Contra quienes suponen que no existe hoy una moral universal válida, o bien que ésta se genera sólo cómo un proceso de transacciones sociales, económicas o políticas asimétricas, este ensayo sostiene que tales transacciones generan unas estructura (en la modernidad) que su vez fomentan el universalismo moral. Se argumenta que hay una sociogénesis de la moral en las sociedades pluralistas de nuestro tiempo, pero es indirecta. En efecto, la urdimbre moral de la modernidad está basada en la estructura social de (...) la libertad y en el hecho de que la naturaleza humana es universal, a pesar de las variaciones locales, culturales y económicas, por un lado, y el surgimiento de un interés común mundializado basado en principios de fraternidad, igualdad de género y sostenibilidad ambiental, por otro. La incipiente aparición de una sociedad civil mundial y de derechos civiles transnacionales es señal de ello. Por consiguiente, el ensayo se presenta como alternativa tanto a las concepciones comunitaristas (relativistas) y a la sociologización de la ética, como a los desmanes del utilitarismo y del consecuencialismo contemporáneos. (shrink)

Research examining Service-Learning in Physical Education Teacher Education is ample. However, long-term investigations are still scarce and literature demands the application of this type of design to uncover the effects of SL on the long run. This study followed a longitudinal quantitative approach; thus, the participants completed the Civic Attitudes and Skills Questionnaire in three occasions. Results show that there exist significant differences between mean values of the global outcomes of the CASQ; concretely, there was an improvement in the first (...) interval followed by a decrease in the second period. Regarding the different dimensions of the CASQ, leadership skills, attitudes towards social justice and attitudes towards diversity showed significant differences too. This research leads towards better understanding of methodological strategies promoting quality education, positing SL as an adequate possibility in this respect, also in the long term. (shrink)

ABSTRACT:Neuroethics, the study of the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying ethical decision-making, is a growing field of study. In this review, we identify and discuss four themes emerging from neuroethics research. First, ethical decision-making appears to be distinct from other types of decision-making processes. Second, ethical decision-making entails more than just conscious reasoning. Third, emotion plays a critical role in ethical decision-making, at least under certain circumstances. Lastly, normative approaches to morality have distinct, underlying neural mechanisms. On the basis of (...) these themes, we draw implications for research in business ethics and the practice of ethics training. (shrink)

Salvador Piá Tarazona’s book, El hombre como ser dual is an important methodical-thematic advance in the research of transcendental anthropology as much as it does not detain its focus on human nature nor its development , but rather on th readicality of personal intimacy and its openness to transcendence.

In today's societies relationships between near relatives and friends appear to be somewhat paradoxical. Some accounts present them as the social ideal, exalting the solidarity and altruism represented by proximal relationships. By contrast, others point to the social dangers in such relationships when they are conducted in the public sphere. In order to grasp the coexistence of these opposite views, this article attempts to place proximal relationships in the explanatory context of a gift economy, a concept with a long history (...) in anthropology and which has lately been the focus of interest of a significant group of social thinkers. (shrink)

Psychological research shows that our emotions and feelings often guide the moral decisions we make about our own lives and the social groups to which we belong. But should we be concerned that out important moral judgments can be swayed by "hot" passions, such as anger, disgust, guilt, shame and sympathy? Aren't these feelings irrational and counterproductive? Using a functional conflict theory of emotions (FCT), Giner-Sorolla proposes that each emotion serves a number of different functions, sometimes inappropriately, and that (...) moral emotions in particular are intimately tied to problems faced by the individuals in a group, and by groups interacting with each other. Specifically, the author suggests that these emotions help us, as individuals and group members, to: Appraise developments in the environment Learn through association Regulate our own behavior Communicate convincingly with others. Drawing on extensive research, including many studies from the author's own lab, this book shows why emotions work to encourage reasonable moral behaviour, and why they sometimes fail. This is the first single-authored volume in the field of psychology dedicated to a separate examination of the major moral and positive emotions. As such, the book is ideal reading for researchers, postgraduates and undergraduates of social psychology, sociology, philosophy and politics. (shrink)

