Results for 'Associative priming'

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  1.  40
    Associated Prime Number Magic Squares.Charles D. Shuldham - 1914 - The Monist 24 (3):472-475.
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  2.  7
    Associative priming in symbolic comparisons by adults and children.Marc Marschark, Margarita Azmitia & Allan Paivio - 1985 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 23 (6):459-461.
  3. Theories of associative priming.Tp Mcnamara - 1992 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 30 (6):441-441.
  4.  15
    Color-word interference: An investigation of the role of vocal conflict and Hunger in associative priming.Stanley Grand - 1968 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 77 (1):31.
  5. Association and the Mechanisms of Priming.Mike Dacey - 2019 - Journal of Cognitive Science 20 (3):281-321.
    In psychology, increasing interest in priming has brought with it a revival of associationist views. Association seems a natural explanation for priming: simple associative links carry subcritical levels of activation from representations of the prime stimulus to representations of the target stimulus. This then facilitates use of the representation of the target. I argue that the processes responsible for priming are not associative. They are more complex. Even so, associative models do get something right (...)
     
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  6. Repetition priming for newly formed and preexisting associations: Perceptual and conceptual influences.Goshen-Gottstein Yonatan & Moscovitch Morris - 1995 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 21.
     
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  7.  50
    Associative and semantic priming effects occur at very short stimulus-onset asynchronies in lexical decision and naming.Manuel Perea & Arcadio Gotor - 1997 - Cognition 62 (2):223-240.
  8. Priming as cue combination in associative memory.Ba Dosher & G. Rosedale - 1987 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 25 (5):337-337.
  9. Repetition priming for newly formed and preexisting associations.Y. Goshengottstein & M. Moscovitch - 1992 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 30 (6):456-456.
  10.  16
    Biologically primed acquisition of aversions and association of expected stimulus pairs: Two different forms of learning.Alfons Hamm - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (2):301-302.
    The present commentary emphasizes that the acquisition of fear always involves complex changes in several quasi-independent response systems. Stimulus-specific electrodermal response differentiation as well as the bias to overestimate the belongingness of certain stimulus pairs mainly indicates cognitive processes of selective orienting and attention. Emotion, however, also involves the activation of subcortical motivational circuits. Why certain stimuli acquire rapid access to these basic motivational systems is not explained by the expectancy bias model.
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  11.  28
    Priming and competition of associated memory representations: A comparison between response times and event-related potentials following lesions to left temporal cortex.Piai Vitória, Dronkers Nina & Knight Robert - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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  12.  38
    Increased response time of primed associates following an “episodic” hypnotic amnesia suggestion: A case of unconscious volition.Caleb Henry Smith, David A. Oakley & John Morton - 2013 - Consciousness and Cognition 22 (4):1305-1317.
    Following a hypnotic amnesia suggestion, highly hypnotically suggestible subjects may experience amnesia for events. Is there a failure to retrieve the material concerned from autobiographical memory, or is it retrieved but blocked from consciousness? Highly hypnotically suggestible subjects produced free-associates to a list of concrete nouns. They were then given an amnesia suggestion for that episode followed by another free association list, which included 15 critical words that had been previously presented. If episodic retrieval for the first trial had been (...)
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  13.  23
    Does sunshine prime loyal … or summer? Effects of associative relatedness on the evaluative priming effect in the valent/neutral categorisation task.Benedikt Werner, Elisabeth von Ramin, Adriaan Spruyt & Klaus Rothermund - 2018 - Cognition and Emotion 32 (1):222-230.
    After 30 years of research, the mechanisms underlying the evaluative priming effect are still a topic of debate. In this study, we tested whether the evaluative priming effect can result from associative relatedness rather than evaluative congruency. Stimuli that share the same evaluative connotation are more likely to show some degree of non-evaluative associative relatedness than stimuli that have a different evaluative connotation. Therefore, unless associative relatedness is explicitly controlled for, evaluative priming effects reported (...)
