A la hora de acceder a los servicios sanitarios, las mujeres inmigrantes – especialmente, aquellas en situación administrativa irregular – se van a topar con una serie de obstáculos concretos, fruto de los diversos ejes de desigualdad que las atraviesan y dan forma a su ubicación en la trama social. Así, se pretende exponer la necesidad de incorporar un enfoque interseccional y de género en las políticas de integración, concretamente las relativas al ámbito sanitario, a través del análisis de la (...) legislación estatal y autonómica existente, que revelará los avances conseguidos y las deficiencias persistentes en la materia. (shrink)

Reseña de la obra de Alegre Zahonero, Luis y Serrano García, Clara, Legitimidad. Los cimientos del Estado social, democrático y de derecho, Madrid, Akal, 2020.

Nous proposons quelques remarques concernant la philosophie et son enseignement, en nous appuyant sur une conférence prononcée en 1975 par le philosophe tchèque Jan Patočka intitulée « L’homme spirituel et l’intellectuel », et dans laquelle Patočka décrit le genre de vie propre au philosophe par opposition à celui qu’il nomme « l’intellectuel » reprenant par là, et lui donnant toutefois un souffle nouveau, l’opposition platonicienne entre le philosophe et le sophiste. Nous approfondissons cette lecture par l’analyse d’un essai antérieur datant (...) de 1934, extrait du volume Liberté et sacrifice et intitulé « Remarques sur la position de la philosophie dans et en dehors du monde ». Nous souhaiterions montrer que dans ces deux textes, Patočka expose, partant de la figure de Socrate, le genre de vie du philosophe, faisant ainsi apparaître une figure de l’enseignement moins grecque que johannique. (shrink)

Research suggests a direct negative relationship between peers’ unethical behavior and employees’ ethical intention. But several possible mechanisms might explain this relationship in more detail. For example, Machiavellianism is a personality trait characterized by interpersonal manipulation and the use of unethical means to achieve certain self‐interested ends, whether useful or pleasant. This article adopts an Aristotelian understanding of philia, related to three goods on which human relationships rest: useful, pleasant, and honest. We propose that Machiavellianism, a self‐interested, pragmatic personality orientation, (...) might explicate the relationship between peers’ unethical behavior and ethical intention. The results of a structural equation model applied to a sample of 436 banking employees in Spain reveals that Machiavellianism partially mediates the relationship between peers’ unethical behavior and employees’ ethical intention. We also find that with a greater level of peers’ unethical behavior, the negative effect of Machiavellianism on ethical intention increases, and that when peers’ unethical behavior is nonexistent, the negative effect of Machiavellianism on ethical intention disappears. These findings advance current literature by revealing that unethical peers can indirectly influence ethical intention, through shaping Machiavellianism. Our study is also the first to show that pairing high Machiavellians with ethical peers can help to cancel out the negative influence of Machiavellianism on ethical intention. (shrink)

Enhancing the quality of learning opportunities for students with disabilities and the learning level attained is a pending challenge. This challenge is especially relevant in the context of special schools, where the learning possibilities derived from interactions with others is limited. However, providing these students with a sufficient level of instrumental learning, such as literacy, and communicative and reasoning abilities is crucial for their subsequent educational and social opportunities. In this case study we analyse a special school that has implemented (...) Dialogic Literary Gatherings with their students as a means to increase learning interactions within the group around the reading and debate of classical books. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the school principal and with a teacher of the transition to adult life course, and two focus groups were conducted with teachers–one with primary education teachers and one with secondary education teachers–and two focus groups with students–one with primary education students and one secondary education and transition to adult life students–. On the one hand, results show the characteristics of the Dialogic Literary Gatherings that allowed these students to participate and learn. On the other hand, several improvements have been observed. First, regarding instrumental learning, students increased their motivation for reading, and improved their communicative and reasoning abilities and in their reading proficiency. Second, regarding students' behavior, conflict has reduced, solidarity attitudes have increased, and they have acquired dialogic and argumentative habits. Finally, at the emotional level, they gained self-esteem and confidence and feel more empowered to make their voice heard. (shrink)

