Based on the self-verification theory, this research proposed a multi-level model for exploring whether, how, and when differentiated leadership had curvilinear effects on relationship conflict within a team and further on team members’ counterproductive work behaviors toward individuals (CWBI). Drawing on a sample of 297 team members nested in 78 teams, we found that differentiated empowering leadership had no direct curvilinear effects on relationship conflict. However, the results showed that the team competence variance could moderate the curvilinear relationship between differentiated (...) empowering leadership and relationship conflict. Specifically, only in teams with high competence variance among members, differentiated empowering leadership had a U-shaped effect on relationship conflict. Moreover, differentiated empowering leadership interacted with team competence variance had a downstream effect on team members’ CWBI through relationship conflict. We ended up by discussing the theoretical and practical implications of these findings. (shrink)

Editor’s: This article by Li Shaolong defines the thought of “being muddled is difficult” as a special feature of the mode of thinking and surviving in Chinese culture. The author argues that the occurrence of the thought of “being muddled is difficult” was a necessity of the development of Chinese culture. According to the author, the core connotation of Nande hutu is not being muddled in a conventional sense, nor is it deference and retreat in a pure sense. Rather, (...) it represents active contemplation and enterprise in society and life, along with the suffering, hesitation, helplessness, and sorrow that comes with it. In a more philosophical sense, the core meaning relates to a deep understanding and identification with human existence and concern with the world. However, in feudal society “muddledness” served as a strategy of survival through mental rest, and the “being muddled is difficult” idea became the embodiment of oppression of human nature by the autocratic feudal monarchy.... (shrink)

The existing literature provides conflicting results on the association between firm performance and corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure. This paper empirically examines the effect of firm performance on CSR disclosure in terms of disclosure frequency and quality among Chinese listed firms and the possible mediating effect of corporate ownership on the relationship between firm performance and CSR disclosure. Our findings show that better-performing firms are more likely than worse-performing ones to disclose CSR information and to produce higher quality CSR reports. (...) In addition, the link between firm performance and CSR disclosure is found to be weaker among state-owned enterprises compared with non-state-owned ones. (shrink)

In this paper, it is argued that there are (at least) two different kinds of ‘epistemic normativity’ in epistemology, which can be scrutinized and revealed by some comparison with some naturalistic studies of ethics. The first kind of epistemic normativity can be naturalized, but the other not. The doctrines of Quine’s naturalized epistemology is firstly introduced; then Kim’s critique of Quine’s proposal is examined. It is argued that Quine’s naturalized epistemology is able to save some room for the concept of (...) epistemic normativity and therefore his doctrine can be protected against Kim’s critique. But, it is the first kind of epistemic normativity that can be naturalized in epistemology. With the assistance of Goldman’s fake barn case, it is shown that the concept of epistemic normativity that is involved in the concept of knowing, which cannot be fully naturalized. The Gettier problem indicates that Quine only gets partially right idea concerning whether epistemology can (and should) be natualized. (shrink)

In recent years, many studies have been done to identify the factors that affect teacher emotions at schools. However, the empirical evidence on how teachers’ emotions influence students’ outcomes and performance is not extensive. Against this background, this study explored the correlation between teacher EI and student academic achievement and possible mechanisms may lie in this relationship. A sample of 365 Chinese teachers from 25 public middle schools participated in this study by completing measurements of teacher EI, teacher work engagement, (...) and teacher self-efficacy. The student academic achievement was assessed by the grades of the previous term reported by the students. The results indicated that teacher work engagement partially mediated the path from teacher EI and student academic achievement. Moderated mediation further showed that teachers with high self-efficacy had a more significant positive impact on the relationship between teacher work engagement and student academic achievement than teachers with low self-efficacy. The limitations of this study were also discussed. (shrink)

In Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person, Harry Frankfurt put forward a theory that what is essential to be a person is second-order volition. The notion of second-order volition can be used as a key conceptual tool in understanding the conflict between desires. By means of the notion, this paper argues that the conflict between desires in our minds lies in the conflict between second-order volitions, other than the conflict between first-order desires. Based on this claim, (...) this paper suggests that, due to the misunderstanding of the nature of the conflict between desires, the analysis of unwilling addict and wanton addict given by Frankfurt is thus wrong, and in his follow-up articles he made wrong description of the phenomenon concerning the conflict between desires. (shrink)

Emerging evidence suggests that microRNA (miRNA)‐mediated post‐transcriptional gene regulation plays an essential role in modulating embryonic stem (ES) cell pluripotency maintenance, differentiation, and reprogramming of somatic cells to an ES cell‐like state. Investigations from ES cell‐enriched miRNAs, such as mouse miR‐290 cluster and human miR‐302 cluster, and ES cell‐depleted miRNAs such as let‐7 family miRNAs, revealed a common theme that miRNAs target diverse cellular processes including cell cycle regulators, signaling pathway effectors, transcription factors, and epigenetic modifiers and shape their protein (...) output. The combinatorial effects downstream of miRNA action allow miRNAs to modulate cell‐fate decisions effectively. Furthermore, the transcription and biogenesis of miRNAs are also tightly regulated. Thus, elucidating the interplay between miRNAs and other modes of gene regulation will shed new light on the biology of pluripotent stem cells and somatic cell reprogramming. (shrink)

It will be shown that there exist computably enumerable degrees a and b such that a $>$ b, and for any computably enumerable degree u, if u $\leq$ a and u is cappable, then u $<$ b.

