Οι δύο από τις τρεις πινακίδες με γραμμική γραφή Β που βρέθηκαν το 1990 στα Χανιά (χρονολογημένες με βεβαιότητα από τους ανασκαφείς στο τέλος της ΤΜ ΙΙΙΒ1 = ±1250 π.Χ.) δεν εγράφησαν — τουλάχιστον με τρόπο που μπορεί να αποδειχτεί — από ένα γραφέα, ήδη γνωστό στην Κνωσό (η δραστηριότητα του οποίου, σύμφωνα με την επικρατούσα άποψη, τοποθετείται στην αρχή της ΥΜ ΙΙΙΑ2 = ±1370 π.Χ.). Το άρθρο μου στο BCH 1 17 (1993), σ. 19-33, με τίτλο « ΚΝ 1 (...) 15 = ΚΗ 1 15. Un même scribe à Knossos et à la Canée au MR. MB : du soupçon à la certitude » [« KN 115 = KH 1 15. Ο ίδιος γραφέας στην Κνωσό και τα Χανιά κατά την ΤΜ ΙΠΒ φάση : από την υποψία στη βεβαιότητα »], θα πρέπει πλέον να χρησιμοποιείται στο εξής με εξαιρετικά μεγάλη προσοχή, όσον αφορά στη χρονολογική και ιστορική συζήτηση γύρω από την (ή τις) καταστροφή (— φές) του μυκηναϊκού ανακτόρου της Κνωσού. (shrink)

Apostoli and Brown have shown that the class of formulae valid with respect to the class of -ary relational frames is completely axiomatized by Kn: an n-place aggregative system which adjoins [RM], [RN], and a complete axiomatization of propositional logic, with [Kn]:□α1 ∧...∧□αn+1 → □2/ is the disjunction of all pairwise conjunctions αi∧αj )).Their proof exploits the chromatic indices of n-uncolourable hypergraphs, or n-traces. Here, we use the notion of the χ-product of a family of sets to formulate an alternative (...) definition of an n-trace, which in turn enables a new and simpler completeness proof. (shrink)

Deux des trois tablettes en linéaire Β trouvées en 1990 à La Canée (datées avec certitude par les fouilleurs de la fin du MR IIIB1 : + 1250) ont été écrites par un scribe déjà connu à Knossos (lequel était supposé — suivant l'opinion la plus généralement acceptée — avoir exercé son activité au début du MR IIIA2 : + 1370). L'établissement de cette évidence épigraphique devra faire revoir — à la baisse — la datation d'au moins une des destructions (...) (la dernière?) du palais mycénien de Knossos et aura des conséquences non négligeables sur ce que l'on croyait savoir de plus d'un siècle de l'histoire de la civilisation mycénienne en Crète. (shrink)

Em busca de uma compreensão originária da filosofia entre 1919-1923, que incorpore a experienciação da vida em si e para si, e sem que essa ideia de realização de nossas vivências cotidianas dependa de representações abstratas, Martin Heidegger se confrontará criticamente com o cenário filosófico de sua época: a filosofia neokantiana, a fenomenologia, a hermenêutica e as filosofias da vida, entre outros. Para captar essa nova compreensão do pensamento filosófico no quadro de uma concepção hermenêutica da fenomenologia em gestação, o (...) presente artigo abordará os primeiros cinco parágrafos do KNS de 1919 à luz tanto do próprio curso como das preleções ministradas na primeira docência na Universidade em Freiburg. Nesses parágrafos a ideia da filosofia, compreendida como “ciência originária da vida” terá seu ponto de partida e seu âmbito problemático na “vida fática”, interpretada como verdadeiro e autêntico Faktum do pensamento. (shrink)

kn. 1. Antichnai︠a︡ filosofii︠a︡ v mirovoĭ filosofskoĭ mysli -- kn. 2. Naturfilosofskai︠a︡ modelʹ bytii︠a︡--kn. 3. Antropologicheskai︠a︡ modelʹ bytii︠a︡.

Kn. 1. Filosofsko-teoreticheskie istochniki -- kn. 2. Ėtika biznesa kak sistemoobrazui︠u︡shchiĭ print︠s︡ip formirovanii︠a︡ sovremennoĭ ėkonomicheskoĭ kulʹtury.

-- kn. 2. Materinskai͡a ėtika-nasha edinstvennai͡a nadezhda -- kn. 4, ch. 2. Ėnergeticheskai͡a diagnostika materialisticheskikh znaniĭ -- kn. 5. Ėnergogenez (ėnergetizm,, neproblema zhizni) -- kn. 6, ch. 1-2; ch. 4. Zametki ėnergetista o religii materializma -- kn. 8, ch. 1. Zhivitelʹnyi̐ rodnik ėnergetizma.

kn. 1. Sushchnostnoe vosprii︠a︡tie slova.

kn. 1. Chislo i forma v zhivoĭ prirode -- kn. 2. Iskusstvo arkhitektury.

