shrink)

Revolución Conservadora Y Conservación Revolucionaria Juan Mayorga Ruano La memoria de las víctimas, nos dice Walter Benjamín en el conjunto de su obra, es la única base sobre la que se puede construir una política no reaccionaria. Una política para la humanidad. El presente trabajo se enmarca en el campo de la consideración filosófica de la historia. Se trata de una reflexión sobre el concepto de la historia según Benjamin.

Gloria Anzaldúa’s unfinished poem, “Like a Spider in Her Web,” introduces envisioning a dream world within one’s refuge while simultaneously enmeshed in another realm’s dreamscape, epitomizing Nepantla as a threshold of interconnectedness. This paper, inspired by her poem, proposes the notion I call a “Nepantla-Spider process,” amalgamating Anzaldúa’s Nepantleras, Brian Burkhart’s locality, and José-Antonio Orosco’s pragmatic interculturalism framework. I argue that a Nepantla-Spider process facilitates an expanded understanding of interculturalism that includes the non-living, animals, and the Land as requirements for (...) interculturalism and democratic justice under a pragmatist approach to growth and pluralism. (shrink)

Charles Peirce did not seem to have a consistent view regarding ethics. His occasional remarks on this subject appear to be contradictory at best and cynical at worst. As a result, many have suggested that his comments on ethics, especially those expressed in the 1898 Cambridge Conference lectures, should be dismissed or ignored. This chapter argues that Peirce's views on ethics can be best understood by comparing them to his views on scholastic realism and nominalism. When analyzed in this way, (...) Peirce's observations on ethics can serve as the grounds for a robust moderate moral realism that can compare favorably with contemporary metaethical theories. (shrink)

Talisse proposes a reconstruction of a pragmatist view of democracy based on Peirce's scientific method. I argue that on the one hand, Talisse's “Peircean” account of democracy is not truly Peircean because it ignores his metaphysics; on the other hand, that his account minimizes Peirce's possible contribution by focusing too narrowly on his epistemology. I show how Talisse's account is open to the same kind of objections he makes to Dewey's theory, and how Peirce's remarks on ethics can contribute towards (...) a more compelling pragmatist democratic theory than Talisse allows. (shrink)

El estado actual de competición en el espacio exterior sitúa a las capacidades estratégicas espaciales de los países en el objetivo de la planificación estratégica de todos ellos. Los organismos internacionales están cobrando conciencia de la necesidad de proteger los activos espaciales ante un creciente número de amenazas, lo que requerirá de un esfuerzo adicional en cuanto a medios para mitigar sus efectos. La aproximación entre el espacio y la defensa, para poder actuar en este nuevo escenario, propicia la participación (...) de los organismos de defensa y seguridad y exige a los Estados el aporte de esta dimensión de defensa que se requiere para ello. España, tanto a través del Ministerio de Defensa como en otras iniciativas que requieren de su concurrencia, está preparada para contribuir a esta llamada desde la OTAN, Unión Europea y Naciones Unidas, con los medios disponibles y las medidas que su contexto país le permitan. (shrink)

This article provides an introductory overview and comparison of the pragmatism of Charles Peirce, the founder of the American movement, with aspects of the pragmatism of disciples such as William James, F.C.S. Schiller, and John Dewey, including Peirce’s reactions to these latter thinkers, and some observations on the place of pragmatism in the 21st century.

I arrived here March 1st. The others came the following Thursday. I find the Tortugas quite inaccessible. Fort Taylor here is damp… It is uninhabitable… In the barracks, however, I find an excellent place for the experiments and good quarters… No authorization to use them has come… I am sorry to say that all the transportation has cost very much more than I expected & the work will take more time… If I had only come down beforehand myself and looked (...) at the situation, I should have been able to save money… I wish you would kindly inform me by telegraph whether you could not afford me $400 additional.2With the purpose of conducting gravity experiments, Charles Peirce, accompanied by his wife, Juliette, arrived in Key... (shrink)

On April 18, 2019, a small group of Peirce scholars arrived in Milford, the small Pennsylvania town where Charles and Juliette Peirce spent the last few decades of their lives. The purpose of the gathering was to dedicate the monument to Charles Peirce that had been completed some months before, in August, at the Peirce gravesite in the Milford Cemetery. Organized under the auspices of the Charles S. Peirce Society, and with additional support of the Charles S. Peirce Foundation, the (...) program of activities for the two-day event, "Charles Peirce: In Lasting Memory," consisted of invited papers on Peirce's life; the graveside monument dedication ceremony; a visit to the Columns Museum which houses Peirce memorabilia;... (shrink)

Traditionally considered opposing views, realism and idealism were both endorsed by Charles Peirce, founder of pragmatism. Robert Lane proposes to defend the underlying consistency of Peirce's views on these two issues by tracing their evolution and the coextensive effect on the rest of his innovative philosophy. This is no easy task, as anyone who has attempted to study Peirce's vast oeuvre can confirm. Among the many challenges to this undertaking is the fact that much of Peirce's thought, which covers the (...) whole gamut of philosophical topics, is contained in unpublished manuscripts. Lane includes the latter, along with Peirce's better-known writings, in this clearly-argued, thoroughly-researched, and most... (shrink)

In this ambitious study of the development of Charles Peirce 's realism, Mateusz Oleksy attempts "to show that over the course of his entire career Peirce significantly modified his position on realism ". Oleksy differentiates between Peirce 's earlier scholastic realism and Peirce 's mature realism, which Oleksy calls pragmatic realism. "One of the main theses of this book," he proclaims in the introduction, "is that PR is incompatible with SR as a whole, and that it replaces the latter in (...) Peirce 's mature thought". Oleksy proposes to defend this thesis in the four ensuing chapters, "knowing very well that Peirce would most likely protest, since all throughout his career he declared loyalty to SR". (shrink)

Antiracist educators believe that education exists within a racial hierarchy and that students have a right to have their full, intersectional, pluralistic humanity affirmed. Antiracism is an ongoing collective process of learning about and working to eradicate persistent structural barriers. Likewise, teaching ethically involves a commitment to ensure learning creates equitable opportunities and outcomes for all. Antiracist education, then, is profoundly ethical for it is rooted in increasing understanding of all people’s experiences and confronting social inequities that exclude individuals and (...) groups of people from participating to their full ability. The syllabus is an entry point for a relationship between students, content, and instructor, providing a guide to action for instructors and students. Any antiracist analysis of the syllabus must consider curricular, pedagogical, and assessment choices to cultivate an antiracist ethic in the classroom. The authors provide questions and examples to raise awareness of the complexity of creating antiracist classrooms. (shrink)