Partiendo de las categorías de ‘autoafirmación’ y ‘animal laborans’ propuestas por Blumenberg y Arendt, se dirime si el transhumanismo tiene alguna relación con el humanismo. Su contextualización permite encuadrar este movimiento dentro de la lógica del capitalismo de consumo, y definirlo como un paso más hacia la mercantilización de las distintas esferas de la vida. Se concluye que el transhumanismo es efectivamente un más allá del humanismo, si atendemos a las condiciones culturales y existenciales heredadas del proyecto emancipatorio moderno y (...) sus consecuencias en el desarrollo e innovación tecnológicos. (shrink)

Women in Classical Video Games, coordonné par Kate Cook et Jane Draycott, est un ouvrage qui se trouve au croisement des études classiques, des études des jeux vidéo et des études de genre. En effet, l’ouvrage est issu de l’engouement certain du jeu vidéo pour l’exploration de mondes antiques ainsi que de leurs mythologies. Les coordinatrices ont réuni un ensemble de spécialistes issus de diverses disciplines consacrées à l’étude de l’Antiquité. Les auteurs et autrices posent l’hypothèse que,...

-Este artículo se centra en el análisis de los estudios teóricos y empíricos sobre la sociología del cómic durante los siglos XX y XXI. Aunque en la actualidad el cómic está ampliamente aceptado en el ámbito académico, tanto en publicaciones periódicas como en monografías especializadas, esto no ha sido lo habitual en el pasado. Los primeros estudios fueron excepciones en el ámbito más amplio de la sociología de la comunicación, y no será hasta los años 50 cuando se popularicen en (...) la academia. Uno de los catalizadores de la sociología del cómic fue la obra de Umberto Eco (1968), a partir de la cual llegarían estudios más profundos como los de Dorfman y Mattelart (1971) o Luc Boltanski (1975). Finalmente, se analizan trabajos empíricos que toman como base el lenguaje del cómic. (shrink)

Threads, ropes and textiles are elements of everyday life, which have reached a high technical level of development early in human history. The spinning of the yarn, one of the oldest forms of knowledge, seems to be, like the origin of every form of art, inseparable from a particular mythology. Besides their practical use, threads, nodes and tissues must have been quickly charged with symbolic meanings. This article examines the symbolism of the thread, the node and the tissue as metaphors (...) that are sometimes connected with life and sometimes with death. (shrink)

To propose a clear psychological definition of morality is no easy task, and Dahl (2023) is to be commended here for not only doing so, but leaving an explicit paper trail of traits deemed desirable for any such proposal. However, while a rationale for calling phenomena “moral” would be useful, is it really as vital for the conduct of research as Dahl presumes? We instead argue that the definition of the term “morality” is not always a task of scientific definition (...) similar to defining “cell” or “attitude”, but rather can be seen as a meta-scientific task for organising research. When morality itself is a construct that figures in theories and hypotheses, this construct usually depends on lay views of whether the moral realm is involved. This insight, in our view, argues for a broader rather than narrower approach to defining morality, which we explain in the final section. (shrink)

We agree with Fitouchi et al. that self-denial is sometimes moralized to signal capacity for cooperation, but propose that a person's cooperative character is more precisely judged by willingness to follow cultural, group, and interpersonal goals, for which many rules can serve as proxies, including rules about abstention. But asceticism is not a moral signal if its aims are destructive, while indulging impulses in a culturally approved way can also signal cooperation.

The main objective of performance sport is to obtain achievements at the highest level through the adequate development of the athlete. The scientific literature demonstrates the fundamental role played by the inclusion of certain psychological variables in the training plan. This study examined the psychological profile of kayak polo players through the variables of burnout, optimism, and mood in the hours prior to the competition, relating these to each other and to some sociodemographic data. A sample of 86 canoeists, 60 (...) men and 26 women, with an age measurement of 24.4 ± 9.1 years belonging to the first male and female kayak polo division, completed the POMS-29, the LOT-R, and the IBD-R. Athletes' levels of optimism were found to be significantly correlated with mood. Optimism also influenced emotional exhaustion. In addition, seniority and internationality were decisive factors in the level of optimism and mood achieved. (shrink)

