This paper provides a novel philosophical approach to the role of information on the internet. The link information-internet is analyzed from the perspective of the sciences of the artificial, to highlight aspects of this field that Herbert Simon did not consider. The analysis follows three steps: the study of the development of Artificial Intelligence as the support of internet for communication processes. This analysis is made to clarify the new communicative designs. The role creativity in the new communication designs is (...) studied. In this regard, there is an interplay between the scientific creativity of human beings making designs and technological innovation of information and communication technologies. The consideration of the transverse and longitudinal novelty that exist in the types of digital communication. They are based on AI built up as a science of the artificial. These types of novelty depend on the interaction between scientific creativity and technological innovation. A central aim of this paper on communication sciences from the perspective of sciences of design is to overcome Simon´s theoretical schemes. His view is mainly focused on structural complexity. But communicative designs of the internet phenomena require the dynamic complexity. In addition, communication on the internet is based on an internal-external duality, which goes beyond Simon’s approach on the artificial. Thus, the analysis takes into account the new types of communication and their different levels. (shrink)

This paper provides a novel philosophical approach to the role of information on the internet. The link information-internet is analyzed from the perspective of the sciences of the artificial, to highlight aspects of this field that Herbert Simon did not consider. The analysis follows three steps: the study of the development of Artificial Intelligence as the support of internet for communication processes. This analysis is made to clarify the new communicative designs. The role creativity in the new communication designs is (...) studied. In this regard, there is an interplay between the scientific creativity of human beings making designs and technological innovation of information and communication technologies. The consideration of the transverse and longitudinal novelty that exist in the types of digital communication. They are based on AI built up as a science of the artificial. These types of novelty depend on the interaction between scientific creativity and technological innovation. A central aim of this paper on communication sciences from the perspective of sciences of design is to overcome Simon´s theoretical schemes. His view is mainly focused on structural complexity. But communicative designs of the internet phenomena require the dynamic complexity. In addition, communication on the internet is based on an internal-external duality, which goes beyond Simon’s approach on the artificial. Thus, the analysis takes into account the new types of communication and their different levels. (shrink)

The structural and dynamic dimensions of complexity of the Internet are connected with epistemological and ontological factors, which are the main modes of complexity of the sciences of the Internet. These dimensions and modes of complexity are relevant for the communication sciences, because this field is one of the most important areas of development of this network of networks. Philosophy needs to address the problems of complexity that arise from the sciences of the Internet that have consequences for the communication (...) sciences. This article deals with these problems through a new approach in the philosophy of communication sciences based on the sciences of the artificial conceived as sciences of design. (shrink)

El propósito de este artículo es mostrar que las llamadas "teorías de la identidad psiconeural" no tienen la estructura lógica de una teoría genuina de la identidad. Un operador de identidad genuino es un operador de segundo orden, o de órdenes superiores, que convierte predicados n-ádicos en predicados n-1-ádicos. Si las teorias de la identidad psiconeural no son, en realidad, teorías de la identidad, entonces la críticas habituales que usan la Ley de Leibniz y otros rasgos que se relacionan con (...) la identidad no tienen ningún efecto. Así, dos serán las conclusiones: (i) que las llamadas "teorías de la identidad psiconeural" deben de reformularse, de manera que expresen claramente su contenido, y (ii) que las críticas utizadas hasta ahora contra ellas no consiguen su objetivo.The aim of this paper is to show that the so-called "theories of psichoneural identity" do not possess the logical structure of a genuine theory of identity. The identity operator is a second- or higher-order operator that converts n-adic predicates into n-1-ádic ones. If the so-called "theories of psichoneural identity" are not theories of identity at all, then two conclusions follow: (i) these theories of the mind-body relation should state their contents in a more appropiate way, and (ii) the usual criticisms against them, which bear on some features that all idetity theories must hold, as for instance Leibniz Law, leave them untouched. (shrink)

Resumen Este trabajo analiza los anuncios de televisión y prensa de la compañía española de telefonía móvil Yoigo para explorar cómo la publicidad usa la apelación emocional para persuadir al consumidor a adquirir un servicio. El marco teórico se basa, por una parte, en el concepto de efecto social del acto comunicativo : 577–603) y el de actividad de imagen : 175–198), entendiendo la imagen social desde las categorías básicas de autonomía y afiliación con sus manifestaciones grupal e individual, Actos (...) de habla y cortesía en el español. Munich: Lincom Europa). Por otro lado, se parte de las propuestas de identidad de Spencer-Oatey, Face, Communication and Social Interaction ) y los tipos de valores centrales e individuales de los que se nutren tanto la imagen social como la identidad, 268-290). Los resultados de los análisis demuestran que en los anuncios de Yoigo los valores de honestidad y originalidad están presentes en las estrategias comunicativas elegidas, lo que supone una serie de actividades de imagen donde la afiliación y la autonomía – tanto de grupo como individual – se ponen de manifiesto. Así, las estrategias realizadas por los anuncios utilizan atributos conocidos de la identidad del consumidor español y de su imagen social para lograr su propósito persuasivo: convencerle para contratar el servicio ofrecido. (shrink)

