Results for 'Study design'

987 found
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  1.  53
    Standardized Study Designs, Value Judgments, and Financial Conflicts of Interest in Research.Kevin C. Elliott - 2016 - Perspectives on Science 24 (5):529-551.
    . The potential for financial conflicts of interest to influence scientific research has become a significant concern. Some commentators have suggested that the development of standardized study protocols could help to alleviate these problems. This paper identifies two problems with this solution: scientific research incorporates numerous methodological judgments that cannot be constrained by standardized protocols; and standardization can hide significant value judgments. These problems arise because of four weaknesses of standardized guidelines: incompleteness, limited applicability, selective ignorance, and ossification. Therefore, (...)
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  2. Basic study designs.Alexandra Gomez, Felipe Fregni & Vera Novak - 2018 - In Felipe Fregni & Ben M. W. Illigens (eds.), Critical thinking in clinical research: applied theory and practice using case studies. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
     
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  3.  25
    Good Study Design and Analysis Plans as Features of Ethical Research with Humans.Janice M. Weinberg & Ken P. Kleinman - 2003 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 25 (5):11.
  4.  8
    Ethical challenges in study design and informed consent for health research in resource-poor settings.Patricia Loomis Marshall - 2007 - Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
    This review considers ethical challenges to research design and informed consent in biomedical and behavioral studies conducted in resource-poor settings. A review of the literature explores relevant social, cultural, and ethical issues in the conduct of biomedical and social health research in developing countries. Ten case vignettes illustrate ethical challenges that arise in international research with culturally diverse populations. Recommendations for researchers and policy-makers concerned about ethical practices in multinational studies conducted in resource-poor settings are also listed.
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  5.  23
    Study Design and Statistical Analysis: A Practical Guide for Clinicians By Mitchell H. Katz. Pp. 188. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006.) £55.00, ISBN 0-521-82675-6, hardback. [REVIEW]Stephen Lewis - 2009 - Journal of Biosocial Science 41 (2):285-286.
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  6.  25
    Practice of code of ethics and associated factors among health professionals in Central Gondar Zone public hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021: a mixed-method study design.Lake Yazachew, Getachew Teshale, Wubshet Debebe, Asebe Hagos, Chalie Tadie, Amsalu Feleke & Gebreyohannes Yeshineh - 2022 - BMC Medical Ethics 23 (1):1-12.
    BackgroundEthics is the science of moral and ethical rules recognised in human life and attempts to verify what is morally right and wrong. Healthcare ethics is seen as an integrated part of the daily activities of health facilities. Healthcare professionals’ standardisation and uniformity in healthcare ethics are urgent and basic requirements. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the practice of the code of ethics and associated factors among health professionals in Central Gondar Zone public hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021.MethodsA facility-based (...)
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  7.  4
    A situation analysis of competences of research ethics committee members regarding review of research protocols with complex and emerging study designs in Uganda.Pauline Byakika-Kibwika, Rosalind Parkes-Ratanshi, Walter Joseph Arinaitwe, Stephen Okoboi, Barbara Castelnuovo & Provia Ainembabazi - 2021 - BMC Medical Ethics 22 (1):1-7.
    BackgroundOver the past two decades, Uganda has experienced a significant increase in clinical research driven by both academia and industry. This has been combined with a broader spectrum of research proposals, with respect to methodologies and types of intervention that need evaluation by Research Ethics Committees (RECs) with associated increased requirement for expertise. We assessed the competencies of REC members regarding review of research protocols with complex and emerging research study designs. The aim was to guide development of a (...)
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  8.  47
    Reporting ethics committee approval and patient consent by study design in five general medical journals.S. Schroter, R. Plowman, A. Hutchings & A. Gonzalez - 2006 - Journal of Medical Ethics 32 (12):718-723.
    Background: Authors are required to describe in their manuscripts ethical approval from an appropriate committee and how consent was obtained from participants when research involves human participants.Objective: To assess the reporting of these protections for several study designs in general medical journals.Design: A consecutive series of research papers published in the Annals of Internal Medicine, BMJ, JAMA, Lancet and The New England Journal of Medicine between February and May 2003 were reviewed for the reporting of ethical approval and (...)
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  9.  19
    The Ethics of Studying Financial Incentives in Public Health Implementation: Study Design Challenges.Adélaïde Doussau & Christine Grady - 2016 - American Journal of Bioethics 16 (10):78-80.
  10.  2
    Game Space Studies: Design meets Architecture. Review: Space. Time. Play. Computer Games, Architecture and Urbanism: The Next Level (2007) F. von Borries, S.P. Walz, M. Böttger (eds), Basel; Boston; Berlin: Birkhäuser. [REVIEW]A. S. Vetushinskiy - 2017 - Sociology of Power 29 (1):258-275.
