日本政治の実証分析、レヴァイアサン、自由主義的改革、政界再編、ポピュリズム――日本政治研究をリードした「大嶽政治学」の軌跡。.

明治の草創期に、学校教育に欧米式の方法が導入されて以来、子どもたちの直観や自発性を重視したペスタロッチーとフレーベルの教育思想は、戦後にいたるまで日本の教育に強い影響力を与え続けてきた。二人の教育思想 はどのように受容され、実践されてきたのだろうか。その理想に共鳴した教育者・教育学者の足跡からたどる。.

The mean-field theory with the use of the slave-boson functional method has been generalized to take account of the spin- and/or orbital-ordered state in the doubly degenerate Hubbard model. Numerical calculations are presented of the antiferromagnetic orbital-ordered state in the half-filled simple-cubic model. The orbital order in the present theory is much reduced compared with that in the Hartree–Fock approximation because of the large orbital fluctuations. From a comparison of the ground-state energy, the antiferromagnetic orbital state is shown to be (...) unstable against the antiferromagnetic spin state, although the situation becomes reversed when the exchange interaction is negative. (shrink)

The presence of small polydisperse extrachromosomal circular (spc) DNAs composed entirely of chromosomal sequences seems to reflect the plasticity of eukaryotic genomes. The size distribution and number of spc DNAs is found to vary with development, growth state and mitotic capacity. In particular, spc DNAs are observed to be several fold smaller in established immortal cell lines than in diploid cells with a limited life span. Analysis of cloned spc DNA fragments revealed that: (1) most of the spc DNAs thus (...) far investigated contain repetitive sequences; (2) some of the repetitive sequences are enriched in spc DNA clones relative to their representation in the chromosome; (3) various repetitive sequences of different reiteration frequency were found in spc DNA from immortal cell lines while a particular sequence of retroposon was predominant in primary lymphoid tissue cells and stem cells; (4) most of these spc DNAs appear to represent the extra copies generated by replicon‐misfiring in immortal cell lines or by retrotranscription in stem cells, and intermediates or by‐products produced by abortive rearrangement in diploid cells with a finite replicative capacity. (shrink)

In his doctoral dissertation, Harold Garfinkel critically examined Talcott Parsons' classical formulation of the problem of order referred to as the Hobbesian problem. Garfinkel's criticism can be summarized under the following three headings: (1) common sense rationality replaces scientific rationality; (2) the level of the premises of conduct replaces the level of de facto action; (3) congruence theory replaces the correspondence theory. The aim of this paper is to make some observations on the structure of the problem of order which (...) Garfinkel discovered through this criticism. I propose to call it the Rashomon problem after Akira Kurosawa's film Rashomon. Ethnomethodology can be regarded as an attempt to solve the Rashomon problem. (shrink)

時代の肌理に触れると同時に、時代を超える感度を研ぎ澄ますには、哲学という経験の刷新が必須となる。今、哲学に何を希望できるのか?自分自身が今を生きる一個の希望となるように、哲学それ自身が変貌しなければな らない。.