Results for 'Mating System'

999 found
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  1.  35
    Leibniz and the questions of legal ontology: the science, the rules and the concept of law.Mate Paksy - 2018 - Astérion 19.
    L’originalité de l’ontologie leibnizienne réside dans le fait que sa philosophie du droit constitue une grande synthèse philosophique des juristes humanistes. Quant à la question de la place de la « science juridique » chez Leibniz, elle se trouve en réalité à tous les niveaux de son édifice métaphysique : l’omniprésence non seulement de références au droit et à la justice, mais aussi d’arguments d’ordre normatif est évidente. Chez Leibniz, la science juridique ne constitue pas un domaine autonome par rapport (...)
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  2. A Holistic Understanding of Scientific Methodology: The Cases of the CMS and OPERA Experiments.Shonkholen Mate - 2022 - Kriterion – Journal of Philosophy 36 (3-4):263-289.
    Philosophers of science are divided over the interpretations of scientific normativity. Larry Laudan defends a sort of goal-directed rules for scientific methodology. In contrast, Gerard Doppelt thinks methodological rules are a mixed batch of rules in that some are goal-oriented hypothetical rules and others are goal-independent categorical rules. David Resnik thinks that the debate between them is at a standstill now. He further thinks there are certain rules, such as the rule of consistency which is goal independent. However, he proposes (...)
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  3. A holistic understanding of scientific methodology.S. Mate - 2022 - Kriterion - Journal of Philosophy 36 (3-4):263-289.
    Philosophers of science are divided over the interpretations of scientific normativity. Larry Laudan defends a sort of goal-directed rules for scientific methodology. In contrast, Gerard Doppelt thinks methodological rules are a mixed batch of rules in that some are goal-oriented hypothetical rules and others are goal-independent categorical rules. David Resnik thinks that the debate between them is at a standstill now. He further thinks there are certain rules, such as the rule of consistency which is goal independent. However, he proposes (...)
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  4.  36
    Regulating the future? Law, ethics, and emerging technologies.Iván Székely, Máté Dániel Szabó & Beatrix Vissy - 2011 - Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 9 (3):180-194.
    PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to provide an overview of the legal implications which may be relevant to the ethical aspects of emerging technologies, to explore the existing situation in the area of legal regulation at EU level, and to formulate recommendations for the lawmakers.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is based on the premise that the law is supposed to invoke moral principles. Speculative findings are formulated on the basis of analyzing specific emerging technologies; empirical findings are based on a research conducted (...)
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  5.  17
    Phasic affective signals by themselves do not regulate cognitive control.Miklos Bognar, Mate Gyurkovics, Henk van Steenbergen & Balazs Aczel - 2023 - Cognition and Emotion 37 (4):650-665.
    Cognitive control is a set of mechanisms that help us process conflicting stimuli and maintain goal-relevant behaviour. According to the Affective Signalling Hypothesis, conflicting stimuli are aversive and thus elicit (negative) affect, moreover – to avoid aversive signals – affective and cognitive systems work together by increasing control and thus, drive conflict adaptation. Several studies have found that affective stimuli can indeed modulate conflict adaptation, however, there is currently no evidence that phasic affective states not triggered by conflict also trigger (...)
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  6.  6
    Mating systems.A. K. Sakai & David F. Westneat - 2001 - In C. W. Fox D. A. Roff (ed.), Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies. pp. 193--206.
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  7.  14
    Mating systems and fluctuating asymmetry: Firm foundations?Innes C. Cuthill & Alasdair I. Houston - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (4):600-600.
    Gangestad & Simpson review sexual selection theory and discuss their work on fluctuating asymmetry and mate preference in humans. We question some aspects of their account and mention problems with the data. We also suggest that more theoretical work on complex but realistic mating systems is required.
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  8.  15
    Estimating a Key Parameter of Mammalian Mating Systems: The Chance of Siring Success for a Mated Male.Ash Abebe, Hannah E. Correia & F. Stephen Dobson - 2019 - Bioessays 41 (12):1900016.