Communication is rule governed; so are greetings which serve as a polite way of communication. The rules vary depending on the cultural context or the cultural context helps to define the rules and so communication rules are culturally diverse. It is important for foreign language learners to learn that communication rules are both culturally and contextually bound to achieve effective and efficient communication.

The DangShi manor is located in Hejiashi Village, Baijiajian Town approximately 20 kilometers from the southeast part of Suide County, Shaanxi Province, the unique architecture in Qing Dynasty that has been preserved almost intact in Suide County, a great cultural county, and is an officially protected site in Shaanxi Province. By means of field survey, mapping and taking photos and recording in Dangshi manor, this article acquires the abundant first-hand data about carving art of the manor. With the methods of (...) comparison and induction from the holistic perspective and detailed analysis in the local perspective, this article makes a meticulous analysis and study on the style, content, connotation, moulding and technique of carving art of Dangshi manor and discusses characteristics and protection and inheritance value of carving art of Dangshi manor in a systematic way. (shrink)

The fast advancing RNA‐seq technology has unveiled an unexpected diversity and expression specificity of 3′ untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of mRNAs. In particular, neural mRNAs seem to express significantly longer 3′UTRs, some of which are over 10 kb in length. The extensive elongation of 3′UTRs in neural tissues provides intriguing possibilities for cell type‐specific regulations that are governed by miRNAs, RNA‐binding proteins and ribonucleoprotein aggregates. In this article, we review recent progress in the characterization of mRNA 3′UTRs and discuss their implications (...) in the understanding of 3′UTR‐mediated gene regulation. (shrink)

Constellations, Volume 29, Issue 3, Page 329-342, September 2022.

本书分“德治论坛”、“全球化与伦理问题论坛”、“青少年道德教育论坛”三部分,收录了“儒家伦理与道德义务的权利性条件”、“生命伦理学的前沿问题”、“荀子的生态伦理思想”、“科技时代性伦理问题的向度”等文 章。.

本書立足於現代學術視野，充分吸收前人與當代學術研究成果，以史料與邏輯相統一為方法，就孟子詮釋思想的本體義、方法義以及運用義等進行說明和剖析。結合孟子詮釋《詩經》、《尚書》的具體案例，探析孟子所提出的「 以意逆志」、「知人論世」、「不以文害辭，不以辭害志」以及「知言」等詮釋方法，並遵照其內在理路，歸納出了一套系統、完備的詮釋學體系。 本書的另一個特點是，對孟子詮釋思想的研究不僅僅局限於孟子，而是將孟子置於時間與空間的坐標中去衡孟子詮釋思想的意義， 本書上通孔子，下貫荀子，橫比莊周，從而更好地把握與衡定了孟子詮釋思想的意義。.

本书共分为4编，共12章，具体内容包括：司法制度、司法知识与技术、法官与法律人、研究方法的反思。.

在西化、現代化、全球化的衝擊下， 華人如何奮鬥掙扎，在公私領域裡安身立命？ 從思想史的角度切入， 就家族倫理、宗教信仰、美學思想、政治理念、文化衝擊、自我認同等面向， 析論梁啟超、李叔同、林語堂、徐復觀等民國知識分子， 深入呈現20世紀的華人精神世界。 在舊社會、舊道德傾頹之際，現代華人不僅要創建公私領域內的制度性架構，更要摸索相應的信仰與價值觀。《安身立命》探討梁啟超、李叔同、林語堂等人，如何分別在儒家、佛教、道家、基督教的引領下做生命的實踐；也以 徐復觀在台灣的經驗為例，說明兩岸文化如何激盪交融，和以儒家民主及儒家美學建立「華人現代性」的可能性。最後，作者李淑珍思考人格主義在全球化時代的意義，肯定儒家不論在公領域或私領域，依然是華人安身立命的重 要精神資源。全書理性與感性兼具，值得細細品味。.

本书包含三编,第1编为用图刻画的各种反基础公理系统(ZFCˉ+AFA(或者SAFA,FAFA以及反基础公理家族AFA~))建立不同的集论模型,从而证明各种反基础公理与ZFCˉ的相对协调性.第2编修正, 完善和丰富了巴威斯(J.Barwise)等人用代数方法——方程组刻画的反基础公理——解引理理论.第3编包括两个附录.附录1给出了结构之间的互摸拟理论.附录2给出了项目研究期间发表的部分论文.

“六经”是中国传统文化和中华民族优秀的思想文化遗产，也是推动当代社会文化不断前进发展的动力资源之一，所以值得深入研究。本书选取《穀梁》中有关中国传统政治伦理的几个核心问题，如死义、复仇、慎让等，通过经 典诠释的方法，以文本的深入解读，不同文本的对比和义理的细致阐发，对中国传统政治伦理意识的相关内容的形成和历史演变、基本内涵、主要特征，及其价值取向等，作了较为系统、深入的论述，并能提出自己的许多独立见 解。在一些文本解读和义理阐发上发人之所未发，取得了一些突破性的进展。.

李燕杰(1930~ ),北京人,首都师范大学教授,中华教育艺术研究会常务副理事长,《教育艺术》杂志社社长.