Policies to promote the usage of energy-saving vehicles, such as electric vehicles and hybrids, were introduced and implemented in many countries due to increasing awareness of the potential benefits of such vehicles on environmental and energy conservation. However, despite consumers’ claims of their concerns and positive attitudes toward environmental issues, those claims have not been translated into energy-saving vehicles’ purchasing behavior. Prior studies neglected the interrelationship between consumer ethnocentrism, perceived value, and consumer knowledge in influencing consumer behavior, including pro-environmental behavior. (...) This study examines the relationship between CE, PV, CK, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude and intention to purchase domestic energy-saving vehicles. A total of 396 completed questionnaires were collected through convenience sampling in Xuzhou, China. The survey data were subjected to descriptive analysis and analysis of variance using SPSS. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were utilized for the hypotheses testing. The results revealed that CE positively influenced PV and CK; PV and CK positively influenced PU and PEU. CK positively influenced PV, while PU and PEU positively influenced attitude and intention, and PEU was shown to influence PU. Furthermore, attitude was shown to significantly influence intention to purchase domestic energy-saving vehicles. Lastly, the theoretical and practical implications of the outcomes were discussed, including the limitations of the research. (shrink)

Chu tu wen xian yu ru dao guan xi " nei rong jian jie: ru dao guan xi shi yi xiang gui mo hong da de yan jiu ke ti, ta she ji daozheng ge Zhongguo si xiang shi de nei zai jie gou he fa zhan guo cheng, she ji dao Zhongguo wen hua jin hou de zou xiang, yi yi zhong da. Er shi shi ji yi hou, yi huo de le shu liang ke guan de yan jiu (...) cheng guo. Zui jin chu tu wen xian de da liang yong xian you wei zhe ge wen ti de tao lun ti gong le xu duo xin cai liao, xin shi ye, xin guian dian."Chu tu wen xian yu ru dao guan xi " shou ji le 30 duo pian you dai biao xing de lun wen, tong guo "Kong Lao Meng Zhuang zhi bian", "Ru dao hu bu yu ying xiang", "Chu tu wen xian xin shi ye" san ge ban kuai jia yi cheng xian, xi wang du zhe jie ci dui yi wang ru dao guan xi yan jiu de fa zhan mai luo yu kuang jia you zong ti de ba wo, bing you ci kai chu xin de yan jiu tian di. (shrink)

Stroke and other neurological disorders have an effect on mobility which has a significant impact on independence and quality of life. The core rehabilitation requirements for patients with lower limb motor dysfunction are gait training, restand, and mobility. In this work, we introduce a newly developed multifunctional wheelchair that we call “ReChair” and evaluated its performance preliminarily. ReChair seamlessly integrates the mobility, gait training, and multiposture transformation. ReChair driving and multiposture transformation are done using the voice, button, and mobile terminal (...) control. This work describes the functional requirements, mechanical structure, and control system and the overall evaluation of ReChair including the kinematic simulation of the multiposture transformation and passive lower limb rehabilitation training to quantitatively verify the motion capability of ReChair, the voice control system evaluation that shows how the voice recognition system is suitable for home environment, the sensorless speed detection test results that indicate how the wheel speeds measured by sensorless method are appropriate for travelling control, and the passive and balance training test results that show how the lower limb rehabilitation training in daily life by ReChair is convenient. Finally, the experimental results show that ReChair meets the patients’ requirements and has practical significance. It is cost-effective, easy to use, and supports multiple control modes to adapt to different rehabilitation phases. (shrink)

This exploratory study employs the Defining Issues Test to investigate the moral reasoning levels of a sample of 228 accounting students at Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, and 192 accounting practitioners from different regions of China. The results show that on average, the P scores of Chinese accounting students and practitioners are 45.02 and 33.57, respectively. When compared with the levels of moral reasoning of their peers in Western countries, as provided in Tables 1 and 2 of Bailey et al. :1–26, (...) 2010), Chinese accounting students exhibit post-conventional levels of moral development similar to the highest levels reported, whereas Chinese accounting practitioners report post-conventional levels of moral development similar to the lowest levels of post-conventional moral development reported by the practitioners in Western countries. Furthermore, female Chinese accounting students score significantly higher on the post-conventional level of the development stage than do the male Chinese students, but there is no significant gender effect in P scores between the male and female accounting practitioners. (shrink)