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  14. Semantic priming: perspectives from memory and word recognition.Timothy P. McNamara - 2005 - New York: Psychology Press.
    Semantic priming has been a focus of research in the cognitive sciences for more than 30 years and is commonly used as a tool for investigating other aspects of perception and cognition, such as word recognition, language comprehension, and knowledge representations. Semantic Priming: Perspectives from Memory and Word Recognition examines empirical and theoretical advancements in the understanding of semantic priming, providing a succinct, in-depth review of this important phenomenon, framed in terms of models of memory and models (...)
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  15.  25
    Affective and Identity Priming with Episodically Associated Stimuli.Jan De Houwer Dirk Hermans Paul Eelen - 1998 - Cognition and Emotion 12 (2):145-169.
  16.  41
    Cognitive processes in associative and categorical priming: A diffusion model analysis.Andreas Voss, Klaus Rothermund, Anne Gast & Dirk Wentura - 2013 - Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 142 (2):536.
  17.  26
    Do semantic priming and retrieval of stimulus-response associations depend on conscious perception?Maayan Avneon & Dominique Lamy - 2019 - Consciousness and Cognition 69:36-51.
  18.  19
    Feature activation during word recognition: action, visual, and associative-semantic priming effects.Kevin J. Y. Lam, Ton Dijkstra & Shirley-Ann Rueschemeyer - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6:127413.
    Embodied theories of language postulate that language meaning is stored in modality-specific brain areas generally involved in perception and action in the real world. However, the temporal dynamics of the interaction between modality-specific information and lexical-semantic processing remain unclear. We investigated the relative timing at which two types of modality-specific information (action-based and visual-form information) contribute to lexical-semantic comprehension. To this end, we applied a behavioral priming paradigm in which prime and target words were related with respect to (1) (...)
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  19.  15
    More evidence that mediated priming does not occur between semantic-phonological associates.Timothy P. McNamara & Stephanie A. Gray - 1990 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 28 (3):199-200.
  20.  22
    Priming semântico em crianças: efeitos da força de associação semântica e frequência do alvo.Candice Steffen Holderbaum & Jerusa Fumagalli de Salles - 2010 - Revista Aletheia 33:95-108.
    O priming semântico é um tipo de memória implícita que se caracteriza pelo efeito facilitador de um estímulo precedente no processamento de um estímulo posterior, causado pela relação semântica existente entre os dois. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar relações entre os efeitos de priming semânt..
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  21. Modelling functional priming and the associative boost.Scott McDonald & Will Lowe - 1998 - In Morton Ann Gernsbacher & Sharon J. Derry (eds.), Proceedings of the 20th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Lawerence Erlbaum. pp. 667--680.
  22.  24
    Familiarity, Priming, and Perception in Similarity Judgments.M. Hiatt Laura & J. Gregory Trafton - 2017 - Cognitive Science 41 (6):1450-1484.
    We present a novel way of accounting for similarity judgments. Our approach posits that similarity stems from three main sources—familiarity, priming, and inherent perceptual likeness. Here, we explore each of these constructs and demonstrate their individual and combined effectiveness in explaining similarity judgments. Using these three measures, our account of similarity explains ratings of simple, color-based perceptual stimuli that display asymmetry effects, as well as more complicated perceptual stimuli with structural properties; more traditional approaches to similarity solve one or (...)
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  23.  14
    Constructional associations trump lexical associations in processing valency coercion.Alessandro Lenci, Florent Perek & Lucia Busso - 2021 - Cognitive Linguistics 32 (2):287-318.
    The paper investigates the interaction of lexical and constructional meaning in valency coercion processing, and the effect of (in)compatibility between verb and construction for its successful resolution (Perek, Florent & Martin Hilpert. 2014. Constructional tolerance: Cross-linguistic differences in the acceptability of non-conventional uses of constructions. Constructions and Frames 6(2). 266–304; Yoon, Soyeon. 2019. Coercion and language change: A usage-based approach. Linguistic Research 36(1). 111–139). We present an online experiment on valency coercion (the first one on Italian), by means of a (...)
