Un amer constat paraît traverser l’air du temps, peut-être même le constitue-t-il. Les alertes et l’urgence face aux problèmes constitutifs de notre modernité se redoublent et se démultiplient, aussi bien quantitativement que qualitativement, fruits d’une interdépendance qui appelle des catastrophes en chaîne, sans que semble pouvoir pointer, même à l’horizon, ce spectre de réponses capables d’apaiser la détresse environnante, actuelle et à venir. Non pas que ces réponses soient impossibles :...

Degradation of eukaryotic RNAs that contain premature termination codons (PTC) during nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is initiated by RNA decapping or endonucleolytic cleavage driven by conserved factors. Models for NMD mechanisms, including recognition of PTCs or the timing and role of protein phosphorylation for RNA degradation are challenged by new results. For example, the depletion of the SMG5/7 heterodimer, thought to activate RNA degradation by decapping, leads to a phenotype showing a defect of endonucleolytic activity of NMD complexes. This phenotype (...) is not correlated to a decreased binding of the endonuclease SMG6 with the core NMD factor UPF1, suggesting that it is the result of an imbalance between active (e.g., in polysomes) and inactive (e.g., in RNA‐protein condensates) states of NMD complexes. Such imbalance between multiple complexes is not restricted to NMD and should be taken into account when establishing causal links between gene function perturbation and observed phenotypes. (shrink)

Selon différentes conceptions du genre et des parcours de transition, toujours singulières mais empreintes d’attentes sociales, l’enveloppe corporelle du sujet transgenre se métamorphose. Lors d’entretiens de recherche et d’épreuves projectives (Rorschach et tat ), deux jeunes adultes transgenres aux profils psychopathologiques névrotiques présentaient une sensibilité marquée aux normes, à la morale et aux attentes sociétales. La légitimité, la culpabilité et la honte étaient des problématiques redondantes. Différents temps de transitions subjectives, familiales, sociales et corporelles se sont trouvés en jeu : (...) le passage à l’âge adulte, une vie étudiante hors du giron familial. Ces deux situations illustrent une discussion sur les transitions du corps et des enveloppes chez des sujets transgenres, entre seconde peau et moi-peau corsets. (shrink)

Time is a critical issue for organizations, especially for healthcare organizations. In the last three decades, concerns over the transformation of healthcare organizations have increasingly gained attention in the literature, indicating how task duration has been reduced to improve clinical-workflow efficiency. This article seeks to raise questions about the experience of acceleration and the ways in which this brings ethical implications to the fore for health professionals within healthcare organizations. Current approaches to acceleration fail to place ethical considerations as their (...) central concern. This article, drawing on the theory of social acceleration and dynamic stabilization of Hartmut Rosa, offers a deeper analysis of ethical perspectives concerning acceleration. To do so, we draw on an in-depth case study, ethnographic immersion, and 48 semi-structured interviews with professionals within a French public hospital. We also carried out 20 telephonic interviews with directors in different hospitals of various sizes. We contribute to the literature by critically exploring the intersection between the experience of acceleration and ethics. We identify four broad categories of ethical implications for health professionals: the expected flexibility of directors facing uncertainty; the erosion of the ethics of care; the process of mechanistic dehumanization; and the adverse effects of speed on emotional work and workers’ well-being. (shrink)

Food systems are made of a myriad of actors, visions and interests. Collaborative governance arrangement may foster their transformation towards greater sustainability when conventional means, such as state-oriented planning, technological developments or social innovations provide insufficient impetus. However, such arrangements may achieve transformative results only under certain conditions and in specific contexts. Despite an abundant literature on participatory schemes, the success for collaborative governance arrangements remains partially understood and deserves academic attention, in particular in the field of food systems reform. (...) This article provides an in-depth analysis of an empirical case study in the Walloon Region (Belgium), where the administration for sustainable development initiated a six-month participatory process to collectively construct a roadmap towards a sustainable regional food system. The article explores the extent to which the process has allowed transformative voices to emerge, and assesses whether the outcome provides a promising tool for adopting a transformative policy at the regional scale. It argues that the facilitation process insufficiently attenuated existing power relations and highlights key underlying factors (including time, resources, expertise and coalition building) that, like in classical negotiation settings, strengthen or weaken specific actors. It discusses the link between the results of the participatory process and the potential for policy-makers to build upon these to guide further the region’s food system towards a sustainable future. (shrink)

Résumé D’une multiplicité inhérente à la pratique de la danse contemporaine, nous dessinerons les contours de l’interprète, les graphies d’un danseur, des deux dimensions du papier aux trois dimensions du corps et du plateau. De l’écriture à l’interprétation, de la composition à la réception en passant par des notions de transmission ou de traduction et au sein de quelques réalisations chorégraphiques, nous analyserons des processus, par le biais de la description kinesthésique, relative à la sensation et la construction du mouvement (...) dansé. (shrink)

