In this paper we study the variety \(\textsf{WL}\) of bounded distributive lattices endowed with an implication, called weak Lewis distributive lattices. This variety corresponds to the algebraic semantics of the \(\{\vee,\wedge,\Rightarrow,\bot,\top \}\) -fragment of the arithmetical base preservativity logic \(\mathsf {iP^{-}}\). The variety \(\textsf{WL}\) properly contains the variety of bounded distributive lattices with strict implication, also known as weak Heyting algebras. We introduce the notion of WL-frame and we prove a representation theorem for WL-lattices by means of WL-frames. We extended (...) this representation to a topological duality by means of Priestley spaces endowed with a special neighbourhood relation between points and closed upsets of the space. These results are applied in order to give a representation and a topological duality for the variety of weak Heyting–Lewis algebras, i.e., for the algebraic semantics of the arithmetical base preservativity logic \(\textsf{iP}^{-}\). (shrink)

In this paper we argue that ecological evolutionary developmental biology accounts of cognitive modernity are compatible with cultural evolution theories of language built upon iterated learning models. Cultural evolution models show that the emergence of near universal properties of language do not require the preexistence of strong specific constraints. Instead, the development of general abilities, unrelated to informational specificity, like the copying of complex signals and sharing of communicative intentions is required for cultural evolution to yield specific properties, such as (...) language structure. We argue that eco-evo-devo provides the appropriate conceptual background to ground an account for the many interconnected genetic, environmental and developmental factors that facilitated the emergence of an organic system able to develop language through the iterated transmission of information. We use the concept of niche construction to connect evolutionary developmental accounts for sensory guided motor capacities and cultural evolution guided by iterated learning models. This integrated theoretical model aims to build bridges between biological and cultural approaches. (shrink)

IntroductionThe Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully therapy for patients with advanced cancer was tested against a supportive psycho-oncological counseling intervention in a randomized controlled trial. We investigated whether CALM was delivered as intended ; whether CALM therapists with less experience in psycho-oncological care show higher adherence scores; and whether potential overlapping treatment elements between CALM and SPI can be identified.MethodsTwo trained and blinded raters assessed on 19 items four subscales of the Treatment Integrity Scale covering treatment domains of CALM. A (...) random sample of 150 audio recordings were rated on a three-point Likert scale with 1 = “adherent to some extent,” 2 = “adherent to a sufficient extent,” 3 = “very adherent.”ResultsAll 19 treatment elements were applied, but in various frequencies. CALM therapists most frequently explored symptoms and/or relationship to health care providers and allowed expression of sadness and anxiety about the progression of disease. The exploration of CALM treatment element SC_1 was most frequently implemented in a satisfactory or excellent manner, whereas the treatment element SMP_4: Therapist promotes acknowledgment that some life goals may no longer be achievable was not implemented in a satisfactory manner. In terms of treatment differentiation, no treatment elements could be identified which were applied significantly more often by CALM therapists than by SPI therapists.ConclusionResults verify the application of CALM treatment domains. However, CALM therapists’ adherence scores indicated manual deviations. Furthermore, raters were not able to significantly distinguish CALM from SPI, implying that overlapping treatment elements were delivered to patients. (shrink)

Las aulas son contextos donde las emociones forman parte del proceso de aprendizaje. Las habilidades emocionales del docente son claves para fomentar ambientes de aprendizaje positivo. Pero ¿Cómo ayudan al profesorado y al alumnado?, ¿Cómo podemos mejorar las habilidades emocionales?, ¿Qué programas existen? Este trabajo aporta evidencias y recomendaciones útiles para el desarrollo de programas de inteligencia emocional con docentes.