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  24.  62
    Visuospatial priming of the mental number line.Ivilin Stoianov, Peter Kramer, Carlo Umiltà & Marco Zorzi - 2008 - Cognition 106 (2):770-779.
    It has been argued that numbers are spatially organized along a "mental number line" that facilitates left-hand responses to small numbers, and right-hand responses to large numbers. We hypothesized that whenever the representations of visual and numerical space are concurrently activated, interactions can occur between them, before response selection. A spatial prime is processed faster than a numerical target, and consistent with our hypothesis, we found that such a spatial prime affects non-spatial, verbal responses more when the prime follows a (...)
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  25.  21
    A Prime Example of the Maluma/Takete Effect? Testing for Sound Symbolic Priming.David M. Sidhu & Penny M. Pexman - 2017 - Cognitive Science 41 (7):1958-1987.
    Certain nonwords, like maluma and takete, are associated with roundness and sharpness, respectively. However, this has typically been demonstrated using explicit tasks. We investigated whether this association would be detectable using a more implicit measure—a sequential priming task. We began with a replication of the standard Maluma/Takete effect before examining whether round and sharp nonword primes facilitated the categorization of congruent shapes. We found modest evidence of a priming effect in response accuracy. We next examined whether nonword primes (...)
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  26.  20
    Priming patient safety: A middle‐range theory of safety goal priming via safety culture communication.Patricia S. Groves & Jacinda L. Bunch - 2018 - Nursing Inquiry 25 (4):e12246.
    The aim of this paper is discussion of a new middle‐range theory of patient safety goal priming via safety culture communication. Bedside nurses are key to safe care, but there is little theory about how organizations can influence nursing behavior through safety culture to improve patient safety outcomes. We theorize patient safety goal priming via safety culture communication may support organizations in this endeavor. According to this theory, hospital safety culture communication activates a previously held patient safety goal (...)
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  27.  19
    Prime editing in plants and mammalian cells: Mechanism, achievements, limitations, and future prospects.V. Edwin Hillary & S. Antony Ceasar - 2022 - Bioessays 44 (9):2200032.
    Clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) system has revolutionized genetic research in the life sciences. Four classes of CRISPR/Cas‐derived genome editing agents, such as nuclease, base editor, recombinase, and prime editor have been introduced for engineering the genomes of diverse organisms. The recently introduced prime editing system offers precise editing without many off‐target effects than traditional CRISPR‐based systems. Many researchers have successfully applied this gene‐editing toolbox in diverse systems for various genome‐editing applications. This review presents the mechanism (...)
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  28.  29
    Using structural priming to test links between constructions: English caused-motion and resultative sentences inhibit each other.Tobias Ungerer - 2021 - Cognitive Linguistics 32 (3):389-420.
    Cognitive-linguistic theories commonly model speakers’ grammatical knowledge as a network of constructions related by a variety of associative links. The present study proposes that structural priming can provide psycholinguistic evidence of such links, and crucially, that the method can be extended to non-alternating constructions. In a comprehension priming experiment using the “maze” variant of self-paced reading, English caused-motion sentences were found to have an inhibitory effect by slowing down participants’ subsequent processing of resultatives, and vice versa, providing (...)
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  29.  12
    Priming Effects of Focus in Mandarin Chinese.Mengzhu Yan & Sasha Calhoun - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
    Psycholinguistic research has long established that focus-marked words have a processing advantage over other words in an utterance, e.g. they are recognised more quickly and remembered better. More recently, studies have shown that listeners infer contextual alternatives to a focused word in a spoken utterance, when marked with a contrastive accent, even when the alternatives are not explicitly mentioned in the discourse. This has been shown by strengthened priming of contextual alternatives to the word, but not other noncontrastive semantic (...)
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  30.  10
    Mediated priming of polysemous stimuli.Phebe Cramer - 1968 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 78 (1):137.
  31.  9
    One version of direct response priming requires automatization of the relevant associations but not awareness of the prime.Stuart T. Klapp - 2015 - Consciousness and Cognition 34:163-175.