Kn. 1. Problema individualʹnogo bessmertii︠a︡ v istorii russkoĭ filosofskoĭ mysli XIX-XX stoletiĭ.

kn. 1. Ot vozniknovenii︠a︡ marksistskoĭ filosofii do ee razvitii︠a︡ v 50-kh-60 godakh XIX veka.--kn. 2. Razvitie marksistskoĭ filosofii vo vtoroĭ polovine XIX veka.

kn. 1. Filosofii︠a︡ starodavnʹoho svitu.

kn. 1. Predystorii͡a, zasedanii͡a -- kn. 2. Khronika, portrety.

[kn. 1]. Without special title -- kn. 2. Obrazolohika systemy boh i Boh -- kn. 3. Katehorii︠a︡ obrazu.

kn. 1. Poni︠a︡tti︠a︡ osvity: zmist ta predmetne pole -- kn. 2. Strukturno-funkt︠s︡ionalʹnyĭ analiz osvity -- k. 3. Ekzystent︠s︡iĭnyĭ prostir osvity -- kn. 4. Ukraïnsʹka osvita: istorii︠a︡ stanovlenni︠a︡, rozvytok, modernizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ -- kn. 5. Statti ta interv'i︠u︡.

[kn. 1] Prostranstvo i vremi︠a︡ v nezhivoĭ i zhivoĭ prirode --kn. 2. Nauchnai︠a︡ myslʹ kak planetnoe i︠a︡vlenie.

kn. 1. Muzykovedenie, filosofii͡a iskusstva -- kn. 2. Istorii͡a obrazovanii͡a, problemy pedagogiki -- kn. 3. Istorii͡a i teorii͡a muzyki, istorii͡a ispolnitelʹstava, Metodika i praktika professionalʹnogo obrazovanii͡a.

Kn. 1. O tvorcheskom puti i ideakh S. N. Bulgakova.

kn. 1. Muzykovedenie, filosofii͡a iskusstva -- kn. 2. Istorii͡a obrazovanii͡a, problemy pedagogiki -- kn. 3. Istorii͡a i teorii͡a muzyki, istorii͡a ispolnitelʹstava, Metodika i praktika professionalʹnogo obrazovanii͡a.

kn. 1. Vechnye voprosy v svete nauki, filosofii religii.

According to Frege, n=Kn, where n is any cardinal number and Kn is the class of all n-tuples. According to Von Neumann, n=Kpn, where Kpn is the class of all of n's predecessors. These analyses are prima facie incompatible with each other, given that Kn≠Kpn, for n>0. In the present paper it is shown that these analyses are in fact compatible with each other, for the reason that each analysis can and ultimately must be interpreted as being to the effect (...) that n=Cn, where Cn is the class of all ordered pairs <Kn#,Rn#>, where Kn# is an arbitrary class and Rn# is an arbitrary relation such that a class k has n-many members exactly if k bears Rn# to Kn#. (shrink)

kn. 1. Filosofii︠a︡ cheloveka i ego predelov -- kn. 2. Predely muzhskogo i zhenskogo.

kn. 1. Odinochesstvo zhenskoe i muzhskoe -- kn. 2. Li︠u︡di toski i li︠u︡di skuki.

Knʹ. 1. Pojam drzhave, drzhavne funkt︠s︡ije. -- knʹ. 2. Drzhavna organizat︠s︡ija, poratha drzhava.

Contextualists offer "high-low standards" practical cases to show that a variety of knowledge standards are in play in different ordinary contexts. These cases show nothing of the sort, I maintain. However Keith DeRose gives an ingenious argument that standards for knowledge do go up in high-stakes cases. According to the knowledge account of assertion (Kn), only knowledge warrants assertion. Kn combined with the context sensitivity of assertability yields contextualism about knowledge. But is Kn correct? I offer a rival account of (...) warranted assertion and argue that it beats Kn as a response to the "knowledge" version of Moore's Paradox. (shrink)

We construct a nontrivial definable type V field topology on any dp-minimal field K that is not strongly minimal, and prove that definable subsets of Kn have small boundary. Using this topology and...

Weakly Aggregative Modal Logic (WAML) is a collection of disguised polyadic modal logics with n-ary modalities whose arguments are all the same. WAML has some interesting applications on epistemic logic and logic of games, so we study some basic model theoretical aspects of WAML in this paper. Specifically, we give a van Benthem-Rosen characterization theorem of WAML based on an intuitive notion of bisimulation and show that each basic WAML system Kn lacks Craig Interpolation.

