43 found
Order:
  1. Measuring Individual Differences in Implicit Cognition: The Implicit Association Test.Debbie E. McGhee, Jordan L. K. Schwartz & Anthony G. Greenwald - 1998 - Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 74 (6):1464-1480.
    An implicit association test (IAT) measures differential association of 2 target concepts with an attribute. The 2 concepts appear in a 2-choice task (e.g., flower vs. insect names), and the attribute in a 2nd task (e.g., pleasant vs. unpleasant words for an evaluation attribute). When instructions oblige highly associated categories (e.g., flower + pleasant) to share a response key, performance is faster than when less associated categories (e.g., insect + pleasant) share a key. This performance difference implicitly measures differential association (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   277 citations  
  2.  95
    Implicit social cognition: Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes.Anthony G. Greenwald & Mahzarin R. Banaji - 1995 - Psychological Review 102 (1):4-27.
  3.  85
    Replicable unconscious semantic priming.Sean Draine & Anthony G. Greenwald - 1998 - Journal Of Experimental Psychology-General 127 (3):286-303.
  4.  24
    Sensory feedback mechanisms in performance control: With special reference to the ideo-motor mechanism.Anthony G. Greenwald - 1970 - Psychological Review 77 (2):73-99.
  5.  98
    (1 other version)A unified theory of implicit attitudes, stereotypes, self-esteem, and self-concept.Anthony G. Greenwald, Mahzarin R. Banaji, Laurie A. Rudman, Shelly D. Farnham, Brian A. Nosek & Deborah S. Mellott - 2002 - Psychological Review 109 (1):3-25.
  6.  20
    Under what conditions does theory obstruct research progress?Anthony G. Greenwald, Anthony R. Pratkanis, Michael R. Leippe & Michael H. Baumgardner - 1986 - Psychological Review 93 (2):216-229.
    Researchers display confirmation bias when they persevere by revising procedures until obtaining a theory-predicted result. This strategy produces findings that are overgeneralized in avoidable ways, and this in turn binders successful applications. (The 40-year history of an attitude-change phenomenon.
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   58 citations  
  7.  69
    Activation by marginally perceptible ("subliminal") stimuli: Dissociation of unconscious from conscious cognition.Anthony G. Greenwald, M. R. Klinger & E. S. Schuh - 1995 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 124 (1):22-42.
  8.  52
    Parts outweigh the whole (word) in unconscious analysis of meaning.R. L. Abrams & Anthony G. Greenwald - 2000 - Psychological Science 11 (2):118-124.
  9.  31
    A double stimulation test of ideomotor theory with implications for selective attention.Anthony G. Greenwald - 1970 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 84 (3):392.
  10.  48
    New look 3: Unconscious cognition reclaimed.Anthony G. Greenwald - 1992 - American Psychologist 47:766-79.
  11.  15
    On doing two things at once: II. Elimination of the psychological refractory period effect.Anthony G. Greenwald & Harvey G. Shulman - 1973 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 101 (1):70.
  12.  84
    Implicit Bias: Scientific Foundations.Anthony Greenwald & L. H. Krieger - 2006
  13.  41
    Priming of semantic classifications by novel subliminal prime words☆.Karl Christoph Klauer, Andreas B. Eder, Anthony G. Greenwald & Richard L. Abrams - 2007 - Consciousness and Cognition 16 (1):63-83.
    Four experiments demonstrate category congruency priming by subliminal prime words that were never seen as targets in a valence-classification task and a gender-classification task . In Experiment 1, overlap in terms of word fragments of one or more letters between primes and targets of different valences was larger than between primes and targets of the same valence. In Experiments 2 and 3, the sets of prime words and target words were completely disjoint in terms of used letters. In Experiment 4, (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   22 citations  
  14.  49
    Unconscious processing of dichoptically masked words.Anthony G. Greenwald, M. R. Klinger & T. J. Liu - 1989 - Memory and Cognition 17:35-47.
  15.  30
    On doing two things at once: Time sharing as a function of ideomotor compatibility.Anthony G. Greenwald - 1972 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 94 (1):52.
  16.  57
    Automatic preference for white americans: Eliminating the familiarity explanation.Anthony Greenwald - manuscript
    Using the Implicit Association Test (IAT), recent experiments have demonstrated a strong and automatic positive evaluation of White Americans and a relatively negative evaluation of African Americans. Interpretations of this finding as revealing pro-White attitudes rest critically on tests of alternative interpretations, the most obvious one being perceivers’ greater familiarity with stimuli representing White Americans. The reported experiment demonstrated that positive attributes were more strongly associated with White than Black Americans even when (a) pictures of equally unfamiliar Black and White (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   11 citations  
  17.  28
    A choice reaction time test of ideomotor theory.Anthony G. Greenwald - 1970 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 86 (1):20.
