Financial literacy is essential for every individual concerned with public welfare and household portfolio choices. In this study, we investigate the impact of household financial literacy on individuals’ financial behavior using the China Household Financial Survey Data of 2015 and 2017. The results show that financial knowledge has significant current, long-term, and dynamic effects on financial behavior. This finding suggests that financial literacy is an important factor in shaping and improving financial behavior. Second, financial literacy can improve residents’ limited attention, (...) and residents with high attention tend to have formal bank accounts, participate in the stock market, and engage in financial behaviors in situations such as risky financial markets. High attention also helps to improve residents’ financial behavior. This relationship suggests that financial literacy positively impacts formal bank account holding, participation in financial markets, participation in commercial insurance, participation in pension plans, and credit card holdings through limited attention channels that facilitate access to specific financial information. In addition, heterogeneity analysis showed that the impact of financial literacy on financial behavior differs significantly between urban and rural households, between men and women, and between high and low education levels. The study provides valuable insights for policy implications to enhance financial literacy, such as carrying out financial training to improve residents’ knowledge about financial aspects, which further helps to optimize household financial decision-making. (shrink)

Starting from the virtual reality technology, the characteristics of its most suitable combination with the library are explored, so as to lay a foundation in theory and practice to promote the development of virtual reality in the library. In the concentration camp of the latest advanced technology, the relevant technologies used in the various levels of models in the smart library are extracted, and their functional principles and applications are systematically introduced; Chapter 4 builds the level of the smart library (...) information retrieval technology model. The structure diagram, various levels of functions, and related smart service models are discussed. Research is on context construction of extended resources of knowledge service in smart libraries. The elements and content of the resource context are introduced, and the strategy of constructing the resource context for the extension of the knowledge service of the smart library is proposed. Research is on the construction of the context of the extension and interconnection of knowledge services in smart libraries. The relevant elements and contents of the technical context and the spatial context are introduced, and a strategy for constructing a connected context for the extension of the knowledge service of a smart library is proposed. Research is on the context construction of knowledge service extension of smart library. The elements and contents of the service context are introduced, and the strategy of constructing the service context of the knowledge service extension of the smart library is proposed. A visual model of information retrieval is constructed. The model integrates the core steps of the information visualization process and introduces the information space and functional system in the information construction theory into it and through five mapping layers and six spatial layers, which describe visualization applications that target the user experience model in information construction build process. (shrink)

Education public opinion information management is an important research focus in the field of Education Data Mining. In this paper, we classify the education data information based on the traditional Flat-OCC model. From the cognitive psychology perspective, we identify up to 12 kinds of emotions, including sadness and happiness. In addition, the EMO-CBOW model is also proposed in this paper to further identify emotion by using various emoticons in educational data sets. The empirical result shows that the proposed Flat-OCC model (...) can classify and identify the emotion of education public opinion data well; and for the recognition of educational emotion classification, the categorization accuracy of the Flat-OCC+EMO-CBOW model is significantly higher than that of a single Flat-OCC model, which reveals that the emotional-pack-based model we propose can enhance our benchmark model. (shrink)

本书对科技与政治交互作用空间的性质、结构及其张力进行了基本阐述,探讨科技政治空间价值张力的离合及有机统一的作用规律以及科技政治空间自由与干涉的权力张力及其作用规律等。.

本书分四个部分:第一部分以梁漱溟先生的思虑为个案样本,探讨法的一般理念问题;第二部分论及宪政、普通法和近代西方法律教育与法学研究;第三部分意在研索“罪孽理念与罪刑关系”;第四部分为通讯体论文。.

本书是关于新意识形态批评的论文集,本书要论述的意图是:以理论与社会生活的密切关系而言,中国文论家可以创造出自己的“本位话语”,其具体问题集中为两个,即文化转型中的当代中国的精神建构和建立文学理论的本位 话语。.

本书内容包括:孔子思想的主要特征、老子思想的文化地位、墨子思想的历史影响、孟子思想的历史影响、董仲舒在学术思想史上的地位、张衡在中国思想文化上的地位等内容。.

