In response to the great crises of the COVID-19 coronavirus, virtually all new technologies protected by patent rights have been used in practice from diagnostics, therapeutic, medical equipment, and vaccine to prevention, tracking, and containment of COVID-19. However, the moral justification of patent rights is questioned when pharmaceutical patents conflict with public health. This paper proposes a revised approach of deciding on how to address the conflicts between business ethics and patent protections and then compares the different mechanisms of clearing (...) patent thickets. Our findings highlight that patent pledges may not only contribute to achieving the maximized substantive justice of the public but also help patent pledgors fulfill procedural justice. The advantages of patent pledges have attracted many patent holders to make public statements during the COVID-19 pandemic. In contrast, the disadvantages of a free license may make patent pledges not sustainable for a long time without the related supporting measures. Our findings will be helpful for policymakers or company managers to make an appropriate decision on rationally utilizing patent portfolios for fighting against public health crises. (shrink)

An improved image enhancement approach via nonsubsampled contourlet transform is proposed in this article. We constructed a geometric image transform by combining nonsubsampled directional filter banks and a nonlinear mapping function. Here, the NSCT of the input image is first decomposed for L-levels and its noise standard deviation is estimated. It is followed by calculating the noise variance and threshold calculation, and computing the magnitude of the corresponding coefficients in all directional subbands. Then, the nonlinear mapping function is used to (...) modify the NSCT coefficients for each directional subband, which keeps the coefficients of strong edges, amplifies the coefficients of weak edges, and zeros the noise coefficients. Finally, the enhanced image is reconstructed from the modified NSCT coefficients. Three experiments are carried out respectively on images from subjective vision quality and objective evaluation measures. The first experiment is the algorithm performed on images. The subsequent experiments are the information entropy and spatial frequency. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can gain better performance in enhancing the low-contrast parts of an image while keeping its clear edges. (shrink)

In recent years, many studies have been done to identify the factors that affect teacher emotions at schools. However, the empirical evidence on how teachers’ emotions influence students’ outcomes and performance is not extensive. Against this background, this study explored the correlation between teacher EI and student academic achievement and possible mechanisms may lie in this relationship. A sample of 365 Chinese teachers from 25 public middle schools participated in this study by completing measurements of teacher EI, teacher work engagement, (...) and teacher self-efficacy. The student academic achievement was assessed by the grades of the previous term reported by the students. The results indicated that teacher work engagement partially mediated the path from teacher EI and student academic achievement. Moderated mediation further showed that teachers with high self-efficacy had a more significant positive impact on the relationship between teacher work engagement and student academic achievement than teachers with low self-efficacy. The limitations of this study were also discussed. (shrink)

Traffic congestion is a common problem in many countries, especially in big cities. At present, China’s urban road traffic accidents occur frequently, the occurrence frequency is high, the accident causes traffic congestion, and accidents cause traffic congestion and vice versa. The occurrence of traffic accidents usually leads to the reduction of road traffic capacity and the formation of traffic bottlenecks, causing the traffic congestion. In this paper, the formation and propagation of traffic congestion are simulated by using the improved medium (...) traffic model, and the control strategy of congestion dissipation is studied. From the point of view of quantitative traffic congestion, the paper provides the fact that the simulation platform of urban traffic integration is constructed, and a feasible data analysis, learning, and parameter calibration method based on RBF neural network is proposed, which is used to determine the corresponding decision support system. The simulation results prove that the control strategy proposed in this paper is effective and feasible. According to the temporal and spatial evolution of the paper, we can see that the network has been improved on the whole. (shrink)

Constellations, Volume 29, Issue 3, Page 329-342, September 2022.

Creativity is an essential factor in ensuring the sustainable development of a society. Improving students’ creativity has gained much attention in education, especially in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics education. In a quasi-experimental design, this study examines the effectiveness of a project-based STEAM program on the development of creativity in Chinese elementary school science education. We selected two fourth-graders classes. One received a project-based STEAM program, and the other received a conventional science teaching over 6 weeks. Students’ creativity was (...) assessed before and after the intervention using a multi-method approach, including a test of divergent thinking, a story completion through the Consensus Assessment Technique, a creative self-efficacy measure, and a group-based creative project. Moreover, all students received a test of their science knowledge after the intervention. The results showed that compared with the control group, the creativity of the experimental group students improved significantly for 6 weeks at both individual and group level, even though their knowledge in science were comparable. This result confirmed the effectiveness of a project-based STEAM educational program improving elementary school students’ creativity. Implications are discussed. (shrink)

本书分“德治论坛”、“全球化与伦理问题论坛”、“青少年道德教育论坛”三部分,收录了“儒家伦理与道德义务的权利性条件”、“生命伦理学的前沿问题”、“荀子的生态伦理思想”、“科技时代性伦理问题的向度”等文 章。.

国家“十五”规划重点图书北京市“十五”规划重点图书北京市哲学社会科学“九五”规划重点项目北京市社会科学理论著作出版基金重点资助项目.

