Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Considering Merleau-Ponty’s treatment of Whitehead’s Concept of Nature, the paper regards the af fi nity between these two authors, in their characterisation of the de fi ciencies (...) of classical ontology and in their invention of concepts for a new approach to nature and ontology. Merleau-Ponty sees the task of philosophy of nature as the articulation of the two dimensions of Cartesianism, immaterial and material, in a single con fi guration, whose privileged site will be the ‘body proper’, as the insertion of matter into consciousness and consciousness into matter. Whitehead conceives this task as bringing together the idea of nature as a totality which is unaffected by our perceptual capture of it and the notion of perception as constitutive of nature. The conclusion evaluates the current stakes and political resonances of a philosophy of nature. (shrink)

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Pe. Alberto Antoniazzi revelou-se um teólogo preocupado fundamentalmente com a presença da Igreja no mundo de hoje e, de modo especial, na cidade. Desenvolveu uma eclesiologia centrada na missão da Igreja no sentido de Povo de Deus que abraça tanto o clero como os leigos. Além de uma prática de professor e formador do clero, contribuiu com reflexões sobre o ministério ordenado, compulsando as fontes neotestamentárias e a longa tradição histórica da Igreja. E deteve-se, outrossim, na relevância da atuação (...) do fiel cristão tanto no âmbito interno da Igreja quanto na sociedade. Palabras clave: Clero; Ministérios; Leigo; Igreja local; Evangelização; Cultura urbana. ABSTRACT Fr. Alberto Antoniazzi was a theologian deeply concerned with the presence of the church in today’s world, specially in cities. He developed an ecclesiology based on the church’s mission in the sense of God’s people, embracing both the clergy and the laity. Besides his practice as a professor engaged in the clergy qualification, he also contributed reflections on ões sobre o ministério ordenado, compulsando as fontes neotestamentárias e a longa tradição histórica da Igreja. The relevance of Christian believers’ performance within the church and in society was another focus of attention. Key words: Clergy; Ministries; Laity; Local Church; Evangelization; Urban culture. (shrink)

Resumo: Neste texto procuro fazer uma contextualização teórica a respeito dos fundamentos da sociologia da vida cotidiana, valendo-me dos seus princípios para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa em ciências sociais e da sua utilização como perspectiva metodológica. Nos percursos argumentativos que procuro desenvolver, situo o cenário e os sujeitos da pesquisa que motiva minhas reflexões, sinalizando alguns instrumentos necessários para a escavação do cotidiano. Tematizo os desvios das rotas do cotidiano e os desafios para a decifração dos seus enigmas. Enfatizo a (...) importância da construção de estratégias de observação do cotidiano, tendo as narrativas como matéria-prima para o seu conhecimento. Procuro entrelaçar os aportes teóricos de José Machado Pais e de Alberto Melucci no tocante às metodologias de pesquisa qualitativa com os caminhos investigativos construídos no meu estudo. Palavras-chave: Sociologia da vida cotidiana. Metodologias de pesquisa. Cotidiano.: In this text I try to contextualize theoretically the principles for the Sociology of daily life, making use of its principles for the development of a research in Social Sciences and its use as a methodological perspective. In the argumentative journey that I try to develop, I point out the scenery and the subjects of the research that motivate my reflections, indicating some instruments necessary to hollow out daily life. I discuss the bypasses from everyday’s routes in the construction of observatory strategies and the challenges to decipher their riddles. I also emphasize the construction of observation strategies for every day scenes, having narrative as raw-material for its knowledge. I try to interweave the theoretical approach at José Machado Pais and Alberto Melucci regarding all the equipment and qualitative technology with the research investigatory weights that were built in this study. Keywords: Sociology of daily life. Research methodology. Daily life. (shrink)