The relationship between aesthetic value and other moral and cognitive values has been a key theme within contemporary aesthetic discussion. In this article, I explore once again the implications of this relationship, but from what I think might be a different angle. With few exceptions, notably Dominic Lopes, most of the contributions to this issue have dealt with the impact that moral or cognitive values could possibly have on the overall aesthetic value of a work of art. In this article, (...) I explore instead how aesthetic properties or merits could play a role in explaining moral and cognitive properties. To do so, I first offer some examples that I think may reasonably exemplify the phenomenon we are considering. Second, I argue that a proper account of interactionism should meet at least two constraints: the relevance constraint and the autonomy constraint. Finally, I try to clarify how it is possible that aesthetic properties substantially contribute to other values by appealing to the notions of expression and the affective character of aesthetic properties. (shrink)

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My aim in this tentative text is framing political philosophy in the planetary context of Anthropocene. I will explore the political meaning of three non-excluding scenarios (emergencies, transitions and collapse) in order to demand the adequate doses of realism and utopianism to survive as an eco-dependent humanity. The climate emergency implies the acceptance of resilience as a political objective from the starting point of our radical vulnerability. We need a practical political philosophy that makes room for hope.

Últimamente, se están reforzando los planteamientos que venían buscando una enseñanza en la cual, a través de la resolución de casos prácticos, el alumnado se convierte en agente activo del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Son múltiples las opciones metodológicas con las que este puede alcanzarse y, también, es posible integrarlas en una propuesta donde el estudiantado protagonice la construcción de sus conocimientos, atendiendo a situaciones reales con una dimensión social, conocida como Aprendizaje y Servicio. Para desarrollar esta premisa, nos hemos centrado (...) en el binomio patrimonio y educación como necesidad social, eligiendo la ciudad romana de Clunia como referente del servicio. (shrink)

Este livro é uma homenagem aos professores Edmilson Borborema, Esman Dias e Marli Hazin, do Departamento de Letras da UFPE, das áreas de língua, literatura e língua inglesa Para que a obra tivesse o ar acadêmico eclético desses professores, ela conta com artigos de linguística e de literatura, tanto em português quanto em língua estrangeira, trazendo temas diversos dessas áreas, agrupados em três eixos- ensino de línguas, leitura e produção de texto e literatura Essas duas áreas não são tratadas só (...) isoladamente, cada uma nos seus interesses e particularidades, mas também o entrelaçamento dessas duas áreas é contemplado, sobretudo nos artigos que abordam obras literárias e traduções literárias. (shrink)

Two seemingly contradictory aspects have marked art’s appreciation – and aesthetic appreciation in general. While an experience of pleasure seems to ground judgments of aesthetic value, some artworks seem to gain our praise by the very negative – unpleasant – experience they provoke. Known as the paradox of negative emotions, aestheticians have, at least since Aristotle, tried to deal with these cases and offer different explanations of the phenomenon. In this article, María José Alcaraz León does not directly offer an (...) alternative explanation; rather she focuses on the apparent tension between an understanding of aesthetic experience in terms of a certain kind of pleasure and the negative aspect that is necessarily involved in our appreciation of painful art. The purpose of her article is to show that cases of artistic appreciation that involve negative emotions do not need to give up on the idea that aesthetic value is ultimately grounded upon an experience of pleasure. (shrink)

The subversion of tradition of ethics carried out by Kant in his Critique of Practical Reason is, according to Lacan, the intelligibility background on which it is possible a science of the subject as developed by Freud. This would be shown up in a particularly effective way if comparing Kant’s moral theory with Sade’s antimoral one. It is not difficult to show the formal-structural identity of the state of affairs established by inconditionality of law in both theoretical systems, and thus (...) expose the possibility of that anti-moral as a kind of Kantian variation. Moreover, Lacan holds, it is necessary to recognize in Sade’s Philosophy in the Bedroom the truth of Critique of Practical Reason. Our study proposes an examination of this well-known Lacanian thesis. On the one hand, we seek to establish the exact content of this thesis and the diagnosis of the relationship that it involves between Kant and Freud (between Enlightenment and psychoanalysis). On the other hand, we seek to confront that diagnosis with the reconstruction of the specific terms of the practical subject question in Kant’s philosophy. The ultimate aim is at least to raise a question about the place of the concept of “Reason” in psychoanalysis, that is, about the margin that the truth of the subject discovered by this theory leaves for making the difference (at least de iure) between the weight of reason and the illusions of moral masochism, and about the very conditions of psychoanalysis as a theory. (shrink)

