En una visita que hice a Kelsen en su bella casa en Berkeley, California, en el curso de la conversación, muy interesante, que duró un poco más de tres horas, escuché de sus labios que consideraba a la Ética de la Voluntad Pura de Hermann Cohen como un libro muy importante, del que él, Kelsen, había aprendido muchas cosas, más de las que podía expresarme en ese momento.

In the last decades, it has been argued extensively about the possibilities and merits of Social Work to apply at the recognition of its disciplinary character, which -in mind of his defenders- it would overcame the technological and ideological arguments. At the same time, it has been in play h..

`Authority', `competence' and other related concepts are determined on the basis of the concept of law as a dynamic order of norms. The norms which regulate the processes of norm creation establish empowerments (Ermächtigungen). The material domain of validity of the empowering norm is called `competence'. The concept of `person' in relation to empowering norms yields the concepts of `organ' and `authority'. The spatial domain of the validity of these norms is the spatial or territorial jurisdiction. This paper analyses the (...) basic norm and its legal functions; it considers the irregularity of legal acts and norms, as well as the legal consequences thereof, namely nullity and annulment. Additionally, the Kelsenian `Tacit Alternative Clause' is criticized and a possible solution to the problem of irregular norms is offered through new definitions of the existence, validity and legitimacy of norms. (shrink)

The Multiple Reality theory represents a key piece to understand the socio-phenomenology. It is sustained by a triangulation of the phenomenology of Edmund Husserl, the vitalism of Henry Bergson and the pragmatism of William James (and it has as a background the praxeology of Ludwig Von Mises and ..

La epistemología de Feyerabend desplaza la atención centrada en la dimensión racional de la ciencia para enfocarla en el contexto histórico y sociocultural. Su trabajo da a veces la impresión de un análisis ejecutado por un etnógrafo que se afana en comprender los elementos simbólicos y, en gene..

Consideramos que el Ereignis tiene como condición de posibilidad la experiencia del abandono del ser. Por ello, en el centro del viraje no habría ni un giro teológico ni solamente la reciprocidad entre el arrojamiento de lo Dasein por el ser y el proyecto del ser por lo Dasein. Experimentar el abandono del ser exige un salto al abismo, a la nada del ser, lo que abre el esenciar del ser desde su ausencia, tal como se muestra en la figura (...) de la tierra. Este salto implica la transformación del hombre en Dasein: no habría una identidad entre ellos pues lo Dasein no es un ente. Por último, describiremos cómo no habría en esto último una negación de la acción ni de las consideraciones ónticas. (shrink)

En este artículo examino dos excedencias descritas en Totalidad e infinito: el elemento y el rostro. Expongo en primer lugar cómo éstas desbordan lo perceptible, comprensible o domeñable. Mientras que la filosofía del elemento, de acuerdo con mi lectura, permite describir el modo en que hay aquello que es, i.e., el acontecer material de la presencia, el rostro del Otro expone una presencia que no es constituida, sino que se expresa y significa por sí misma. En segundo lugar, explicaré algunos (...) problemas en ambas excedencias que me llevarán a concluir con el carácter teológico de la filosofía levinasiana tanto respecto del Otro como respecto del elemento. Aun así, considero que los análisis levinasianos del elemento son muy fecundos para una fenomenología de la excedencia. (shrink)

El pensador napolitano Giambattista Vico (1668–1744) de reconocida autoridad en el campo de la investigación histórica es considerado, también, el inaugurador de la Filosofía de la Historia en una época en la cual aún no existía una denominación específica para designar ese tipo de estudio. No o..

El presente artículo presenta una serie de apuntes que buscan una aproximación a la dimensión política del concepto de ritornelo en Deleuze, por ello, no posee un carácter concluyente sino que su única pretensión es mostrar una problemática implícita, nos parece, en el ritornelo y su dimensión política, es decir, la expresión de la dimensión política en la relación del ritornelo con el cuerpo, dicha relación, nos mostraría al acto de resistencia como una alternativa política. Para ello; en el primer (...) apartado se revisan algunas características del ritornelo que, a nuestro criterio, son imprescindibles para comprender su dimensión política. En el segundo apartado presentamos una serie de apuntes que permiten aproximarnos a su dimensión política y al modo como ésta se relaciona con la creación de un Cuerpo sin Órganos problematizando dicha relación y mostrando que ésta se articula a partir de la resistencia como una alternativa política. Este recorrido nos permitirá mostrar en la conclusión que efectivamente existe una relación entre el ritornelo y el cuerpo sin órganos y que es solo a partir de su manifestación en el cuerpo que puede expresarse su dimensión política. (shrink)

En este ensayo se revisan algunos de los planteamientos de Imre Lakatos. El examen historiográfico, nos dice Lakatos, ha permitido comprobar que la comunidad científica, ha evaluado como importantes progresos del conocimiento y la investigación a programas que presentaban serias inconsistencias ..

