Le Glossaire du latin philosophique est un fichier d'environ 230.000 à 260.000 fiches consacré au vocabulaire philosophique du moyen âge. Une équipe du CNRS, au départ sous la direction de Pierre Michaud-Quantin, y a travaillé durant de nombreuses années. Récemment, il a été transporté de la Sorbonne à l'Institut de Recherche et d'Histoire des Textes, où il est désormais consultable à la Section latine. À l'occasion de l'arrivée du Glossaire du latin philosophique à l'Institut de Recherche et d'Histoire des Textes (...) et pour marquer un nouveau départ, une journée d'étude consacrée à ce fi chier a eu lieu à l'IRHT, le jeudi 15 mai 2008, sous le titre "Les innovations du vocabulaire latin à la fin du moyen âge:autour du Glossaire du latin philosophique." -- P. [4} of cover. (shrink)

Il saggio è dedicato al problema dell'omonimia del bene nei commenti all'Etica di Alberto Magno, Tommaso d'Aquino e nei cosiddetti commenti «averroisti». Dopo aver circoscritto il problema, mettendo in rilievo la critica aristotelica all'idea di Bene platonica, l'A. procede poi all'analisi della ricezione di tale nucleo concettuale nei due scritti albertini, in Ethica I, lect. V-VI e in Ethica I, tract. V, capp.11-18. L'A. dà conto della complessa rielaborazione della critica aristotelica a Platone formulata da Alberto nel suo primo commento, (...) che lo conduce ad attribuire al più celebre allievo di Socrate una teoria ibrida, in cui si fondono elementi del commento all'Etica di Eustrazio ed elementi avicenniani; nel secondo abbandona questa posizione per riavvicinarsi ad Aristotele. Tommaso è in linea con una più genuina ripresa della filosofia aristotelica, anche se siamo ben lontani da un aristotelismo schietto: la trattazione del tema dell'omonimia del bene, della partecipazione e delle idee divine vede il mescolarsi di accenti platonici e peripatetici. L'ultima sezione, dedicata ai commenti «averroisti», alla luce di un'analisi sottile dei testi, conferma il giudizio già formulato da R.-A. Gauthier, che vedeva una stretta dipendenza di questi dal commento di Tommaso d'Aquino e da Alberto Magno. In appendice si dà l'edizione dei seguenti testi: Egidio di Orléans, Questiones supra decem libros Ethicorum , q. 18 ; Supplemento al commento di Egidio di Orléans , q. 3 ; Anonimo, Questiones in Ethicam , q.19 ; Anonimo, Questiones in Ethicam , q. 16 ; «Commento del Vaticano» all'Etica Nicomachea , q. 20 ; Anonimo di Iacopo da Padova, Questiones in Ethicam , q. 19 ; Anonimo di Iacopo da Padova, Questiones in Ethicam - secondo supplemento , qq. 7-13. (shrink)

Cette étude explore la position de Thomas d'Aquin au sujet du rôle de la chair dans la transmission du péché originel. Elle montre la différence entre la position définitive de Thomas à ce sujet (notamment dans le De malo) et celle, plus proche d'Albert le Grand et de Bonaventure, qu'il avait soutenue dans son Commentaire des Sentences.

L’article étudie les théories scolastiques de l’ obstinatio des démons chez certains théologiens de la seconde moitié du xiii e siècle et du début du xiv e. On analyse, en particulier, comment ces auteurs ont caractérisé l’état de la volonté des créatures damnées : contrairement à la volonté des viatores, qui peut être bonne ou mauvaise, et à la volonté des anges, qui ne peut plus pécher, la volonté des damnés se trouve dans la situation paradoxale de causer librement, entièrement (...) ou en partie, l’acte même qui constitue leur punition et dont ils voudraient se libérer. (shrink)

The aim of this paper is to study some aspects of the Medieval Latin reception of Aristotle’s theory of pleasure. First, I introduce Aristotle’s position, with special attention to the problem of the ontological status of pleasure and the relationship between pleasure and the different genera of causes, as well as the somehow ambiguous exegesis of Michael of Ephesus. Second, I take into account the interpretation given by Albert the Great in his first commentary on the Ethics. Finally, I present (...) some theological issues raised by Albert’s interpretation, in the discussions about beatific vision. The authors taken in account are James of Viterbo, Radulphus Brito, Peter Auriol and William of Ockham. (shrink)

Da Costa and French explore the consequences of adopting a 'pragmatic' notion of truth in the philosophy of science. Their framework sheds new light on issues to do with belief, theory acceptance, and the realism-antirealism debate, as well as the nature of scientific models and their heuristic development.

