The PhilPapers SurveysHighest linear correlations (Back to contents)

Correlations with: Knowledge claims:invariantism

N = 931 (target faculty). Cut-off = +/-0.05

n < 10 omitted. Some redundant or trivial correlations are not shown.

Jump to: Main Survey questions | Philosophical orientation | Background questions

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Main Survey questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
Abstract objects:Platonism0.26
Platonism nominalism
invariantism
60.4%(170/281)
33.8%(95/281)
not invariantism
31.7%(130/409)
57.2%(234/409)
Response pairs: 776   p-value: < 0.001
Meta-ethics:moral realism0.237
moral realism moral anti-realism
invariantism
73.9%(210/284)
22.1%(63/284)
not invariantism
49.5%(199/402)
42.5%(171/402)
Response pairs: 775   p-value: < 0.001
Science:scientific realism0.212
scientific realism scientific anti-realism
invariantism
89.1%(256/287)
8.7%(25/287)
not invariantism
72.1%(296/410)
19.7%(81/410)
Response pairs: 784   p-value: < 0.001
Truth:correspondence0.181
correspondence not correspondence
invariantism
65.2%(182/279)
30.8%(86/279)
not invariantism
48.4%(189/390)
46.4%(181/390)
Response pairs: 755   p-value: < 0.001
Metaphilosophy:non-naturalism0.175
non-naturalism naturalism
invariantism
40.4%(112/277)
46.9%(130/277)
not invariantism
19.7%(76/384)
65.6%(252/384)
Response pairs: 744   p-value: < 0.001
not Zombies:inconceivable0.173
inconceivable not inconceivable
invariantism
9.8%(27/273)
80.2%(219/273)
not invariantism
22.3%(83/372)
64.7%(241/372)
Response pairs: 728   p-value: < 0.001
Knowledge:rationalism0.167
rationalism empiricism
invariantism
47.4%(137/289)
33.9%(98/289)
not invariantism
27.4%(114/416)
51.2%(213/416)
Response pairs: 795   p-value: < 0.001
Logic:classical0.166
non-classical classical
invariantism
16.1%(43/267)
73%(195/267)
not invariantism
30.3%(110/363)
57.5%(209/363)
Response pairs: 710   p-value: < 0.001
Laws of nature:non-Humean0.165
non-Humean Humean
invariantism
73.5%(203/276)
19.9%(55/276)
not invariantism
54.7%(213/389)
34.9%(136/389)
Response pairs: 749   p-value: < 0.001
Moral judgment:cognitivism0.15
cognitivism non-cognitivism
invariantism
82.3%(229/278)
12.9%(36/278)
not invariantism
65.4%(263/402)
25.1%(101/402)
Response pairs: 763   p-value: < 0.001
not Truth:epistemic0.145
epistemic not epistemic
invariantism
5%(14/279)
91%(254/279)
not invariantism
10.5%(41/390)
84.3%(329/390)
Response pairs: 755   p-value: < 0.001
Aesthetic value:objective0.132
objective subjective
invariantism
58%(163/281)
32%(90/281)
not invariantism
40%(164/409)
45.2%(185/409)
Response pairs: 776   p-value: < 0.001
Time:A-theory0.129
A-theory B-theory
invariantism
37.9%(79/208)
40.8%(85/208)
not invariantism
27.7%(71/256)
50.7%(130/256)
Response pairs: 523   p-value: 0.003
Analytic-synthetic distinction:yes0.129
yes no
invariantism
73.7%(213/289)
23.1%(67/289)
not invariantism
60.6%(251/414)
33%(137/414)
Response pairs: 793   p-value: < 0.001
Free will:libertarianism0.124
libertarianism not libertarianism
invariantism
20.2%(58/286)
71.6%(205/286)
not invariantism
10.1%(41/405)
82.4%(334/405)
Response pairs: 778   p-value: < 0.001
External world:non-skeptical realism0.107
non-skeptical realism not non-skeptical realism
invariantism
87.9%(255/290)
9.3%(27/290)
not invariantism
82.3%(337/409)
14.1%(58/409)
Response pairs: 789   p-value: 0.002
not Truth:deflationary0.106
deflationary not deflationary
invariantism
21.1%(59/279)
74.9%(209/279)
not invariantism
31%(121/390)
63.8%(249/390)
Response pairs: 755   p-value: 0.003
Zombies:metaphysically possible0.103
metaphysically possible not metaphysically possible
invariantism
34%(93/273)
56%(153/273)
not invariantism
22.5%(84/372)
64.5%(240/372)
Response pairs: 728   p-value: 0.005
not Free will:compatibilism0.103
compatibilism not compatibilism
invariantism
56.2%(161/286)
35.6%(102/286)
not invariantism
68.6%(278/405)
23.9%(97/405)
Response pairs: 778   p-value: 0.004
A priori knowledge:yes0.102
no yes
invariantism
15.9%(46/289)
79.5%(230/289)
not invariantism
23%(95/413)
69.4%(287/413)
Response pairs: 792   p-value: 0.004
Personal identity:further-fact view0.101
further-fact view not further-fact view
invariantism
21.5%(57/264)
63.6%(168/264)
not invariantism
9.1%(34/370)
71%(263/370)
Response pairs: 711   p-value: 0.007
Newcomb's problem:two boxes0.099
two boxes one box
invariantism
51.5%(117/227)
29.9%(68/227)
not invariantism
39.6%(120/303)
35.6%(108/303)
Response pairs: 594   p-value: 0.015
Normative ethics:deontology0.089
deontology not deontology
invariantism
37.2%(96/258)
49.2%(127/258)
not invariantism
26.8%(96/357)
59.9%(214/357)
Response pairs: 701   p-value: 0.018
Moral motivation:externalism0.073
internalism externalism
invariantism
42.1%(102/242)
43.8%(106/242)
not invariantism
45.7%(167/365)
36.9%(135/365)
Response pairs: 680   p-value: 0.057
Mind:non-physicalism0.072
non-physicalism physicalism
invariantism
34%(98/288)
57.2%(165/288)
not invariantism
24.8%(103/414)
64%(265/414)
Response pairs: 793   p-value: 0.042
Mental content:externalism0.071
externalism internalism
invariantism
64.6%(181/280)
26.7%(75/280)
not invariantism
60.9%(239/392)
24.4%(96/392)
Response pairs: 756   p-value: 0.051
Trolley problem:switch0.066
switch don't switch
invariantism
76.7%(211/275)
11.6%(32/275)
not invariantism
72.8%(287/394)
13.1%(52/394)
Response pairs: 753   p-value: 0.07
God:theism0.057
theism atheism
invariantism
17.7%(51/287)
75.2%(216/287)
not invariantism
11.9%(49/410)
78.7%(323/410)
Response pairs: 789   p-value: 0.109
not External world:skepticism0.057
skepticism not skepticism
invariantism
4.4%(13/290)
92.7%(269/290)
not invariantism
5.1%(21/409)
91.4%(374/409)
Response pairs: 789   p-value: 0.109
not Normative ethics:virtue ethics0.052
virtue ethics not virtue ethics
invariantism
19.3%(50/258)
67%(173/258)
not invariantism
23.5%(84/357)
63.3%(226/357)
Response pairs: 701   p-value: 0.169