O presente artigo visa estabelecer relações entre a teoria do Neodocumentalismo da Ciência da Informação e alguns aspectos expostos nos sistemas filosóficos da Filosofia de Ludwig Wittgenstein, sobretudo da sua segunda fase, tal como exposto em sua obra Investigações Filosóficas. Neste sentido, pretende-se estabelecer relações convergentes entre o conceito de jogos de linguagem e os aspectos relativos ao documento como instrumento de veiculação de informação, ordenação e prática social. Após uma introdução do tema, serão apresentados os conceitos e configurações do (...) Neodocumentalismo no âmbito da Ciência da Informação. Em seguida, será feita uma apresentação do sistema de Wittgenstein, sobretudo o sistema de sua segunda fase e, logo após, serão abordados aspectos convergentes e considerações entre Neodocumentalismo e jogos de linguagem. (shrink)

This article presents the edition of three unpublished 16th-century scrolls preserved in the Palau Ribes Collection (Barcelona) that contain diagrammatic representations of the holy places of Mecca and Medina. One of them certifies the fulfillment of the major (ḥajj) and minor (ʿumra) pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca on behalf of a little girl, in what appears to be a certificate reused by removing the names of the original parties. The other two documents extoll the city of Medina and (...) the Prophet Muḥammad, as part of the pious visit to his tomb (ziyāra) carried out by individuals who are not mentioned by name. In addition, the three documents share the same material characteristics, and present textual structures that suggest they were mass-produced models. They therefore constitute three case studies evidencing a significant shift in the production of Islamic certificates of pilgrimage, and can thus help expand our knowledge of the ritual itself. (shrink)

In this paper we shall introduce the variety FWHA of frontal weak Heyting algebras as a generalization of the frontal Heyting algebras introduced by Leo Esakia in [ 10 ]. A frontal operator in a weak Heyting algebra A is an expansive operator τ preserving finite meets which also satisfies the equation $${\tau(a) \leq b \vee (b \rightarrow a)}$$, for all $${a, b \in A}$$. These operators were studied from an algebraic, logical and topological point of view by Leo Esakia (...) in [ 10 ]. We will study frontal operators in weak Heyting algebras and we will consider two examples of them. We will give a Priestley duality for the category of frontal weak Heyting algebras in terms of relational spaces $${\langle X, \leq, T, R \rangle}$$ where $${\langle X, \leq, T \rangle}$$ is a WH -space [ 6 ], and R is an additional binary relation used to interpret the modal operator. We will also study the WH -algebras with successor and the WH -algebras with gamma. For these varieties we will give two topological dualities. The first one is based on the representation given for the frontal weak Heyting algebras. The second one is based on certain particular classes of WH -spaces. (shrink)

A subresiduated lattice is a pair, where A is a bounded distributive lattice, D is a bounded sublattice of A and for every there exists the maximum of the set, which is denoted by. This pair can be regarded as an algebra of type (2, 2, 2, 0, 0), where. The class of subresiduated lattices is a variety which properly contains the variety of Heyting algebras. In this paper we study the subvariety of subresiduated lattices, denoted by, whose members satisfy (...) the equation. Inspired by the fact that in any subresiduated lattice whose order is total the previous equation and the condition for every are satisfied, we also study the subvariety of generated by the class whose members satisfy that for every. (shrink)

Editores: José María Cuenca López; Jesús Estepa Giménez; Myriam J. Martín Cáceres Título: Investigación y buenas prácticas en educación patrimonial entre la escuela y el museo. Territorio, emociones y ciudadanía Lugar de edición: Gijón Editorial: Ediciones Trea Idioma: español Año: 2020 ISBN: 978-84-18105-99-9 Páginas: 496.

O povo Terena é uma etnia indígena com vasto material de pesquisa e com um número de membros Terena que são pesquisadores e que produz um número considerado de material científico. Atualmente os Terena são uma população de cerca de 28 mil indivíduos no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul e que se distribuem por várias terras indígenas em todo o estado, além de outras em São Paulo e Mato Grosso, bem como em diversas cidades. Sua produção cultural e científica (...) estão em estudo e boa parte destes estudos estão nas plataformas científicas. Este artigo faz o Estado da Arte deste etnoconhecimento, num estudo de revisão sistemática da bibliografia com três descritores: Conhecimento Tradicional, Etnoconhecimento e Terena, onde os dois primeiros são sinônimos e se relacionam com o terceiro. Neste estudo sistemático nos traz a luz as publicações e autores que estudaram e estudam a arte, a ciência e a cultura Terena. Há um amplo conhecimento científico nos conhecimentos tradicionais que há gerações vem sendo passado entre os Terena, parte deste conhecimento está no estado da arte aqui apresentado. (shrink)