Heterogeneous institutional investors' shareholding preferences have been driven to change by the deepening of ESG investment philosophy. Therefore, we examine the impact of corporate ESG performance on institutional investors' shareholding preferences and its mechanism of action. We conduct mixed OLS and mediation effect tests using data on ESG responsibility scores and institutional investors' shareholding ratios of A-share listed companies in China from 2010 to 2020 as samples. We find that corporate ESG performance can significantly and robustly increase institutional investors' shareholdings; (...) the mediation effect analysis shows that overall corporate ESG performance contributes to increases in corporate book and market values, thus encouraging institutional investors to increase their shareholdings. The heterogeneity analysis shows that independent institutional investors attach more importance to corporate ESG responsibility performance, and long-term institutional investors attach more importance to corporate environmental performance; moreover, institutional investors have more significant ESG shareholding preferences for Chinese SOEs. Our study can strengthen the encouragement of institutional investors to integrate ESG investment concepts from multiple perspectives, such as research and analysis, portfolio management, risk control, and due diligence management, to design and develop targeted ESG investment tools, give full play to the role of shareholders and guide the sound development of listed companies from the perspective of investment strategy objectives. (shrink)

PurposeThis study aims to describe the adverse events following immunization of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in cancer patients/survivors associated with their psychological distress.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to assess AEFIs after the receipt of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in cancer patients/survivors attending a university hospital in Malaysia. Psychological distress was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale before and after the first and second doses of COVID-19 vaccine.ResultsA total of 217 complete responses were received. Compared with before vaccination, both HADS Anxiety and HADS (...) Depression scores were significantly reduced after the first and second dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Most of the participants had mild-or-moderate systemic and local AEFIs, with the most common being pain at the injection site, tiredness, and headache for both the first and second doses of the vaccine. Positive correlations between the total AEFI score and HADS-A and HADS-D scores were observed after the first dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Similarly, positive associations were observed between the total AEFI score and HADS-A and HADS-D scores after the second dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.ConclusionMild-to-moderate AEFIs found in this study help address vaccine hesitancy in cancer patients/survivors. Receiving the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine had a positive effect on decreasing psychological distress in cancer patients/survivors. High severity of an AEFI was associated with higher anxiety and depressive symptoms. (shrink)

在西化、現代化、全球化的衝擊下， 華人如何奮鬥掙扎，在公私領域裡安身立命？ 從思想史的角度切入， 就家族倫理、宗教信仰、美學思想、政治理念、文化衝擊、自我認同等面向， 析論梁啟超、李叔同、林語堂、徐復觀等民國知識分子， 深入呈現20世紀的華人精神世界。 在舊社會、舊道德傾頹之際，現代華人不僅要創建公私領域內的制度性架構，更要摸索相應的信仰與價值觀。《安身立命》探討梁啟超、李叔同、林語堂等人，如何分別在儒家、佛教、道家、基督教的引領下做生命的實踐；也以 徐復觀在台灣的經驗為例，說明兩岸文化如何激盪交融，和以儒家民主及儒家美學建立「華人現代性」的可能性。最後，作者李淑珍思考人格主義在全球化時代的意義，肯定儒家不論在公領域或私領域，依然是華人安身立命的重 要精神資源。全書理性與感性兼具，值得細細品味。.

本书包含三编,第1编为用图刻画的各种反基础公理系统(ZFCˉ+AFA(或者SAFA,FAFA以及反基础公理家族AFA~))建立不同的集论模型,从而证明各种反基础公理与ZFCˉ的相对协调性.第2编修正, 完善和丰富了巴威斯(J.Barwise)等人用代数方法——方程组刻画的反基础公理——解引理理论.第3编包括两个附录.附录1给出了结构之间的互摸拟理论.附录2给出了项目研究期间发表的部分论文.

“六经”是中国传统文化和中华民族优秀的思想文化遗产，也是推动当代社会文化不断前进发展的动力资源之一，所以值得深入研究。本书选取《穀梁》中有关中国传统政治伦理的几个核心问题，如死义、复仇、慎让等，通过经 典诠释的方法，以文本的深入解读，不同文本的对比和义理的细致阐发，对中国传统政治伦理意识的相关内容的形成和历史演变、基本内涵、主要特征，及其价值取向等，作了较为系统、深入的论述，并能提出自己的许多独立见 解。在一些文本解读和义理阐发上发人之所未发，取得了一些突破性的进展。.

李燕杰(1930~ ),北京人,首都师范大学教授,中华教育艺术研究会常务副理事长,《教育艺术》杂志社社长.

本书共分六章, 内容包括: 宋代官学发展的变化和需求; 程朱理学的官学教育活动; 理学式书院对南宋官学的扩充和借鉴; 理学教育理念和教材对官学教育的影响; 理学教育的多途径传播等.

本书所论范围涉及今日已为世人所忽略之孔庙, 宋明理学, 东亚比较儒学. 环绕《近思录》与《传习录》, 《大学》之文与图, 朱子与阳明, 以及韩国的权近, 曹植, 李滉等, 治学所历, 提出己见. --.

本书选取了典籍、语言、器物、文学、艺术、哲学等六个主要方面,各为一章,以及海外的中国文化热,共七章。.

本书主要介绍文学的社会作用、文学的特征、文学作品的内容和形式、文学作品的体裁、文学作品的分析等基本知识。.

本书阐述、分析、比较了西方2000多年来各个历史时期有代表性和有影响力的文论家的名著。.

中國「歷史敍事」源遠流長，濫觴於商周，成熟於戰國，至兩漢而鼎盛，其文本之豐贍多采，傲視寰宇。本書探討先秦兩漢「歷史敍事」，運用經傳、子史與出土文獻，以《左傳》、《國語》為主，輔以《清華大學藏戰國竹簡（ 貳）．繫年》、《上海博物館藏戰國楚竹書（五）．姑成家父》，以及歷代經生、儒士之議論，援引「敍事學」、「詮釋學」觀念，綰合傳統經史學、文章學，兼採宏觀與微觀方式，省察中國「歷史敍事」的源起、特色與承變及 其歷史、文化意義，乃當前探討先秦兩漢「歷史敍事」較為多元、全面的專著。.