Introduction: The humanities enrich and transform the practice of medicine. What remains to be seen, however, is how best to integrate humanities into the medical curriculum to optimize both educational and patient-related outcomes. The present study considers the structure of an innovative student-driven humanities curriculum and seeks to understand its strengths and limitations, as well as make recommendations for improvement. Methods: The Penn State College of Medicine, University Park Regional Campus uses an inquiry-based approach to education, whereby students are responsible (...) for creating learning objectives in four core pillars of exploration: Foundational Science, Clinical Science, Health Systems Science, and Health Humanities. This study explores student-derived humanities learning objectives (HLO) across four years of the curriculum. Results: 420 HLOs met criteria for analysis and were coded as instrumental (developing direct clinical skill), non-instrumental (non-skill based), or both. Of these, 125 (30%) were instrumental, 239 (57%) were non-instrumental, and 56 (13%) were coded as both. Most instrumental HLO centered around communication skills. Non-instrumental HLO most commonly focused on bearing witness and critiquing a particular experience within a social and/or political context. Conclusions: Findings from this study contribute to the development of a humanities curriculum in a student-directed learning program. Non-instrumental HLO lacked a theoretical framework to guide student’s investigations to a deeper level of analysis. Student-directed learning offers many strengths, but can be enhanced through external direction from humanities trained faculty, particularly given that many medical students have a limited humanities background. (shrink)

The series, founded in 1970, publishes works which either combine studies in the history of philosophy with a systematic approach or bring together systematic studies with reconstructions from the history of philosophy. Monographs are published in English as well as in German. The founding editors are Erhard Scheibe (editor until 1991), Günther Patzig (until 1999) and Wolfgang Wieland (until 2003). From 1990 to 2007, the series had been co-edited by Jürgen Mittelstraß.

ABSTRACTDespite the growing research on the emergence of the term ‘Europe’ in the Early Modern Period and its implications, concepts and conceptualizations, most studies rely on vernacular sources exclusively. The vast and even unclear amount of Neo-Latin literature processing the discourse on Europe and European identity has yet attracted only little interest. With its proper investigation starting now, the following article aims to make a corresponding contribution by examining a treatise of one of the most prominent Neo-Latin writers of the (...) seventeenth century, John Barclay. The treatise in question, entitled Icon animorum, has received scant attention in modern Neo-Latin scholarship so far, notwithstanding its early modern popularity, its excellent Latin and its famous author. The article will thus atone for the lack of both the work’s literary and historical credit. The argument will show that with his Icon, Barclay has not just created a description of European nations typical of his time, but that he has, in fact, reached out to a supranational concept of Europe according to the principle of ‘unity in diversity’. (shrink)

In the seventeenth century, the Jewish mystical tradition which is known as Kabbalah was integrated into the curriculum of studying the Hebrew Bible and the Talmud. Kabbalah became popular in these times in the wake of the dissemination of Isaac Luria’s teachings, in particular within the Jewish communities in Prague and Amsterdam, where members of the Horowitz family took a leading role. Kabbalistic psychology was applied to the whole Jewish lifestyle then, and to the understanding of Jewish tradition. Kabbalistic intentions (...) of prayer intensified the expectation of redemption, and during the messianic movement initiated by Shabtai Zvi, the kabbalistic meaning of repentance was also adapted in prayer books composed for so-called Conversos, who had to familiarize themselves with Jewish tradition. The article exemplifies this process by a Spanish anthology of prayers, Libro entitulado ensenha à pecadores, and shows the historical impact of Kabbalah in the field of Jewish education. (shrink)

--Prophet mit Marx- und Engelszungen, von M. Walser.--Philosophie zwischen Traum und Apokalypse, von I. Frenzel.--Messianismus und Marxismus, von J. Moltmann.--Ein marxistischer Schelling, von J. Habermas.--Ein Gespräch über ungelöste Aufgaben der sozialistischen Theorie, von E. Bloch und F. Vilmar.--Ein grosser Einzelgänger, von I. Fetscher.--Ernst Blochs Evolution des Marxismus, von W. Maihofer.--Ausgewählte Bibliographie der Schriften über Ernst Bloch, zusammengestellt von R. Kübler (p. 133-[149]).