Identity governance is an emerging concept for fine-grained conditional disclosure of identity information and enforcement of corresponding data handling policies. Although numerous technologies underlying identity management have been developed, people still have difficulty obtaining a clear picture of how their identity information is maintained, used, and propagated. An identity management framework is described for tracking the history of how a person’s identity information is handled after it is transferred across domains of control and for enforcing meta-policies related to managing identity (...) information distributed over the Internet. With this framework, organizations that manage identity information can improve accountability for their data practices and thereby increase their trustworthiness. The framework also enables users to control and optimize the propagation of their identity information in a user-centric manner. (shrink)

A logical space is a pair of a non-empty set A and a subset of . Since is identified with {0, 1} A and {0, 1} is a typical lattice, a pair of a non-empty set A and a subset of for a certain lattice is also called a -valued functional logical space. A deduction system on A is a pair (R, D) of a subset D of A and a relation R between A* and A. In terms of these (...) simplest concepts, a general framework for studying the logical completeness is constructed. (shrink)

In this paper, we analyze the effect of the speed on the task of random number generation. Each subjectgenerates the sequences of ``random'' numbers under various speed conditions. In addition to the 16 indiceswhich have been used in the past studies, we introduce and calculate the new indices called the ``frequency ofschema''. From the statistical analysis, we find that there is an obvious change, along with the speed, in theproperties of sequences, indicating the transition of the underling information processing. It (...) is shown that thefrequencies of schemas are effective indices for describing the properties of sequences produced under high-speed conditions. (shrink)

Este artículo revisa las representaciones referidas a la figura folclórica del trickster y a la figura griega de Mễtis, como imágenes dialógicas y símbolos transculturales y bifrontes, vinculados con una inteligencia astuta capaz y con sus habilidades para deconstruir las representaciones comunes y crear paradojas que estimulan el conocimiento. Se proponen como estudios de casos diferentes textos e hitos interculturales.

Today, in both theory and practice, the concepts of corporate social responsibility and ethics are not necessarily related. Organizations can demonstrate high levels of social proactivity in their CSR policies with or without having laudable levels of ethical quality or virtuousness. This article introduces the concepts of organizational ethical quality to evaluate the moral excellence of CSR actions and policies, identifying and categorizing varying levels ranging from the absence of ethical virtuousness, termed immoral CSR, to high levels of moral CSR, (...) or ethical virtuousness. High MCSR is the product of both high levels of OEQ in conjunction with more proactive CSR policies based on social action. (shrink)

Es ya conocida la crisis que golpea fuertemente a los países del surde Europa, entre ellos España donde la repercusión economía, política y social se ve reflejada en los rescates bancarios y los recortes sociales, con aumentos impositivos y la privatización de la sanidad y la educación, en sus casi 6 millones de parados, en el aumento de los desahucios, etc., pero también por el descontento social visible en las continuas movilizaciones sociales y huelgas generales.El libro que aquí se presen..

Little has been studied on the relationship between affect and school problems related with attendance. This study aims to identify different affective profiles and to determine whether these profiles differ from each other based on the four functional conditions of school refusal behavior. Participants comprised 1,816 Spanish adolescents aged 15–18 years. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children-Short Form and the School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised for Children were administered. Latent profile analysis revealed five affective profiles: low affective profile, self-fulfilling (...) profile, low positive affect profile, self-destructive profile, and high affective profile. The self-destructive profile revealed the highest average scores in the first three factors of the SRAS-R-C, whereas the high affective profile reached the highest average score in the fourth factor. On the contrary, the self-fulfilling profile obtained the lowest average scores in the first two factors of the SRAS-R-C, whereas the low affective profile revealed the lowest average scores in the last two factors. Findings suggest the relevance of developing more adaptative affective profiles, such as the self-fulfilling profile, which would contribute to diminishing school attendance problems. (shrink)