本书简要地介绍了《周易》的一些重要概念及其在二十一世纪的可能应用,指出以《周易》为代表的东方文明对人类社会在新世纪的可持续发展所可能做出的贡献。.

The Alexandra District Ambulance Service is the only volunteer-based ambulance service in Victoria, Australia. It provides an opportunity to reflect on the ethical issues surrounding the delivery of ambulance service by volunteers, and its impact on the community.

The subject of this work is the worldview of subculture and its complex interaction with the elements and structure of these groups. To do this, various types of subcultures are analyzed in detail in order to identify their unique ideological features and characteristics. The main purpose of the research is to find links between the worldview of subcultures and their structural elements, as well as to understand the impact of these links on socio-cultural processes. By analyzing these issues, the study (...) seeks to expand our understanding of subcultural dynamics and their place in the modern sociocultural context. The results of this work can be useful for further research in the field of anthropology, sociology, cultural studies, as well as for the development of practical strategies for managing and supporting subcultural communities. To achieve the goals of the study, an anthropological analysis of subcultures is used, which includes an analysis of synchronous and diachronic aspects of the subcultural worldview, as well as comparative analysis. The scientific novelty of this work is manifested in a deep and comprehensive analysis of the diversity of types of worldview representation in various subcultures and their impact on a wide range of socio-cultural processes. The analysis presented in the study reveals unique aspects of the subcultural worldview and its diverse manifestations, which not only contributes to a deeper understanding of the socio-cultural dynamics of modern society, but also expands our knowledge of the mechanisms of formation and functioning of subcultural communities. The conclusions of this work are important both for academic research in the field of anthropology and sociology, and for practical applications, for example, those aimed at effective management and support of subcultural groups in modern society, including the development of policies and programs that promote inclusivity, cultural diversity and socio-cultural harmony. (shrink)

In this paper we prove the uncompactness of every stit logic that contains a generalized refref conditional and is a sublogic of the stit logic with refref equivalence, a syntactical condition of uncompactness that covers infinitely many stit logics. This result is established through the uncompactness of every stit logic whose semantic structures contain no chain of busy choice sequences with cardinality , where is any natural number . The basic idea in the proof is to apply the notion of (...) companions to stit sentences in finding busy choice sequences in structures, and to make use of a relation between chains of busy choice sequences and generalized refref conditionals in connecting the two conditions of uncompactness mentioned above. (shrink)

本书辑录了作者近年来已发表的一些文章,包括:求索时代精神:个人思想历程、语言与哲学:学术研究偶得、现实与虚构:世纪之交的思想文化争论、事实与责任:历史反思等。.

本书内容包括传统道德的现代价值、更加重视世界观问题、环保意识的觉醒、做好社区的思想工作、压岁钱的变迁等。.

本书收录了汉语法学界近年关于法律信仰的九篇论文,包括《法律信仰与法制现代化》、《法律信仰与民族国家》、《法律如何信仰》等。.

本书共分十章,分别从临床治疗、人体研究、疾病与健康、生育控制、器官移植、人类基因组研究等方面介绍或探讨相关的伦理原则、规范及问题。.

本书包括:近代哲学的逻辑走向;哲学就是认识论;认识论包含认识理论认识历史两个方面;认识在存在中揭露本质等内容。.

When we say “I know why he was late”, we know not only the fact that he was late, but also an explanation of this fact. We propose a logical framework of “knowing why” inspired by the existing formal studies on why-questions, scientific explanation, and justification logic. We introduce the Kyi\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${{\mathcal {K}}{}\textit{y}}_i$$\end{document} operator into the language of epistemic logic to express “agent i knows why φ\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} (...) \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\varphi $$\end{document}” and propose a Kripke-style semantics of such expressions in terms of knowing an explanation of φ\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\varphi $$\end{document}. We obtain two sound and complete axiomatizations w.r.t. two different model classes depending on different assumptions about introspection. Finally we connect our logic with justification logic technically by providing an alternative semantics and an in-depth comparison on various design choices. (shrink)

