Libro reseñado: Orden contrainsurgente y dominación. Autora: Vilma Liliana Franco Restrepo.

Libro reseñado: Orden contrainsurgente y dominación. Autora: Vilma Liliana Franco Restrepo.

CONTENIDO: Itinerarios nietzscheanos / Aníbal Córdoba M. / - Nietzscher y la historia / Luis Antonio Restrepo A. / - Lenguaje, genealogía e interpretación / Jairo Montoya G. / - El amor y la muerte en la vida y el pensamiento de Nietzsche / Carlos Mario González R. / - La caverna de la interpretación / Jorge Mario Mejía T. / - Genealogía y poder / Jean Paul Margot / - Nietzche y la escritura / Jorge Alberto Naranjo (...) M. / - Salud, enfermedad, música. Reflexiones sobre la filosofía de Friedrich Nietzsche / Javier Escobar I / - Nietzche y Deleuze: encuentros / Juan Gonzalo Moreno V. (shrink)

Indigenous health is becoming a top priority globally. The aim is to ensure equal health opportunities, with a focus on Indigenous populations who have faced historical disparities. Effective health interventions in Indigenous communities must incorporate Indigenous knowledge, beliefs, and worldviews to be culturally appropriate.

For millennia it has been discussed whether literature appropriately can or should be used in education for a moral purpose. Taking as a premise that it can actually be educative and not merely moralising, we tackle the case made against such use, based on the claim that it would be perverting the aesthetic nature of literature as a form of art, as it would be instrumentalised. Given that this claim is based on a dichotomy between an aesthetically educative approach and (...) a morally educative approach to literature, we examine how warranted such a formulation of this dichotomy is. We argue that, at least on some occasions, those two educative approaches to literature—the aesthetic and the moral—can actually be mutually reinforcing in such a way that aesthetic appreciation will suffer if the moral is not deeply examined with both mind and heart, and vice versa. This does not mean, however, that this relation of mutual contribution will always obtain in a neat way. It may actually be the case that just in a few cases, and only if carried out in a pedagogically appropriate manner, it will be correct to use literature with a morally educative purpose. (shrink)

RESUMEN Este artículo tiene por objetivo demostrar que el multiculturalismo de recepción legal en Colombia trae implícita una forma restringida de la otredad desde la identidad étnica, que fija un paradigma de vida vivible y, al mismo tiempo, construye la idea de aislamiento del otro no esencial. La hipótesis de trabajo se propone evidenciar que en los debates constituyentes del noventa, la otredad aparece como un concepto presupuesto por el multiculturalismo, el cual simplifica las formas de aparecimiento del otro y (...) con ello fija un paradigma sobre la vida que importa, es decir, un tipo de biopolítica específica. Para desarrollar esta hipótesis, el documento se encarga, en primer lugar, de evidenciar que el multiculturalismo en Colombia es principalmente una recepción legal que delimita un tipo de otredad específica. En segundo lugar, se expone la configuración legal del paradigma del otro desde la identidad étnica y, finalmente, propone una crítica a dicho paradigma, desde la ampliación del concepto de cultura, así como de la perspectiva de campo y de vida vivible, valiéndose de los recursos teóricos en las obras de Stuart Hall y Roberto Esposito. ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to show that the multiculturalism of legal reception in Colombia implies a restricted form of otherness that comes from ethnic identity. This otherness sets a livable life paradigm and, at the same time, builds the idea of isolation from the non-essential other. The main hypothesis is that in the constituent debates of the nineties, otherness appears as a concept presupposed by multiculturalism that simplifies the forms of appearance of the other and with it sets a paradigm of life that matters, that is, a specific type of biopolitics. In order to develop this hypothesis, first the document will show that multiculturalism in Colombia has mainly had a legal reception, which delimits a specific type of otherness. Second, it explains the legal configuration of the other's paradigm from ethnic identity. Finally, it proposes a critique of this paradigm, from an enlarged concept of culture, as well as from the perspective of field and livable life, using theoretical resources in the works of Stuart Hall and Roberto Esposito. (shrink)