This study examined the correlation between depressive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, and social support before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and verified causal relationships among them. The study used Social Support Scale and Symptom Self-Rating Scale to investigate relevant variables. A total of 1,414 employees from company were recruited for this longitudinal study, which a follow up study was conducted on the same group of participants 1 year later. Paired sample t-test results showed that significant differences were only found in social (...) support, not in depressive symptoms or interpersonal sensitivity. The results of correlation analysis showed that social support, depressive symptoms, and interpersonal sensitivity were significantly correlated between wave 1 and wave 2. The cross-lag autoregressive pathway showed that employees’ social support level, depressive symptoms, and interpersonal sensitivity all showed moderate stability. Crossing paths showed that wave 1 social support could significantly predict wave 2 depressive symptoms and wave 2 interpersonal sensitivity. Wave 1 depressive symptoms could significantly predict wave 2 social support, while wave 1 interpersonal sensitivity could not predict wave 2 social support. Social support can be considered as a protective factor against mental health problems. (shrink)

本书内容包括:当代军人的世界观、当代军人的时代观、当代军人的国家观、当代军人的安全观、当代军人的战争观、当代军人的使命观等。.

This study investigated gesture–speech integration among adolescents who are deaf or hard of hearing and those with typical hearing. Thirty-eight adolescents performed a Stroop-like task in which they watched 120 short video clips of gestures and actions twice at random. Participants were asked to press one button if the visual content of the speaker’s movements was related to a written word and to press another button if it was unrelated to a written word while accuracy rates and response times were (...) recorded. We found stronger GSI effects among DHH participants than hearing participants. The semantic congruency effect was significantly larger in DHH participants than in hearing participants, and results of our experiments indicated a significantly larger gender congruency effect in DHH participants as compared to hearing participants. Results of this study shed light on GSI among DHH individuals and suggest future avenues for research examining the impact of gesture on language processing and communication in this population. (shrink)

Most previous empirical studies just addressed the influence of geographical proximity on interactive learning regarding the collaboration between knowledge-intensive business service and manufacturing industries. Drawing upon the social cognitive and knowledge-based perspective, this study bridged the research gaps by investigating the joint effects of geographical proximity and two representative non-geographic-proximities in fostering manufacturing firms’ innovation performance. In terms of the empirical analysis, we applied a research sample that involves the data of various manufacturing industries in 260 cities of China from (...) 2003 to 2014 to test the corresponding hypotheses. Additionally, the Spatial Durbin Model was adopted and the research findings showed that: the geographic and social proximity significantly promote the knowledge transfer from KIBS to manufacturing firms, which further improves the innovation performance of the latter. However, the effect of cognitive proximity presents insignificant; the interactive effect of geographic and social proximity was positively associated with the innovation collaboration between KIBS and manufacturing firms; although the individual effect of cognitive proximity was insignificant, when it interacted with geographic or social proximity, the joint effects were proved to promote the innovation performance of manufacturing firms. This study extends our understanding pertaining to the influencing mechanism of proximity for KIBS and the innovation process. The findings proved that geographic and social proximity are two imperative facilitators of knowledge-creating collaboration, highlighting their indispensable role in moderating and mediating the knowledge transfer of KIBS as well as the innovation performance of manufacturing firms. Notably, cognitive proximity is contingent upon geographic and social proximity on its positive effects on the innovation performance for KIBS and their clients’ collaboration. (shrink)

本书力图站在思想和历史的高度,以评传的手法,真实、准确、形象地速写黄宗羲的生平、思想、学术。.