Abstract This paper argues that in modern (agro)biotechnology, (un)naturalness as an argument contributed to a stalemate in public debate about innovative technologies. Naturalness in this is often placed opposite to human disruption. It also often serves as a label that shapes moral acceptance or rejection of agricultural innovative technologies. The cause of this lies in the use of nature as a closed, static reference to naturalness, while in fact “nature” is an open and dynamic concept with many different meanings. We (...) propose an approach for a dynamic framework that permits an integrative use of naturalness in debate, by connecting three sorts of meaning that return regularly in the arguments brought forward in debate; cultural, technological, and ecological. We present these as aspects of nature that are always present in the argument of naturalness. The approach proposes a dynamic relation between these aspects, formed by gradients of naturalness, which in turn are related to ethical concerns. In this way we come to an overview that makes it possible to give individual arguments a relative place and that does justice to the temporality of the concept of nature and the underlying ethical concerns stakeholders have in respect to innovation in agriculture. Content Type Journal Article Category Articles Pages 1-16 DOI 10.1007/s10806-011-9359-6 Authors P. F. Van Haperen, Wageningen University and Research Centre, META, Hollandseweg 1, 6707 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands B. Gremmen, Wageningen University and Research Centre, META, Hollandseweg 1, 6707 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands J. Jacobs, Wageningen University and Research Centre, META, Hollandseweg 1, 6707 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands Journal Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics Online ISSN 1573-322X Print ISSN 1187-7863. (shrink)

Rationalization in the sense of biased self-justification is very familiar. It's not cheating because everyone else is doing it too. I didn't report the abuse because it wasn't my place. I understated my income this year because I paid too much in tax last year. I'm only a social smoker, so I won't get cancer. The mental mechanisms subserving rationalization have been studied closely by psychologists. However, when viewed against the backdrop of philosophical accounts of the regulative role of truth (...) in doxastic deliberation , rationalization can look very puzzling. Almost all contemporary philosophers endorse a version of the thesis of deliberative exclusivity—a thinker cannot in full consciousness decide whether to believe that p in a way that issues directly in forming a belief by adducing anything other than considerations that he or she regards as relevant to the truth of p. But, as I argue, rationalization involves the weighing of considerations that the thinker kn.. (shrink)

Let N be a transitive model of ZFC such that ωN ⊂ N and P(R) ⊂ N. Assume that both V and N satisfy "the core model K exists." Then KN is an iterate of K. i.e., there exists an iteration tree J on K such that J has successor length and $\mathit{M}_{\infty}^{\mathit{J}}=K^{N}$. Moreover, if there exists an elementary embedding π: V → N then the iteration map associated to the main branch of J equals π ↾ K. (This answers (...) a question of W. H. Woodin, M. Gitik, and others.) The hypothesis that P(R) ⊂ N is not needed if there does not exist a transitive model of ZFC with infinitely many Woodin cardinals. (shrink)

Legal battles continue in the UK over the Government’s plans to transport asylum seekers arriving on British shores to Rwanda in East Africa. Originally announced as a system for ‘processing’ asylum seekers, the Government has subsequently made it clear that there would not be an option for asylum seekers to return to the UK. The arrangement forms part of a deal between the UK and Rwanda, with the UK promising to invest £120 m in economic growth and development in Rwanda, (...) along with financing the cost of the ‘offshored’ asylum operation.1 The Government states that the policy is designed to break the business model of people traffickers involved in facilitating hazardous trips across the Channel in small, overcrowded and unseaworthy craft, leading to multiple drownings. Critics argue that the policy will do nothing to stop desperate people from seeking refuge in the UK, that transferring already traumatised people to Rwanda – which has been criticised for its human rights record – is inhumane and potentially outwith international law. Medical bodies, including the BMA, along with refugee organisations have expressed serious concerns about the health impact of such a system of ‘offshoring’. An equivalent system in Australia has been notorious for the devastating health impacts on those ‘offshored’ to the Pacific islands of Manus and Naura. Unusually in the UK the offshoring proposals have been greeted by unanimous condemnation by the Church of England. The lawfulness of the process is also subject to question. On the 14 July, a plane carrying a small number of asylum seekers to Rwanda was halted shortly before take-off following an intervention by the European Court of Human Rights. The ECtHR, part of the Council of Europe, of which the UK is still a member, said an Iraqi man known as KN faced ‘a real …. (shrink)