Philosophical orientation

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
tradition:analytic0.17
analytic continental
invariantism
93.7%(272/290)
1.3%(4/290)
not invariantism
84.9%(355/418)
5.7%(24/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Metaphysics0.152
Metaphysics not Metaphysics
invariantism
34.8%(101/290)
65.1%(189/290)
not invariantism
21.2%(89/418)
78.7%(329/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: < 0.001
not xian:Marx0.135
Marx not Marx
invariantism
~0.3%(~1/290)
~99.6%(~289/290)
not invariantism
2.8%(12/418)
97.1%(406/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:19th Century Philosophy0.127
19th Century Philosophy not 19th Century Philosophy
invariantism
1.7%(5/290)
98.2%(285/290)
not invariantism
6.2%(26/418)
93.7%(392/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Epistemology0.126
Epistemology not Epistemology
invariantism
27.2%(79/290)
72.7%(211/290)
not invariantism
14.5%(61/418)
85.4%(357/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: < 0.001
xian:Moore0.117
Moore not Moore
invariantism
5.5%(16/290)
94.4%(274/290)
not invariantism
0.9%(4/418)
99%(414/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Philosophy of Mind0.111
Philosophy of Mind not Philosophy of Mind
invariantism
28.6%(83/290)
71.3%(207/290)
not invariantism
17.4%(73/418)
82.5%(345/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.001
not xian:Hegel0.11
Hegel not Hegel
invariantism
~0.3%(~1/290)
~99.6%(~289/290)
not invariantism
3.1%(13/418)
96.8%(405/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.001
metasurvey:accuracy0.106
accuracy ≥ median accuracy < median
invariantism
51.3%(37/72)
48.6%(35/72)
not invariantism
47.9%(47/98)
52%(51/98)
Response pairs: 189   p-value: 0.146
not AOS:Social and Political Philosophy0.102
Social and Political Philosophy not Social and Political Philosophy
invariantism
6.5%(19/290)
93.4%(271/290)
not invariantism
13.1%(55/418)
86.8%(363/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.003
not AOS:Continental Philosophy0.101
Continental Philosophy not Continental Philosophy
invariantism
1.3%(4/290)
98.6%(286/290)
not invariantism
3.8%(16/418)
96.1%(402/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.004
not xian:Wittgenstein0.098
Wittgenstein not Wittgenstein
invariantism
5.1%(15/290)
94.8%(275/290)
not invariantism
10.5%(44/418)
89.4%(374/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.005
not AOS:Philosophy of Gender, Race, and Sexuality0.097
Philosophy of Gender, Race, and Sexuality not Philosophy of Gender, Race, and Sexuality
invariantism
~0.3%(~1/290)
~99.6%(~289/290)
not invariantism
2.6%(11/418)
97.3%(407/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.006
xian:Russell0.093
Russell not Russell
invariantism
10%(29/290)
90%(261/290)
not invariantism
5.7%(24/418)
94.2%(394/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.008
not xian:Nietzsche0.092
Nietzsche not Nietzsche
invariantism
~0.3%(~1/290)
~99.6%(~289/290)
not invariantism
2.8%(12/418)
97.1%(406/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.009
not AOS:Philosophy of Cognitive Science0.088
Philosophy of Cognitive Science not Philosophy of Cognitive Science
invariantism
3.7%(11/290)
96.2%(279/290)
not invariantism
8.3%(35/418)
91.6%(383/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.012
AOS:Philosophy of Language0.085
Philosophy of Language not Philosophy of Language
invariantism
24.4%(71/290)
75.5%(219/290)
not invariantism
17.4%(73/418)
82.5%(345/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.016
not xian:Kant0.084
Kant not Kant
invariantism
8.2%(24/290)
91.7%(266/290)
not invariantism
14.5%(61/418)
85.4%(357/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.017
not AOS:Applied Ethics0.081
Applied Ethics not Applied Ethics
invariantism
2%(6/290)
97.9%(284/290)