Sermón en lengua de Chile, del jesuita granadino Luis de Valdivia, incluye, en su versión en español, varios términos en mapudungun, de estos ‘huecuvoe’, ‘marepuante’ y ‘pillan’ se explican como “equivalentes” a las divinidades del cristianismo. En este trabajo, apoyándonos en la etnohistoria, evaluamos su correspondencia con los referentes de la cultura mapuche y concluimos que se trata de conceptos que han sufrido un proceso de desplazamiento semántico motivado por la visión de mundo del locutor. De este modo, se genera (...) un discurso falible en su efectividad argumentativa. Sermón en lengua de Chile written by Spanish Jesuit Luis de Valdivia incorporates vocabulary from the Mapudungun language. Several terms in Mapudungun such as ‘huecovoe’, ‘marepuante’ and ‘pillan’, are explained as “equivalents” of Christian divinities. Based on ethnohistorical studies, in this paper we analyze the effective concept relationships and meaning in the Mapuche culture. The main findings suggest that these concepts have undergone a semantic change as a result of the writer’s worldviews. Thus, a fallible discourse is generated in its argument effectiveness. (shrink)

_ _ El objetivo del presente artículo de reflexión, es mostrar cómo en la obra de la norteamericana Judith Butler se ponen en tensión los presupuestos del _sujeto_ de la tradición liberal para la asignación de reconocimiento, permitiendo consolidar un puente desde su postura crítica a otras formas de aparecimiento de la otredad, que amplíen este concepto y que permitan apropiarse del viaje como recurso para su reconfiguración Palabras clave: reconocimiento, Judith Butler, otredad, viajes, outsider.

In their recent article, Porsdam Mann et al propose to share biomedical research data more widely, securely and efficiently using blockchain technologies. 1 They present compelling arguments for how the blockchain presents both a technological innovation, and a deontologically grounded policy innovation to traditional research consent. Their proposal can be read in conversation with a rich body of evidence to suggest current consent processes are problematic on at least one of tripartite bases in biomedical research: that it be fully informed. (...) This response attempts to further the author’s discussion of social justice discourse in, and of their proposed prosent model to enhance engagement among under-represented and vulnerable populations in research, specifically. Motivating this response is the view that advancing technological capabilities is no doubt necessary, but on its own insufficient to reinvigorate distributive, procedural and social justice as guiding principles for con/prosent processes. I offer three pros and cons to consider in effort to deepen the model’s commitments to social justice to historically marginalised groups in the biomedical research enterprise. (shrink)

In August 2021, Froese et al. published survey data collected from 2,543 respondents on their subjective experiences living under imposed social distancing measures during COVID-19 (1). The questionnaire was issued to respondents in the UK, Japan, and Mexico. By combining the authors’ expertise in phenomenological philosophy, phenomenological psychopathology, and enactive cognitive science, the questions were carefully phrased to prompt reports that would be useful to phenomenological investigation and theorizing (2–4). These questions reflected the various author’s research interests (e.g., technology, grief, (...) time). Between April 7th and July 31st, 2021, a second questionnaire with the same question set was issued to respondents of the original who had agreed to do a follow-up. This was intended to capture subjective reports of life under social distancing measures a year after the initial survey. By this time–depending on their country of residence and health status–respondents had potentially lived with repeated and prolonged lockdowns and a variety of other restrictions on their social lives. When taken together, Survey I and Survey II provide a cross-cultural and longitudinal dataset that allows for analysis of longer-term impacts of imposed social distancing measures on people’s experiences. For researchers working in diverse disciplines, this dataset offers a rich resource that reflects people’s reactions to the imposition of different social restrictions in different countries and over different time periods. (shrink)

Justo antes de la pandemia por COVID-19, la Organización Mundial de la Salud definió unas prioridades de trabajo para la década 2020-2030. Un grupo interdisciplinario de profesionales de la salud reflexiona sobre estas prioridades, determinando unas categorías de análisis y, desde una perspectiva bioética, analiza cada una de ellas, ve su pertinencia, algunos eventos causales, las implicaciones que pueden tener si no son enfrentadas adecuadamente y hace sugerencias sobre la forma de llevarlas a cabo. En esta primera entrega se analiza (...) el primer grupo de prioridades estratégicas: “poblaciones más sanas”. En las conclusiones se destaca la conveniencia de acometer cada una de ellas de una manera colaborativa, gubernamental y privada; de reestructurar el sector salud con base en estas prioridades, aprovechando la experiencia obtenida en la lucha contra el COVID-19. La relación del ser humano con el medio ambiente también debe cambiar, apelando a la responsabilidad humana por el cuidado del planeta. (shrink)