Critical thinking is a complex, dynamic process formed by attitudes and strategic skills, with the aim of achieving a specific goal or objective. The attitudes, including the critical thinking attitudes, constitute an important part of the idea of good care, of the good professional. It could be said that they become a virtue of the nursing profession. In this context, the ethics of virtue is a theoretical framework that becomes essential for analyse the critical thinking concept in nursing care and (...) nursing science. Because the ethics of virtue consider how cultivating virtues are necessary to understand and justify the decisions and guide the actions. Based on selective analysis of the descriptive and empirical literature that addresses conceptual review of critical thinking, we conducted an analysis of this topic in the settings of clinical practice, training and research from the virtue ethical framework. Following JBI critical appraisal checklist for text and opinion papers, we argue the need for critical thinking as an essential element for true excellence in care and that it should be encouraged among professionals. The importance of developing critical thinking skills in education is well substantiated; however, greater efforts are required to implement educational strategies directed at developing critical thinking in students and professionals undergoing training, along with measures that demonstrate their success. Lastly, we show that critical thinking constitutes a fundamental component in the research process, and can improve research competencies in nursing. We conclude that future research and actions must go further in the search for new evidence and open new horizons, to ensure a positive effect on clinical practice, patient health, student education and the growth of nursing science. (shrink)

O povo Kaingang é o mais populoso do Sul do Brasil e está entre os mais numerosos povos indígenas do país. Neste trabalho faz-se uma relação entre as informações encontradas na literatura e a atualidade na Terra Indígena Kaingang em relação ao conhecimento que possuem sobre o uso de plantas para a cura de doenças e como interpretam a ação da erva no organismo. Para isto, realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo em uma Terra Indígena Kaingang no Paraná, cujo entrevistas forneceram (...) confirmações históricas em relação aos etnoconhecimentos da etnia, da evolução dos aspectos químicos e das atitudes perante a química e os remédios de origem farmacêutica e natural. (shrink)

A Espanha foi uma das maiores “colonizadoras” em todo o mundo, e sua chegada em terras estrangeiras provocou um grande choque na educação dos indígenas, iniciando-se uma nova etapa na “educação” dos povos originários. Neste sentido, este artigo pretende apresentar um estudo sobre a trajetória da Educação Escolar Indígena (EEI) em seis países colonizados pela Espanha. A partir de um estudo bibliográfico, foi feito um recorte histórico da EEI, desde a chegada das missões religiosas e imposições culturais aos povos originários (...) até o momento de [re]apropriação educacional. O estudo ressalta o protagonismo dos povos originários em relação ao movimento de retomada da EEI para fins de promoção da sua cultura e seus conhecimentos tradicionais. (shrink)

Neste artigo iremos analisar os caminhos da educação escolar indígena (EEI) em três países colonizados pela Inglaterra. Objetiva-se usar a EEI como pano de fundo para analisarmos as discrepâncias na condução da educação escolar, contando eventos históricos marcantes para a EEI. Foi realizado um estudo bibliográfico sobre a EEI nos países Estados Unidos da América; Austrália e Nova Zelândia e criada uma cronologia dos marcos temporais. O enfrentamento do apartheid e do racismo provocou atrasos na condução da EEI e o (...) protagonismo dos nativos na condução da EEI. (shrink)