While research on English-medium instruction has proliferated in the past decades, little research has examined how students from a monolingual background actually experience EMI, or the learning processes involved in such experiences. Drawing upon in-depth interviews and student reflection journals, this study examines the experiences of Chinese university students currently studying in an EMI university in Macau. The findings show that while the students were satisfied with their learning in the EMI context, and they all expressed a perceived necessity for (...) EMI, EMI presented major challenges to their learning and increased their study burden, and the students had experienced numerous frustrations, difficulties and challenges in the transition from the CMI context to the EMI context. The findings also indicate that the students took various measures to address these difficulties and frustrations. This study can provide a better understanding of the real learning needs of Chinese students in... (shrink)

本书以个案研究和横向研究的方式梳理中西法学思想,梳理法学事件,于“真理、道理、情理与法理”的交融中审视法律、法学和法学家的时代使命。.

本书为法制研究文集,致力于探讨中国社会与人生所表达的生活方式,探索其中所蕴藏的活的规则,即自然之法,从追索中国自家的“立法”,讨一个“说法”,进而得出一个“活法”。.

Starting with Jaakko Hintikka’s seminal work, epistemic logic has now grown up to a huge academic industry. When we look back to its history, however, there is a practical paradox. While Hintikka’s original purpose was to facilitate epistemological discussion, most subsequent work of epistemic logic has been done outside of philosophy, and has been ignored by most mainstream epistemologists. At the current point, one might naturally wonder, does epistemic logic still have something to do with epistemology? Along with Hintikka and (...) a growing number of formal epistemologists, we believe the answer is “yes”. Contemporary epistemology has largely focused on the goal of providing an analysis of knowledge and an answer to skepticism. To avoid skepticism, many epistemologists prefer to define knowledge in terms of evidence and relevant alternatives. A typical saying is that “in order to know that p, one only needs evidence to eliminate all relevant alternatives, rather than all alternatives”. We see such a project as perfectly congenial to the spirit of Hintikka’s epistemic logic. In this paper, we propose an epistemic logic to deal with evidence and relevant alternatives explicitly, and extend EREL to its dynamic version to investigate how different notions of knowledge behavior with the decrease and increase of relevant alternatives. To illustrate its philosophical application, we provide a new formalization of the so called factivity problem of epistemic contextualism. We conclude with some remarks on further developments of our framework. (shrink)

Economic dispatch plays an important role in power system operation, since it can decrease the operating cost, save energy resources, and reduce environmental load. This paper presents an improved particle swarm optimization called biogeography-based learning particle swarm optimization for solving the ED problems involving different equality and inequality constraints, such as power balance, prohibited operating zones, and ramp-rate limits. In the proposed BLPSO, a biogeography-based learning strategy is employed in which particles learn from each other based on the quality of (...) their personal best positions, and thus it can provide a more efficient balance between exploration and exploitation. The proposed BLPSO is applied to solve five ED problems and compared with other optimization techniques in the literature. Experimental results demonstrate that the BLPSO is a promising approach for solving the ED problems. (shrink)

In this paper, I provide a framework for accounting for the self, based on a reconstruction of Galen Strawson’s “theory of SESMETs,” or the Pearl view, with Barry Dainton’s continuous consciousness thesis. I argue that the framework I provide adequately accounts for the self and is preferable to solely adopting either Strawson’s or Dainton’s theory. I call my reconstruction the “Necklace” view of the self.

Ironically, specific compilations regarding the dialectical materialist principle of the negation of the negation cannot be found in the corpora of Comrade Mao Zedong. And yet, in his life of valiant struggle for the Chinese revolution and socialist construction, the law informed to great effect Mao's investigations of and attempts to transform China. Not only are these thoughts encapsulated in numerous essays and speeches, they are also naturally reflected therein. However, some foreigners maintain that Mao Zedong's thought "paid no heed (...) to this law, either theoretically or practically". Such is not just ignorance, it is nothing but nonsense. To be sure, his later treatment of dialectics was marred by his perceptual deviations vis-à-vis the law of the negation of the negation. However, in light of his affirmation and application of, and elucidations on the law of the negation of the negation, this was but a somewhat non-harmonious finale to a "majestic" symphony. (shrink)