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  11.  44
    Parental programming: How can we improve study design to discern the molecular mechanisms?Virginie Lecomte, Neil A. Youngson, Christopher A. Maloney & Margaret J. Morris - 2013 - Bioessays 35 (9):787-793.
    The contribution of inherited non‐genetic factors to complex diseases is of great current interest. The ways in which mothers and fathers can affect their offspring's health clearly differ as a result of the intimate interactions between mother and offspring during pre‐ and postnatal life. There is, however, potential for some overlap in mechanisms, particularly epigenetic mechanisms. A small number of epidemiological studies and animal models have investigated the non‐genetic contribution of the parents to offspring health. Discovering new mechanisms of disease (...)
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  12.  67
    Electronic medical record system at an opioid agonist treatment programme: study design, pre‐implementation results and post‐implementation trends.Steven Kritz, Lawrence S. Brown Jr, Melissa Chu, Carlota John‐Hull, Charles Madray, Roberto Zavala & Ben Louie - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (4):739-745.
  13.  11
    Dose-Response Transcranial Electrical Stimulation Study Design: A Well-Controlled Adaptive Seamless Bayesian Method to Illuminate Negative Valence Role in Tinnitus Perception.Iman Ghodratitoostani, Oilson A. Gonzatto, Zahra Vaziri, Alexandre C. B. Delbem, Bahador Makkiabadi, Abhishek Datta, Chris Thomas, Miguel A. Hyppolito, Antonio C. D. Santos, Francisco Louzada & João Pereira Leite - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16.
    The use of transcranial Electrical Stimulation in the modulation of cognitive brain functions to improve neuropsychiatric conditions has extensively increased over the decades. tES techniques have also raised new challenges associated with study design, stimulation protocol, functional specificity, and dose-response relationship. In this paper, we addressed challenges through the emerging methodology to investigate the dose-response relationship of High Definition-transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, identifying the role of negative valence in tinnitus perception. In light of the neurofunctional testable framework and (...)
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  14.  43
    Utilizing Focus Groups with Potential Participants and Their Parents: An Approach to Inform Study Design in a Large Clinical Trial.Sandeep Kadimpati, Jennifer B. McCormick, Yichen Chiu, Ashley B. Parker, Aliya Z. Iftikhar, Randall P. Flick & David O. Warner - 2014 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 5 (3):31-38.
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  15. Global politics units 3 and 4-understanding the study design.Kathleen Thomas - 2012 - Ethos: Social Education Victoria 21 (2):15.
     
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  16.  16
    Detecting bias in biomedical research: looking at study design and published findings is not enough.John H. Noble - 2007 - Monash Bioethics Review 26 (1-2):24-45.
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  17.  7
    Constructions of self-neglect: a multiple case study design.William Lauder - 1999 - Nursing Inquiry 6 (1):48-57.
  18.  40
    Meta‐analysis of repeated measures study designs.Jaime L. Peters & Kerrie L. Mengersen - 2008 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 14 (5):941-950.
  19.  24
    Cost-Effectiveness and Cost-Utility Analysis of the Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Primary Care: PsicAP Clinical Trial. Description of the Sub-study Design.Paloma Ruiz-Rodríguez, Antonio Cano-Vindel, Roger Muñoz-Navarro, Cristina M. Wood, Leonardo A. Medrano & Luciana Sofía Moretti - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  20.  15
    Precision Medicine Approaches and the Health of Populations: Study Design Concerns and Considerations.Sandro Galea & Salma M. Abdalla - 2018 - Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 61 (4):527-536.
    Discovery science in health over the past two decades has embraced, with considerable enthusiasm, the potential of two movements: precision medicine and the ascent of big data. Each of these developments has been suggested to hold substantial promise both to advance our health science and to lead to the development of approaches that can improve health.Precision medicine—emerging naturally from the Human Genome Project almost two decades ago—promises to use genomic and molecular approaches to identify the causes of disease particular to (...)
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  21.  11
    A Study on Maker Teaching Activity Design in Senior High School General Technology Course for Creativity Cultivation.Hongjiang Wang, YuanFen Ye, Xiaoling Liao, Zuokun Li & Yingli Liang - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    General Technology Course in senior high school focuses on skill training and the connection and comprehensive application of interdisciplinary knowledge, and it is a compulsory course for cultivating students' creative potential. However, GTC in domestic senior high school has low teaching efficiency and fails to cultivate students' creativity well. Fortunately, after years of theoretical and practical research in China, the Maker Education, which focuses on cultivating students' innovative ability, has produced well-recognized applied research results. For this reason, this paper integrates (...)