Neste texto procuro fazer uma contextualização teórica a respeito dos fundamentos da sociologia da vida cotidiana, valendo-me dos seus princípios para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa em ciências sociais e da sua utilização como perspectiva metodológica. Nos percursos argumentativos que procuro desenvolver, situo o cenário e os sujeitos da pesquisa que motiva minhas reflexões, sinalizando alguns instrumentos necessários para a escavação do cotidiano. Tematizo os desvios das rotas do cotidiano e os desafios para a decifração dos seus enigmas. Enfatizo a importância (...) da construção de estratégias de observação do cotidiano, tendo as narrativas como matéria-prima para o seu conhecimento. Procuro entrelaçar os aportes teóricos de José Machado Pais e de Alberto Melucci no tocante às metodologias de pesquisa qualitativa com os caminhos investigativos construídos no meu estudo. (shrink)

The aim of this paper is to argue against the received view among Unamuno scholars that Miguel de Unamuno was defending a sort of pragmatic argument for religious faith and that his notion of religious faith as “querer creer” (“wanting to believe”) is to be identified with William James’s “the will to believe”. As I will show in this paper, one of the aspects that makes Unamuno’s reasoning philosophically relevant is his ability to formulate a non-pragmatist defense of religious faith (...) without a prior commitment to the truth of any religious or theological statement and grounded in our longing for an endless existence through God’s Salvation. (shrink)

La pretensión de este artículo, presentado en un simposio sobre Teoríasde la verdad, es la de acercar unas breves pinceladas sobre lo que laantropología hace y puede decir, a otras disciplinas, en este casoconcreto, a la esfera del saber filosófico. El centro de todo el discurso que en adelante voy a realizar será un esfuerzo por dejar claro que elconocimiento no está fuera de la contextualización de un grupo socialdeterminado, y que por tanto, los universales que tantas teoríasepistemológicas nos han (...) mostrado a lo largo de la historia de la filosofíano son más que aplicables dentro de un esquema determinado cultural,pero no siempre y en todo lugar exportables o de aplicabilidad universal.Este es el motor interno que pretendo conseguir que se plasme en elinterior de la argumentación posterior. (shrink)

en el articulo “Crisis de la razón: crisis de la persona” se presenta la importancia de la trascendentalidad en el ser humano. El hombre ha perdido el sentido trascendental de su vida y esto ha ocurrido a causa, principalmente, de la errónea utilización de la razón y el progreso. Entender el progreso como facultad de perfeccionamiento y poder ilimitado implica graves consecuencias, entre las cuales se encuentra la pérdida de la trascendentalidad.

El estudio de la onomástica femenina de los Banū Marīn de Fez ha adolecido, por lo general, de un análisis profundo y monográfico, a pesar de la gran utilidad de dichos nombres para definir mejor distintos rasgos de la idiosincrasia de esta estirpe. El objetivo principal del presente trabajo es cubrir precisamente dicha laguna científica, ofreciendo un análisis tanto filológico como socio-cultural del amplio catálogo de nombres femeninos presentes en el árbol genealógico meriní, desde el rigor científico. Como se intentará (...) demostrar, tales denominaciones constituyen valiosos recursos para reconstruir la diversidad identitaria (étnica, geográfica, prosopográfica, cultural, etc.) no solo de este conjunto de mujeres, sino también de los soberanos con los que se relacionaron en distintas calidades familiares. Igualmente, tales nomenclaturas permiten identificar con una mayor precisión las estrategias de legitimación político-religiosa que esta estirpe diseñó tanto en el plano socio-cultural árabe como en el religioso islámico. (shrink)