    Studies of multiple paternity in mammals and other animal species generally report proportion of multiple paternity among litters, mean litter sizes, and mean number of sires per litter. It is shown how these variables can be used to produce an estimate of the probability of reproductive success for a male that has mated with a female. This estimate of male success is more informative about the mating system that alternative measures, like the proportion of litters with multiple paternity (...)
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  9.  23
    Ecobiological aspects of mating systems of Primates including Man.A. S. Camperio Ciani & B. Chiarelli - 1993 - Global Bioethics 6 (1):61-74.
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  10. Culture and the evolution of the human mating system.P. Slurink - 1999 - In van der Dennen Johan M. G., Smillie David & Wilson Daniel (eds.), The Darwinian Heritage and Sociobiology. Praeger. pp. 135-161.
    Contrary to chimpanzees and bonobos, humans display long-term exclusive relationships between males and females. Probably all human cultures have some kind of marriage system, apparently designed to protect these exclusive relationships and the resulting offspring in a potentially sexual competitive environment. Different hypotheses about the origin of human pair-bonds are compared and it is shown how they may refer to different phases of human evolution.
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  11.  5
    Book Review: Buddy System: Understanding Male Friendships. By Geoffrey L. Greif. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008, 320 pp., $29.95. [REVIEW]Jammie Price - 2009 - Gender and Society 23 (5):720-722.
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  12.  37
    Human mate choice is a complex system.Paul E. Smaldino & Jeffrey C. Schank - 2012 - Complexity 17 (5):11-22.
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  13.  16
    Dynamical systems and mating decision rules.Douglas T. Kenrick, Norman Li & Jonathan E. Butner - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (4):607-608.
    Dynamical simulations of male and female mating strategies illustrate how traits such as restrictedness constrain, and are constrained by, local ecology. Such traits cannot be defined solely by genotype or by phenotype, but are better considered as decision rules gauged to ecological inputs. Gangestad & Simpson's work draws attention to the need for additional bridges between evolutionary psychology and dynamical systems theory.
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  14.  22
    Multimachine power system stabilizer based on optimal multistage fuzzy PID attendant honey bee mating optimization.Homayoun Ebrahimian, Abbas Rahimi Gollou, Farshad Bayramzadeh & Ali Rahimi - 2016 - Complexity 21 (6):234-245.
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  15.  30
    Optimal location and optimized parameters for robust power system stabilizer using honeybee mating optimization.Mohsen Mohammadi & Noradin Ghadimi - 2016 - Complexity 21 (1):242-258.
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  16.  47
    Mating Intelligence, Moral Virtues, and Methodological Vices.Tomislav Bracanovic - 2010 - In Henk W. de Regt (ed.), Epsa Philosophy of Science: Amsterdam 2009. Springer. pp. 13--22.
    According to the ‘mating intelligence’ theory by evolutionary psychologist Geoffrey Miller, human morality is a system of sexually selected traits which serve as costly signals to the other sex about one’s fitness and readiness to take care for possible offspring. Starting from the standard prediction of evolutionary psychology that sexual selection produces psychological sex differences in human mating strategies, ‘mating intelligence’ theory is analyzed for its compatibility with several psychological theories about sex differences in moral traits (...)
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  17.  17
    Dual Mating Strategies Observed in Male Clients of Female Sex Workers.Jade Butterworth, Samuel Pearson & William von Hippel - 2023 - Human Nature 34 (1):46-63.
    Humans have a complex and dynamic mating system, and there is evidence that our modern sexual preferences stem from evolutionary pressures. In the current paper we explore male use of a dual mating strategy: simultaneously pursuing both a long-term relationship (pair-bonding) as well as short-term, extra-pair copulations (variety-seeking). The primary constraint on such sexual pursuits is partner preferences, which can limit male behavior and hence cloud inferences about male preferences. The aim of this study was to investigate (...)
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  18. Promiscuity in an evolved pair-bonding system: Mating within and outside the pleistocene box.Lynn Carol Miller, William C. Pedersen & Anila Putcha-Bhagavatula - 2005 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28 (2):290-291.
