Volume 1. Knowledge, thought, and belief before the seventh century CE -- volume 2. Knowledge, thought, and belief from the seventh through the nineteenth century.

v. 1 Qi shi ji qian Zhongguo de zhi shi, si xiang yu xin yang shi jie -- v. 2 Qi shi ji zhi shi jiu shi ji Zhongguo de zhi shi, si xiang yu xin yang shi jie.

本書主要編入了從"唐宋變革論"說到宋代思想史與文化史研究;歷史學意義上的新思想史;"前近代"."亞洲出發思考"與"作為方法的中國";清代學術史與思想史的再認識等四講內容.

The Warring States period was without doubt a time when reason thrived. The Confucians, Mohists, and Daoists, respectively, displayed three of its intellectual inclinations. One was reason with an exceptionally prominent moral flavor, and the cultivation of human character as its object. It calls on men to uphold the dignity, tranquillity, and loftiness of their inner selves. One was reason with a very strong practical flavor, and the realization of beneficent profit as its object. It leads men to address ways (...) of maintaining the stability of society, material wealth to support men's livelihoods, and individual survival. Apart from these two, there was reason that has spiritual transcendence and human immortality as its object, and which was manifested as a tendency toward anti-intellectualism. It tries to protect individual survival and freedom of the spirit, despite social pressures. As for those mystical ideas and techniques that seemed absurd, they gradually regressed into simplistic ceremonies, fables, and symbols among the cultural workers who pursued reason. The psychological attitude of "sacrificing to spirits as if they were present" led many cultural aristocrats to distance themselves from mystical ideas and techniques. Mysticism gradually disappeared from among men of culture, especially once it became increasingly difficult for those divination methods and technical arts, used merely to satisfy concrete needs, to avoid the scrutiny of reason. Some late Warring States period texts can help us understand the direction this way of thinking took. "Xian xue" in the Hanfeizi says,When the shaman priests pray for someone, they say, "May you live a thousand autumns and ten thousand years!" But the "thousand autumns and ten thousand years" are only a noise dinning on the ear: No one has ever proven [zheng] that such prayers add so much as a day to anyone"s life. For this reason people despise the shaman priests.". (shrink)

As historiographical studies on ancient China gradually move from the center to the margins of the public's field of vision, research on historiographical studies concerning ancient China have been undergoing some unusual changes. A truly considerable quantity of bamboo slip and silk manuscripts have either been discovered by archaeologists or accidentally unearthed in the last twenty years. Although these have been made public very slowly, even maddeningly so, the few of them that have appeared before the world in the course (...) of time have again and again both elated relatively sensitive historiographers and placed them in a quandary. They also have once and again confronted the system of ancient history that had been regarded as "final" with the prospect of utter collapse and the need to be rewritten. After the Mozuizi discoveries in Gansu in the 1950s, there were those of Mawangdui, Yinqueshan, and Shuihudi in the 1970s, and those of Shuanggudui, Bajiaolang, Zhangjiashan, and Baoshan in the 1980s; and it is said that there were astounding discoveries, though not yet made public, at Jingmen and Lianyungang in the 1990s. These "bamboo slip and silk manuscripts" that touch upon almost every aspect of the pre-Qin and Han areas of "the schools of the various masters," "number lore" , "prescriptive techniques" , "law," and "institutions" make us ask ourselves in astonishment: How many more mysteries of ancient China are still buried under the ground? (shrink)

The Daoists were different from the Confucians and Mohists. If we say that the latter already were "famous schools" at the beginning of the Warring States period , then the Daoists of that time may not have been a school with clear lines of transmission. Even their thought may not have been that consistent or clearly delineated. The reason for this is probably because the Confucians, with their teacher-student relationships formed through education, and the Mohists, with their superior-inferior relationships formed (...) through their organization, were able to untangle the strands of inheritance and transmission through time in the history of their thought. But the Daoists found it almost impossible to determine the traces of their origins and transmission. We can only say that, at that time, there were a group of elite thinkers who had generally consistent ways of thinking and intellectual interests, and that these ways of thinking and interests became a particular trend of thought. (shrink)

During recent decades China has been visited by various "heats": the "Culture Heat" in the mid-1980s, the "Cultural Criticism Heat" in the late 1980s, the "Mao Zedong Heat" in the early 1990s, the "Chinese Traditional Studies Heat" in the late 1990s, and the "Old Three Classes Culture Heat" also in this decade, to name only the most prevalent. It is not always clear when and how a hot topic turns into a "heat," precisely what is burning, and how to handle (...) it. "Heats" are cultural movements, difficult to grasp and controversial among intellectuals: To some they are a hearth to turn to, to others a disaster to flee. (shrink)