Resumen: El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo describir las estrategias semánticas o representaciones cognitivas que construyen los diarios chilenos El Mercurio y La Cuarta, acerca de la cultura mapuche, a propósito de la cobertura periodística otorgada a la huelga de hambre protagonizada por prisioneros de esta etnia. Para ello, estudiaremos las estrategias discursivas usadas por los diarios mencionados y su correlación con las macroestructuras periodísticas que las reflejan, para finalmente analizar la lexicalización en la configuración de la alteridad mapuche. Se (...) utiliza como metodología el Análisis Crítico del Discurso (ACD) -en relación con el cuadrado ideológico (Van Dijk, 1999) y la lexicalización- y el modelo de Velázquez (2011) para el estudio del discurso periodístico en cuanto a la superestructura y la macroestructura de la noticia. Se concluye que los diarios analizados utilizan estrategias semántico-cognitivas etnocéntricas y discriminadoras al dar forma al cuadrado ideológico y su polarización entre los Otros /Nosotros. Abstract: The objective of this paper is to describe the semantic strategies, or cognitive representations, that El Mercurio and La Cuarta, Chilean newspapers, create about mapuche culture, in relation to the press coverage given to the hunger strike organised by prisoners of this ethnic group. For this, the discursive strategies used by the newspapers mentioned before, and the representation of their interrelationship with the macrostructures in journalism, which finally aim to analyze the lexicalization in the configuration of the mapuche otherness, were studied. The methodology consists of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) -in relation to the ideological square (Van Dijk, 1999) and lexicalization- and the Velazquez’ model (2011) for the study of the journalist discourse related to the superstructure and macrostructure of news. As a conclusion, the newspapers analysed use semantic and cognitive strategies to discriminate based on ethnocentrism, giving it a specific ideological square and polarisation between Others and Us. (shrink)

Resumen: El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo describir las estrategias semánticas o representaciones cognitivas que construyen los diarios chilenos El Mercurio y La Cuarta, acerca de la cultura mapuche, a propósito de la cobertura periodística otorgada a la huelga de hambre protagonizada por prisioneros de esta etnia. Para ello, estudiaremos las estrategias discursivas usadas por los diarios mencionados y su correlación con las macroestructuras periodísticas que las reflejan, para finalmente analizar la lexicalización en la configuración de la alteridad mapuche. Se (...) utiliza como metodología el Análisis Crítico del Discurso (ACD) -en relación con el cuadrado ideológico (Van Dijk, 1999) y la lexicalización- y el modelo de Velázquez (2011) para el estudio del discurso periodístico en cuanto a la superestructura y la macroestructura de la noticia. Se concluye que los diarios analizados utilizan estrategias semántico-cognitivas etnocéntricas y discriminadoras al dar forma al cuadrado ideológico y su polarización entre los Otros /Nosotros. Abstract: The objective of this paper is to describe the semantic strategies, or cognitive representations, that El Mercurio and La Cuarta, Chilean newspapers, create about mapuche culture, in relation to the press coverage given to the hunger strike organised by prisoners of this ethnic group. For this, the discursive strategies used by the newspapers mentioned before, and the representation of their interrelationship with the macrostructures in journalism, which finally aim to analyze the lexicalization in the configuration of the mapuche otherness, were studied. The methodology consists of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) -in relation to the ideological square (Van Dijk, 1999) and lexicalization- and the Velazquez’ model (2011) for the study of the journalist discourse related to the superstructure and macrostructure of news. As a conclusion, the newspapers analysed use semantic and cognitive strategies to discriminate based on ethnocentrism, giving it a specific ideological square and polarisation between Others and Us. (shrink)

Resumen: El trabajo se centrará en dar cuenta sobre la existencia de un territorio otro, invisibilizado por el logocentrismo y la historiografía tradicional del occidente moderno. Este territorio otro que denominamos territorios discursivos es una realidad que situamos en los discursos territoriales y que, dada su dimensión discursiva, puede ser develada mediante el análisis hermenéutico. Uno de los supuestos en que se basa esta investigación, es que los territorios discursivos actúan como el lugar desde el cual el discurso territorial llega (...) a ser el que es, a indicar una dirección y explicitar un sentido específico, en cualquiera de las formas institucionalizadas por una colectividad pero sin que se tenga plena conciencia o evidencia de éste. Por lo anterior, planteamos que los territorios discursivos se encuentran ligados a la imagen hologramática, condición que proponemos develar desde un trasfondo sociocultural y por medio de la interpretación hermenéutica de los discursos territoriales. (shrink)