Image has been considered an influential factor in tourists’ perceptions and evaluations of a destination. This paper analyzes the formation of the tourist destination image of Segóbriga Archaeological Park, a cultural destination of great heritage value, located in the province of Cuenca (Spain). The image is analyzed using a multidimensional approach, considering not only its cognitive and affective components, but also the unique-image component. The latter has received less attention in the literature and is a novelty in the context of (...) this type of cultural destination. The results show that this component is essential to the overall image of an archaeological destination and that it is not influenced by information sources. PLS-SEM was used. (shrink)

La religión ha sido la institución más afectada por la pluralización de la realidad social. Esto es debido a que el papel simbólico y global de la religión, en tanto que institución integradora y significativa, queda socavado desde la plausibilidad de sus definiciones sociales de la realidad. La causa de esta situación se encuentra en que las personas viven -conciencia subjetiva- nuevos roles institucionales, nuevos esquemas interpretativos, nuevos valores y creencias. Sin embargo, si algo permanece invariablemente constante en la vida (...) diaria de las personas es, afirma Berger, el temor a las situaciones marginales y a la anomia. Ni el proceso de secularización con sus universos simbólicos (filosofía diurna y teodiceas seculares), ni el resurgimiento religioso y global (desecularización público-política) han podido dar una explicación plausible y convincente de estos fenómenos que tanto afectan a la conciencia y a las identidades subjetivas de los individuos. En este sentido, y tras el fracaso de las anteriores cosmovisiones en su intento de dotar de sentido a la realidad y la vida ordinaria de las personas, Berger recurre a una nueva instauración del «nomos religioso» Religion has been the institution most affected by the plurarization of social reality. This is because the overall symbolic role of religion as an institution inclusive and meaningful, is undermined from the plausibility of their social definitions of reality. The cause of this situation is that people live-subjetive consciousness-new institutional roles, new interpretative schemes, new values and beliefs. If something always remains constant in the daily lives of the people, says Berger, the fear of marginal situations and anomie. Neither the process of secularization with its symbolic universe (diurnal philosophy and secular theodicies) and the religious revival and global (desecularization public-politic) could give a plausible and convincing explication of these phenomena that affect the subjective consciousness and identity of individuals. In this regard, and after the failure of previous worldviews in their attempt to give meaning to reality and the ordinary life of people, Berger uses a new establishment of «nomos religioso». (shrink)

Subjective reports and theories about memory may have an influence on other beliefs and behaviours. Patients with schizophrenia suffer a wide range of deficits affecting their awareness of daily life, including memory. With the Metamemory Inventory in Adulthood we ascertained patients’ memory knowledge and thoughts about their own cognitive capacities and about several aspects of cognitive functioning: personal capacities, knowledge of processes, use of strategies, perceived change with ageing, anxiety, motivation and mastery. The participants’ ratings were correlated with their intellectual, (...) cognitive and psychiatric data. Patients felt they had a lower capacity and marginally lower mastery over their memory than comparison subjects. They reported less recourse to strategies, and higher levels of memory-related anxiety. However, their knowledge of basic memory processes, motivation to succeed, and perception of ageing effects were similar. So patients with schizophrenia do not suffer a general and non specific impairment of their metacognitive knowledge. (shrink)

Cette contribution étudie les caractéristiques de la Convention citoyenne pour le climat en tant que nouvelle procédure participative. Confrontée aux catégories du droit de l’environnement, ainsi qu’à d’autres modèles informels qui l’ont précédée, elle affirme sa singularité. Son intégration particulière dans le processus normatif y participe également. En effet, la traduction juridique des propositions de la Convention est déjà amorcée. En outre, la réforme en cours du Conseil économique, social et environnemental devrait pérenniser l’organisation de délibérations entre citoyens tirés au (...) sort, inscrivant ainsi le prototype de la Convention pour le climat dans un dispositif participatif renouvelé. (shrink)