Kant no es considerado, generalmente, un filósofo político. Las obras de la razón crítica de Kant han sido asumidas como la parte más importante de su pensamiento. De tal manera que los especialistas han centrado sus investigaciones en la razón teórica de Kant y en su aproximación metafísica a la moralidad. Este artículo expone las relaciones entre tres conceptos básicos del pensamiento político de Kant: conflicto, libertad y sociedad civil. Sin embargo, el objetivo es mostrar como el punto de vista (...) político subsume la perspectiva moral, histórica y jurídica. (shrink)

Tradicionalmente la ética kantiana ha sido definida como una ética que asume una posición deontológica fuerte en la que las ideas de bien se sacrifican en relación con las ideas de la justicia. Mi objetivo en este ensayo es realizar un análisis del concepto buena voluntad en la Fundamentación de la Metafísica de las Costumbres, con el ánimo de explorar los límites del concepto de lo correcto en su interior. Asimismo, examinaré las razones que Kant argumenta para instaurar la prioridad (...) de la justicia. Pienso que después de analizar estos límites es posible ver con mayor claridad que la primacía de la justicia no implica necesariamente el sacrificio del bienestar del sujeto. (shrink)

This article approaches the largely known four objections that Hegel held against Kant: the formalism of moral principle, the criticism of autonomy and formalism, the objection of the abstract universalism in Kant′s ethics, and the terrorism of the pure reason. The purpose is to determine the extent of these objections in front of Kant′s critical thought. At the end of the text, I will support that in spite of different misunderstandings about Kant′s ethics; however Hegel inherited us a great lesson (...) that even crosses the contemporary ethical thought: the radical contraposition between justice (virtue) and the Sittlichkeit (the concrete and effective ethics) that leads us to the loss of the basic moral phenomenon. (shrink)

The concept of falsification, in general, has been studied at an abstract and meta-theoretical level in philosophy of science. The purpose of this paper is not to continue that procedure, but to establish an interdisciplinary analysis between philosophy of science and political science in a methodological perspective. The goal is to answer to the question: How do you put the concept of specification and the falsification process into practice in an empirical research in political science? In order to answer this (...) question, the paper is divided into three parts: the first explores the meaning of the falsification concept in Karl Popper; the second develops the meaning of the specification concept; and, finally, based on an article by Dirk de Bièvre, Falsification in Theory- Guided Empirical Social Research, and on a paper by Arndt Wonka, Concept Specification in Political Science Research, a practical reflection is made about the two aforementioned categories regarding their importance for social research. (shrink)

In this lecture I would like to show some of the principal characteristics about virtue in the Nicomachean Ethics, specifically I shall analyze books II and VI, where Aristotle defines the virtuous person as someone who has a disposition to make the right judgements as the φρόνιμος should have to do. I will try to determine what we mean exactly when we talk about the ethics of virtue. My aim is to reconstruct Aristotle’s picture of the rationality of action that (...) exists in the concept of virtue. For that reason I will explore the relations between virtue and others notions like: “phronēsis” (φρονήσις), the intellectual virtue (τῆς ρετὴς διανοητικῆς), the boulēsis (βούλησις), and the proairēsis (προαίρεσις). (shrink)

The relationship between Enlightenment and progress in David Hume is presented and discussed in the context of the Scottish Enlightenment. It is asserted that Hume’s thoughts on progress, although similar to those exposed by some of his contemporaries, are characterized by a sober conception of human action on history. Hume’s political and social philosophy proposes an interesting critical philosophy of history and progress, avoiding the undesirable extremes of naïveté and pessimism.

El objetivo de este estudio es presentar la apreciación de estudiantes y microempresarios, respecto de la aplicación de la metodología de aprendizaje-servicio. Se utilizó una encuesta de autoeficacia aplicada a estudiantes y una de satisfacción a microempresarios que recibieron la asesoría. Se pudo constatar que la experiencia de aprendizaje-servicio implementada, impactó positivamente en los estudiantes en su proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, desarrollando habilidades profesionales y sociales. Los microempresarios destacaron que se cumplieron las expectativas propuestas, y entre los aspectos por mejorar (...) señalaron: el tiempo asignado, la organización, y el alcance de la asesoría, les habría gustado desarrollar algo con mayor impacto. (shrink)

To practice environmental awareness is to leave a legacy for a better world and this will be achieved with the support of students and society, for this reason the main objective of this research is to describe and analyze the perspectives of environmental awareness in university students, for which the methodology of quantitative approach is used, correlational between its elements and predictive, in which 1324 university students who responded to a survey of 17 questions divided into four dimensions participated.