The ideal-type is an empirical generalization of the axiological “must-be”. Its validity rests on an analysis matrix of society which in this article is applied to certain style of action considered as “enterprising”. This article examines the emergence of the “enterprising” type, after grounding th..

In the scope of social sciences (and particularly in the field of sociology) from the Sixties of the last century a series of theories and practices of investigation has arisen with force -these last ones, identified generally like qualitative- that declare to be inspired by the phenomenology (al..

Abstract`Authority', `competence' andother related concepts are determined on the basis ofthe concept of law as a dynamic order of norms. Thenorms which regulate the processes of norm creationestablish empowerments (Ermächtigungen). Thematerial domain of validity of the empowering norm iscalled `competence'. The concept of `person' inrelation to empowering norms yields the concepts of`organ' and `authority'. The spatial domain of thevalidity of these norms is the spatial or territorialjurisdiction. This paper analyses the basic norm andits legal functions; it considers the irregularity oflegal (...) acts and norms, as well as the legalconsequences thereof, namely nullity and annulment.Additionally, the Kelsenian `Tacit AlternativeClause' is criticized and a possible solution to theproblem of irregular norms is offered through newdefinitions of the existence, validity and legitimacyof norms. (shrink)

Imagination has received a great deal of attention in different fields such as psychology, philosophy and the cognitive sciences, in which some works provide a detailed account of the mechanisms involved in the creation and elaboration of imaginary worlds. Although imagination has also been formalized using different logical systems, none of them captures those dynamic mechanisms. In this work, we take inspiration from the Common Frame for Imagination Acts, that identifies the different processes involved in the creation of imaginary worlds, (...) and we use it to define a dynamic formal system called the Logic of Imagination Acts. We build our logic by using a possible-worlds semantics, together with a new set of static and dynamic modal operators. The role of the new dynamic operators is to call different algorithms that encode how the formal model is expanded in order to capture the different mechanisms involved in the creation and development of imaginary worlds. We provide the definitions of the language, the semantics and the algorithms, together with an example that shows how the model is expanded. By the end, we discuss some interesting features of our system, and we point out to possible lines of future work. (shrink)

Imagination has received a great deal of attention in different fields such as psychology, philosophy and the cognitive sciences, in which some works provide a detailed account of the mechanisms involved in the creation and elaboration of imaginary worlds. Although imagination has also been formalized using different logical systems, none of them captures those dynamic mechanisms. In this work, we take inspiration from the Common Frame for Imagination Acts, that identifies the different processes involved in the creation of imaginary worlds, (...) and we use it to define a dynamic formal system called the Logic of Imagination Acts. We build our logic by using a possible-worlds semantics, together with a new set of static and dynamic modal operators. The role of the new dynamic operators is to call different algorithms that encode how the formal model is expanded in order to capture the different mechanisms involved in the creation and development of imaginary worlds. We provide the definitions of the language, the semantics and the algorithms, together with an example that shows how the model is expanded. By the end, we discuss some interesting features of our system, and we point out to possible lines of future work. (shrink)

The concept of will to power is one of the most important Nietzsche’s theories, that deals with the capacity of a person to face death and the thought of his own sacrifice without any fear, in order to obtain one’s self-overcoming. The so called will to wreck is the most powerful objectification of will to power, and it is deep-rooted in European society, especially German popular ideology. Actually, it is possible to find this conception of will to wreck in connection (...) with will to power in Nibelungenlied, the greatest Nordic poem of 13th century, and, years and years later, in Nazi ideology (and of course Nietzsche himself), as a proof of the temporal continuity of this particular philosophy. A philosophy which is probably part of our psychology, and which is not likely to be easily forgotten though its terrible, destructive power. (shrink)

This essay examines Arendt’s descriptions of “Hottentots” in The Origins of Totalitarianism, especially the comparisons and contrasts she frequently draws between Hottentots and other peoples. In particular, Arendt highlights dehumanization of presumptively “civilized” people in comparing them to African “savages.” Close reading of such analogies demands that we look beyond the racial explanations that other scholars have offered and focus instead on how Arendt’s conception of humanity is bound up with a specific sense of culture that is antiprimitivist—exclusive of peoples (...) without history, primitives. Analysis of her moral anthropology uncovers the Cape Colony discourses and postenlightenment German philosophical supports that inform her antiprimitivism. However, Arendt’s antiprimitivism may not remain confined to Origins. In later essays, Arendt analyzes the various aspects of culture in instructive ways.Yet she also synthesizes culture concepts into a schema that introduces problems for her. (shrink)