The initial segment of the latest volume of the _Ignatian Philosophical Yearbook _is centered on the discourse surrounding the presence of cultural heritage in the cyber domain. It explores the dissemination of this heritage by cultural institutions such as museums, libraries, and archives, as well as initiatives undertaken by Internet users. The authors scrutinize a comprehensive array of topics concerning the digital presentation of cultural artifacts, employing carefully selected examples in their discourse.

Pierwsza część najnowszego tomu „Rocznika Filozoficznego Ignatianum” skupia się na tematyce obecności dziedzictwa kulturowego w cyberprzestrzeni. Przedstawia ona udostępnianie tego dziedzictwa przez instytucje kultury, takie jak muzea, biblioteki i archiwa, oraz inicjatywy podejmowane przez użytkowników Internetu. Autorzy omówili w swoich tekstach szeroko zakrojoną problematykę cyfrowej prezentacji obiektów kultury, posługując się wybranymi przykładami.

There exist different kinds of averaging of the differences of the energy–momentum and angular momentum in normal coordinates NC(P) which give tensorial quantities. The obtained averaged quantities are equivalent mathematically because they differ only by constant scalar dimensional factors. One of these averaging was used in our papers [J. Garecki, Rep. Math. Phys. 33, 57 (1993); Int. J. Theor. Phys. 35, 2195 (1996); Rep. Math. Phys. 40, 485 (1997); J. Math. Phys. 40, 4035 (1999); Rep. Math. Phys. 43, 397 (1999); (...) Rep. Math. Phys. 44, 95 (1999); Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 11, 441 (2002); M.P. Dabrowski and J. Garecki, Class. Quantum. Grar. 19, 1 (2002)] giving the canonical superenergy and angular supermomentum tensors. In this paper we present another averaging of the differences of the energy–momentum and angular momentum which gives tensorial quantities with proper dimensions of the energy–momentum and angular momentum densities. We have called these tensorial quantities “the averaged relative energy–momentum and angular momentum tensors”. These tensors are very closely related to the canonical superenergy and angular supermomentum tensors and they depend on some fundamental length L > 0. The averaged relative energy–momentum and angular momentum tensors of the gravitational field obtained in the paper can be applied, like the canonical superenergy and angular supermomentum tensors, to coordinate independent analysis (local and in special cases also global) of this field. Up to now we have applied the averaged relative energy–momentum tensors to analyze vacuum gravitational energy and momentum and to analyze energy and momentum of the Friedman (and also more general, only homogeneous) universes. The obtained results are interesting, e.g., the averaged relative energy density is positive definite for the all Friedman and other universes which have been considered in this paper. (shrink)

An explanation is given of why, after adding to a model M of ZFC first a Solovay real r and next a Cohen real c, in M[ r][ c] a Cohen real over M[ c] is produced. It is also shown that a Solovay algebra iterated with a Cohen algebra can be embedded into a Cohen algebra iterated with a Solovay algebra.

Any finite support iteration of posets with precalibre ℵ 1 which has the length of cofinality greater than ω 1 yields a model for the dual Borel conjecture in which the real line is covered by ℵ 1 strong measure zero sets.

We are facing a crisis of trust in expertise today. Fewer and fewer people trust experts, and more and more politicians openly ignore expert consensus. 'Democracy in the Post-Truth Era' asks what might happen to democracy if we reject the fundamental liberal assumption that people are capable of making informed choices. The book explores the potential impact on society if people, including politicians, never appreciate the relevance of expert opinions. What if people cannot choose between supporters and opponents of key (...) issues such as the causes of climate change, effectiveness of vaccines and ways of combating economic and social crises? Applying social epistemology to these questions, the book considers whether democracy can be defended in the post-truth era. (shrink)

ABSTRACTAlthough the British Idealists did not provide a systematic account of language as a distinct philosophical phenomenon, language is nonetheless a fundamental element of Idealist social and political philosophy. This is seen mostly in the Idealist treatment of the concept of general will, which resulted in a Hegelian theory of community, constituted by shared understandings and a shared account of the common good and common interest. This article contains analysis of the relations between language and socio-political institutions in British Idealist (...) writings. The narrative focuses on Thomas Hill Green and Bernard Bosanquet – two major political thinkers representing the said philosophical tradition. The argument proceeds as follows: firstly, possible linguistic interpretations of the Idealist philosophical tradition are introduced. Then the author turns to Green’s conception of general will as the foundation of socio-political order and political sovereignty. In the third section, he... (shrink)