Fénelon’s letters to Madame Guyon show Eros, the life drive that aims a joyful creation, intimately dialoguing with the deadly asceticism: Thanatos. This polarity is indeed required by quietism. The idea is, by reaching the end of Thanatos ("the weakness of man" - his annihilation), to glimpse Eros ("the craziest hope" of uniting with God). The letters are structured thematically around this wager of the "union" in the "death" and provide us with the opportunity to explore the genesis of Fénelon’s (...) writing’s most radical stakes: a contradictory relationship to life and death drives and its effect on repetition. Throughout these letters, Fénelon evokes his famous "dryness", turning him into "a boat that has neither oars nor sails", and which has since been studied as a death drive. Written between 1689 and 1690, the letters give an insight on the origins of the link between mysticism, psychoanalysis and stylistics in Fénelon’s work. They teach us that in this epistolary relationship lived and narrated as exceptional by both Guyon and Fénelon, the life drive finds an anchor point and, as a result, the literary value of repetitions is diminished. If redundancies always express as much as elsewhere the dogma of pure love or death instinct - which the correspondents never cease to gloss, the impulse of life is slightly expressed, dried up by the love confessions. Fenelon definitively seals the Eros and Thanatos’s marriage through the expression "to die of envy". Once this marriage pronounced, the writing has no more reason to start. It stops. (shrink)

The monster and the woman thus find themselves on the same side, the side of dissimilarity. “The female is as it were a deformed male,” added Aristotle . As she belongs to the category of the different, the female can only contribute more figures of dissimilarities, if not creatures even more monstrous. But the female is a necessary departure from the norm, a useful monstrosity. The monster is gratuitous and useless for future generations. Aristotle’s seminal work on the generation of (...) monsters posited a rigorously physical definition that was not necessarily linked to deformities: “Monstrosities,” he wrote, “come under the class of offspring which is unlike its parents” . Further, while a “monstrosity, of course, belongs to the class of ‘things contrary to Nature,’ … it is contrary not to Nature in her entirety but only to Nature in the generality of cases” .The monster, defined repeatedly by its lack of resemblance to its legitimate parents, is also monstrous in another important way, one that Aristotle described as a false resemblance to different species: “People say that the offspring which is formed has the head of a ram or an ox; and similarly with other creatures, that one has the head of another.… at the same time, in no case are they what they are alleged to be, but resemblances only” . The monster is thus a double imposture. Its strange appearance—a misleading likeness to another species, for example—belies the otherwise rigorous law that children should resemble their parents. Further, monsters offer striking similarities to categories to which they are not related, blurring the differences between genres, and disrupting the rigorous order of nature. Thus, if the monster were defined in the first place as that which did not resemble him who engendered it, it nevertheless displayed some sort of resemblance, albeit a false resemblance to an object external to its conception. Marie-Hélène Huet is William R. Kenan Professor of Romance Languages at Amherst College. She is the author of Rehearsing the Revolution: The Staging of Marat’s Death, 1793-1797 and is currently completing a book on literature and tetratology. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Diacritics 30.3 (2000) 28-39 [Access article in PDF] Chateaubriand and the Politics of (Im)mortality Marie-hélène Huet In the twenty-sixth book of his Mémoires d'outre-tombe, Chateaubriand recounts his 1821 arrival at the French embassy in Berlin. He cites a flattering portrait of him written by the Baroness of Hohenhausen and published in the morning press on March 22: "M. de Chateaubriand is of a somewhat short, yet slender, stature. (...) His oval face has an expression of reverence and melancholy. He has black hair and black eyes that glow with the fire of his mind." 1 At this point, Chateaubriand flatly adds: "Mais j'ai les cheveux blancs; j'ai plus d'un siècle, en outre, je suis mort" ("But I have white hair; I am more than a century old, besides, I am dead") [2:39]. 2 Of course, those startling words, "en outre, je suis mort" do not refer to the year 1821, nor to the time Chateaubriand is writing this account. Rather, they refer to the time we, readers, turn to this specific page of the Mémoires: as you are reading this, Chateaubriand reminds us, I am dead. The words wrest us away from the event he is relating, his arrival in Berlin, to remind us in the most direct terms that our reading of these words necessarily entails the death of their author. Moreover, the French en outre brings us back to the very title of the Mémoires d'outre-tombe: outre-tombe, from beyond the grave.In 1836, Chateaubriand signed a contract with a society of shareholders: in exchange for an immediate payment of 156,000 francs and a life annuity, he sold "the literary ownership of his Mémoires as they existed and as they would exist at his death." 3 Commenting on this transaction, Maurice Levaillant notes: "With this agreement, Chateaubriand bought material security at the price of a concession that he never got over: instead of appearing after a period he had first prescribed as fifty years after his death, his Mémoires would suddenly appear, so to speak, live from his grave" [xv]. As Chateaubriand put it in his avant-propos, the publication would take place "as soon as my bell tolls!" [1:1].The contract for the Mémoires is described as a painful necessity: "No one can know how much I have suffered from having been required to mortgage my grave" [1:1]. The formula "mortgage my grave" is suggestive in that it metonymically shifts the object of economic exchange from the work being sold, that is, the Mémoires, to the grave, which Chateaubriand always associated with literary creation. Indeed, the association between memoirs and tomb that provides the title of the work is echoed and amplified by a constant relation within the text between the grave and the act of writing. [End Page 28]In the avant-propos, a few lines after lamenting the mortgaging of his grave, Chateaubriand also reports that he has secured an islet in the bay of Saint-Malo, the Grand-Bé, to serve as his burial site. 4 Proposing an arrangement rigorously parallel to the desired legal agreement for the Mémoires, he adds that, should he die outside of France: "I wish that my body not be brought back to my homeland until fifty years after an initial burial" [1:3]. A half-century of silent mourning seemed to be the ideal length of time for the public to wait before discovering, and possibly disturbing, both his mortal remains and his immortal work.Not that this intimate relationship between death and writing resulted from the specific circumstances of the Mémoires. Twenty years earlier, in the second preface to the Essai sur les Révolutions, Chateaubriand had already described himself as "a writer who believed he had reached the end of his life, and who, in the destitution of exile, had nowhere to write, but upon his own gravestone" [7]. The tomb stands for death, just as it stands for Chateaubriand's creative works. In an essay... (shrink)