Resumen: Los territorios discursivos se erigen mediante la conformación de dos dimensiones, una que atiende a sus componentes discursivos y la otra que responde a las características territoriales donde todo lo develado por medio del discurso se constituye en un holograma territorial-identitario. Esto significa que nos encontramos frente a un tipo de territorio tradicionalmente invisibilizado, en gran parte, por la subalternización de los discursos y la no consideración recursiva de los territorios. Por tanto, esta investigación pretende dar cuenta de los (...) componentes que hacen de los territorios discursivos una realidad territorial con sentidos reconocibles, tanto en sus aspectos simbólicos como materiales, desde un origen epistemológico que atiende a la naturaleza del fenómeno.: Discursive territories are created through the conformation of two dimensions, one that attends to its discursive components and the other that responds to the territorial characteristics where everything unveiled through discourse is constituted in a territorial-identity hologram. This means that we are facing a type of territory traditionally rendered invisible, in large part, by the subalternization of discourses and the recusal of territories. Therefore, this research aims to account for the components that make discursive territories a territorial reality with recognizable meanings, both in its symbolic and material aspects, from an epistemological origin that attends to the nature of the phenomenon. (shrink)

Resumen: El trabajo se centrará en dar cuenta sobre la existencia de un territorio otro, invisibilizado por el logocentrismo y la historiografía tradicional del occidente moderno. Este territorio otro que denominamos territorios discursivos es una realidad que situamos en los discursos territoriales y que, dada su dimensión discursiva, puede ser develada mediante el análisis hermenéutico. Uno de los supuestos en que se basa esta investigación, es que los territorios discursivos actúan como el lugar desde el cual el discurso territorial llega (...) a ser el que es, a indicar una dirección y explicitar un sentido específico, en cualquiera de las formas institucionalizadas por una colectividad pero sin que se tenga plena conciencia o evidencia de éste. Por lo anterior, planteamos que los territorios discursivos se encuentran ligados a la imagen hologramática, condición que proponemos develar desde un trasfondo sociocultural y por medio de la interpretación hermenéutica de los discursos territoriales.: This work focusses on giving an account of the existence of a territory other, made invisible by the logocentrism and the traditional historiography of the modern west. This territory other that we call discursive territories is a reality that we situate in territorial discourses and that, given its discursive dimension, can be revealed through hermeneutical analysis. One of the assumptions on which this research is based, is that the discursive territories act as the place from which the territorial discourse becomes what it is, to indicate a direction and to specify a specific meaning, in any of the forms institutionalized by a collectivity but without full awareness or evidence of it. Therefore, we propose that the discursive territories are linked to the hologram image, a condition that we suggest is revealed from a sociocultural background and through the hermeneutic interpretation of territorial discourses. (shrink)

Most of the existing studies on Bourdieu and the digital regards the social and class distinctions in the use of digital technologies, thus presupposing a certain transparency of technologies themselves. Our proposal is to refer to this attitude as “Bourdieu outside the digital.” Yet in this paper, another perspective called “Bourdieu inside the digital” is developed, which moves the focus on the effects of some emerging technologies on social distinctions and discrimination. The main hypothesis is that algorithms of machine learning (...) are producers and reproducers of habitus. Although their results present a greater granularity with respect to the standard techniques of the past, these algorithms still reduce individuals to categories, general trends, classes, and behaviors. Such a reduction has flattening effects on the individuals’ self-understanding, especially in terms of identity and interaction with the social world. This is the phenomenon described in the article as the “personalization without personality,” whose consequences are both existential and social-political. This idea will be illustrated through qualitative and comparative analysis between the correspondence analysis and the multiple correspondence analysis used by Bourdieu in his works and some of those techniques that are performed today in big data analytics. (shrink)