Only when students feel engaged both socially and academically can schools and teachers lay the groundwork to motivate achievement. This volume, the fifth in the _Harvard Education Letter _Spotlight series, brings together fifteen seminal articles that examine research and practice on these complex and interrelated issues. Foreword by Sam M. Intrator, associate professor of education and of the Program in Urban Studies at Smith College and codirector of Smith’s Urban Education Initiative. Contributors include: Michael Bitz, James Paul Gee, Pedro A. (...) Noguera, Laura Pappano, George Sugai, and Richard Weissbourd. (shrink)

Was ist der Mensch? Was ist Sprache, Geist, Bewusstsein, Selbstbewusstsein, Seele, Absicht, Wille, Freiheit, Subjektivität? Wie hängt dies alles mit der Natur, der es entstammt, zusammen? Wer stellt diese Grundfragen der Philosophie heute noch, und wer gibt Antworten darauf? Gerold Prauss deckt einen bisher noch nicht gesehenen Zusammenhang auf, der philosophisch weiterführt. Ein philosophisches Grundlagenwerk, das als eine Erneuerung systematischen Philosophierens aus dem Geist der großen drei Kritiken Immanuel Kants begrüßt worden ist. Das Werk besticht durch die rhetorische Brillanz, (...) mit der Gerold Prauss seine Leser in den Dialog mit dem Autor einbezieht. (shrink)

Beck, L.W. Können Kants synthetische Urteil in analystische umgewandelt werden?--Ebbinghaus, J. Kants Lehre von der Anschauung a priori.--Mittelstrass, J. Spontaneität.--Prauss, G. Zum Wahrheitsproblem bei Kant.--Henrich, D. Die Beweisstruktur von Kants transzendentaler Deduktion.--Kaulbach, F. Schema, Bild und Modell nach den Voraussetzungen des Kantischen Denkens.--Frede, M. und Krüger, L. Über die Zuordnung der Quantitäten des Urteils und der Kategorien der Grösse bei Kant.--Weizsäcker, C.F. von. Kants "Erste Analogie der Erfahrung" und die Erhaltungssätze der Physik.--Beck, L.W. Die Zweite Analogie und das Prinzip der (...) Unberstimmtheit.--Tuschling, B. Kants "Metaphysische Anfangsgründe der Naturwissenschaft" und das Opus postumum.--Hilbner, K. Leib und Erfahrung in Kants Opus postumum.--Patzig, G. Die logischen Formen praktischer Sätze in Kants Ethik.--Henrich, D. Der Begriff der sittlichen Einsicht und Kants Lehre vom Faktum der Vernunft.--Schwemmer, O. Vernunft und Moral.--Ebbinghaus, J. Die Formeln des kategorischen Imperativs und die Ableitung inhaltlich bestimmter Pflichten. (shrink)

Kant has been the only author who has attempted a deduction of ethical and legal obligations. He namely tried to deduce the ought from the free will. The fact that he finally resorted to the fact of reason proves that he did not succeed in the former deduction. In order to do so, he should have found an additional ground to add to the free will, for the relationship between morality and free will cannot be analytic. It is argued that (...) the addition of such a ground would have not invalidated the argument, neither does it involve any naturalistic fallacy, since the free will is not a natural fact, but rather something intentional. The article shows how far Kant would have gone had he reflected further upon the intentional character of the will. (shrink)

This article concerns the unsolved riddle of the continuum of the extension of time and space. It becomes solvable if one takes the two different relationships that can exist between extension and point as a basis: the primary relationship in the synthetic continuum and the secondary relationship in the analytical continuum. Time and space can then be deduced from the primary relationship between extension and point as each special extension. And this deduction corresponds exactly to the synthesis of time and (...) space that Kant seeks to develop. (shrink)

Kann es dabei bleiben, dass das Kontinuum und das Unendliche noch bis heute zwei ungeloste Ratsel sind? Denn immerhin ist nicht einmal geklart, ob sie tatsachlich zwei sind oder nicht vielmehr nur eins. Und das obwohl doch feststeht: Auftreten kann unsere Welt als Inbegriff des Endlichen nur im Kontinuum von Zeit und Raum als dem Unendlichen. Nur ist nicht klar, ob es auf seinem Grund denn in der Tat kontinuierlich ist und nicht vielmehr diskret, wozu man bisher neigt. Befragt man (...) es bisher doch nur reduktionistisch nach der blossen Vielheit seiner Elemente: philosophisch ebenso wie mathematisch. Notig fur die Ratsellosung aber konnte sein, dass man auch noch holistisch nach der inneren Einheit dieser Vielheit fragt, wie es nicht einmal Aristoteles und Kant tun. Schliesslich ist es fur uns bedeutsam, wenn als Grundgestalt der Welt, zu der wir, die Subjekte, mit hinzugehoren, das Kontinuum als das Unendliche auftritt. Womoglich ist es dadurch nicht nur mathematisch oder philosophisch, sondern auch noch theologisch von Bedeutung. All dem Ungeklarten gilt es jedenfalls noch weiter nachzugehen. (shrink)