本书介绍了陈献章一生的基本情况。内容包括乡试第九、临川求学、会试公案、翰林检讨、诗文书法等。.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association of standing balance with cognitive functions and the rate of cognitive decline among middle-aged and older Chinese adults.MethodsParticipants were selected from China’s Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A total of 8,499 subjects aged ≥45 years who participated in wave 1 to wave 3 surveys were included in the final analysis. Standing balance was measured using the tandem test, and participants were categorized into two groups according to their ability to maintain standing balance. Cognitive functions were assessed (...) in three domains: episodic memory, mental status, and global cognition. The associations between standing balance scores, cognitive scores, and the rate of cognitive decline were evaluated using linear regression and linear mixed models.ResultsCompared with participants who successfully completed the standing balance test, those who were unable to complete the test had lower scores on episodic memory [β = −0.18; 95% confidence interval : −0.24, −0.11], mental status, and global cognition after 4 years of follow-up. In addition, the rate of decline in mental status and global cognition increased by 0.10 and 0.08 units, respectively, in participants who were unable to complete the test compared with their counterparts.ConclusionGood standing balance was significantly associated with higher cognitive function and a lower decline in mental status and global cognition in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. (shrink)

BackgroundBoosting the individual learning passion of medical students is a novel approach to improve their academic performance. It facilitates the medical education reform, motivating both policymakers and educators to focus on the function of positive psychology in the career development of medical students. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the status of two types of learning passion; to clarify the relationship between self-esteem and two types of learning passion among Chinese medical students; to examine the mediating role of psychological capital (...) in the relationship between self-esteem and two types of learning passion, respectively; and to identify the moderating role of professional identity in the relationship between PsyCap and two types of learning passion, respectively.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey was conducted from April to June 2016 in China. A total of 1,218 valid questionnaires were collected from four medical schools.ResultsSelf-esteem significantly and positively influenced medical students’ PsyCap.ConclusionTwo types of learning passion of medical students are positively influenced by self-esteem and PsyCap. Medical students with high-level self-esteem should possess strong PsyCap, which augments their harmonious as well as obsessive learning passion. Moreover, the positive effect of medical students’ PsyCap on harmonious learning passion is more notable among those with a lower professional identity. Finally, this study argues that strengths-based interventions of self-esteem and PsyCap are a beneficial approach for future enhancing learning passion in the domain of medical education. (shrink)

Ben shu nei rong bao kuo: ren lei wei he ru ci duo shi; dong fang gu dian de Afanda Wutuobang; sheng ren jiu jing wei shui xiao lao; zhi li de xian du yu xu wei you guo lun; deng gao si wang, man mu zhu ji hai shi man mu la ji; nan yi yong yu yan wen zi biao da yu chuan shou de da dao deng.

国家哲学社会科学创新基地浙江大学语言与认知研究中心研究成果中国博士后科学基金资助.

国家哲学社会科学创新基地浙江大学语言与认知研究中心研究成果中国博士后科学基金资助.

儒家思想自产生以来的两千多年中,占据了中国传统社会意识形态的主导地位,可以说,要认识中国、了解中国,必须要了解儒学文化。本书立足于孔孟儒学研究的学术前沿,运用多学科的方法,从时代背景、思想渊源等方面, 对孔孟儒学作了思想史意义上的全面深入考察.

本书包括:进学赖三迁慕贤定一生;诉空位而超越立“仁宅”则无敌;乐天以知命生生而不息等内容。.

孟學與荀學作為兩種儒家心理的原型，而儒學又作為中國思想場域的大傳統，是以可說思想史脈絡中的孟荀論辯與交鋒，即為建構中國思想場域中人格特質的關鍵來源。亦即思想史上尊孟抑荀的現象，事實上便是孟學意識型態所 形塑之性善心理結構對於性惡陰影的潛抑現象。那是在孟學「四端」理論下所形塑儒家存有具有一不可見卻如四體般存在的「良知器官」之集體驅力。亦即在中國思想場域中的存有只能是「道德人」，而不存在西方基督宗教場域 中「生物人」脈絡下的自我認同與表述。而這樣的孟學心理結構已然成為具有集體性的無意識，驅動著存有的思維與行動，是以產生性善的權威、成聖的焦慮、他律的創傷與政治的昇華等現象。本書將通過孟荀而思，藉由荀學視 域涉入孟學意識型態形塑下之儒家心理結構，去反思、批判與重建存有的心理結構，進而作為思索當代華人乃至東亞儒學場域之人格特質的來源與基礎。.