  32.  25
    Attention please: No affective priming effects in a valent/neutral-categorisation task.Benedikt Werner & Klaus Rothermund - 2013 - Cognition and Emotion 27 (1):119-132.
    Affective congruency effects in the evaluation task can be explained by either spreading of activation or response competition. Eliminating effects of response compatibility by using other tasks (semantic categorisation, naming task) typically also eliminates affective congruency effects. However, there is no need for processing the affective information of the stimuli in these tasks either, which could be necessary for an affectively mediated spreading of activation (Spruyt et al., 2007, 2009, 2012). We introduced a new task to further test this hypothesis. (...)
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  33.  46
    Auditory Priming for Nonverbal Information: Implicit and Explicit Memory for Environmental Sounds.C. -Y. Peter Chiu & Daniel L. Schacter - 1995 - Consciousness and Cognition 4 (4):440-458.
    Three experiments examined repetition priming for meaningful environmental sounds in a sound stem identification paradigm using brief sound cues. Prior encoding of target sounds together with their associated names facilitated subsequent identification of sound stems relative to nonstudied controls. In contrast, prior exposure to names alone in the absence of the environmental sounds did not prime subsequent sound stem identification performance at all . Explicit and implicit memory were dissociated such that sound stem cued recall was higher following semantic (...)
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  34.  49
    Prime elements of subjectively experienced feelings and desires: Imaging the emotional cocktail.Ross W. Buck - 2012 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 35 (3):144-144.
    Primary affects exist at an ecological-communicative level of analysis, and therefore are not identifiable with specific brain regions. The constructionist view favored in the target article, that emotions emerge from “more basic psychological processes,” does not specify the nature of these processes. These more basic processes may actually involve specific neurochemical systems, that is, primary motivational-emotional systems (primes), associated with specific feelings and desires that combine to form the “cocktail” of experienced emotion.
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  35.  38
    Filling in the Gaps: Priming and the Ethics of Pharmaceutical Advertising.Paul Biegler - 2015 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 25 (2):193-230.
    A prime is a cue that makes associated concepts, behaviors, and goals more psychologically accessible to people, influencing their responses in subsequent related environments. I build a case that Direct to Consumer Advertising of Prescription Pharmaceuticals (DTCA) operates as a prime that causes some viewers to prefer and pursue the advertised drug. Drawing on literature from social psychology I show that people subject to priming are mostly unaware of its influence and liable to misattribute the reasons for their primed (...)
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  36.  39
    What’s in a link: Associative and taxonomic priming effects in the infant lexicon.Natalia Arias-Trejo & Kim Plunkett - 2013 - Cognition 128 (2):214-227.
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  37.  14
    Perceptual priming enhances the creation of new episodic memories.P. Gagnepain, K. Lebreton, B. Desgranges & F. Eustache - 2008 - Consciousness and Cognition 17 (1):276-287.
    In recent years, most studies of human memory systems have placed the emphasis on differences rather than on similarities. The present study sought to assess the impact of perceptual priming on the creation of new episodic memories. It was composed of three distinct experimental phases: an initial study phase, during which the number of repetitions of target words was manipulated; a perceptual priming test phase, involving both target and new control words, which constituted the incidental encoding phase of (...)
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  38.  16
    Does priming with awareness reflect explicit contamination? An approach with a response-time measure in word-stem completion.Séverine Fay, Michel Isingrini & Viviane Pouthas - 2005 - Consciousness and Cognition 14 (3):459-473.
    The present experiment investigates the involvement of awareness in functional dissociations between explicit and implicit tests. In the explicit condition, participants attempted to recall lexically or semantically studied words using word stems. In the implicit condition, they were instructed to complete each stem with the first word which came to mind. Subjective awareness was subsequently measured on an item-by-item basis. As voluntary retrieval strategies are known to be time consuming, the time taken to complete each stem was recorded. In the (...)