    Across mammals, when fathers matter, as they did for hunter-gatherers, sex-similar pair-bonding mechanisms evolve. Attachment fertility theory can explain Schmitt's and other findings as resulting from a system of mechanisms affording pair-bonding in which promiscuous seeking is part. Departures from hunter-gatherer environments (e.g., early menarche, delayed marriage) can alter dating trajectories, thereby impacting mating outside of pair-bonds.
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  19.  60
    Mating intelligence, moral virtues, and methodological vices.Tomislav Bracanovic - unknown
    According to the ‘mating intelligence’ theory by evolutionary psychologist Geoffrey Miller, human morality is a system of sexually selected traits which serve as costly signals to the other sex about one’s fitness and readiness to take care for possible offspring. Starting from the standard prediction of evolutionary psychology that sexual selection produces psychological sex differences in human mating strategies, ‘mating intelligence’ theory is analyzed for its compatibility with several psychological theories about sex differences in moral traits (...)
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  20. Ecological and socio-cultural impacts on mating and marriage systems.Bobbi S. Low - 2009 - In Robin Dunbar & Louise Barrett (eds.), Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology. Oxford University Press.
     
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  21.  11
    The evolution of mating‐type switching for reproductive assurance.Bart P. S. Nieuwenhuis & Simone Immler - 2016 - Bioessays 38 (11):1141-1149.
    Alternative ways to ensure mate compatibility, such as hermaphroditism and the breakdown of self‐incompatibility, evolved repeatedly when finding a mating partner is difficult. In a variety of microorganisms where compatibility is determined by mating‐types, a highly regulated form of universal compatibility system called mating‐type switching has evolved several times. This sophisticated system allows for the genetic adjustment of the mating type during asexual growth, and it most likely evolved for reproductive assurance of immotile species (...)
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  22.  48
    The evolution of female sexuality and mate selection in humans.Meredith F. Small - 1992 - Human Nature 3 (2):133-156.
    Understanding female sexuality and mate choice is central to evolutionary scenarios of human social systems. Studies of female sexuality conducted by sex researchers in the United States since 1938 indicate that human females in general are concerned with their sexual well-being and are capable of sexual response parallel to that of males. Across cultures in general and in western societies in particular, females engage in extramarital affairs regularly, regardless of punishment by males or social disapproval. Families are usually concerned with (...)
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  23.  5
    Pour une éducation matérialiste: corps à corps.Christophe Richard - 2015 - Paris: L'Harmattan.
    Il est urgent, selon Christophe Richard, de repenser notre système éducatif et d'imaginer ce que pourrait être une éduction matérialiste, c'est-à-dire une éducation tenant enfin compte du corps. Force est de constater que, jusqu'à présent, il ne fut question que de l'esprit des apprenants. Et pourtant, dispenser un enseignement ne relève-t-il pas davantage du corps à corps que du tête à tête? Car enfin, qui ne voit que l'on apprend par corps et que l'on ne pense qu'avec le corps? C'est (...)
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  24. Cognitive systems for revenge and forgiveness.Michael E. McCullough, Robert Kurzban & Benjamin A. Tabak - 2013 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 36 (1):1-15.
    Minimizing the costs that others impose upon oneself and upon those in whom one has a fitness stake, such as kin and allies, is a key adaptive problem for many organisms. Our ancestors regularly faced such adaptive problems (including homicide, bodily harm, theft, mate poaching, cuckoldry, reputational damage, sexual aggression, and the infliction of these costs on one's offspring, mates, coalition partners, or friends). One solution to this problem is to impose retaliatory costs on an aggressor so that the aggressor (...)
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  25.  21
    Copulation Song in Drosophila: Do Females Sing to Change Male Ejaculate Allocation and Incite Postcopulatory Mate Choice?Peter Kerwin & Anne C. Philipsborn - 2020 - Bioessays 42 (11):2000109.
    Drosophila males sing a courtship song to achieve copulations with females. Females were recently found to sing a distinct song during copulation, which depends on male seminal fluid transfer and delays female remating. Here, it is hypothesized that female copulation song is a signal directed at the copulating male and changes ejaculate allocation. This may alter female remating and sperm usage, and thereby affect postcopulatory mate choice. Mechanisms of how female copulation song is elicited, how males respond to copulation song, (...)