We introduce a new cardinal characteristic r*, related to the reaping number r, and show that posets of size $ r* which add reals add unbounded reals; posets of size $ r which add unbounded reals add Cohen reals. We also show that add(M) ≤ min(r, r*). It follows that posets of size < add(M) which add reals add Cohen reals. This improves results of Roslanowski and Shelah [RS] and of Zapletal [Z].

Artykuł omawia archiwum Kazimierza Sowińskiego przechowywane w Krakowie wraz ze spuścizną Oficyny Poetów i Malarzy z Londynu, zapisaną Uniwersytetowi Jagiellońskiemu przez Krystynę Bednarczyk. W 138 teczkach znajdują się dokumenty, które dzielą się na trzy grupy: 1. rezultaty prac nad edycją Vade-mecum Cypriana Norwida, pierwszym drukowanym wydaniem tego zbioru, przygotowanym przez Sowińskiego i wydrukowanym w Oficynie w 1953 r.; w archiwum pozostały cenne komentarze edytorskie, których Sowiński nie zdołał ukończyć na czas; 2. materiały związane z twórczością Tadeusza Sułkowskiego, z którym Sowiński (...) był związany wieloletnią przyjaźnią: listy, dokumenty z pobytu Sułkowskiego w obozie jenieckim Murnau podczas II wojny światowej, a także dokumentacja przygotowywanej edycji dzieł literackich Sułkowskiego; 3. teksty poetyckie Sowińskiego w kopiach zawierających liczne warianty, a także dokumenty powstałe w czasie jego dwudziestoletniej pracy w Radiu Wolna Europa, głównie teksty przygotowanych przezeń programów kulturalnych. Wszystkie trzy grupy dokumentów są interesującymi świadectwami pracy Kazimierza Sowińskiego jako poety, edytora i dziennikarza radiowego. (shrink)

The paper is a response to recent criticisms of agatheism, a new pluralistic interpretation of religious belief put forward by Janusz Salamon with the aim of accommodating the epistemological challenge of religious diversity. Agatheism is an axiologically grounded religious belief which identifies God, the Absolute or the ultimate reality religiously conceived with the ultimate good as the ultimate end of all human agency and thus an explanation of its irreducibly teleological character and a source of its meaning. Janusz (...) Salamon argues that this grounding of religious belief in the human axiological consciousness makes it immune to falsification by any future science. Replying to the concerns of the critics about about irrationality of doxastic commitment to a particular religious tradition, Janusz Salamon argues that to the extent the fundamental agatheistic religious belief is presupposed in such tradition as its doxastic core, its belief system - if internally coherent and aligned with a worldview that is consistent with undisputed scientific findings - may be considered rational, despite there being a plurality of such belief systems. (shrink)

Attentional bias and emotion in older adults: Age-related differences in responses to an emotional Stroop task The purpose of the study was to examine whether older adults show an emotional interference effect in a Stroop task, and whether their RTs differ with regard to age, gender and tendencies of mood regulation. The sample consisted of 60 participants at the age from 65 to 85. Emotional version of Stroop task and the Mood Regulation Scales were used. The results showed no significant (...) differences in RTs to emotional and neutral words. Unexpectedly, a speeding effect was observed with the age of women. It appeared also that the effect of mood regulation tendencies was not significant for RTs. The last two effects are not consistent with the literature on cognitive and emotional aging. (shrink)

The article concerns the problem of master and slave in Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit. Then I compare this problem with the issues discussed in the Hegel, Haiti and Universal History, an interesting book by Susan Buck-Morss, published in 2009.

