This study aimed to analyze the relations between class competition and primary school students’ academic achievement, considering the possible mediating roles of learning anxiety and learning engagement. Participants were 1,479 primary school students from four primary schools in Zhejiang, China. We analyzed participants’ scores for class competition, learning anxiety, and learning engagement and their last two final exam scores. Class competition did not directly predict academic achievement, but indirectly affected academic achievement through learning anxiety and learning engagement. There were three (...) effect paths: class competition negatively predicted academic achievement by increasing learning anxiety; class competition positively predicted academic achievement by promoting learning engagement; and class competition affected academic achievement through multiple mediating effects of learning anxiety and learning engagement. This study highlights the important roles of learning anxiety and learning engagement in class competition and academic achievement, which have theoretical and practical significance. (shrink)

We describe BDD-based decision procedures for the modal logic K. Our approach is inspired by the automata-theoretic approach, but we avoid explicit automata construction. Instead, we compute certain fixpoints of a set of types — which can be viewed as an on-the-fly emptiness of the automaton. We use BDDs to represent and manipulate such type sets, and investigate different kinds of representations as well as a “level-based” representation scheme. The latter turns out to speed up construction and reduce memory consumption (...) considerably. We also study the effect of formula simplification on our decision procedures. To prove the viability of our approach, we compare our approach with a representative selection of other approaches, including a translation of K to QBF. Our results indicate that the BDD-based approach dominates for modally heavy formulae, while search-based approaches dominate for propositionally heavy formulae. (shrink)

本卷收入胡适哲学与文化方面的论文、函牍、讲演、札记80余篇。其中包括实验主义、我们对于西洋近代文明的态度等重要文章。所收文章全面反映了胡适哲学思想、学术主张和对于中西文化的态度,对于了解和研究胡适本人 以及现代中国学术史、现代中国启蒙运动等内容。.

本书内容包括20世纪90年代以后的生态社会主义概述, 20世纪90年代以后的生态社会主义的新变化与动因, 20世纪90年代以后的生态社会主义的主要新观点——反思与批判, 生态社会主义的实践和启示等.

人人都有一雙藝術家的眼睛。 「不論你曾崇仰何人何物，並以誰為師，最後你必須回到你自己本身。 藝術從未遠人，只是人遠離了他真正的自己。 在都市中，我們先失去了我們的眼睛，然後我們失去了一切。」－史作檉 本書為史作檉談論藝術美學文章集結，強調人人都有藝術家的眼睛，只在於人們失去了觀看的方式與純粹的初衷。 共分四大篇九章節，從藝術本質談起，援引賈克梅第、康丁斯基、蒙德里安、李德等藝術家創作，從繪畫、雕塑、音樂，旁述及顏氏篆書中的圖形特性，進臻至哲學美學、形上美學，淺明清晰，在一本書的閱讀時間裡就可在繁多 的藝術理論中找到自己的「眼睛」與觀看角度。.

本书分为神话与诉讼,历史与诉讼,故事与诉讼,制度法理,学术争鸣,法学教育,治学人生等八辑,收录了剧与诉的随想,正义之舞,游戏与诉讼,圣殿骑士的死亡密码,走向刑事宪法,法官权力之源与品格之治,法国法学教 育三题,关问于山水之间等文章.

This paper examines the effect of corporate social responsibility on the number of bond covenants. We find that a high CSR score has a negative association with the number of bond covenants. Moreover, our results are more pronounced for firms with a high bid-ask spread and high agency costs. Our analysis highlights the effect of the good stakeholder relationship on the bond contracts.

al-Masāʼil al-qudsīyah -- Mutashābihāt al-Qurʼān -- Ajwibat al-masāʼil.

胡適（1891-1962），安徽績溪人。原名嗣穈，後改名胡適，字適之，曾用筆名希彊、臧暉等。新文化運動的奠基人與領袖之一，倡導約翰・杜威的實用主義。1917年回國任教北大，參與編輯《新青年》《努力周報 》《獨立評論》等雜誌，先後擔任中華民國駐美大使、國立北京大學校長、台北「中央研究院」院長等職，著有《中國哲學史大綱》《嘗試集》《胡適文存》等書，並獲諾貝爾文學獎提名。.

內容簡介 二十世紀的「現象學運動」影響了存在哲學（存在主義）、哲學詮釋學、解構主義、現代美學、藝術哲學等等，以及所謂「後現代的文化思潮」之發展。 二十一世紀的今日，我們對「中華古典哲學」的反思，似乎可以從歐洲的現象學運動之思潮中，找到一些足以對話和互為理解的可能。 本書就試著嘗試這種互為理解與東西文化交涉的努力，希望提供給對這個話題有興趣的讀者們，開顯出一扇觀照內外在的哲學之門，而通過這扇門能夠走向人生的智慧之旅。.

To assist Chinese high school students in improving their career readiness and tackling career decision-making difficulties, we designed a synchronous online career intervention based on the Cognitive Information Processing theory during the Covid-19 pandemic. The online career intervention consisted of a series of career courses to develop high school students’ knowledge and skills in career planning, career assessments for exploring their vocational interests and academic self-concept, and a database providing basic information about university majors. To evaluate the intervention’s effectiveness, 957 (...) 10th grade students were recruited in the study, 601 participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group, and 356 participants were randomly assigned to the control group. All participants completed a pre- and post-intervention assessment of their career maturity, vocational identity and career decision-making difficulties. Results indicated that the online intervention significantly increased high school students’ career readiness and reduced their career decision-making difficulties. The practical implications of this research for online career interventions directed at Chinese high school students are also discussed. (shrink)

This chapter narrates the author's fascination with the intriguing and elusive face and image of Hannah Arendt—as well as her life story. Experience and world events transformed her inner and outer appearance, etching her life story on her face. Her life story was that of an intellectual Jewish woman who experienced the European turmoil of the 20th century and tried to understand the sources of human evil and violence. The author traced her portrait from a very young woman to her (...) old age. The source materials included unfamiliar photos of Arendt at different stages of her life. (shrink)

Euthanasia in China is gaining increasing acceptance among physicians, intellectuals, and even the people. This paper surveys current attitudes towards euthanasia and suggests why it should be legalized. Keywords: euthanasia, euthanasia in China CiteULike Connotea Del.icio.us What's this?

The purpose of this study was twofold: to validate the College Teachers’ Academic Frustration Tolerance Questionnaire and the College Teachers’ Academic Performance Questionnaire and to explore the relationship between frustration tolerance and academic performance among college teachers. A total of 25 experts were recruited to modify and validate both questionnaires, and the results showed that the questionnaires had good content validity. Exploratory factor analysis provided further evidence supporting the reliability of the CTAFT and the CTAP, suggesting that the instruments are (...) reliable and valid. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that frustration tolerance affected academic performance, which could best be modeled in the three dimensions of Affect, Preferred Difficulties, and Action. A total of 450 college teachers from each faculty of both universities were then recruited to explore the significant positive correlation between academic frustration tolerance and academic performance. The results from the structural equation model suggested that AC and PD combined significantly predicted academic performance. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the relationship between college teachers’ academic frustration tolerance and academic performance in China. (shrink)