Results for 'Alexander Wentzell'

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  1.  47
    Was Berkeley an Extracranialist?Scott Stapleford & Alexander Wentzell - 2019 - Philosophical Forum 50 (2):225-238.
    We defend a ‘tight borders’ view of mind and cognition. Our key move comes from Berkeley.
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  2.  49
    Sociobiology and the Preemption of Social Science.Alexander Rosenberg - 2019 - Johns Hopkins University Press.
    Although largely conceptual, the book is an unequivocal defense of this new theory in the explanation of human behavior.
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  3. Economics: mathematical politics or science of diminishing returns?Alexander Rosenberg - 1992 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    Economics today cannot predict the likely outcome of specific events any better than it could in the time of Adam Smith. This is Alexander Rosenberg's controversial challenge to the scientific status of economics. Rosenberg explains that the defining characteristic of any science is predictive improvability--the capacity to create more precise forecasts by evaluating the success of earlier predictions--and he forcefully argues that because economics has not been able to increase its predictive power for over two centuries, it is not (...)
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  4. Darwinian reductionism, or, How to stop worrying and love molecular biology.Alexander Rosenberg - 2006 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    After the discovery of the structure of DNA in 1953, scientists working in molecular biology embraced reductionism—the theory that all complex systems can be understood in terms of their components. Reductionism, however, has been widely resisted by both nonmolecular biologists and scientists working outside the field of biology. Many of these antireductionists, nevertheless, embrace the notion of physicalism—the idea that all biological processes are physical in nature. How, Alexander Rosenberg asks, can these self-proclaimed physicalists also be antireductionists? With clarity (...)
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  5. Philosophy of social science.Alexander Rosenberg - 1988 - Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.
    This is an expanded and thoroughly revised edition of the widely adopted introduction to the philosophical foundations of the human sciences. Ranging from cultural anthropology to mathematical economics, Alexander Rosenberg leads the reader through behaviorism, naturalism, interpretativism about human action, and macrosocial scientific perspectives, illuminating the motivation and strategy of each.Rewritten throughout to increase accessibility, this new edition retains the remarkable achievement of revealing the social sciences’ enduring relation to the fundamental problems of philosophy. It includes new discussions of (...)
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  6.  87
    Instrumental Biology, or the Disunity of Science.Alexander Rosenberg - 1994 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    Do the sciences aim to uncover the structure of nature, or are they ultimately a practical means of controlling our environment? In Instrumental Biology, or the Disunity of Science, Alexander Rosenberg argues that while physics and chemistry can develop laws that reveal the structure of natural phenomena, biology is fated to be a practical, instrumental discipline. Because of the complexity produced by natural selection, and because of the limits on human cognition, scientists are prevented from uncovering the basic structure (...)
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  7.  63
    Microeconomic Laws: A Philosophical Analysis.Alexander Rosenberg - 1976 - University of Pittsburgh Press.
    Rosenberg applies current thinking in philosophy of science to neoclassical economics in order to assess its claims to scientific standing. Although philosophers have used history and psychology as paradigms for the examination of social science, there is good reason to believe that economics is a more appropriate subject for analysis: it is the most systematized and quantified of the social sciences; its practitioners have reached a measure of consensus on important aspects of their subject; and it encompasses a large number (...)
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  8. Divine Creative Freedom.Alexander Pruss - 2016 - Oxford Studies in Philosophy of Religion 7:213-238.
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  9. Fitness.Alexander Rosenberg - 1983 - Journal of Philosophy 80 (8):457-473.
    The diversity, complexity and adaptation of the biological realm is evident. Until Darwin, the best explanation for these three features of the biological was the conclusion of the “argument from design.” Darwin's theory of natural selection provides an explanation of all three of these features of the biological realm without adverting to some mysterious designing entity. But this explanation's success turns on the meaning of its central explanatory concept, ‘fitness’. Moreover, since Darwinian theory provides the resources for a purely causal (...)
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  10.  19
    Philosophy of Biology: A Contemporary Introduction.Alexander Rosenberg & Daniel W. McShea - 2007 - New York, NY: Routledge. Edited by Daniel W. McShea.