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  26.  6
    Epistémologie et matérialisme: séminaire.Olivier Bloch (ed.) - 1986 - Paris: Méridiens Klincksieck.
    Lʹépistémologie peut-elle être autre chose que positive, une épistémologie matérialiste autre chose quʹun coq-à-lʹâne, et le matérialisme en épistémologie autre chose quʹun éléphant dans un magasin de porcelaine? Les études ici rassemblées apporteront peut-être quelques éléments de réflexion, tant historiques que théoriques, aidant à mettre en cause ces exclusives, interdits, et idées reçues. Elles fournissent en tout cas des aperçus multiples sur les thèses et problèmes épistémologiques intérieurs aux systèmes matérialistes, les droits et prétentions du matérialisme en épistémologie, la réalité (...)
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  27.  43
    Dissecting post‐mating prezygotic speciation phenotypes.Kerry L. Shaw & Jonathan M. Lambert - 2014 - Bioessays 36 (11):1050-1053.
    Darwin's “mystery of mysteries,” the origin of species, is caused by the evolution of speciation phenotypes, i.e. phenotypic differences that depress gene flow between daughter species during speciation. Postmating, prezygotic (PMPZ) differentiation characterizes many closely related species causing conspecific sperm precedence (CSP), wherein a female preferentially utilizes conspecific over heterospecific sperm in fertilization. Until recently, the components of CSP have been difficult to observe and study in internally fertilizing organisms. Research into the mechanisms of CSP is now progressing rapidly with (...)
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  28.  26
    Parity, Revelance, and Gentle Explosiveness in the Context of Sylvan's Mate Function.Thomas Macaulay Ferguson - 2018 - Australasian Journal of Logic 15 (2):381-406.
    The Routley star, an involutive function between possible worlds or set-ups against which negation is evaluated, is a hallmark feature of Richard Sylvan and Val Plumwood's set-up semantics for the logic of first-degree entailment. Less frequently acknowledged is the weaker mate function described by Sylvan and his collaborators, which results from stripping the requirement of involutivity from the Routley star. Between the mate function and the Routley star, however, lies an broad field of intermediate semantical conditions characterizing an infinite number (...)
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  29.  21
    The hidden benefits of sex: Evidence for MHC‐associated mate choice in primate societies.Joanna M. Setchell & Elise Huchard - 2010 - Bioessays 32 (11):940-948.
    Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)‐associated mate choice is thought to give offspring a fitness advantage through disease resistance. Primates offer a unique opportunity to understand MHC‐associated mate choice within our own zoological order, while their social diversity provides an exceptional setting to examine the genetic determinants and consequences of mate choice in animal societies. Although mate choice is constrained by social context, increasing evidence shows that MHC‐dependent mate choice occurs across the order in a variety of socio‐sexual systems and favours mates (...)
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  30. Stoic logic.Benson Mates - 1961 - Berkeley,: University of California Press.
    This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1973.
  31.  89
    On the verification of statements about ordinary language.Benson Mates - 1958 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 1 (1-4):161 – 171.
  32.  34
    Emergence and maintenance of sex among diploid organisms aided by assortative mating.Klaus Jaffe - 2000 - Acta Biotheoretica 48 (2):137-147.
    Using computer simulations I studied the simultaneous effect of variable environments, mutation rates, ploidy, number of loci subject to evolution and random and assortative mating on various reproductive systems. The simulations showed that mutants for sex and recombination are evolutionarily stable, displacing alleles for monosexuality in diploid populations mating assortatively under variable selection pressure. Assortative mating reduced excessive allelic variance induced by recombination and sex, especially among diploids. Results suggest a novel adaptive value for sex and recombination. (...)
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  33.  26
    On the relative importance of haplo-diploidy, assortative mating and social synergy on the evolutionary emergence of social behavior.Klaus Jaffe - 2001 - Acta Biotheoretica 49 (1):29-42.