內容介紹 荀子性惡論是有意與性善論針鋒相對，企圖在批判中回歸孔門正道的論述。但學者多以孔孟一體的思維批判荀學之歧出，儒學史上「作為他者的孟子」往往被忽略。本書即企圖回到孟子尚未成聖成經的脈絡去思考荀孟關係，探問 為何荀子必要攻訐性善而主張性惡？關鍵在於荀子不滿孟子以「道德人」作為存有原初狀態的指涉，將儒學的社會性倫理轉向了超越性道德；是以企圖回歸存有原初的「經濟人」面向。性惡論的誕生，可以說是作為「經濟人」的 存有對「道德人」之反擊；必須理解到：「性惡論」不僅是人性的表述，而是一種認知自我與世界的態度。其中涵攝了「經濟人」的本體、修養、政治、經濟與社會等面向之完整儒學系統。一旦否認「性惡論」的意義，早期儒學 的根基將全然崩解並遭受曲解——忽視了「孔荀」一系在儒學史脈絡中的重要性意義。.

Ce volume rassemble les textes majeurs du confucianisme : " Les entretiens " de Confucius, " La grande étude " de Daxue et " Le classique de la Piété filiale " de Xiaojing.

A standard account of privacy says that it is essentially a kind of control over personal information. Many privacy scholars have argued against this claim by relying on so-called threatened loss cases. In these cases, personal information about an agent is easily available to another person, but not accessed. Critics contend that control accounts have the implausible implication that the privacy of the relevant agent is diminished in threatened loss cases. Recently, threatened loss cases have become important because Edward Snowden’s (...) revelation of how the NSA and GCHQ collected Internet and mobile phone data presents us with a gigantic, real-life threatened loss case. In this paper, I will defend the control account of privacy against the argument that is based on threatened loss cases. I will do so by developing a new version of the control account that implies that the agents’ privacy is not diminished in threatened loss cases. (shrink)

本书以20世纪全球社会经济、政治、精神体系的世界震荡为背景,剖析思维革命家们创立的五项思维方法论,及马克思主义戏剧化的兴衰变化历程。.

本书侧重分析中华民族哲学智慧的个性及其对人类哲学文明发展的特殊贡献。中华文明从未间断并发展下来的哲学原因是中华民族不断开发不断完善的直观智慧,中华民族的哲学精神为人类简单明了地指出了走出民族冲突与宗教 冲突困惑的思路。.

In the last two decades, blame has become a core topic in ethics, philosophical moral psychology and, more recently, epistemology. This chapter aims at clarifying the complex state of the debate and at making a suggestion for how we should proceed from here. The core idea is that accounts of blame are often motivated by very different background goals. One standard goal is to provide a unifying account of our everyday blame practices. The chapter argues that there is reason to (...) think that this goal is not achievable. Another goal is to provide the tools for solving or clarifying important social or philosophical problems. The chapter suggests that this is what theories of blame should focus on. (shrink)

本书内容包括什么是法社会学、多元化的法概念、社会·法律·法律文化、法与社会制度、法与社会发展、法与社会分层、法与社会问题、法与社会控制、法与社会化、法律职业、法的实现等11章。.

The aim of this paper is to explore the role of ethical climate on the relationship between the paternalistic leadership and team identification at the team level. In contrast to the prior studies which tended to focus on ethical climate as a whole dimension, this paper further classified the domain of construct into the categories of egoism, benevolence, and principle using a sample from 143 teams in Mainland China and Taiwan. Hierarchical regression results showed that the average paternalistic leadership had (...) a significant impact on the team identification at the team level. Moreover, the results indicated that the ethical climate of benevolence fully mediated while the ethical climate of egoism partially mediated the relationship between authoritarian leadership and team identification. Also, the ethical climates of benevolence and principle had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between benevolent leadership and team identification as well as moral leadership and team identification, respectively, but the ethical climate of egoism did not play a significant role. The major findings, theoretical contributions, practical implications, and the limitations were discussed. (shrink)