Most clinical neurofeedback studies based on functional magnetic resonance imaging use the patient's own neural activity as feedback. The objective of this study was to create a subject-independent brain state classifier as part of a real-time fMRI neurofeedback system that can guide patients with depression in achieving a healthy brain state, and then to examine subsequent clinical changes. In a first step, a brain classifier based on a support vector machine was trained from the neural information of happy autobiographical imagery (...) and motor imagery blocks received from a healthy female participant during an MRI session. In the second step, 7 right-handed female patients with mild or moderate depressive symptoms were trained to match their own neural activity with the neural activity corresponding to the “happiness emotional brain state” of the healthy participant. The training was carried out using the rt-fMRI NF system guided by the brain-state classifier we had created. Thus, the informative voxels previously obtained in the first step, using SVM classification and Effect Mapping, were used to classify the Blood-Oxygen-Level Dependent activity of the patients and converted into real-time visual feedback during the neurofeedback training runs. Improvements in the classifier accuracy toward the end of the training were observed in all the patients [Session 4–1 Median = 6.563%; Range = 4.10–27.34; Wilcoxon Test, 2-tailed p = 0.031]. Clinical improvement also was observed in a blind standardized clinical evaluation [HDRS CE2-1 Median = 7; Range 2 to 15; Wilcoxon Test, 2-tailed p = 0.016], and in self-report assessments [BDI-II CE2-1 Median = 8; Range 1–15; Wilcoxon Test, 2-tailed p = 0.031]. In addition, the clinical improvement was still present 10 days after the intervention [BDI-II CE3-2_Median = 0; Range −1 to 2; Wilcoxon Test, 2-tailed p = 0.50/ HDRS CE3-2 Median = 0; Range −1 to 2; Wilcoxon Test, 2-tailed p = 0.625]. Although the number of participants needs to be increased and a control group included to confirm these findings, the results suggest a novel option for neural modulation and clinical alleviation in depression using noninvasive stimulation technologies. (shrink)

The Doctrina ad Antiochum ducem, incorrectly attributed to Athanasius of Alexandria, owes its importance to the transmission of extensive extracts from the Shepherd of Hermas. Doctrina is transmitted in Greek in two recensions, a brevior and a longa ; however the same recensio longa has been subject to a number of redactional phases. A Latin version edited only recently, the object of this present study, sheds light on these later redactions. Stylistic and historical-literary considerations prompt a dating in the 40’s (...) of the sixth century and assign paternity to Paschasius of Dumium, a monkwho lived in a monastery of the same name in northwest of Braga that was founded at the same time by Martin of Braga. The dating of the Latin version also entails a more precise dating of the original Greek, assignable to the beginning of the sixth century. (shrink)

The article aims to approach the concept of moistmedia and the role of art practices in contemporary culture by combining ideas about perception, technology and art, through different authors like media theorist Marshall McLuhan, philosophers Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Martin Heidegger and Vilém Flusser, and anthopologists such as Constance Classen and David Howes. Thus, if we can understand perception as the genesis of sense and meaning (Merleau-Ponty), which is also culturally shaped (Classen, Howes), understanding the very nature of technology demands an understanding (...) of the modes of perception from which it has emerged. Being able to develop art propositions which may be relevant to our moistmedia times demands an understanding of the power artworks may still have for challenging technologically shaped cultural patterns of perception, in such a way as to foster new modes of consciousness, living at risk in a world of ever-present instability. (shrink)

Objetiva-se neste artigo apresentar a religião à luz da fenomenologia hermenêutica heideggeriana, cujo centro é a faktische Lebenserfahrung , elaborada por Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) nos primórdios de sua obra. Para atingir esse objetivo, serão tomadas três obras do filósofo alemão: Phänomenologie des Religiösen Leben s , de 1920-21; Phänomenologische Interpretationen zu Aristoteles , de 1921-22; e Ontologie. Hermeneutik der Faktizität , de 1923. Delas serão inferidos os conceitos de fenomenologia, de hermenêutica e de facticidade, que fundamentam outros conceitos importantes, tais (...) como mundo, história, fenômeno e experiência. Em seguida, será apresentado o modo como, em três experiências cristãs, o filósofo desenvolve esses conceitos na análise da religião: as cartas paulinas aos Gálatas e aos Tessalonicenses, o livro X das Confissões de Agostinho e a mística medieval. Com isso, conclui-se que a religião é experiência religiosa, desenvolvida em meio à vida fática, com todas as suas tensões, inquietações e projeções. A religião é, então, experiência do divino no locus fático da vida em que a existência encontra seu próprio sentido. Palavras-chave : Fenomenologia. Hermenêutica. Faktische Lebenserfahrung .: This article aims to present religion in the light of Heidegger’s hermeneutic phenomenology, based on the faktische Lebenserfahrung developed by Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) in the early writings of its work. To achieve this goal, three works of the German philosopher will be taken into account: Phänomenologie des Religiösen Lebens from 1920-21, Phänomenologische Interpretationen zu Aristoteles de 1921-22 e Ontologie. Hermeutik der Faktizität de 1923. From these works, it will be inferred concepts of phenomenology, hermeneutics and facticity, that underlie other important concepts such as world, history, phenomenon and experience. Afterwards, the way how this philosopher develops these concepts in the analysis of the Christian religion will be presented through three Christian experiments: the Pauline letters to the Galatians and Thessalonians, the Book X of Augustine Confessions and the medieval mysticism. Finally, this article points out that religion is religious experience developed through factual life, with all its tension, anxieties and projections. Religion is then the experience of the divine in the factual locus of the life in which the existence finds its own meaning. Keywords : Phenomenology. Hermeneutics. Faktische Lebenserfahrung. (shrink)