La idea de esta comunicación es hacer un breve análisis sobre cómo diferentes formas de injusticas se ven configuradas por el lenguaje y dirigidas siempre por la identidad social. Partiré de la ontología social que defiende Haslanger para examinar qué papel asume el lenguaje en tanto que técnica cultural y práctica concreta en la consumación de injusticias, intentado responder a las siguientes preguntas: ¿cómo interviene el lenguaje en la ontología social, es decir, en la construcción de entidades sociales? ¿son los (...) términos que refieren a los tipos sociales descriptivos o normativos? ¿cómo se vincula el uso del lenguaje con el fortalecimiento y la constitución de ideologías? El objetivo es sacar a relucir en qué medida ciertas condiciones para la agencia están bloqueadas o predeterminadas por elementos culturales o estructurales y examinar en qué medida considerarlo a través de este esquema puede ofrecer al menos algunas vías de acción que, empezando por señalar el problema, puedan dar lugar a algunas respuestas críticas. (shrink)

El Sistema para la Autonomía y Atención a la Dependencia, es un recurso de enorme calado cuyo proceso de implementación y optimización está sometido a permanentes debates sobre sus necesidades de reforma. En este artículo se ofrecen resultados de aplicación de una encuesta a personas en situación de dependencia y un estudio Delphi a personas expertas. Los resultados arrojan tres elementos clave poco tratados en la literatura sobre el tema: 1. En términos demográficos, existe un amplio grupo poblacional potencialmente relacionado (...) con el SAAD, pero fuera de su radio de acción. 2. La incertidumbre, como variable de análisis, explica en gran parte la posición de los usuarios ante el sistema, en sus diferentes etapas. 3. El medio rural es básico para la reforma del SAAD, constituyéndose en sí mismo como un foco de dificultad, pero también una herramienta de transformación. (shrink)

Environmental functions are defined as the possible uses of the non-human-made physical surroundings on which humanity is entirely dependent. Competing functions are by definition economic goods, indeed the most fundamental humanity disposes of. Environmental sustainability is defined as the dynamic equilibrium by which vital environmental functions remain available for future generations. Environmentally sustainable national income (eSNI) is defined as the maximum attainable production level by which vital environmental functions remain available for future generations. Thus the eSNI provides information about the (...) distance between the current and a sustainable situation. In combination with the standard national income (NI), the eSNI indicates whether the part of the production that is not based on sustainable use of the environment is increasing or decreasing in the course of time. Calculation of the eSNI involves the use of environmental models and a static general economic equilibrium model. It is shown that asymmetric entries are obscuring what is happening with both environment and production and that there is no conflict between employment and safeguarding the environment. (shrink)

Different forms of oppression are exercised in the manosphere, some explicit and intentional and others implicit and structural. In this paper I assess, from a structural approach, the role that active ignorance plays in maintaining epistemic oppression on these websites, and to what extent this constitutes an obstacle to critical thinking. My argument is that the polarization motivated by the dynamics of the Internet promotes active ignorance, and consequently the resilience of unjust forms of organization is reinforced. Due to this, (...) the space for critical reasoning is limited. (shrink)

Dans de nombreux domaines, la transparence s’est imposée comme un élément incontournable. Qu’en est-il de son application à la science, et plus particulièrement à l’expertise scientifique en tant que contexte paradigmatique des relations entre science et société ? En analysant le cas des controverses publiques sur le réchauffement climatique d’origine anthropique, cet article veut souligner les difficultés de mise en œuvre de la transparence pour formuler une éthique de l’expertise et proposer des pistes pour y remédier.