El fundamentalismo y el pentecostalismo constituyen movimientos de gran importancia dentro del cristianismo moderno. Provienen de una vertiente religiosa común y paulatinamente irán expandiéndose (a otras religiones, como el fundamentalismo) y diferenciándose. Inicialmente, se establecen posibles puntos de interrelación; y se postula que tanto el fundamentalismo, como el pentecostalismo, son movimientos reaccionarios a una modernidad ilustrada y secularizada que ha removido la centralidad de Dios (según los postulados de la tesis de la secularización); el primero reaccionando de una manera “racional”, (...) remitiéndose a una lectura literal de las escrituras, y el segundo de una manera “vivencial”, experimentando la religiosidad de una manera “directa”, mediante la glosolalia, el éxtasis u otras formas corporales. Para concluir, se afirma que ambos movimientos constituirían versiones contrapuestas de experiencia religiosa; con la particularidad de constituir comunidades firmemente establecidas y que reaccionan al mundo secular, según la perspectiva de la incertidumbre moderna de Zygmunt Bauman. (shrink)

Cultural evolution studies are characterized by the notion that culture evolves accordingly to broadly Darwinian principles. Yet how far the analogy between cultural and genetic evolution should be pushed is open to debate. Here, we examine a recent disagreement that concerns the extent to which cultural transmission should be considered a preservative mechanism allowing selection among different variants, or a transformative process in which individuals recreate variants each time they are transmitted. The latter is associated with the notion of “cultural (...) attraction”. This issue has generated much misunderstanding and confusion. We first clarify the respective positions, noting that there is in fact no substantive incompatibility between cultural attraction and standard cultural evolution approaches, beyond a difference in focus. Whether cultural transmission should be considered a preservative or reconstructive process is ultimately an empirical question, and we examine how both preservative and reconstructive cultural transmission has been studied in recent experimental research in cultural evolution. Finally, we discuss how the relative importance of preservative and reconstructive processes may depend on the granularity of analysis and the domain being studied. (shrink)

The first half of this article follows Mario Bunge’s early realist moves, his efforts to articulate the achievements of theoretical physics as gains in the quest for objective truth and understanding, particularly in the context of the fights against the idealist and subjectivist interpretations of quantum mechanics that, at least until the mid-1970s, prevailed in physics. Bunge’s answers to the problems of quantum mechanics provide a good angle for understanding how his realist positions grew on the “battlefield.” The second half (...) discusses Bunge’s general conception of the scientific realist stance and confronts it with some current approaches to realism in the mainstream literature. (shrink)

The aim of this chapter is to analyse the concept of love —understood in the broad and Christian-inspired sense of love as agape-charis love— in relation to the animes Dragon Ball and Dragon Ball Z. I first comment on the character of Piccolo —and how his friendship with Son Gohan— leads to him losing all his original villainous traits. I argue that the evolution of the character of Piccolo through his friendship with Son Gohan illustrates the philosophical claim that a (...) loving and giving of oneself to the other —far from being a sign of weakness— is a courageous and self-affirming exercise. The result may move the individual to an inner transformative experience that leads to the enjoyment of a renewed and authentic life that is worth living. I then argue that Son Goku’s respectful attitude towards his opponents is ultimately a loving attitude. Last, I argue that it is the inspiring and loving example of Son Goku that ultimately explains why characters such as Vegeta —who are at first presented as villains— end up losing their villainous traits after fighting against Son Goku. (shrink)

El individualismo imperante en las sociedades liberales contemporáneas se ha vuelto tan evidente, que parece imposible no cuestionarse acerca de sus causas. Lo que en un principio ofrecía el proyecto liberal, ahora demuestra serias consecuencias. En ese sentido, el diagnóstico realizado por el estadounidense, Patrick Deneen y por el actual epígono de la Escuela de Frankfurt, Axel Honneth, converge en un punto: ambos señalan que, desde su origen, el liberalismo presenta contradicciones internas. Si bien pertenecen a una tradición política muy (...) distinta, ambos logran aportar una lectura del individualismo que ayuda a comprender a fondo los fenómenos sociales actuales. Al mismo tiempo, estos autores proponen una reconsideración integral de las democracias liberales en el contexto global poniendo énfasis en lo que observan en la cotidianeidad: el quiebre de los vínculos humanos, la falta del reconocimiento de la dignidad humana y la pérdida de las comunidades. (shrink)

El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer una exposición sistemática de la propuesta filosófica de Joaquim Xirau (Figueras, 1895 – Ciudad de México, 1946), señalando así su interés filosófico al tiempo que se vinculan sus dos grandes obras ensayísticas de madurez, Amor y mundo (1940) y Lo fugaz y lo eterno (1942).