    Is life a purely physical process? What is human nature? Which of our traits is essential to us? In this volume, Daniel McShea and Alex Rosenberg – a biologist and a philosopher, respectively – join forces to create a new gateway to the philosophy of biology; making the major issues accessible and relevant to biologists and philosophers alike. Exploring concepts such as supervenience; the controversies about genocentrism and genetic determinism; and the debate about major transitions central to contemporary thinking about (...)
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  11. Normative naturalism and the role of philosophy.Alexander Rosenberg - 1990 - Philosophy of Science 57 (1):34-43.
    The prescriptive force of methodological rules rests, I argue, on the acceptance of scientific theories; that of the most general methodological rules rests on theories in the philosophy of science, which differ from theories in the several sciences only in generality and abstraction. I illustrate these claims by reference to methodological disputes in social science and among philosophers of science. My conclusions substantiate those of Laudan except that I argue for the existence of transtheoretical goals common to all scientists and (...)
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  12. Coefficients, effects, and genic selection.Alexander Rosenberg - 1983 - Philosophy of Science 50 (2):332-338.
  13. Natural kinds.Alexander Bird & Emma Tobin - 1995 - In Edward N. Zalta (ed.), Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford University.
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  14.  44
    Welfare in the Kantian state.Alexander Kaufman - 1999 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    A traditional interpretation holds that Kant's political theory simply constitutes an account of the constraints which reason places on the state's authority to regulate external action. Alexander Kaufman argues that this traditional interpretation succeeds neither as a faithful reading of Kant's texts nor as a plausible, philosophically sound reconstruction of a `Kantian' political theory. Rather, he argues that Kant's political theory articulates a positive conception of the state's role.
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  15. If Economics Isn't Science, What Is It?Alexander Rosenberg - 1983 - Philosophical Forum 14 (3):296.
     
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  16. Fitness.Alexander Rosenberg - 1983 - Journal of Philosophy.
    The diversity, complexity and adaptation of the biological realm is evident. Until Darwin, the best explanation for these three features of the biological was the conclusion of the “argument from design.” Darwin's theory of natural selection provides an explanation of all three of these features of the biological realm without adverting to some mysterious designing entity. But this explanation's success turns on the meaning of its central explanatory concept, ‘fitness’. Moreover, since Darwinian theory provides the resources for a purely causal (...)
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  17. Intentional psychology and evolutionary biology, part II: The crucial disanalogy.Alexander Rosenberg - 1986 - Behaviorism 14 (2):125-138.
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  18.  66
    On the propensity definition of fitness.Alexander Rosenberg - 1982 - Philosophy of Science 49 (2):268-273.
    In the insightful and searching paper of Mills and Beatty the following definition of ‘fitness’, as the term figures in the theory of natural selection, is offered:The [individual] fitness of an organism x in environment E equals n =dfn is the expected number of descendants which x will leave in E.
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  19. Fitness as primitive and propensity.Alexander Rosenberg & Mary Williams - 1986 - Philosophy of Science 53 (3):412-418.
    In several places we have argued that ‘fitness’ is a primitive term with respect to the theory of evolution properly understood. These arguments have relied heavily on the axiomatization of the theory provided by one of us. In contrast, both John Beatty and Robert Brandon have separately argued for a “propensity“ interpretation of “fitness” ; and in Brandon and Beatty they attack our view that “fitness“ is a primitive term in evolutionary theory, concluding that a definition by way of propensities (...)
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  20.  24
    Is the Theory of Natural Selection a Statistical Theory?Alexander Rosenberg - 1988 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 18 (sup1):187-207.
    In The Structure of Biological Science I argued that the theory of natural selection is a statistical theory for reasons much like those which makes thermodynamics a statistical theory. In particular, the theory claims that fitness differences are large enough and the life span of species long enough for increases in average fitness always to appear in the long run; and this claim, I held, is of the same form as the statistical version of the second law of thermodynamics.For the (...)
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  21. Aristotelian Forms and Laws of Nature.Alexander Pruss - 2013 - Analiza I Egzystencja 24:115-132.