I present and argue for twotheses: the first concerns the degree to whichChaadaev''s thought represents a breakthrough inthe development of Russian social philosophyand the second concerns the Hegelian characterof this thinking. I also show that Chaadaev''stheory retained an open character closely tiedto the crisis character of the social realityof his time and that it depended for itsjustification on the further course of thehistorical process, which is impossible topredict. All this leads to an interpretation ofChaadaev''s view according to which the standardopposition (...) of Chaadaev''s two best-known texts,The Philosophical Letters, with theirpredominantly pessimistic picture of Russia,and the Apology of a Madman, whichrefutes this evaluation, is rejected. (shrink)

This study investigates performance of portfolios composed of British socially responsible investments (SRI) stocks. Using the ‘Global-100 Most Sustainable Corporations in the World’ list (known also as ‘Global-100’) to select the SRI companies, we found that, in the period 2000–2010, the returns of the SRI portfolios were on average higher compared with the corresponding returns of the market indexes. The annual average difference in returns of the SRI portfolios (with dividends) was 5.26 % and 5.69 % relative to the FTSE100 (...) and FTSE4GOOD indexes (the total return versions), respectively, but the differences in returns in the whole period, in individual years and in other sub-periods were in most cases not statistically significant. Positive performance of SRI stocks in the whole sample is, however, evidenced by risk-adjusted measures such as the modified Sharpe ratio (MSR) and certainty equivalent (CEQ) returns, as well as by incorporating various levels of transaction costs. Furthermore, a simple trading strategy relying on selection of SRI stocks from the Global-100 list would beat the market indexes in the whole period 2000–2010, even after inclusion of various levels of transaction costs. We also estimated the Fama–French and Carhart multi-factor models and found that the returns of the SRI portfolios cannot be consistently explained by conventional factors other than the market factor. (shrink)

W tym artykule zaproponuję konstrukcję trójwartościowej logiki przekonań, którą nazywam: LSB3_1. Podam również i udowodnię kompletność LSB3_1 w odniesieniu do danej semantyki. LSB3_1 opiera się na preformalnych założeniach i intuicjach, które przedstawiono w sekcji 1. Sekcja 2 zawiera składnię i podział instrukcji LSB3_1 na wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne. Rozdział 3 przedstawia semantykę LSB3_1, a także szereg tautologii i formuł nietautologicznych w LSB3_1 wraz z ich intuicyjną interpretacją. System aksjomatyczny dla LSB3_1 i jego porównanie z silną logiką Kleene'a są przedstawione w sekcji (...) 4. Twierdzenie o kompletności dla LSB3_1 jest przedstawione w rozdziale 5. Zdefiniuję termin koniunkcyjna forma normalna i przedstawię lematy, które prowadzą do udowodnienia redukcji języka LSB3_1 wzory przed udowodnieniem twierdzenia o zupełności. (shrink)

Paul Edwards' October 1989 essay, ‘Heidegger's Quest for Being’ illustrates the wisdom of the dictum that the only legitimate criticism of a philosopher's position is a constructive criticism. His negative critique amounts to no more than expressions of distaste, dislike, and displeasure, and nothing of philosophical interest follows from his assertions, as the discourse is primarily an argument ad hominem . He grossly misinterprets Heidegger on some elemental and fundamental matters as well. In particular, he sorely misinterprets what he refers (...) to as the ‘Quest for Being’, which only further contributes to the objectionable character of the essay. (shrink)

The aim of the article is to present the attempts of establishing institutions of a system of worker’s self-management in the selected countries of the so-called real socialism system in Eastern Europe. The analysis considers three of those countries, namely Yugoslavia, Poland and Hungary, whose experiences in participation of the employees’ implementation were the most significant. Particular attention was paid to the evolution of socialist regimes approach to workers’ self-management. The paper tries to answer the question whether workers’ self-management posed (...) a threat to the socialist regimes persistence. The research method used in the study is an indepth survey and analysis of literature and legal acts. (shrink)

The Absolute is a basic and fundamental issue for philosophy as such. I present different concepts of the Absolute (substantialism, energetism, escapism, methodologism). We can say that contemporary European philosophy “orphaned” the neo-Platonic tradition. Thereafter Russian philosophy developed in an intensive and turbulent as well as relatively uniform fashion, in view of the well-established Neo-Platonist context. This makes Russian philosophy not only part of a lasting universally acknowledged tradition; not only has Russian philosophy continued to develop currents of thought abandoned (...) by modern European philosophiers, but it is also heir to a philosophical tradition of particular quality and value in the universal history of thought. (shrink)