As historiographical studies on ancient China gradually move from the center to the margins of the public's field of vision, research on historiographical studies concerning ancient China have been undergoing some unusual changes. A truly considerable quantity of bamboo slip and silk manuscripts have either been discovered by archaeologists or accidentally unearthed in the last twenty years. Although these have been made public very slowly, even maddeningly so, the few of them that have appeared before the world in the course (...) of time have again and again both elated relatively sensitive historiographers and placed them in a quandary. They also have once and again confronted the system of ancient history that had been regarded as "final" with the prospect of utter collapse and the need to be rewritten. After the Mozuizi discoveries in Gansu in the 1950s, there were those of Mawangdui, Yinqueshan, and Shuihudi in the 1970s, and those of Shuanggudui, Bajiaolang, Zhangjiashan, and Baoshan in the 1980s; and it is said that there were astounding discoveries, though not yet made public, at Jingmen and Lianyungang in the 1990s. These "bamboo slip and silk manuscripts" that touch upon almost every aspect of the pre-Qin and Han areas of "the schools of the various masters," "number lore" (shu shu), "prescriptive techniques" (fang ji), "law," and "institutions" make us ask ourselves in astonishment: How many more mysteries of ancient China are still buried under the ground? (shrink)

Treatise on Navya-Nyāya philosophy; portion dealing with definition of invariable concomitance (vyāpti); includes two classical commentaries.

v. 1. Genèse de la personne -- v. 2. Le lieu de la personne.

Près d'une trentaine d'articles sur les idées politiques de Gérard Bergeron et sur la politique en général.

This study investigates how board size and occupational background of directors differentially influence social performance in for-profit and non-profit organizations. Using data from California hospitals, we develop a quantitative measure of social performance and provide the following empirical evidence. First, board size is negatively (positively) associated with social performance in for-profit (non-profit) hospitals. Second, the presence of government officials on the board is negatively (positively) related to social performance in for-profit (non-profit) hospitals. Third, representation of physicians on the board is (...) positively associated with social performance in for-profit hospitals, whereas their presence is not significantly related to social performance in non-profit hospitals. Our findings highlight the different effects of governance mechanisms on social performance in for-profit and non-profit organizations. (shrink)

This work is the intellectual biography of the greatest of American philosophers. Peirce was not only a pioneer in logic and the creator of a philosophical movement pragmatism he also proposed a phenomenological theory, quite different from that of Husserl, but equal in profundity; and long before Saussure, and in a totally different spirit, a semiotic theory whose present interest owes nothing to passing fashion and everything to its fecundity. Throughout his life Peirce wrote continually about sign and phenomenon (or (...) phaneron). Consequently his writings must be studied chronologically if they are not to appear incomprehensible or contradictory. One of the merits of this book is to clarify Peirce's thought by analysing its development chronologically. We follow the evolution of Peirce's thought from his critique of Kantian logic and Cartesianism (Chap. I, “Leaving the Cave”: 1851-1870) to his discovery of modern logic and pragmatism (Chap. II, “The Eclipse of the Sun”: 1870-1887) and finally to a semiotic founded on a phenomenology the base of which is the logic of relations and the crowning-point scientific metaphysics (Chap. III, “The Sun Set Free”: 1887-1914). The book includes a detailed chronology, a general bibliography, and an index. (shrink)

Basic work, with 15th century commentary, of the neo-Nyaya school in Indic philosophy; portion dealing with analogy (upamāna).

" L'état social n'est avantageux aux hommes qu'autant qu'ils ont tous quelque chose et qu'aucun d'eux n'a rien de trop " écrit Rousseau. Une certaine redistribution des richesses est donc le préalable obligé d'une vie politique qui ne tourne pas à la domination des uns sur les autres. Le présent essai retrace la genèse de l'inégalité telle que Rousseau la conçoit et en analyse les conséquences. Rousseau ou la révolution impossible constitue ainsi une introduction à la lecture du Discours sur (...) l'origine de l'inégalité et du Contrat social. Mais, par delà l'éclairage apporté à des textes parfois difficiles, tous ceux qui ne se satisfont pas du cours pris par la vie politique dans les démocraties contemporaines devraient y trouver de quoi nourrir leur réflexion critique. (shrink)

本文全文包括导言、正文、结束语三个部分,其中正文又是由“法与理性”、“法与实践理性”、“法律实践中的理性”三个部分组成。.