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  39.  27
    An Account of Interference in Associative Memory: Learning the Fan Effect.Robert Thomson, Anthony M. Harrison, J. Gregory Trafton & Laura M. Hiatt - 2017 - Topics in Cognitive Science 9 (1):69-82.
    Associative learning is an essential feature of human cognition, accounting for the influence of priming and interference effects on memory recall. Here, we extend our account of associative learning that learns asymmetric item-to-item associations over time via experience by including link maturation to balance associations between longer-term stability while still accounting for short-term variability. This account, combined with an existing account of activation strengthening and decay, predicts both human response times and error rates for the fan effect (...)
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  40. Searching for Control: Priming Randomness Increases the Evaluation of Ritual Efficacy.Cristine H. Legare & André L. Souza - 2014 - Cognitive Science 38 (1):152-161.
    Reestablishing feelings of control after experiencing uncertainty has long been considered a fundamental motive for human behavior. We propose that rituals (i.e., socially stipulated, causally opaque practices) provide a means for coping with the aversive feelings associated with randomness due to the perception of a connection between ritual action and a desired outcome. Two experiments were conducted (one in Brazil [n = 40] and another in the United States [n = 94]) to evaluate how the perceived efficacy of rituals is (...)
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  41.  53
    Integrating the Automatic and the Controlled: Strategies in Semantic Priming in an Attractor Network With Latching Dynamics.Itamar Lerner, Shlomo Bentin & Oren Shriki - 2014 - Cognitive Science 38 (8):1562-1603.
    Semantic priming has long been recognized to reflect, along with automatic semantic mechanisms, the contribution of controlled strategies. However, previous theories of controlled priming were mostly qualitative, lacking common grounds with modern mathematical models of automatic priming based on neural networks. Recently, we introduced a novel attractor network model of automatic semantic priming with latching dynamics. Here, we extend this work to show how the same model can also account for important findings regarding controlled processes. Assuming (...)
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  42. Prime-sight and blindsight.Lawrence Weiskrantz - 2002 - Consciousness and Cognition 11 (4):568-581.
    Listening to subject’s commentaries can be a useful spur to novel scientific departures, as in studies of blindsight. Recently further testing has been possible with subject DB, who was a blindsight patient tested intensively over a period of 10 years and who was the subject of the book, . Essentially his original capacity is the same or somewhat more sensitive. Some further types of discriminations have now been tested that were not possible in the original study. But a new feature (...)
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  43.  17
    An electrophysiological measure of priming of visual word-form.Ken A. Paller, Marta Kutas & Heather K. McIsaac - 1998 - Consciousness and Cognition 7 (1):54-66.
    Priming and recollection are expressions of human memory mediated by different brain events. These brain events were monitored while people discriminated words from nonwords. Mean response latencies were shorter for words that appeared in an earlier study phase than for new words. This priming effect was reduced when the letters of words in study-phase presentations were presented individually in succession as opposed to together as complete words. Based on this outcome, visual word-form priming was linked to a (...)
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  44.  6
    Prime Condition of Knowledge and Meno Problem. 김동현 - 2016 - Journal of the New Korean Philosophical Association 84:65-84.
    플라톤의 대화편 『메논』에서 제시되는 메논 문제는 지식이 단순하게 참인 믿음보다 더 가치 있는 이유가 무엇인지를 설명하는 문제이다. 이 문제에 대한 대답은, 지식이 단순하게 참인 믿음보다 더 가치가 있다는 플라톤의 결론을 받아들이는 비-교정주의와 그의 결론을 거부하는 교정주의로 나뉜다. 비-교정주의자인 티모시 윌리엄슨의 지식 이론에 의하면, 지식은 가장 보편적인 사실적 심적 상태이며 다른 인식론적으로 유관한 개념보다 더 근본적이다. 그리고 지식이 성립하기 위한 조건 역시 근본적이다. 즉 그는 지식 조건은 외재적 조건과 내재적 조건의 결합이라는 전통적인 생각을 거부한다. 이러한 지식 조건 근본성 논제로부터 지식은 단순하게 (...)