  18.  37
    Twenty years of cognitive dissonance: Case study of the evolution of a theory.Anthony G. Greenwald & David L. Ronis - 1978 - Psychological Review 85 (1):53-57.
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   12 citations  
  19.  52
    Targets of discrimination: Effects of race on responses to weapons holders.Anthony Greenwald - manuscript
    Rapid actions to persons holding weapons were simulated using desktop virtual reality. Subjects responded to simulated (a) criminals, by pointing the computerÕs mouse at them and left-clicking (simulated shooting), (b) fellow police officers, by pressing the spacebar (safety signal), and (c) citizens, by inaction. In one of two tasks Black males holding guns were police officers while White males holding guns were criminals. In the other, Whites with guns were police and Blacks with guns were criminals. In both tasks Blacks (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   9 citations  
  20.  82
    Using the Implicit Association Test to investigate attitude-behaviour consistency for stigmatised behaviour.Jane E. Swanson, E. Swanson & Anthony G. Greenwald - 2001 - Cognition and Emotion 15 (2):207-230.
    To consciously bolster behaviour that is disapproved by others (i.e., stigmatised behaviour) people may hold and report a favourable attitude toward the behaviour. However, achieving such bolstering outside awareness may be more difficult. Explicit attitudes were measured with self-report measures, and the Implicit Association Test was used to assess implicit attitudes toward behaviour held by stigmatised actors (smokers) and nonstigmatised actors (vegetarians and omnivores). Smokers' showed greater attitude-behaviour consistency in their explicit attitudes toward smoking that in their implicit attitudes. By (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   10 citations  
  21.  96
    Double blind tests of subliminal self-help audiotapes.Anthony G. Greenwald, E. Spangenberg, A. R. Pratkanis & J. Eskenazi - 1991 - Psychological Science.
  22. Predictive validity of the implicit association test in studies of brands, consumer attitudes, and behavior.D. Maison, Anthony G. Greenwald & R. H. Bruin - 2004 - Journal of Consumer Psychology 14:405-415.
    Three studies investigated implicit brand attitudes and their relation to explicit attitudes, prod- uct usage, and product differentiation. Implicit attitudes were measured using the Implicit As- sociation Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998). Study 1 showed expected differ- ences in implicit attitudes between users of two leading yogurt brands, also revealing significant correlations between IAT-measured implicit attitudes and explicit attitudes. In Study 2, users of two fast food restaurants (McDonald’s and Milk Bar) showed implicit attitudi- nal preference for their (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   9 citations  
  23. On Doing Two Things at Once: III. Confirmation of Perfect Timesharing When Simultaneous Tasks Are Ideomotor Compatible.Anthony Greenwald - unknown
    A. G. Greenwald and H. G. Shulman (1973) found that 2 tasks characterized by ideomotor (IM) compatibility could be perfectly timeshared (i.e., performed simultaneously without mutual interference). The 2 tasks were pronouncing “A” or “B” in response to hearing those letter names, and making a manual left or right response to seeing a left- or right-positioned arrow. M.-C. Lien, R. W. Proctor, and P. A. Allen (2002) did not replicate Greenwald and Shulman’s result, and concluded that their finding of perfect (...)
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  24.  26
    Why so little faith? A reply to Blanton and Jaccard's (2006) skeptical view of testing pure multiplicative theories.Anthony G. Greenwald, Laurie A. Rudman, Brian A. Nosek & Vivian Zayas - 2006 - Psychological Review 113 (1):170-180.
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  25. Do subliminal stimuli enter the mind unnoticed? Tests with a new method.Anthony G. Greenwald & Sean Draine - 1997 - In Jonathan D. Cohen & Jonathan W. Schooler (eds.), Scientific Approaches to Consciousness. Lawrence Erlbaum. pp. 83--108.
  26.  22
    How shall the self be conceived?Anthony R. Pratkanis Andanthony G. Greenwald - 1985 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 15 (3):311–329.
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  27.  31
    How Shall the Self be Conceived? 1.Anthony R. Pratkanis & Anthony G. Greenwald - 1985 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 15 (3):311-329.
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  28.  38
    Evidence of both perceptual filtering and response suppression for rejected messages in selective attention.Anthony G. Greenwald - 1972 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 94 (1):58.
  29.  22
    What cognitive representations underlie social attitudes?Anthony G. Greenwald - 1990 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 28 (3):254-260.
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  30. Recent perspectives on unconscious processing: Still no marketing applications.A. R. Pratkanis & Anthony G. Greenwald - 1988 - Psychology and Marketing 5:337-53.
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  31. What Does Implicit Cognition Tell Us About Consciousness?Owen Flanagan Churchland, John Gabrieli, Melvyn Goodale, Anthony Greenwald, Valerie Hardcastle, Larry Jacoby, Christof Koch, Philip Merikle, David Milner & Daniel Schacter - 1997 - Consciousness and Cognition 6:148.