In this paper I present an overview of the doctrine known as Positive Aesthetics regarding aesthetic judgements about nature. According to this view, all pristine nature is always beautiful and, generally, although not necessarily, human intervention tends to introduce ugliness in nature. One of the strong practical motivations behind this claim is an attempt to ground our reasons to preserve natural environments in aesthetic reasons. Positive Aesthetics has been defended within contrary approaches to nature appreciation such as the cognitivists and (...) the anti-cognitivist. Recently, the possibility of real ugliness in nature has been defended; at the same time, it is argued that the presence of ugly items in nature does not lead necessarily to the idea that they are not aesthetically valuable. Hence, natural ugliness can be a reason to preserve nature. In this sense, the denial of the Positive Aesthetics claim is shown to be compatible with the appeal to aesthetic negative qualities as a source of reasons for preserving natural environments. (shrink)

A pesar de que el mismo S. Kierkegaard reconoció haber sido hegeliano y que sus propios contemporáneos lo tuvieron por tal, su pensamiento ha pasado a la historia como una de las mayores fuerzas anti-hegelianas. La recepción historiográfica hegemónica asumió acríticamente el modelo de un dualismo existencial-especulativo, que entiende a Kierkegaard como el pensador de la experiencia subjetiva y a Hegel como el aliado de un concepto abstracto y vacío. Las siguientes páginas se proponen contribuir a la rectificación de esta (...) incomprensión especulativa, cuyas consecuencias agudizan cada vez más la confusión contemporánea. En oposición a la imagen de un Kierkegaard antihegeliano, intentaremos mostrar la profunda influencia del pensamiento de Hegel sobre el existencialismo kierkegaardiano, influencia que se manifiesta en las categorías de espíritu, dialéctica, idea, reduplicación e unidad relacional, entre otras. (shrink)

The social and cultural changes of the last century have transformed death from an everyday fact to something hidden from view. Shifting between the practical and the theoretical, the professional and the intimate, the real and the fictitious, this collection of essays explores the continued power of death over our lives. It examines the idea and experience of death from an interdisciplinary perspective, including studies of changing burial customs throughout Europe; an account of a"dying party" in the Netherlands; examinations of (...) the fascination with violent death in crime fiction and the phenomenon of serial killer art; analyses of death and bereavement in poetry, fiction, and autobiography; and a look at audience reactions to depictions of death on screen. By studying and considering how death is thought about in the contemporary era, we might restore the natural place it has in our lives. (shrink)

Recent debates on the validity of Aesthetic Testimony and the centrality of the so-called Acquaintance Principle suggest that there is more to the proper exercise of aesthetic judgement than mere endorsement of allegedly correct aesthetic judgements. For example, although it is reasonable to follow experts’ judgements in certain matters of fact, it seems less acceptable to simply endorse or adopt experts’ judgements in the aesthetic domain. That reliance on testimony, by contrast to some other areas of judgement, is not sufficient (...) for aesthetic judgement has encouraged scholars to focus in turn on the importance of the personal involvement and autonomy of the aesthetic agent. This special issue focuses on phenomena related to failed exercises of aesthetic judgement. The choice of the theme is motivated by the belief that a careful analysis of failures in aesthetic judgement can reveal significant aspects of the nature of aesthetic experience itself as well as the roles that perception, imagination, and learning have in its proper exercise. (shrink)

: El presente artículo ilustra un capítulo del pensamiento reaccionario español, surgido a raíz de la revolución francesa, que tiene por objeto frenar las ideas modernas para preservar la tradición (identificada siempre con la iglesia católica). Centrado en la figura de Agapita Clara, autodenominada la filosofía rancia en honor de Francisco Alvarado (el filósofo rancio), se aventura la hipótesis de que el autor oculto tras dicho seudónimo femenino pueda ser Manuel Freyre y Castrillón, antiguo liberal convertido a los ideales de (...) la reacción. (shrink)

El art. 35 de la Constitución española de 1978 reconoce a los españoles "el deber de trabajar y el derecho al trabajo, a la libre elección de profesión u oficio, a la promoción a través del trabajo y a una remuneración suficiente para satisfacer sus necesidades y las de su familia, sin que en ningún caso pueda hacerse discriminación por razón de sexo".