La quatrième de couverture indique : "Rousseau a exploré de nombreux domaines - l'histoire, la morale, la politique, la liberté individuelle - et sous des formes variées : discours, roman, traité, lettre. Ce livre fait voir comment, sous une diversité d'écriture où le littéraire et le philosophique se confortent mutuellement, Rousseau a réfléchi sur des problèmes majeurs de la philosophie moderne pour construire une oeuvre profondément une et cohérente, organisée autour de la théorie politique et dominée par la recherche de (...) la vérité.". (shrink)

La question “qu'est-ce que l'homme, quelle est sa place dans le cosmos?” a occupé Scheler sa vie durant. Cette question, qu'il qualifie de métaphysique, possède chez lui non seulement une portée éthique mais est indissociable d'une critique de la civilisation. Elle se pose au regard d'une époque dans laquelle l'essence de l'homme est “devenue plus problématique que jamais”. Scheler en rend responsable le positivisme, le pragmatisme et l'évolutionnisme. C'est au cours de ce débat entre ces courants de pensée et les (...) sciences naturelles qu'il élabore son anthropologie philosophique, à laquelle il assigne la mission d'être une “métanthropologie”, c'est-à-dire de redonner sa place à une métaphysique qui prend l'homme pour centre. L'ouvrage rassemble des études originales, en français et en allemand, qui s'efforcent de dresser un bilan de la contribution philosophique de Max Scheler entre 1915 et 1925. (shrink)

葛荣晋(1935~ ),中国人民大学哲学系教授、博士生导师,东方文化研究所所长.

Ce travail volumineux éclaire la notion de croyance, non pas au sens réduit de conviction de type religieux, mais au sens, très généralement psycho-noétique, de modalité subjective de l'assentiment. Suivant une méthode à la fois humble et des plus universitaire, il reprend les doctrines établies de l'histoire de la philosophie d'Orient et d'Occident, et il en médite et interprète les grands textes ; une démarche qui n'en permet pas moins à une pensée originale de "mûrir".

Portion of Pratyakṣakhaṇḍa of Tattvacintāmaṇi, compendium of Navya Nyāya philosophy by Gaṅgeśa, 13th century with Dīpikā commentary.

Critical edition of the portion of Tattvacintāmaṇi of Gaṅgésa, 13th cent., basic work on Hindu logic and epistemology of the neo-Nyaya school in Hindu philosophy.

Basic work, with commentaries, on Hindu logic and epistemology of the neo-Nyaya school in Hindu philosophy.

On trouve chez Héraclite la première — et décisive — élaboration du lien unissant le concept à l'action : il met ensemble Logos et Polemos, le discours et la guerre. Parcourir, comme le fait ce livre, le devenir de la parole de raison (logos) dans son rapport avec le conflit dans les choses, c'est à la fois comprendre le statut de ce genre particulier de pensée qu'est le logos philosophique et le caractère propre de la pensée des Européens. Né en (...) Grèce d'Asie, le logos philosophique s'est finalement rétabli en Europe occidentale, après une longue éclipse médiévale, à la faveur d'une vaste migration à laquelle, d'Orient en Occident, ont pris part juifs, chrétiens et musulmans. Il en est ainsi parce que le logos des origines — logos philosophique d'Héraclite à Marc Aurèle — a fait l'objet d'un détournement théologique : le logos-raison est devenu, au tournant des Ie et IIe siècles de notre ère, le Christ-Logos. Dès lors, les apologètes chrétiens ont pratiqué un vaste larcin en élaborant la figure paradoxale d'un logos de l'ineffable : ce n'est plus le raisonnement qui établit le vrai, c'est la révélation. Ils l'ont construit non comme religion mais comme "philosophie chrétienne", polémiquant ainsi contre le logos "païen". Une opération qui substitua, aux temps médiévaux, le théologico-politique à la philosophie. En pistant les effets politiques du larcin chrétien sur le devenir des Européens, ce livre manifeste à la fois l'essence polémique de la philosophie, et comment les Européens ont rejeté, notamment au sein des universités de Paris et d'Oxford à partir du XIIIe siècle, la captation chrétienne du logos héraclitéen. Une opération violente par où le théologico-politique s'est finalement effacé devant la philosophie, et l'Eglise devant l'Etat moderne. (shrink)