El tema de mi exposición aparece en la primera fila de un curso colectivo sobre la Revolución francesa. Pero debo comenzar declarando que no entraré, ni por un momento, en el análisis de ese conjunto extraordinario de acontecimientos históricos o en el estudio de sus causas y proyecciones. No es éste, por otra parte, un asunto de mi especialidad. Dentro del plan de nuestro curso colectivo, mi tarea es más modesta y aparece bien circunscripta. Me debo ocupar del sentido histórico (...) del siglo XVIII, para poder dilucidar si la voluntad revolucionaria de los hombres de 1789 proviene de la concepción de la vida histórica forjada por los pensadores de esa época o si, por el contrario, la niega o la transforma. En otras palabras, he de enfocar aquellos problemas que nos permitirán intentar, en último término, un análisis de las relaciones entre la conciencia histórica y la conciencia revolucionaria del siglo XVIII. (shrink)

En apéndice, se reproduce el programa completo del curso “Problemas éticos de la Filosofía de la Historia” dictado en 1939 por Guerrero en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Buenos Aires.

La fotografía que acompaña este dossier procede del acervo documental del Archivo General de la Nación y corresponde al curso “Problemática del trabajo en la Filosofía Moderna”, que Guerrero impartió en el Colegio Libre de Estudios Superiores en 1936. Fue reproducida en la revista Foro y Notariado de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, ilustrando una nota que informaba del fallecimiento de Guerrero el 7 de febrero de 1957.

Este dossier se concentra en el primer trabajo sobre filosofía de la historia de Luis Juan Guerrero, publicado originalmente en 1939 en la revista Cursos y Conferencias del Colegio Libre de Estudios Superiores de Buenos Aires. Se ofrece aquí el texto en una edición crítica, precedido de un estudio que traza el contexto histórico-filosófico de su elaboración, establece sus fuentes y precisa el lugar que ocupa en el pensamiento del autor y su relevancia en el escenario de (...) la filosofía argentina. En apéndice, se reproduce el programa completo del curso “Problemas éticos de la Filosofía de la Historia” dictado el mismo año por Guerrero en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. (shrink)

El presente artículo reconstruye la acción del filósofo argentino Luis Juan Guerrero como Delegado Interventor en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral durante la segunda presidencia de Hipólito Yrigoyen. Analiza su proyecto académico y su política institucional, focalizando especialmente en la renovación de la Sección de Filosofía y la creación del Instituto de Pedagogía. Elenfrentamiento entre el “normalismo” predominante en la comunidad docente de Paraná y el ideario del Movimiento de (...) la Reforma Universitaria de 1918, personificado por Guerrero y sus colaboradores, es estudiado dentro del contexto históricodel antiyrigoyenismodel gobierno provincial de Entre Ríos. (shrink)

In this paper I aim to analyze Guerrero's position as a reader of Heidegger, particularly the conceptual continuities and discontinuities between the Argentine philosopher's methodological proposal of an "operative aesthetic" and the essay on the art of the German thinker. We will concentrate on the first volume, Estética operatoria en tres direcciones. Revelación y acogimiento de la obra de arte and the essay "The origin of the work of art". Our hypothesis is that Guerrero is an anthropophagous reader: (...) While Guerrero support some of Heidegger's proposals in his essay on art, the Argentine philosopher is also critical and from the reading of “The origin of the work of art” he elaborates an original thought. Specifically Guerrero takes, I state, the phenomenological-hermeneutical methodology and applies it in an original way to the analysis of the work of art. (shrink)

In addition to the three stages of existence, Kierkegaard presents other existential forms based on the category of consciousness. One of these is that in which the self obstinately prefers to despair instead of accepting an external foundation and therefore keeping a radical hermetism.

En el presente trabajo nos proponemos analizar la lectura de Martin Heidegger en la _Estética operatoria_ por parte de Luis Juan Guerrero. La tesis a defender consiste en que “El origen de la obra de arte” tiene un rol central en la obra del filósofo argentino. Pero esto no quiere decir que Guerrero no sea un autor original o que sea un mero comentador del filósofo alemán, sino todo lo contrario: el filósofo argentino hace una lectura (...) productiva de Heidegger a partir de la cual elabora una filosofía propia y auténtica. Centrándonos en el ensayo sobre el arte de Heidegger y el primer tomo de la _Estética operatoria_, analizaremos tres puntos neurálgicos: el concepto de útil, la relación mundo y tierra y el vínculo entre historia y verdad. (shrink)