How to accept a conditional? F. P. Ramsey proposed the following test in (Ramsey 1990).(RT) If A, then B must be accepted with respect to the current epistemic state iff the minimal hypothetical change of it needed to accept A also requires accepting B.

A espiritualidade é o cuidado com a vida em sua integralidade. Como define Faustino Teixeira no artigo “Malhas da hospitalidade”, ela é a _capacidade de celebrar a vida em profundidade_, ou seja, a capacidade humana de reconhecer que a vida tem uma dimensão profunda – da qual irradiam amor desinteressado, gratuidade, atenção, cortesia e hospitalidade – e de se alegrar com isso. Diferentemente do que geralmente se pensa, a espiritualidade não se restringe aos templos e espaços religiosos, antes, diz respeito (...) a pessoas e não a almas etéreas. Portanto, perpassa toda a vida cotidiana. Na atualidade, diante dos desafios dos tempos sombrios em que vivemos, tanto na dimensão política como na de saúde pública, a casa se torna um lugar privilegiado para o cultivo da espiritualidade. Neste artigo, buscamos explicitar a dimensão espiritual da comensalidade de acordo com uma análise interpretativa do filme “A Festa de Babette” (1987), dirigido por Gabriel Axel, baseado na obra homônima da escritora dinamarquesa Karen Blixen. Em nossa análise, buscamos ressaltar a compreensão ecumênica do mistério eucarístico que o filme inspira. (shrink)

This is a communication regarding the 27 th congress of the Society of Theology and Religious Studies (SOTER), held between the 15 th and 18 th of July, 2014. According to the proposition established by 2013’s assembly, the Congress assumed as common thread the relationship between spiritualties and social dynamics and also offered a debate about spirituality as endurance in times of oppression. This review highlights some topics that brought up important provocations, considering a needful depth, in order to think (...) of new perspectives in the context of the connection between religion and society. (shrink)

The Bayesian brain hypothesis, as formalized by the free-energy principle, is ascendant in cognitive science. But, how does the Bayesian brain obtain prior beliefs? Veissière and colleagues argue that sociocultural interaction is one important source. We offer a complementary model in which “interoceptive self-inference” guides the estimation of expected uncertainty both in ourselves and in our social conspecifics.

Departing from basic concepts in abstract logics, this paper introduces two concepts: conjunctive and disjunctive limits. These notions are used to formalize levels of modal operators.

Maíra Dos Santos Matthes Da Costa Au cours des dernières décennies, l’approche walzérienne de la guerre juste fit l’objet de vives critiques de la part de l’école révisionniste, qui est devenue l’approche dominante dans le débat universitaire portant sur ce sujet. Sa révision de la philosophie walzérienne de la guerre englobe deux points fondamentaux, à savoir : 1) le refus de comprendre la guerre comme une situation exceptionnelle dans laquelle nos jugements moraux se distingueraient significativement de ceux que l’on (...) formule dans des contextes de paix ; 2) le refus du dualisme moral et de l’indépendance entre des ordres de jugements concernant le jus ad bellum et le jus in bello. Dans cet article, nous allons nous pencher sur ces deux points fondamentaux, pour en conclure qu’ils proposent une conception apolitique de la guerre. (shrink)

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir a relação entre cultura e educação em Friedrich Nietzsche, filósofo conhecido pelo caráter intempestivo de seus escritos e profundo crítico de sua época. Sua abordagem da questão da educação é, na verdade, um profundo questionamento da própria função e do propósito da prática educativa, a qual ele diagnosticou como estando, já em sua época, cada vez mais submissa e atrelada aos interesses de uma economia de mercado, mero adestramento e preparação para o mercado (...) de trabalho. (shrink)

This article has a double objective that aims to situate, theoretically and empirically, children's cartography as a research methodology. In a first movement, we will situate children's cartography in its epistemological and philosophical bases, having as inspiration the cartographic conceptions of the philosophy of Deleuze & Guattari and his commentators. The introduction of cartography with children shifts our research perspectives to include dimensions that were once imperceptible or relegated to a plane of lesser value: it maps, not just what children (...) see, but what they say, and chronicles the coexistence of children and the world in ways not previously available to adult-organized research vehicles. We illustrate by chronicling two cartographic experiences carried out with children and young people from Portugal and Brazil, and finish with a reflection on how researchers might configure mapping experiences that act to open the worlds of adults and children to each other. (shrink)