Introduction: Jai Mata Di (praise the mother goddess) -- Sutra 1: Samadhi, or yogic ecstasy -- Sutra 2: realization, or the practice of yoga -- Sutra 3: the Siddhis, or the magical powers -- Sutra 4: absolute freedom.

In this paper I will argue that Unamuno was conceiving of God (and ordinary, non-religious fictional characters more generally) in realist, though non-evidentially grounded, terms. I will point out that this way of conceiving of God allowed Unamuno to claim the actual existence of God (though as a fictional, purely humanly created character) and, with this, the possibility of there being an actual relationship between the concrete religious person and God without having to dispense with his own core claim that (...) religious faith is just a subjective, though natural and thus inevitable, human reaction. (shrink)

La llegada del covid-19 a Chile generó un gran cambio en la educación, se implementaron medidas estrictas de confinamiento la cual obligó a la educación presencial ir de manera virtual. La finalidad de este estudio es mostrar la percepción del estudiantado del programa Bachillerato en Ciencias de la Universidad Santo Tomás frente al proceso educativo virtual que se llevo a cabo en los años 2020-21. Se utilizó un cuestionario de tipo cualitativo, con 32 preguntas. Los resultados muestran que la educación (...) virtual en tiempos de pandemia, genero diversos factores de stress, problemas de conectividad, acceso a tecnologías y falta de aprendizaje. (shrink)

In Ockhamist branching-time logic [Prior 67], formulas are meant to be evaluated on a specified branch, or history, passing through the moment at hand. The linguistic counterpart of the manifoldness of future is a possibility operator which is read as `at some branch, or history (passing through the moment at hand)'. Both the bundled-trees semantics [Burgess 79] and the $\langle moment, history\rangle$ semantics [Thomason 84] for the possibility operator involve a quantification over sets of moments. The Ockhamist frames are (3-modal) (...) Kripke structures in which this second-order quantification is represented by a first-order quantification. The aim of the present paper is to investigate the notions of modal definability, validity, and axiomatizability concerning 3-modal frames which can be viewed as generalizations of Ockhamist frames. (shrink)

El Furry Fandom es una subcultura en torno al interés por animales o criaturas antropomórficas, pero apenas ha sido investigada su población hispanohablante, a pesar de la instigación de los medios de comunicación españoles reproduciendo estereotipos de los medios americanos. El artículo aborda cómo se construye la identidad furry en España y sus relaciones con la práctica del género (regulada sexualmente); así como el uso de jerga. El método consta de observación participante en foros y en entrevistas para análisis de (...) casos; lo cual permitió un análisis de contenidos diversos, repertorios interpretativos y un análisis crítico del discurso . Como conclusión, el furry fandom enmarca cuestiones feministas a partir de la metáfora del cyborg, tales como qué papel debe tener la ciencia, ideología sobre la naturaleza humana y la necesidad de coalición de identidades. (shrink)

The aim of this chapter is to analyze the movie Fight Club, directed by David Fincher, written by Jim Uhls, and first released in the fall of 1999. The movie is based on the homonym novel by Chuck Palahniuk, published in 1996. I will argue that Fight Club is to be understood in primarily existentialist, nonethical, and nonevidential terms, showing the struggle felt by each and every one of us to find a convincing answer to the question of what (if (...) anything) counts as an authentic life that is worth living. Moreover, I will argue that the movie does not merely illustrate the struggle and the existential angst it engenders; it also advances, if not strictly speaking a theoretical answer grounded in an indisputable philosophical reasoning, then at least a practical way to face it. It is only after positively endorsing the claim that absolutely nothing (whatever it may be) externally imposed on a person can give their life ultimate meaning that a person is free to engage in a conscious, laborious, and exhausting attempt at self-affirmation, a full and positive endorsement of one’s own authenticity. (shrink)