  22. How not to become confused about linguistics.Alexander George - 1989 - In Noam Chomsky & Alexander George (eds.), Reflections on Chomsky. Blackwell. pp. 90--110.
  23. Hierarchies and levels of reality.Alexander Rueger & Patrick Mcgivern - 2010 - Synthese 176 (3):379-397.
    We examine some assumptions about the nature of 'levels of reality' in the light of examples drawn from physics. Three central assumptions of the standard view of such levels (for instance, Oppenheim and Putnam 1958) are (i) that levels are populated by entities of varying complexity, (ii) that there is a unique hierarchy of levels, ranging from the very small to the very large, and (iii) that the inhabitants of adjacent levels are related by the parthood relation. Using examples from (...)
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  24.  16
    Is the Theory of Natural Selection a Statistical Theory?Alexander Rosenberg - 1988 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy, Supplementary Volume 14:187-207.
    In The Structure of Biological Science I argued that the theory of natural selection is a statistical theory for reasons much like those which makes thermodynamics a statistical theory. In particular, the theory claims that fitness differences are large enough and the life span of species long enough for increases in average fitness always to appear in the long run; and this claim, I held, is of the same form as the statistical version of the second law of thermodynamics.For the (...)
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  25.  96
    Review symposium : Can economic theory explain everything?Alexander Rosenberg - 1979 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 9 (4):509-529.
  26. Agodelian ontological argument improved even more.Alexander R. Pruss - 2012 - In Miroslaw Szatkowski (ed.), Ontological Proofs Today. Ontos Verlag. pp. 50--203.
  27. Monastic Dispositional Essentialism.Alexander Bird - 2013 - In Alexander Bird, Brian David Ellis & Howard Sankey (eds.), Properties, Powers and Structures: Issues in the Metaphysics of Realism. New York: Routledge. pp. 35--41.
  28.  44
    On the very idea of ideal theory in political philosophy.Alexander Rosenberg - 2016 - Social Philosophy and Policy 33 (1-2):55-75.
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  29. The Biological Justification of Ethics: A Best-Case Scenario.Alexander Rosenberg - 1990 - Social Philosophy and Policy 8 (1):86.
    Social and behavioral scientists - that is, students of human nature - nowadays hardly ever use the term ‘human nature’. This reticence reflects both a becoming modesty about the aims of their disciplines and a healthy skepticism about whether there is any one thing really worthy of the label ‘human nature’.
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  30. Possible Worlds: What They Are Good for and What They Are.Alexander Robert Pruss - 2001 - Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh
    This thesis examines the alethic modal concepts of possibility and necessity. It is argued that one cannot do justice to all our modal talk without possible worlds, i.e., complete ways that a cosmos might have been. I argue that not all of the proposed applications of possible worlds succeed but enough remain to give one good theoretical reason to posit them. The two central problems now are: What feature of reality makes correct alethic modal claims true and What are possible (...)
     
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  31.  52
    Reductionism (and antireductionism) in biology.Alexander Rosenberg - 2007 - In David L. Hull & Michael Ruse (eds.), The Cambridge Companion to the Philosophy of Biology. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 349--368.
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  32.  7
    Methodology, Theory and the Philosophy of Science.Alexander Rosenberg - 2017 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 66 (3-4):377-393.
  33.  87
    Local theories of causation and the a posteriori identification of the causal relation.Alexander Rueger - 1998 - Erkenntnis 48 (1):25-38.
    The need to find an intrinsic characterization of what makes a relation between events causal arises not only in local theories of causation like Salmon's process theory but also in global approaches like Lewis' counterfactual theory. According to the localist intuition, whether a process connecting two events is causal should depend only on what goes on between the events, not on conditions that hold elsewhere in the world. If such intrinsic characterizations could be found, an identification of the causal relation (...)
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  34. Abductive Knowledge and Holmesian Inference.Alexander Bird - 2006 - Oxford Studies in Epistemology 1.
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  35.  8
    Ethnography at the Turn of the Third Decade: Privilege and Challenge.Alexander Rosenblatt - 2021 - Philosophy Study 11 (3).