Ethical voice involves individuals’ perceptions of what is right and what is wrong. Although prior research has investigated the impacts of individual-level prohibitive ethical expression on personal outcomes, there has been limited examination of ethical voice at the group level. Our study examines how and when different types of ethical voice influence group outcomes. Using data gathered from 363 participants from 61 groups in two Chinese companies, the results reveal that promotive and prohibitive ethical voices at the group level exert (...) opposing influences on group moral transitive motivation. Group moral transitive motivation serves as a mediating factor in the association between the two types of ethical voice and group ethical behaviors (GEB). In addition, group faultlines moderate the impact of promotive ethical voice and prohibitive ethical voice on group moral transitive motivation and on GEB (via group moral transitive motivation). Our study extends the focus of research from a single type of ethical voice at the individual level to multiple types at the group level. The findings contribute to the body of knowledge regarding group ethical voice (GEV) by articulating its mediating mechanism as well as its boundary condition. This research provides valuable insights for researchers and managers by offering a comprehensive understanding about the role of different types of GEV and how to reform GEV. (shrink)

This paper discusses the idea that the concept of privacy should be understood in terms of control. Three different attempts to spell out this idea will be critically discussed. The conclusion will be that the Source Control View on privacy is the most promising version of the idea that privacy is to be understood in terms of control.

How do the fact that an agent is morally responsible for a certain morally objectionable action and the fact that she is an appropriate target of blame for it relate to each other? Many authors inspired by Peter Strawson say that they necessarily co‐occur. Standard answers to the question of why they co‐occur say that the occurrence of one of the facts explains that the other obtains. This article presents a third option: that they are one and the same fact. (...) There is no difference between the fact that a person is an appropriate target of blame for an objectionable action and the fact that she is morally responsible for it. This view has the advantage of being metaphysically more parsimonious and of answering, in an elegant and plausible way, an interesting question about which many standard theories of responsibility keep silent: what is it to be morally responsible simpliciter? (shrink)

ObjectiveThis study explores the relationship between physical exercise and school adaptation of junior middle school students and constructs a chain intermediary model through the intermediary role of psychological resilience and sports learning motivation.MethodsUsing the stratified cluster sampling method, 930 junior middle school students in Anhui Province were measured in group psychology by using the physical exercise rating scale, adolescent psychological resilience scale, physical learning motivation scale and school adaptation scale. The statistical software SPSS 23.0 and process plug-in were used for (...) statistical processing, and the common method deviation test was carried out by Harman single-factor control method. Finally, the bootstrap sampling test method and process plug-in were used to test the significance of intermediary effect.Results The direct prediction effect of physical exercise on school adaptation is remarkable ; psychological resilience and sports learning motivation are the intermediary variables of the relationship between physical exercise and school adaptation; psychological resilience and sports learning motivation play a chain mediation role in the relationship between physical exercise and school adaptation. The intermediary effect is composed of three indirect effects: physical exercise → psychological resilience → school adaptation, physical exercise → physical learning motivation → school adaptation, physical exercise → psychological resilience → physical learning motivation → school adaptation.ConclusionsPhysical exercise can directly improve the school adaptation of junior middle school students, which can also affect junior middle school students’ school adaptation indirectly through psychological resilience or sports learning motivation, and it can influence school adaptation through the chain mediation of psychological resilience and sports learning motivation. (shrink)

Power is often taken to be a central concept in social and political thought that can contribute to the explanation of many different social phenomena. This article argues that in order to play this role, a general theory of power is required to identify a stable causal capacity, one that does not depend on idiosyncratic social conditions and can thus exert its characteristic influence in a wide range of cases. It considers three promising strategies for such a theory, which ground (...) power in (1) the ability to use force, (2) access to resources, or (3) collective acceptance. It shows that these strategies fail to identify a stable causal capacity. The lack of an adequate general theory of power suggests that the concept lacks the necessary unity to play the broad explanatory role it is often accorded. (shrink)

What kind of thing, as it were, is power and how does it fit into our understanding of the social world? I approach this question by exploring the pragmatic character of power ascriptions, arguing that they involve fictional expectations directed at an open future. When we take an agent to be powerful, we act as if that agent had a robust capacity to make a difference to the actions of others. While this pretense can never fully live up to a (...) social reality whose future is open, acting on such expectations helps constitute social order. Fictional expectations are thus built into the material practices that constitute power. This account, I argue, helps us make sense of some of the deep disagreements about the nature of power. I develop the account by drawing on Thomas Hobbes’s myth of an original institution of sovereign power before expanding it to other forms of power. (shrink)