Axel Honneth is internationally renowned for being one of the leading political and social philosophers of our time, and is highly regarded for his work on recognition and the struggles for recognition. In this interview, he discusses his work over the past four decades, starting from the rise of his intellectual vocation to his most recent book on the sovereignty of work. The text is a transcript, revised by the author, of the dialogue Honneth had with his interviewers and the (...) audience at the masterclass held on 24 May 2023 at the University of Trento, as part of the first series of lectures “Voices from Contemporary Philosophy”. (shrink)

: In today’s political philosophy framework, it is commonplace to associate Adam Smith with akind of theory that ignores human dispositions and considers only the self-interested perspective ofindividuals. Although this view has been widely supported in different fields – viz Philosophy andEconomy, we consider this a biased interpretation. Using the Cambridge School orientation, we explainthe importance of historical background in reading Smith’s work to argue that Smith’s writings should beinterpreted within the Scottish Enlightenment context. From this contextual approach, it is (...) possible tosustain an integrated reading of Smith’s books The Theory of Moral Sentiments (TMS) and An Inquiryinto the Nature and Cause of the Wealth of Nations (WN). This reading leads to a more faithfulinterpretation of Smith’s idea that the agent in society is morally engaged in socio-economic relations.Once this hypothesis is confirmed, we will defend a systematic analysis of Smith’s philosophy arguingthat Smith’s philosophy is a holistic system, in what we call a tripartite theory. (shrink)

The mathematical concept of pragmatic truth, first introduced in Mikenberg, da Costa and Chuaqui (1986), has received in the last few years several applications in logic and the philosophy of science. In this paper, we study the logic of pragmatic truth, and show that there are important connections between this logic, modal logic and, in particular, Jaskowski's discussive logic. In order to do so, two systems are put forward so that the notions of pragmatic validity and pragmatic truth can (...) be accommodated. One of the main results of this paper is that the logic of pragmatic truth is paraconsistent. The philosophical import of this result, which justifies the application of pragmatic truth to inconsistent settings, is also discussed. (shrink)

A translation of fourteen of Lucian's dialogues, offering a cross-section of his styles and satirical targets, from serious polemic to lighter squibs and character-portrayals. Also included are How to Write History and his most famous piece, A True History, a parody of the popular vogue for fabulous traveller's tales. Each piece has a summary introduction, and notes to clarify obscure allusions in the text. The Introduction examines in some detail Lucian's importance as a dominant Atticizer in the period of the (...) Second Sophistic, as well as his extraordinarily widespread influence on later European literature. (shrink)

Resumo: A partir de uma análise de categorias marxistas, neste artigo, quero trazer para o domínio da visibilidade a "questão da mulher" e defender que esta deve ser o fio condutor no processo de identificação de condições de possibilidade para a transformação do sistema das práticas que visam à emancipação humana, entendida como superação da lógica de dominação.: Based on an analysis of Marxist categories, I attempt in this article to bring into the domain of visibility the 'issue of women', (...) and argue that it must be the guiding thread in the process of identification of conditions of possibility for the transformation of the system of practices that aim at human emancipation, understood as overcoming the logic of domination. (shrink)

Ouvrages Cathiard Marie-Agnès & Rebière Catherine, Lecture labiale pour l’adulte devenu sourd, 1re éd., Paris, De Boeck Supérieur, 2020, 192 p. Cathiard Marie-Agnès, Vivre avec des prothèses auditives ou des implants cochléaires, éditeur Books On Demand, 2022, 192 p. Directions d’ouvrages collectifs – Ouvrages en collaboration Cathiard Marie-Agnès & Pajon Patrick, Les imaginaires du cerveau, Fernelmont, Intercommunications & Éditions Modulaires Européennes, coll. « Transversales philosophique...

Physical superpositions exist both in classical and in quantum physics. However, what is exactly meant by ‘superposition’ in each case is extremely different. In this paper we discuss some of the multiple interpretations which exist in the literature regarding superpositions in quantum mechanics. We argue that all these interpretations have something in common: they all attempt to avoid ‘contradiction’. We argue in this paper, in favor of the importance of developing a new interpretation of superpositions which takes into account contradiction, (...) as a key element of the formal structure of the theory, “right from the start”. In order to show the feasibility of our interpretational project we present an outline of a paraconsistent approach to quantum superpositions which attempts to account for the contradictory properties present in general within quantum superpositions. This approach must not be understood as a closed formal and conceptual scheme but rather as a first step towards a different type of understanding regarding quantum superpositions. (shrink)