We consider interpretable topological spaces and topological groups in a p-adically closed field K. We identify a special class of “admissible topologies” with topological tameness properties like generic continuity, similar to the topology on definable subsets of Kn. We show that every interpretable set has at least one admissible topology, and that every interpretable group has a unique admissible group topology. We then consider definable compactness (in the sense of Fornasiero) on interpretable groups. We show that an interpretable group is (...) definably compact if and only if it has finitely satisfiable generics (fsg), generalizing an earlier result on definable groups. As a consequence, we see that fsg is a definable property in definable families of interpretable groups, and that any fsg interpretable group defined over Qp is definably isomorphic to a definable group. (shrink)

Niche construction is a concept that captures a wide array of biological phenomena, from the environmental effects of metabolism to the creation of complex structures such as termite mounds and beaver dams. A central point in niche construction theory is that organisms do not just passively undergo developmental, ecological, or evolutionary processes, but are also active participants in them Evolution: From molecules to men, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1983; Laland KN, Odling-Smee J, Feldman MW, In: KN Laland and T Uller (...) Evolutionary causation: Biological and philosophical reflections, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2019). In this paper, we distinguish between two fundamentally different ways in which organisms are active participants: as agents and as contributors. Roughly, organisms act as agents when niche constructing effects are a result of a goal-directed behavior over which the organisms have some degree of control. Organisms act as contributors when the niche constructing effects do not arise from a goal to perform the constructive activity. As illustrative examples we discuss plants altering leaf-morphology to optimize light exposure as reported by Sultan and bacteria creating novel niches through excreting energy-rich metabolites. The difference between agential and contributional niche construction is important for understanding the different ways organisms can actively participate in development, ecology, and evolution. Additionally, this distinction can increase our understanding of how the capacity of agency is distributed across the tree of life and how agency influences developmental and evolutionary processes. (shrink)

T o educate citizens for democra c y appears to be the goal of pluralist societies, but not for a n y fo r m of democratic o r ganization, but for one that understands that the ex ercise of personal autono m y and the training of the will through the l o gic of dial o gue are indispensa b le. T o reach this goal, it seems necessa r y to cult i v ate human capital (technical (...) skills and kn o wledge), social capital (social skills) and the p r udence to d e v elop a good life. But not on l y that, also needed is a sense of justice, e x ercised within the fram e w ork of mutual rec o gnition in the fram e w ork of a dial o gue that is built not on l y on l o gic but also on sentiment. T o spell out these points is the aim of this a r ticle. (shrink)

Associate to any linear ordering on the integers the mapping whose value on n is the cardinality of {kn; kn}: a purely combinatorial characterization for the mappings associated to the well-orderings is established.

In this paper we study some logics related to the logic of place introduced by von Wright and studied by Segerberg. For every we study the logic of the class of frames whose accessibility relation R satisfies the following condition: if then there is such that . For a fixed the logic is the one axiomatized by K , which we call Kn.4B, where . We prove that these logics are canonical and hence complete, and that they have the finite (...) model property, being thus decidable. We also characterize their classes of frames. In the way of studying them we also study the logics , called Kn.4, and , called Kn.B. A translation between these logics and S5 is also presented, and the relation among them all is established. (shrink)

In “Obligations of the Gift,” Lee argues that ethical thinking regarding return of genetic research results has been too narrowly focused on individual consent and participants’ “right to kn...

The theriosphere refers to a site of exchange, interaction, and hybridization where the forms and behaviors of the θήρ, the wild animal or living creature, deeply form the being and becoming of the particular animal human. In a dynamic, vibrant, and multifaceted context of interactions and influences between different animals, humans as a primate with a prolonged period of care for their young are dependent on social engagement and open to the world in an ongoing way that makes them permanently (...) dependent on animal interactions and references. Plurispecific maternal communities account for interspecific social and domestic units found throughout human societies and among many accounts and videos of interspecies friendship. Human observation and imitation of animals is a key source of the development of human behaviors and a means of extending the capabilities of the human body. Animal forms influence human art and inquiry from music to painting and engineering. Nonhuman animals are kn.. (shrink)

This article explores the effects of our technological way of war, for the first time driving toward total combatant immunity, on the psyche of combatants and the ethos of a warrior. It is a plea for the preservation of a warrior spirit, or at least a warrior class, that views war in a philosophical and personal manner. The article posits that without a sense of the tragic, without a personal test of will and skill often at great individual risk, we (...) can find no real meaning in war. It argues that the warrior dimension of immunity in warfare has somehow altered our experience of war, yet the effects of this ‘virtual war’ are still ambiguous – we do not yet know whether executing warfare through long-distance video desensitizes the ‘remote warrior’ or enhances his/her experience of killing. We do not yet know how combatants ‘commuting’ to war from home and being transported 7000 miles into battle through this ‘miracle’ of technology will handle the consequences of what the nation is asking them to do. We kn.. (shrink)