Ante ciertos modelos causales del agente libre inspirados en Tomás de Aquino, resulta interesante atender al modelo causal presentado por Tomás mismo, especialmente en un texto a partir del cual se puede rastrear la exposición de la acción libre como el efecto de los cuatro sentidos causales aristotélicos. Se trata de la cuestión sobre los actos imperados (ST I–II, q. 17); en cuyos primeros cuatro artículos –y en sus textos paralelos– determina que la voluntad es causa agente; la razón práctica, (...) causa ordenadora; y el imperium de ambas (razón y voluntad) se relaciona con el acto imperado como lo formal con lo material. (shrink)

La consideración de la coloración presentada por Hegel para establecer una categoría superior de ésta sobre el dibujo o del boceto se basa en que estos no son sustanciales en la representación pictórica. Hegel establece un punto de cambio respecto de las consideraciones que se tenía de la supremacía de la forma sobre lo colorido que planteaban autores como Immanuel Kant o Johan J. Winckelmann. Hegel se acerca a las concepciones del color de Goethe y Diderot para poder hacerse al (...) carácter subjetivo que hay en ella, donde el color se da en el ámbito de la percepción Humana independiente de cualquier teoría objetiva, pero al mismo tiempo permanece reacio a las leyes universales de la armonía que son fundamento de la teoría goethiana que funciona sólo para la filosofía natural pero no para la artística tal y como se refleja en la teoría de Diderot, y en la pintura Holandesa. (shrink)

Graphene is a nanomaterial with many promising and innovative applications, yet early studies indicate that graphene may pose risks to humans and the environment. According to ideas of responsible research and innovation, all relevant actors should strive to reduce risks related to technological innovations. Through semi-structured interviews, we investigated the idea of graphene as a risk held by two types of key actors: graphene researchers and innovation advisors at universities, where the latter are facilitating the movement of graphene from the (...) laboratory to the marketplace. The most common idea found is that graphene is not a risk due to, e.g., low toxicity, low amounts produced/used, and its similarity to harmless materials. However, some researchers and advisors also say that graphene is a risk, e.g., under certain conditions or due to a lack of risk-related information. We explain the co-existence of these seemingly contradictory ideas through the semantic ambiguity of the word risk and a risk/no-risk rhetoric, where risks are mentioned rhetorically only to be disregarded as manageable or negligible. We suggest that some of the ideas held by the researchers and innovation advisors constitute a challenge to responsible research and innovation regarding graphene. At the same time, we acknowledge the dilemma that the discourse of responsible innovation creates for the actors: denying graphene risks makes them irresponsible due to a lack of risk awareness, while affirming graphene risks makes them irresponsible due to their everyday engagement in graphene development. We therefore recommend more research into what researchers and innovation advisors should do in practice in order to qualify as responsible. (shrink)

Resumen: En este artículo se presentan y discuten los resultados preliminares de una investigación en torno a la competencia lingüístico-comunicativa en mapuzungun de niños procedentes de una zona reconocida por su alta vitalidad lingüística. La muestra del estudio se compone de 34 niños mapuches, de 6 a 10 años. Los datos se recogieron mediante la aplicación de un instrumento de medición directa, realizada individualmente en dependencias de la escuela rural a la que asisten los participantes. Los resultados generales muestran que (...) la competencia en la lengua es de un bajo nivel, y que el desempeño es mejor en comprensión que en producción. Se destacan cuatro casos que presentan niveles de competencia media o alta, y que corresponden a niños de mayor edad. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados a la luz de los procesos de adquisición y transmisión intergeneracional del mapuzungun.: This article presents and discusses the preliminary results of an investigation about the linguistic and communicative competence in mapuzungun of children from an area renowned for its high linguistic vitality. The sample consists of 34 Mapuche children between 6 and 10 years of age. Data were collected through the application of a direct measurement instrument. The application was carried out individually at the rural school attended by the participants. The overall results show low levels of language proficiency, and performance is better in comprehension than production. Four cases with medium or high level proficiency in mapuzungun, corresponding to older children, were highlighted. The implications of these results in light of the processes of language acquisition and the intergenerational transmission of mapuzungun are discussed. (shrink)