Esta propuesta se inscribe en el marco de análisis y comprensión de los procesos de subjetivación contemporáneos como maneras de imponer una esencia a una existencia. Puesto que hemos sido edificadas con las imágenes de otros, las mujeres hemos debido construirnos cada una con ellas. Siendo muy diversos los desenlaces de esta construcción, somos sin embargo parecidas al compartir una particular manera de vínculo: la experiencia que denomino del deseo de ser. Estando siempre sin hacer, somos siempre siendo y, aunque (...) dadas ya por hechas, cada mujer es el resultado de un tremendo esfuerzo y paciencia cuya resolución permite vivir. (shrink)

Este artigo objetivou identificar, por meio de documentos e relatos de professores da Secretaria Municipal da Educação de Palmas, os indícios de prática criativa e inovadora no processo de formação continuada dos professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Este trabalho caracteriza-se como abordagem qualitativa, com caráter exploratório. Os procedimentos técnicos adotados para a realização deste estudo incluem revisão bibliográfica, análise documental e pesquisa de campo. Muitos estudos vêm sendo realizados sobre a formação continuada de professores, sobretudo no que se (...) refere às práticas pedagógicas educacionais que os sistemas de ensino desenvolvem para efetivação dessa formação, haja vista que a sociedade contemporânea reivindica constantemente mudanças na prática educativa brasileira. Percebe-se que o professor criativo busca compreender as dificuldades, bem como suscita o desejo pelo desconhecido. Dessa forma, é fundamental que haja mudanças nas práticas metodológicas, que estas incorporem a criatividade no processo de ensinar, sendo imprescindível a percepção docente, que o conhecimento é um contínuo aprender. Na análise documental e nas entrevistas realizadas, ficou visível que a inovação ainda está relacionada às novas tecnologias, não que este fator não seja importante para mudanças nas práticas pedagógicas, porém, é fundamental que essa concepção vá além desse aspecto. Nesse contexto, deduz-se que são imprescindíveis práticas pedagógicas pautadas na dimensão global do sujeito. Essa ação requer disposição do educador no processo de ensino e aprendizagem que ultrapasse a forma linear e fragmentada de ensinar e aprender. Portanto, ao investigar as experiências pessoais e educacionais de professores, buscou-se evidenciar a memória e a subjetividade desses sujeitos, no sentido de desvelar possibilidades de ações criativas e inovadoras no processo educacional. Palavras-chave: Memória de professores. Inovação e criatividade nas práticas pedagógicas. Formação continuada. História oral. (shrink)

En este artículo se describe y comenta la concepción que Vico dejó entrever a lo largo de su obra acerca de las funciones que debería desarrollar un verdadero educador. Al rastrearlas y contemplarlas insertas dentro del conjunto de su teoría filosófico-pedagógica, es inevitable encontrar en ellas, con entusiasmo, suficientes visos de modernidad (bidireccionalidad comunicativa, no-directividad, utilidad social, paidocentrismo, humanismo ...) como para reivindicarlas y destacar con justicia su actualidad.

This monograph is a defence of the Fregean take on logic. The author argues that Frege ́s projects, in logic and philosophy of language, are essentially connected and that the formalist shift produced by the work of Peano, Boole and Schroeder and continued by Hilbert and Tarski is completely alien to Frege's approach in the Begriffsschrift. A central thesis of the book is that judgeable contents, i.e. propositions, are the primary bearers of logical properties, which makes logic embedded in our (...) conceptual system. This approach allows coherent and correct definitions of logical constants, logical consequence, and truth and connects their use to the practices of rational agents in science and everyday life. (shrink)

Some business schools have come under considerable criticism for what observers see as their complicit involvement in the corporate scandals and financial crises of the last 15 years. Much of the discussion about changes that schools might undertake has been focused on curriculum issues. However, revisiting the curriculum does not get at the root cause of the problem. Instead, it might create a new challenge: the risk of decoupling the discussion of the curriculum from broader issues of institutional purpose. In (...) this article, we argue that the most pressing need facing business schools is not to teach new courses to be responsive to social demands and stay relevant. Instead, it is to revisit their basic mission—the principles and beliefs on which they were founded—and then to re-evaluate their curriculum design choices in this light. We contrast the Spartan and Athenian educational paradigms as a way of shedding light on the nature of a coherent response. (shrink)