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  45.  44
    Persistence and accommodation in short‐term priming and other perceptual paradigms: temporal segregation through synaptic depression.David E. Huber & Randall C. O'Reilly - 2003 - Cognitive Science 27 (3):403-430.
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  46.  30
    Does subliminal priming of free response choices depend on task set or automatic response activation?Patrick A. O’Connor & W. Trammell Neill - 2011 - Consciousness and Cognition 20 (2):280-287.
    In a task requiring speeded bidirectional responses to arrow symbols , “free choice” responses to interspersed bidirectional stimuli are influenced by masked directional primes . By varying stimulus–response compatibility, we tested whether this priming effect is mediated by the conscious instructional set, or instead by pre-existing directional associations to the symbols. In two experiments, one group of participants was instructed to respond with the hand consistent with the implied direction of the arrow symbols, while another group was instructed to (...)
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  47.  48
    Corrupt politicians? Media priming effects on overtly expressed stereotypes toward politicians.Franziska Marquart & Florian Arendt - 2015 - Communications 40 (2):185-197.
    The present study investigates whether or not reading about corrupt politicians influences peoples’ subsequent judgments toward political actors’ supposed corruptness. We expected this media stereotype priming effect to be dependent on pre-existing implicit stereotypes. It was hypothesized that only those participants would show a media priming effect who already have a strong automatic association between ‘politicians’ and ‘corrupt’ in memory prior to reading a further facilitative article. Conversely, people who do not have a comparable biased cognitive association should (...)
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  48.  27
    Masked and unmasked priming in schizophrenia.Robyn Langdon, Matthew Finkbeiner, Michael H. Connors & Emily Connaughton - 2013 - Consciousness and Cognition 22 (4):1206-1213.
    Dehaene et al. (2003) showed an absence of conscious, but not masked, conflict effects when patients with schizophrenia performed a number-categorisation priming task. We aimed to replicate these influential results using a different word-categorisation priming task. Counter to Dehaene et al.'s findings, 21 patients and 20 healthy controls showed similar congruence effects for both masked and visible primes. Within patients, a reduced congruence effect for visible primes associated with longer duration of illness and more severe behavioural disorganisation. Patients, (...)
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  49.  33
    Spreading Activation in an Attractor Network With Latching Dynamics: Automatic Semantic Priming Revisited.Itamar Lerner, Shlomo Bentin & Oren Shriki - 2012 - Cognitive Science 36 (8):1339-1382.
    Localist models of spreading activation (SA) and models assuming distributed representations offer very different takes on semantic priming, a widely investigated paradigm in word recognition and semantic memory research. In this study, we implemented SA in an attractor neural network model with distributed representations and created a unified framework for the two approaches. Our models assume a synaptic depression mechanism leading to autonomous transitions between encoded memory patterns (latching dynamics), which account for the major characteristics of automatic semantic (...) in humans. Using computer simulations, we demonstrated how findings that challenged attractor‐based networks in the past, such as mediated and asymmetric priming, are a natural consequence of our present model’s dynamics. Puzzling results regarding backward priming were also given a straightforward explanation. In addition, the current model addresses some of the differences between semantic and associative relatedness and explains how these differences interact with stimulus onset asynchrony in priming experiments. (shrink)
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  50.  17
    An event-related potential study of cross-modal morphological and phonological priming.Timothy Justus, Jennifer Yang, Jary Larsen, Paul de Mornay Davies & Diane Swick - 2009 - Journal of Neurolinguistics 22 (6):584–604.
    The current work investigated whether differences in phonological overlap between the past- and present-tense forms of regular and irregular verbs can account for the graded neurophysiological effects of verb regularity observed in past-tense priming designs. Event-related potentials were recorded from 16 healthy participants who performed a lexical-decision task in which past-tense primes immediately preceded present-tense targets. To minimize intra-modal phonological priming effects, cross-modal presentation between auditory primes and visual targets was employed, and results were compared to a companion (...)
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