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  36.  62
    Hausman and McPherson on welfare economics and preference satisfaction theories of welfare: A critical note.Alexander F. Sarch - 2015 - Economics and Philosophy 31 (1):141-159.
    Hausman and McPherson defend welfare economics by claiming that even if welfare does not consist in preference satisfaction, preferences still provide good, if fallible, evidence of welfare. I argue that this strategy does not yet fully solve the problems for welfare economics stemming from the preference satisfaction theory of welfare. More work is needed to show that our self-interested preferences are sufficiently reliable, or in some other sense our best, evidence of well-being. Thus, my aim is to identify the challenges (...)
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  37. Rule-Following and Intentionality.Alexander Miller & Olivia Sultanescu - 2022 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  38.  79
    Is Lewis's `genuine modal realism' magical too?Alexander Rosenberg - 1989 - Mind 98 (391):411-421.
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  39.  39
    A skeptical history of microeconomic theory.Alexander Rosenberg - 1980 - Theory and Decision 12 (1):79-93.
  40.  13
    Rawls's Egalitarianism.Alexander Kaufman - 2018 - Cambridge University Press.
    This is a new interpretation and analysis of John Rawls's leading theory of distributive justice, which also considers the responding egalitarian theories of scholars such as Richard Arneson, G. A. Cohen, Ronald Dworkin, Martha Nussbaum, John Roemer, and Amartya Sen. Rawls's theory, Kaufman argues, sets out a normative ideal of justice that incorporates an account of the structure and character of relations that are appropriate for members of society viewed as free and equal moral beings. Forging an approach distinct amongst (...)
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  41.  76
    Risk and diversification in theory choice.Alexander Rueger - 1996 - Synthese 109 (2):263 - 280.
    How can it be rational to work on a new theory that does not yet meet the standards for good or acceptable theories? If diversity of approaches is a condition for scientific progress, how can a scientific community achieve such progress when each member does what it is rational to do, namely work on the best theory? These two methodological problems, the problem of pursuit and the problem of diversity, can be solved by taking into account the cognitive risk that (...)
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  42. Antidotes all the way down?Alexander Bird - 2004 - Theoria 19 (3):259–69.
    Dispositions are related to conditionals. Typically a fragile glass will break if struck with force. But possession of the disposition does not entail the corresponding simple (subjunctive or counterfactual) conditional. The phenomena of finks and antidotes show that an object may possess the disposition without the conditional being true. Finks and antidotes may be thought of as exceptions to the straightforward relation between disposition and conditional. The existence of these phenomena are easy to demonstrate at the macro-level. But do they (...)
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  43.  5
    The Truth About Algorithmic Problems in Correspondence Theory.Alexander Chagrov & Lilia Chagrova - 1998 - In Marcus Kracht, Maarten de Rijke, Heinrich Wansing & Michael Zakharyaschev (eds.), Advances in Modal Logic. CSLI Publications. pp. 121-138.
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  44. Moses Mendelssohn: A Biographical Study.Alexander Altmann - 1976 - Religious Studies 12 (2):255-258.
     
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  45.  42
    Content and consciousness versus the International stance.Alexander Rosenberg - 1983 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 6 (3):375-376.
  46.  87
    Laws, Damn Laws, and Ceteris Paribus Clauses.Alexander Rosenberg - 1996 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 34 (S1):183-204.
  47.  10
    Reid in context.Alexander Broadie - 2004 - In Terence Cuneo & René van Woudenberg (eds.), The Cambridge Companion to Thomas Reid. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 31-52.
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  48. Besondere Formen der aktuellen Gesinnungen.Alexander Pfänder - 1913 - Jahrbuch für Philosophie Und Phänomenologische Forschung 1 (1):374.
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  49. Die obersten logischen Grundsätze als Sätze über die Wahrheit und Falschheit von Urteilen.Alexander Pfänder - 1921 - Jahrbuch für Philosophie Und Phänomenologische Forschung 4:383.
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  50. Sachregister.Alexander Pfänder - 1921 - Jahrbuch für Philosophie Und Phänomenologische Forschung 4:494a.
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