After recalling the fact that many Polish philosophers participated in national insurgences of the 18th and 19th centuries, the paper presents the philosophical standpoint held by representatives of the lost generation of Professor Władysław Tatarkiewicz’s pupils, killed during the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. The main features of this standpoint were: optimism, realism, creativism, and, first of all, patriotism.

Kazimierz Twardowski’s contribution to the evolution of logicin PolandTwardowski’s legacy, which has been published so far—and the detailed analysis of it—suf fices to consider him a classic of Polish semiotics. The published results of Twardowski in the field of methodology also deserve high scores. A new light on the contribution of Twardowski to the development of logic in Poland sheds the content of his unpublished legacy, including the content of his lectures on logic and unedited logical monographs. Firstly, Twardowski conducted (...) fruitful research on many methodological problems. The result of this research was—an unknown to a wider audience—a new approach to the theory of induction and an original sketch of the perspectives of the inductive method in metaphysics, the first in our literature such a comprehensive monograph on reasoning and reconstruction of the concept of understanding. Secondly, Twardowski referred in his unpublished lectures and monographs to the important results of the nineteenth-century formal logic, thus giving their students an important impulse for individual research in this field. In this text, I focus my attention on the logical issues raised by Twardowski just in his unpublished texts. (shrink)

Contents: POSSIBLE ONTOLOGIES. Jacek Juliusz JADACKI: Preface. Book I: Zdzis??l??aw AUGUSTYNEK: Point Eventism. An Outline of a Certain Ontology. Book II: Jacek Juliusz JADACKI: Ontological Minimum. DISCUSSIONS. Katarzyna PAPRZYCKA: Carnap and Leibniz on the Problem of Being. Piotr PRZYBYSZ: Polish Discussions about Reism.