Como dice en la presentación de esta obra el profesor Javier Sánchez Cañizares, director del Grupo Ciencia, Razón y Fe (CRYF) de la Universidad de Navarra, los autoreshan tomado sobre sí, cada uno, la plena responsabilidad respecto de las verdades en las que sostienen a diario sus vidas. Han aceptado el desafío de acoger valientemente el empeño de pensar los problemas actuales, de modo interdisciplinar, para intentar iluminar los retos que presenta la sociedad de nuestros días. Es por esto que (...) el profesor Sergio Sánchez-Migallón señala en el prólogo de este libro que Jorge Martín Montoya Camacho y José Manuel Giménez Amaya «se comprometen con sus páginas porque hablan de lo que nos pasa y de lo que nos espera, así como de lo que nosotros miramos o dejamos de ver. No se habla aquí solo de ideas, ni solo de diagnósticos de algo ajeno al investigador. Se tratan problemas de los que todos somos en alguna medida responsables: y los filósofos no menos que los científicos, ni los creyentes menos que los increyentes». (shrink)

This essay examines how Black Mirror presents mortality as a moral dilemma, asking if we should use technology to rewrite the rules of existence. Through the exploration of philosophical perspectives from Martin Heidegger, Albert Camus, Jacques Derrida, and Sigmund Freud, the essay illustrates the choices Black Mirror presents regarding how we should deal with the death of others and the death of ourselves, as well as the meaning of death and whether we should defer it or embrace it.

El ejercicio filosófico de raíz marxista en Chile tiene un capítulo escrito por los intelectuales comunistas de la década del 60 del siglo XX. Uno de ellos, Sergio Vuskovic, se abocó a discutir con las tesis althusserianas que identificaron la teorización de Marx como un antihumanismo teórico. Para oponerse a tal perspectiva, Vuskovic realiza una operación teórica al interior de la obra de Marx con el objetivo de afirmar la categoría de sujeto, así como la interna relación entre ejercicio (...) teórico y praxis socio-histórica. Chilean communist intellectuals of the 1960's wrote a chapter of the history of Marxist philosophy. One of them was Sergio Vuskovic who focused on discussing Marx's theories according to Althusser's thesis of anti-humanism. By affirming the subject category and the internal relationship between "theoretical operation" and socio-historical praxis within Marx's philosophy, Vuskovic opposes Althusser's perspective. (shrink)