  32.  94
    Modeling unconscious gender bias in fame judgments.Sean C. Draine, Anthony G. Greenwald & Mahzarin R. Banaji - 1995 - Consciousness and Cognition 5 (1-2):221-225.
    In the preceding article, Buchner and Wippich used a guessing-corrected, multinomial process-dissociation analysis to test whether a gender bias in fame judgments reported by Banaji and Greenwald was unconscious. In their two experiments, Buchner and Wippich found no evidence for unconscious mediation of this gender bias. Their conclusion can be questioned by noting that the gender difference in familiarity of previously seen names that Buchner and Wippich modeled was different from the gender difference in criterion for fame judgments reported by (...)
    Direct download (7 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  33.  55
    Clarifying the role of the “other” category in the self-esteem IAT.Anthony Greenwald - manuscript
    A. Karpinski (2004) recently criticized Implicit Association Test (IAT) measures of self-esteem, arguing that their measurements of self-associations are compromised by their contrasting self with a putatively extremely negative second category, the nonspecific other. The present data show, to the contrary, that the nonspecific other category in the self-esteem IAT is near neutral in valence. Validity of the self-esteem IAT is most appropriately assessed by examining its correlations with conceptually related measures. That has been done in several previous studies that (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  34.  41
    Implicit association test: Validity debates.Anthony Greenwald - manuscript
    Note posted 9 Jun 08 : Modifications made today include a new section on predictive validity, and addition of recently published article and in in-press article, both by Nosek & Hansen, under the "CULTURE VS. PERSON" heading, which replaces a previously listed unpublished ms. of theirs. I continue to encourage all interested to send material that they are willing to be included on this page. Please also to let me know about errors, including faulty links.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  35.  47
    Observational learning: A technique for elucidating s-r mediation processes.Anthony G. Greenwald & Stuart M. Albert - 1968 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 76 (2p1):273.
  36.  23
    On the use of "theory" and the usefulness of theory.Anthony G. Greenwald & Anthony R. Pratkanis - 1988 - Psychological Review 95 (4):575-579.
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  37.  22
    Selected articles & chapters, by date.Anthony Greenwald - manuscript
    Lane, K. A., Banaji, M. R., Nosek, B. A., & Greenwald, A. G. (2007). Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: IV. What we know (so far) (Pp. 59–102). In B. Wittenbrink & N. S. Schwarz (Eds.). Implicit measures of attitudes: Procedures and controversies . New York: Guilford Press. PDF - 652KB ].
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  38.  38
    Selective attention as a function of signal rate.Anthony G. Greenwald - 1970 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 86 (1):48.
  39.  35
    The implicit association test's D measure can minimize a cognitive skill confound: Comment on McFarland and Crouch.Anthony Greenwald - manuscript
    McFarland and Crouch reported substantial positive correlations between the Implicit Association Test and response speed and between IATs assessing racism or self-esteem and ostensibly unrelated control IATs. Using an IAT measure in millisecond-difference score format, they concluded that the IAT was confounded with general cognitive ability. A reanalysis of these data using the D measure eliminated the speed of responding confound, although it did not eliminate the correlation between the control and racism IATs. The study was replicated and the two (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  40.  80
    There Is Nothing So Theoretical.Anthony G. Greenwald - unknown
    This article documents two facts that are provocative in juxtaposition. First: There is multidecade durability of theory controversies in psychology, demonstrated here in the subdisciplines of cognitive and social psychology. Second: There is a much greater frequency of Nobel science awards for contributions to method than for contributions to theory, shown here in an analysis of the last two decades of Nobel awards in physics, chemistry, and medicine. The available documentation of Nobel awards reveals two forms of method–theory synergy: (a) (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  41.  15
    Why so little faith? A reply to Blanton and Jaccard's (2006) skeptical view of testing pure multiplicative theories: Postcript.Anthony G. Greenwald, Laurie A. Rudman, Brian A. Nosek & Vivian Zayas - 2006 - Psychological Review 113 (1):180-180.
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  42. Measurement error in subliminal perception experiments: Simulation analyses of two regression methods.K. Klauer & Anthony G. Greenwald - 2000 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 26:1506-1508.
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  43. A G McKoon, Gail, 500 Merikle, Philip M., 525 Andrade, Jackie, 562 Goshen-Gottstein, Yonatan, Mori, Monica, 91 117 Graf, Peter, 91 B P. [REVIEW]Anthony G. Greenwald, Bernard J. Baars, John R. Pani, Mahzarin R. Banaji, J. Passchier, William P. Banks, Elizabeth Ligon Bjork, A. E. Bonebakker, Timothy L. Hubbard & Roger Ratcliff - 1996 - Consciousness and Cognition 5:606.