BackgroundImplementing the routine consultation of patient advance directives in hospital emergency departments and emergency medical services has become essential, given that advance directives constitute the frame of reference for care personalisation and respect for patients’ values and preferences related to healthcare. The aim of this study was to assess the levels and relationship of knowledge and attitudes of nursing and medical professionals towards advance directives in hospital emergency departments and emergency medical services, and to determine the correlated and predictor variables (...) of favourable attitudes towards advance directives.MethodsObservational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. The study was conducted in the emergency department of a second-level hospital and in the emergency medical service. Data collection was performed from January 2019 to February 2020. The STROBE guidelines were followed for the preparation of the study.ResultsA total of 173 healthcare professionals responded to the questionnaire. Among them, 91.3% considered that they were not sufficiently informed about advance directives, and 74% acknowledged not having incorporated them into their usual practice. Multinomial analysis indicated a statistically significant relationship between the variable emergency medical service and having more favourable attitudes towards consulting the advance directives in their practical application (OR 2.49 [95% CI 1.06–5.88]; p = 0.037) and compliance in complex scenarios (OR 3.65 [95% CI 1.58 − 8.41]; p = 0.002). Working the afternoon and night shift was a predictor variable for obtaining a higher score with respect to attitudes in complex scenarios.ConclusionThere is an association between the level of knowledge that nursing and medical professionals have about advance directives and the scores obtained on the attitude scales at the time of practical implementation and in complex scenarios. This shows that the more knowledge professionals have, the more likely they are to consult patients' advance directives and to respect their wishes and preferences for care and/or treatment. (shrink)

The complexity of the human mind and its interaction with the environment is one of the main epistemological debates throughout history. Recent ideas, framed as the 4E perspective to cognition, highlight that human experience depends causally on both cerebral and extracranial processes, but also is embedded in a particular sociomaterial context and is a product of historical accumulation of trajectory changes throughout life. Accordingly, the human microbiome is one of the most intriguing actors modulating brain function and physiology. Here, we (...) present the 4E approach to the Human Microbiome for understanding mental processes from a broader perspective, encompassing one's body physiology and environment throughout their lifespan, interconnected by microbiome community structure and dynamics. We review evidence supporting the approach theoretically and motivates the study of the global set of microbial ecosystem networks encountered by a person across their lifetime (from skin to gut to natural and built environments). We furthermore trace future empirical implementation of the approach. We finally discuss novel research opportunities and clinical interventions aimed toward developing low‐cost/high‐benefit integrative and personalized bio‐psycho‐socio‐environmental treatments for mental health and including the brain‐gut‐microbiome axis. (shrink)

Durante la escolarización a todo individuo se le pueden presentar situaciones escolares que pueden desencadenar miedos. Este estudio pretende examinar las diferencias en rechazo escolar según altas y bajas puntuaciones en ansiedad anticipatoria y analizar la capacidad predictiva del rechazo escolar sobre la ansiedad anticipatoria. Participaron 879 estudiantes españoles entre los 8 y los 11 años. Los estudiantes con altas puntuaciones en ansiedad anticipatoria obtuvieron puntuaciones medias superiores en rechazo escolar y este fue un predictor positivo y estadísticamente significativo de (...) ansiedad anticipatoria en la mayoría de los casos. Se discuten los hallazgos para mejorar la asistencia escolar. (shrink)

O romance A Selva contou com quatro edições ilustradas: A de 1939, coordenada por Roberto Nobre, a de 1949, realizada por Machado da Luz, a de 1955, realizada por Cândido Portinari e uma última em 1974 realizada por Júlio Pomar. A primeira edição ilustrada correspondeu a um projecto de encomenda diferente das edições seguintes, nomeadamente da que serve aqui de termo de comparação, a de Portinari (1955). Roberto Nobre pretendia que oito ilustradores traduzissem picturalmente A Selva a partir de uma (...) geografia imaginária que o livro lhes desse a ver. Sendo a Selva um território estranho para os pintores desta edição, fica deste projecto uma tradução pela ilustração de paisagens sem identidade pictural – lugares brancos no conjunto das edições ilustradas do romance de Ferreira de Castro. (shrink)