    Advances in multiagent simulation techniques make it possible to study more realistic dynamics of complex systems and allow evolutionary theories to be tested. Here I use simulations to assess the relative importance of reproductive systems (haplodiploidy vs. diploidy), mate selection (assortative mating vs. random mating) and social economics (pay-off matrices of evolutionary games) in the evolutionary dynamics leading to the emergence of social cooperation in the provision of parental care. The simulations confirm that haplo-diploid organisms and organisms (...) assortatively have a higher probability for fixing alleles and require less favorable conditions for their fixation, than diploids or organisms mating randomly. The simulations showed that social behavior was most likely to emerge a) when the cost for parental investment was much lower than the benefits to the offspring, b) when cooperation improved synergistically the fitness of offspring compared to the corresponding egoistic behavior and c) when alleles coding for altruistic or social behavior could be rapidly fixed in the population, thanks to mechanisms such as haplo-diploidy and/or assortative mating. Cooperative social behavior always appeared if sociality conferred much higher fitness gains compared to non cooperative alternatives suggesting that the most important factors for the emergence and maintenance of social behavior are those based on energetic or efficiency considerations. The simulations, in congruence with the scant experimental evidence available, suggest that economic considerations rather than genetic ones are critical in explaining the emergence and maintenance of sociality. (shrink)
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  34.  19
    “What's love got to do with it?” Self-awareness and human mating strategies.Ian Vine - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (4):622-623.
    Gangestad & Simpson make a convincing case for male and female psychological access to sexual strategies that dispose us towards both faithful long-term mating and promiscuity – according to socio- ecological conditions. However, their model fails to acknowledge how the human self-system's mediation of conduct can permit us to override voluntarily the pseudo-imperatives of optimizing inclusive fitness.
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  35.  16
    New Essays on Human Understanding.Benson Mates - 1985 - Noûs 19 (2):306-308.
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  36.  28
    Begriffsschrift and andere Aufsatze.Benson Mates - 1967 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 32 (2):240-242.
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  37.  77
    Elementary logic.Benson Mates - 1972 - New York,: Oxford University Press.
    The present text book is intended as an introduction to elementary logic. Its content, structure, and manner have been determined in large measure - perhaps 'caused' is the better word- by certain desiderata about which the reader should be informed at the outset. The leading idea is that even an introductory treatment of logic may profitably be fashioned around a rigorous framework.
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  38.  39
    Expert Impressions in Stoicism.Máté Veres & David Machek - 2023 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 105 (2):241-264.
    We focus on the question of how expertise as conceived by the Stoics interacts with the content of impressions. In Section 1, we situate the evidence concerning expert perception within the Stoic account of cognitive development. In Section 2, we argue that the content of rational impressions, and notably of expert impressions, is not exhausted by the relevant propositions. In Section 3, we argue that expert impressions are a subtype of kataleptic impressions which achieve their level of clarity and distinctness (...)
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  39.  13
    The Phylogenetic Roots of Human Kinship Systems.Joan B. Silk - 2020 - Biological Theory 16 (3):127-134.
    Nonhuman primates don’t have formal kinship systems, but genetic relatedness shapes patterns of residence, behavior, mating preferences, and cognition in the primate order. The goal of this article is to provide insight about the ancestral foundations on which the first human kinship systems were built. In order for evolution to favor nepotistic biases in behavior, individuals need to have opportunities to interact with their relatives and to be able to identify them. Both these requirements impose constraints on the evolution (...)
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  40.  16
    The Development of Logic.Benson Mates - 1962 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 27 (2):213-217.
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  41.  57
    Árpád szabó and Imre Lakatos, or the relation between history and philosophy of mathematics.András Máté - 2006 - Perspectives on Science 14 (3):282-301.
    The thirty year long friendship between Imre Lakatos and the classic scholar and historian of mathematics Árpád Szabó had a considerable influence on the ideas, scholarly career and personal life of both scholars. After recalling some relevant facts from their lives, this paper will investigate Szabó's works about the history of pre-Euclidean mathematics and its philosophy. We can find many similarities with Lakatos' philosophy of mathematics and science, both in the self-interpretation of early axiomatic Greek mathematics as Szabó reconstructs it, (...)