El presente artículo aborda un capítulo olvidado de la filosofía argentina del siglo veinte. Su tema principal es un curso sobre la filosofía de la Revolución francesa impartido por Luis Juan Guerrero en el Colegio Libre de Estudios Superiores de Buenos Aires en 1939. Tomando como punto de partida los programas de los cursos que Guerrero dictó como Profesor de Ética en la Universidad de Buenos Aires durante la década de 1930, el trabajo reconstruye en detalle (...) su argumento sobre la oposición entre la conciencia histórica y la conciencia revolucionaria inherente al pensamiento filosófico del siglo XVIII y proporciona relevante información sobre el contexto y las fuentes filosóficas, históricas y sociológicas que discute. This paper deals with a forgotten chapter of the Twentieth-century Argentine Philosophy. The main subject is a lecture-course on the Philosophy of the French Revolution delivered by Luis Juan Guerrero at the Colegio Libre de Estudios Superiores of Buenos Aires in 1939. By taking as a point of departure the syllabi of the courses that Guerrero gave as Professor of Ethics at the University of Buenos Aires during the 1930s, it reconstructs in detail his argument on the opposition between historical consciousness and revolutionary consciousness inherent to the philosophical thought of the eighteenth century. It also provides relevant background and contextual information about Guerrero's philosophical, historical and sociological sources. (shrink)

Se trata de una reseña bibliográfica del libro de Guerrero, Luis Juan Que es la belleza y otros ensayos, Buenos Aires, Biblos.

This paper straightforwardly addresses one of the strongest, from an ethical perspective, objections presented to the duty to die, the one concerned with the lack of a normative theory to support it, offered by Seay in his paper Can there be a “duty to die” without a normative theory? The aim of the paper is to provide strong metaethical grounds to support the duty to die without the need of a moral normative theory. First, the definition and main argument for (...) the duty to die will be presented. Second, Seay’s objection will be described and clearly explained. Third, our metaphysical assumptions and a preliminary metaethical discussion will be offered to situate and understand the context. Finally, we will show how the duty to die can be integrated within the metaethical approach previously presented, defending that there is no need of a normative theory to provide good justification and strong ethical grounds for the duty to die, because they will have already been provided by our metaethical argument. (shrink)

The present work analyzes the various expressions of the corporeal condition of human existence, from the complex, social and cultural construction of the subject and the subjectivities in Modernity, and works the metaphors of bodies (in their soma and in their psyche which are intimately linked with embodiment) disdained, mutilated and painful that are put on the scene of Latin American society, projecting what is admitted and what is forbidden, in the places of memory of resistances and dominations. Here, a (...) problematic relationship is drawn to the order and corporeal cosmos of history and society; In this way, the book expands an analysis by an inter and transdisciplinary history of the body in terms of symbolic construction and power-knowledge relations, which make it a field of events, a terrain of marriage of technical, linguistic and psychosocial devices in the aesthetic and suffering framework of the human and in the processes of subjectivation of the world. (shrink)

The De concordia, published by Juan Luis Vives in 1529 and dedicated to the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, is a comprehensive analysis of the social and political problems which were then afflicting Europe. It is the only such analysis undertaken by any of the Renaissance humanists. The De concordia merits a much more important place in Vives' oeuvre than scholars have hitherto given it. It is structured around the Augustinian concept of concordia and its antithesis, discordia. As (...) such, it is an explicit attempt to understand current history in metaphysical terms. Vives' intention is not to give strategic or tactical advice to Charles V, but to examine the general disorder of Europe with a view to determining its fundamental nature and significance. This is the first critical edition of the De concordia and the first English translation. (shrink)

The use of artificial intelligence in healthcare contexts is highly controversial for the (bio)ethical conundrums it creates. One of the main problems arising from its implementation is the lack of transparency of machine learning algorithms, which is thought to impede the patient’s autonomous choice regarding their medical decisions. If the patient is unable to clearly understand why and how an AI algorithm reached certain medical decision, their autonomy is being hovered. However, there are alternatives to prevent the negative impact of (...) AI opacity in shared (healthcare professional–patient) decision-making processes, and benefit from the high accuracy of such systems. Despite these ethical issues, this paper advocates for its usage and also defends the positive role that it could have in enhancing patients’ autonomy. I advocate for a system where the implementation of AI is only partial, and humans will remain in control of oversighting algorithm interpretation of medical images and patients’ data. (shrink)