Physical education is often selected for applying multilingual initiatives through the use of the content and language integrated learning (CLIL) approach. However, it is still unclear whether the introduction of such approach might entail losing Physical Education’s essence and distorting its basic purposes. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of CLIL on the Physical Education lessons. Given the purpose of this study, a mixed methodological approach based on a sequential exploratory design divided in two different phases (...) is used. We begin with an initial qualitative data collection (phase I) consisting in the analysis of interviews with 12 participants (8 teachers and 4 students). Based on its analysis, two foci are identified: social relationships and physical activity. Then, informed by the results obtained, a quantitative approach is used (phase II), differentiating these two sets of data to deepen on them. On one part, a sociometric questionnaire was applied to analyse the social relationships among CLIL students. On the other part, a quasi-experimental design (n = 49) was implemented using accelerometry to measure the MVPA of the PE sessions. Regarding physical activity, the results show that levels of MVPA are higher in the experimental group (CLIL) than in the control group showing light to the divergent viewpoints of interviewees. However, focusing on social relationships, the sociometric questionnaire results show that there were no statistical significative changes, although some signs of a slight effect on students’ relationships arise depending on their gender. Therefore, more research would be necessary to deepen on how CLIL affects in this regard. (shrink)

De entre el ingente corpus teórico del pensador franciscano Buenaventura de Bagnoregio, hemos focalizado aquí nuestra atención sobre el libro titulado Itinerarium mentis in Deum (1259), porque en él nuestro autor condensa el núcleo esencial de su peculiar Estética. Restringiendo aún más el enfoque investigador, en el presente artículo nos limitamos a analizar la primera de las tres fases o niveles en que Buenaventura estructura su Estética, a saber, la fase que podríamos denominar Estética inmanente. En ella, según el autor, (...) el ser humano puede llegar al conocimiento de Dios, si considera los seres materiales como vestigios e imágenes bellas que reflejan visiblemente la invisible belleza divina. En la segunda parte de nuestro artículo, intentamos poner en evidencia algunas tesis de filósofos precedentes que parecen haber inspirado casi con certeza a San Buenaventura en los enunciados básicos de su Estética inmanente. (shrink)

The climatic emergency that threats the Arctic constitutes a challenge for the International Community. The inhabitants of this space, mainly indigenous peoples, face a dramatic situation, because their way of life is disappearing. In this context, Arctic peoples formulate the right to be cold. This paper analyzes the implications of this proposal from the point of view of International Human Rights Law, examining the progress made in the link between the environment, climate change and human rights, the initiatives that the (...) Arctic peoples have proposed in the Inter-American System of Human Rights and the theoretical analysis that this proposal generates. (shrink)

Are verbal reports of disgust in moral situations specific indicators of the concept of disgust, or are they used metaphorically to refer to anger? In this experiment, participants read scenarios describing a violation of a norm either about the use of the body (bodily moral) or about harm and rights (socio-moral). They then expressed disgust and anger on verbal scales, and through facial expression endorsement measures. The use of disgust words in the socio-moral condition was largely predicted by anger words (...) and only secondarily by disgust faces, whereas in the bodily moral condition the use of disgust words was predicted to a similar extent by disgust faces and anger words. Angry faces, however, never predicted disgust words independently of anger words. These results support a middle-ground position in which disgust words concerning socio-moral violations are not entirely a metaphor for anger, but bear some relationship to other representations of disgust. In the case of socio-moral violations, however, the use of disgust language is more strongly related to anger language, and less strongly to facial representations of disgust than in the case of bodily moral violations. (shrink)

Se recorre el camino de la formación del sujeto humano que a par- tir de los prejuicios va constituyendo la intimidad propia haciendo suya la “intimidad social”. El problema que se plantea es en qué medida los prejuicios desaparecen o no por completo y si es posible hablar de un auténtico yo mientras se mantengan. En la respuesta de Ortega tiene gran importancia la distinción entre “yo” y “vida”.

The origin of the isocortex may be seen as a series of gradual changes (each one with an adaptive value) from a reptilian-like cerebral cortex, as proposed by Aboitiz et al., or as a new dorsal pallium derivative in mammals which undergoes a surface expansion concomitant with the expansion of the dorsal tier of the dorsal thalamus.

While philosophers have discussed the emotion of contempt from antiquity to the present day, contempt has received less attention in psychological research. We review the defining features of contempt, both as a short-term emotion and as a more long-lasting sentiment. Contempt is similar to anger in that it may occur after social or moral transgressions, but it differs from anger in its appraisals, actions, and emotivational goals. Unlike anger, contempt arises when a person’s or group’s character is appraised as bad (...) and unresponsive to change, leading to attempts to socially exclude the target. We discuss associative, self-regulatory, and social distancing functions of contempt and present a dynamic social model of contempt versus anger. (shrink)