Se propone una reflexión filosófica sobre el imperativo ético y político de pensar y reconstruir nuestro pasado a partir de la experiencia del sujeto latinoamericano oprimido y resistente. En este orden de ideas, el objetivo principal del artículo es emprender una búsqueda de aquellos lugares en los que habitan y se conservan en el tiempo las memorias de los latino-americanos antes y después del proceso de colonización o de “invasión” de la Modernidad europea. Esta indagación se inclina específicamente hacia esas (...) memorias “no oficiales”, construidas desde las comunidades en sus prácticas culturales, que mediante la rememoración y la tradición oral crearon vínculos de resistencia contra el olvido, al tiempo que preservaban aspectos fundamentales de sus tradiciones. Así, llamamos lugares a aquellos elementos que albergan fragmentos de lo pretérito invisibilizado por el discurso histórico oficial y que permiten establecer un vínculo trascendente entre pasado y presente, una recreación del pasado que surge a partir de la reconstrucción interpretativa de ruinas, rastros y vestigios de un tiempo que no ha dejado de ser y al que aún es posible acceder y conocer. Posteriormente, se destacan algunos episodios importantes de nuestra historia latinoamericana en los que esas memorias encuentran su lugar. (shrink)

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A critical and notoriously elusive issue in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) research is the impact of Corporate Social Performance (CSP) on the bottom line. Instead of looking for direct correlations between social and financial performance, we hypothesize that the first result of CSR activities is the creation of trust among the stakeholders. A survey conducted on consumers of organic products provided support for our hypothesis, showing that CSP influences consumer trust and that that trust in turn influences consumers' subsequent actions. (...) The findings further suggest that intermediate variables between CSP and Corporate Financial Performance (CFP) may best support a business case for CSR. (shrink)

Martin Wrights original ground-breaking and influential analysis of the defects of the adversarial system of justice, plus the arguments in favour of a more ...

The aim of this paper is to show that we are entitled to see in Schütz’s article “Equality and the Social Meaning Structure” the proposal for a formal analysis of group membership understood as a kind of We-experience irreducible to pure We-relationships. First I argue that such an account defines the experience of group membership as a “situation definition process”. Then I show the relevance of this approach for the description of membership experiences and current debates on Collective Intentionality. Finally, (...) I point to its unclarified conceptual presuppositions—such as the at­tribution of situations to groups—, and propose an interpretative solution by drawing on the notions of “social situation” and community of relevances from The Structures of the Life-World. (shrink)

In this lively collection ten philosophers tackle the notoriously elusive issues raised by religious discourse in a series of linked debates. The debates focus on reason and faith; the logic of mysticism; the meaning of the word 'God'; language, biblical interpretation and worship; and religion and ethics. Through contemporary philosophical analysis it is possible to shed new light on teh status and language of religion, and in many ways the contributors to Religion and Philosophy break new ground in this perennially (...) controversial field. The collection is addressed to philosophers, theologians and anyone with a general intellectual interest in religion. Certainly it will be a valuable addition to the reading list of all teachers or students of the philosophy of religion. (shrink)

Heidegger in America explores the surprising legacy of his life and thought in the United States of America. As a critic of modern life, Heidegger often lamented the growing global influence of all things American. However, it was precisely in America where his thought inspired the work of generations of thinkers – not only philosophers but also theologians, architects, novelists, and even pundits. As a result, the reception and dissemination of Heidegger's philosophical writings transformed the intellectual and cultural history of (...) the United States at a time when American influence was itself transforming the world. A case study in the complex and sometimes contradictory process of transnational exchange, Heidegger in America recasts the scope and methods of contemporary intellectual and cultural history in the age of globalization, challenging what we think we know about Heidegger and American ideas simultaneously. (shrink)

Recent research on algebraic models of _quasi-Nelson logic_ has brought new attention to a number of classes of algebras which result from enriching (subreducts of) Heyting algebras with a special modal operator, known in the literature as a _nucleus_. Among these various algebraic structures, for which we employ the umbrella term _intuitionistic modal algebras_, some have been studied since at least the 1970s, usually within the framework of topology and sheaf theory. Others may seem more exotic, for their primitive operations (...) arise from algebraic terms of the intuitionistic modal language which have not been previously considered. We shall for instance investigate the variety of _weak implicative semilattices_, whose members are (non-necessarily distributive) meet semilattices endowed with a nucleus and an implication operation which is not a relative pseudo-complement but satisfies the postulates of Celani and Jansana’s strict implication. For each of these new classes of algebras we establish a representation and a topological duality which generalize the known ones for Heyting algebras enriched with a nucleus. (shrink)