Corruption is a serious problem in Mexico and the available information regarding the levels of academic dishonesty in Mexico is not very encouraging. Academic integrity is essential in any teaching-learning process focussed on achieving the highest standards of excellence and learning. Promoting and experiencing academic integrity within the university context has a twofold purpose: to achieve the necessary learnings and skills to appropriately perform a specific profession and to develop an ethical perspective which leads to correct decision making. The objective (...) of this study is to explore the relationship between academic integrity and ethical behaviour, particularly workplace behaviour. The study adopts a quantitative, hypothetical and deductive approach. A questionnaire was applied to 1203 college students to gather information regarding the frequency in which they undertake acts of dishonesty in different environments and in regards to the severity they assign to each type of infraction. The results reflect that students who report committing acts against academic integrity also report being involved in dishonest activities in other contexts, and that students who consider academic breaches less serious, report being engaged in academic misconduct more frequently in different contexts. In view of these results, it is unavoidable to reflect on the role that educational institutions and businesses can adopt in the development of programmes to promote a culture of academic integrity which: design educational experiences to foster learning, better prepare students to fully meet their academic obligations, highlight the benefits of doing so, prevent the severity and consequences of dishonest actions, discourage cheating and establish clear and efficient processes to sanction those students who are found responsible for academic breaches. (shrink)

El Menón es un buen ejemplo del uso de la ironía socrática como forma de refutación. Específicamente, la forma lógica de reducción al absurdo constituye un dispositivo muy relacionado con la ironía socrática. En este artículo, se examinan analíticamente los cuatro elementos de la ironía que se presentan en el diálogo: 1. el conocimiento falso como una posición inicial asumida por los interlocutores de Sócrates; 2. la igno­ rancia socrática; 3. la reducción al absurdo del falso saber inicial; y 4. (...) el reconocimiento del error y la ignorancia. (shrink)

This edited collection addresses the problem of how the creation of novel spaces of governance relates to imaginaries of connectivity in time.

Uberrima Fides is a legal doctrine that governs insurance contracts and expects all parties to the insurance agreement to act in good faith by declaring all material facts relative to a policy. The doctrine originated in England in 1766 with the case Carter v Boehm ruled by Lord Mansfield. Ever since, it has become, with some differences in interpretation, a cornerstone of insurance relationships around the world. The role that trust plays within it, however, is not simple and should not (...) be taken for granted. While it is expected that an idea of trust represents an order of truth, trust in itself is the outcome of a complex negotiation of moral orders. Semiotically, trust operates here not as a Kantian category for the understanding but as a signifier of an order of truth that upholds the possibility for insurance relationships. Trust, as sign, operates as a condition of possibility for the performance of insurance. In this article, a Foucaultian approach is employed to problematise the idea of trust and its role in insurance relationships. The case of mis-selling of insurance policies in the United Kingdom since the 1980s, which has given rise to numerous legal rulings, is used as the empirical site for the problematisation. (shrink)

One of the most complex and, at the same time, most important philosophical categories in Kierkegaard’s thought is that of “repetition”. To this notion Kierkegaard devotes one of his first pseudonymous works, namely, Repetition, by Constantin Constantius. This paper, firstly, explores the concept of “desperate and failed repetition” that plays an important role in Kierkegaardian irony. Secondly, it shows some parallel aspects found in Repetition and in Goethe’s novel, The Sorrows of Young Werther; this connection allows for a better understanding (...) of both works regarding despair linked to a failed repetition. (shrink)

La literatura latinoamericana requiere desarrollar una teoría literaria pertinente que describa su variedad y especificidad. Junto con esto, la crítica al pensamiento moderno occidental debe centrarse en el rescate del acervo cultural latinoamericano, ignorado por la modernidad occidental. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo ha sido el de develar la estructura dialógica de Yo, el supremo (1985) en contraposición a la perspectiva monológica, inherente a la cultura occidental. A partir de un análisis interpretativo de la teoría filosófica y (...) de la crítica literaria, la tesis central de este artículo elude un “universo unidimensional” para presentar un desplazamiento permanente de textos (voces) que incorpora nuevos significados al lenguaje afectado por la dinámica de la cultura occidental. La obra de Augusto Roa Bastos debe ser interpretada, más allá de sus características representativas, como parte de un proyecto universal y utópico donde la alienación del individuo moderno desparece para dar paso a un conjunto de nuevos significados. (shrink)

This paper argues for the theoretical and practical validity of similarity as a useful epistemological tool in scientific knowledge generation, specifically in chemistry. Classical analyses of similarity in philosophy of science do not account for the concept’s practical significance in scientific activities. We recur to examples from chemistry to counter the claim of authors like Quine or Goodman to the effect that similarity must be excluded from scientific practices . In conclusion we argue that more recent conceptualizations of the notion (...) of similarity, particularly Giere’s one, are appropriate for a philosophical analysis that considers scientific practices on equal terms with scientific theory. (shrink)