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  42.  49
    Music as a coevolved system for social bonding.Patrick E. Savage, Psyche Loui, Bronwyn Tarr, Adena Schachner, Luke Glowacki, Steven Mithen & W. Tecumseh Fitch - 2021 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 44:e59.
    Why do humans make music? Theories of the evolution of musicality have focused mainly on the value of music for specific adaptive contexts such as mate selection, parental care, coalition signaling, and group cohesion. Synthesizing and extending previous proposals, we argue that social bonding is an overarching function that unifies all of these theories, and that musicality enabled social bonding at larger scales than grooming and other bonding mechanisms available in ancestral primate societies. We combine cross-disciplinary evidence from archeology, anthropology, (...)
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  43. Synonymity.Benson Mates - 1954 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 19 (3):223-223.
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  44.  21
    Individual differences in flow proneness are linked to a dopamine D2 receptor gene variant.Mate Gyurkovics, Eszter Kotyuk, Eniko Rozsa Katonai, Erzsebet Zsofia Horvath, Andrea Vereczkei & Anna Szekely - 2016 - Consciousness and Cognition 42:1-8.
  45.  12
    Sextus Empiricus on Religious Dogmatism.Mate Veres - 2020 - Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy 58:239-280.
    It has been argued that Pyrrhonists will have trouble acquiescing in the religious practices of their compatriots, since those practices depend on beliefs that are supposedly eliminated by suspension of judgement. According to this objection ..., the Sceptic’s religious behaviour will be inescapably disingenuous. As a way out of this predicament, some interpreters have suggested that the sort of religion that Sextus was familiar with did not require the kind of belief that is subjected to Sceptical examination. This, however, acquits (...)
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  46.  73
    Conceivability and Expert Inference: Two Hellenistic Perspectives.Máté Veres - 2023 - Antiquorum Philosophia 17:49-64.
    In Hellenistic philosophy, one can find contrasting evaluations of the argumentative use of merely conceivable states of affairs. On the one hand, Epicureans discard any proposal that has no plausibility from the point of view of someone in possession of the relevant expertise. On the other hand, Sceptics regularly invoke views which one might conceivably hold, irrespective of the view’s epistemic credentials or whether or not it has or has ever had actual proponents. Since thought experiments often introduce scenarios involving (...)
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  47.  35
    Keep Calm and Carry On: Sextus Empiricus on the Origins of Pyrrhonism.Máté Veres - 2020 - History of Philosophy & Logical Analysis 23 (1):100-122.
    Pyrrhonian inquiry responds to the hope of intellectual tranquillity, and aims at the achievement and maintenance of said tranquillity. According to the Tranquillity Charge, philosophical inquiry aims at the truth; hence, insofar as Pyrrhonian inquiry aims at tranquillity, it does not qualify as philosophical inquiry. Furthermore, Pyrrhonian philanthropy rests on the Partisan Premise, i.e. the claim that all philosophers aim at the removal of psychological disturbance. I show that the origin-story of Pyrrhonism evades the Tranquillity Charge, and that the Partisan (...)
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  48.  36
    How to Resist Musical Dogmatism: The Aim and Methods of Pyrrhonian Inquiry in Sextus Empiricus' Against the Musicologists (Math. 6).Mate Veres - 2021 - In Francesco Pelosi & Federico Maria Petrucci (eds.), Music and Philosophy in the Roman Empire. Cambridge University Press. pp. 108-130.
    In Against the Musicologists (Math. 6), Sextus uses two types of arguments against musicology. Some would argue that a science of music – does not contribute to a happy life, while others deny that such a science has ever been established. Since the respective beliefs that musicology exists and that it benefits those who have mastered it are fine specimens of dogmatism, all Sextus has to do is to set the naysayers and the believers against each other in good Pyrrhonian (...)
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  49.  15
    Some economic aspects of globalization: blessing or curse!Mate Babić - 2002 - Disputatio Philosophica 4 (1):125-144.
  50.  13
    The economics of wage determination in Mt. 20, 2-15.Mate Babić - 2000 - Disputatio Philosophica 2 (1):187-196.
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