not invariantism
5.5%(23/418)
94.4%(395/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.021
xian:Frege0.075
Frege not Frege
invariantism
10%(29/290)
90%(261/290)
not invariantism
6.4%(27/418)
93.5%(391/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.033
not xian:Mill0.07
Mill not Mill
invariantism
3.1%(9/290)
96.8%(281/290)
not invariantism
6.6%(28/418)
93.3%(390/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.047
xian:Leibniz0.069
Leibniz not Leibniz
invariantism
3.1%(9/290)
96.8%(281/290)
not invariantism
0.9%(4/418)
99%(414/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.051
not xian:Heidegger0.069
Heidegger not Heidegger
invariantism
~0.3%(~1/290)
~99.6%(~289/290)
not invariantism
1.6%(7/418)
98.3%(411/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.051
not xian:Quine0.064
Quine not Quine
invariantism
5.5%(16/290)
94.4%(274/290)
not invariantism
8.1%(34/418)
91.8%(384/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.07
not xian:Hume0.06
Hume not Hume
invariantism
12.7%(37/290)
87.2%(253/290)
not invariantism
17.7%(74/418)
82.2%(344/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.089
not AOS:Asian Philosophy0.058
Asian Philosophy not Asian Philosophy
invariantism
~0.3%(~1/290)
~99.6%(~289/290)
not invariantism
1.9%(8/418)
98%(410/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.101
xian:Descartes0.054
Descartes not Descartes
invariantism
3.4%(10/290)
96.5%(280/290)
not invariantism
1.9%(8/418)
98%(410/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.126
not xian:Rawls0.054
Rawls not Rawls
invariantism
3.1%(9/290)
96.8%(281/290)
not invariantism
5.9%(25/418)
94%(393/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.126
not AOS:Philosophy of Physical Science0.051
Philosophy of Physical Science not Philosophy of Physical Science
invariantism
3.1%(9/290)
96.8%(281/290)
not invariantism
6.4%(27/418)
93.5%(391/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.149
xian:Locke0.05
Locke not Locke
invariantism
5.5%(16/290)
94.4%(274/290)
not invariantism
3.5%(15/418)
96.4%(403/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.157

Background questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
gender:male0.126
male female
invariantism
87.7%(237/270)
12.2%(33/270)
not invariantism
77%(308/400)
23%(92/400)
Response pairs: 756   p-value: < 0.001
year_of_birth0.12
year_of_birth ≥ median year_of_birth < median
invariantism
57.5%(157/273)
42.4%(116/273)
not invariantism
45.6%(180/394)
54.3%(214/394)
Response pairs: 750   p-value: < 0.001
year_of_phd0.12
year_of_phd ≥ median year_of_phd < median
invariantism
55.2%(126/228)
44.7%(102/228)
not invariantism
46.9%(156/332)
53%(176/332)
Response pairs: 627   p-value: 0.002
affil:region:United Kingdom0.105
United Kingdom not United Kingdom
invariantism
25.8%(75/290)
74.1%(215/290)
not invariantism
16.2%(68/418)
83.7%(350/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.002
not nationality_region:United States0.084
United States not United States
invariantism
46.2%(134/290)
53.7%(156/290)
not invariantism
51.9%(217/418)
48%(201/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.017
nationality_region:United Kingdom0.079
United Kingdom not United Kingdom
invariantism
18.9%(55/290)
81%(235/290)
not invariantism
14.1%(59/418)
85.8%(359/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.025
not affil:region:United States0.065
United States not United States
invariantism
57.2%(166/290)
42.7%(124/290)
not invariantism
62.2%(260/418)
37.7%(158/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.066
phd_region:United Kingdom0.054
United Kingdom not United Kingdom
invariantism
14.8%(43/290)
85.1%(247/290)
not invariantism
12.9%(54/418)
87%(364/418)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.126




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