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  22. Designing vignette studies in marketing.K. D. Wason, M. J. Polonsky & M. R. Hyman - 2002 - Australasian Marketing Journal 10 (3):41--58.
     
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  23.  24
    Analysis of variance methods for the design and analysis of Monte Carlo statistical studies.Edward L. Wire & James D. Church - 1977 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 10 (2):131-133.
    It was proposed that the data from Monte Carlo statistical investigations be subjected to analysis of variance methods rather than the conventional techniques of tabling, graphing, and inspecting the data. Two examples in which analysis of variance methods were applied to published Monte Carlo studies were presented. It was suggested that balanced factorial designs should be used whenever possible in Monte Carlo studies so that analysis of variance methods would be directly applicable. Finally, three advantages of analysis of variance methods (...)
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  24.  21
    Designing Preclinical Studies in Germline Gene Editing: Scientific and Ethical Aspects.Anders Nordgren - 2019 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 16 (4):559-570.
    Human germline gene editing is often debated in hypothetical terms: if it were safe and efficient, on what further conditions would it then be ethically acceptable? This paper takes another course. The key question is: how can scientists reduce uncertainty about safety and efficiency to a level that may justify initiation of first-time clinical trials? The only way to proceed is by well-designed preclinical studies. However, what kinds of investigation should preclinical studies include and what specific conditions should they satisfy (...)
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  25.  17
    Designing Preclinical Studies in Germline Gene Editing: Scientific and Ethical Aspects.Anders Nordgren - 2019 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 16 (4):559-570.
    Human germline gene editing is often debated in hypothetical terms: if it were safe and efficient, on what further conditions would it then be ethically acceptable? This paper takes another course. The key question is: how can scientists reduce uncertainty about safety and efficiency to a level that may justify initiation of first-time clinical trials? The only way to proceed is by well-designed preclinical studies. However, what kinds of investigation should preclinical studies include and what specific conditions should they satisfy (...)
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  26. Deceptive Retrospective Narrative Strategy and Synchronistic Prerequisite: Case Study on The Design of Impossible Puzzles.Yu Yang - 2023 - Cinej Cinema Journal 11 (1):258-288.
    The deceptive clues in the impossible puzzle film confirm the viewer’s internal expectations and allow retrospective attributing. In the film, a transcendental object negates an internal expectation, causing a retrospective blockage. Retrospectivity does not stop there; the transcendental object reinterpreting deceptive clues in the associative area leads to repeated attribution. This article consists of three parts. First, it discusses impossible puzzle films in the context of complex narrative classification. The following section introduces the Jungian concept of synchronicity and illustrates how (...)
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  27.  41
    Reviewing studies with diverse designs: the development and evaluation of a new tool.Reema Sirriyeh, Rebecca Lawton, Peter Gardner & Gerry Armitage - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (4):746-752.
  28.  44
    Study on Smart Home Interface Design Characteristics Considering the Influence of Age Difference: Focusing on Sliders.Na Yu, Ziwei Ouyang & Hehe Wang - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Smart homes represent an effective approach to improve one’s quality of life. Developing user interfaces that are both comfortable and understandable can assist users, particularly the elderly, embrace smart home technologies. It’s critical to concentrate on the characteristics of smart home interface design and their impact on people of various ages. Since sliders are one of the most common components utilized in the smart home user interface, this article aimed to investigate the effects of slider design characteristics on (...)
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  29.  9
    Aesthetically Designing Video-Call Technology With Care Home Residents: A Focus Group Study.Sonam Zamir, Felicity Allman, Catherine Hagan Hennessy, Adrian Haffner Taylor & Ray Brian Jones - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    BackgroundVideo-calls have proven to be useful for older care home residents in improving socialization and reducing loneliness. Nonetheless, to facilitate the acceptability and usability of a new technological intervention, especially among people with dementia, there is a need for user-led design improvements. The current study conducted focus groups with an embedded activity with older people to allow for a person-centered design of a video-call intervention.MethodsTwenty-eight residents across four care homes in the South West of England participated in (...)
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  30. Designs for learning: Studying science museum exhibits that do more than entertain.Sue Allen - 2004 - Science Education 88 (S1):S17 - S33.
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  31.  6
    Designing experiments informed by observational studies.Art B. Owen & Evan T. R. Rosenman - 2021 - Journal of Causal Inference 9 (1):147-171.
    The increasing availability of passively observed data has yielded a growing interest in “data fusion” methods, which involve merging data from observational and experimental sources to draw causal conclusions. Such methods often require a precarious tradeoff between the unknown bias in the observational dataset and the often-large variance in the experimental dataset. We propose an alternative approach, which avoids this tradeoff: rather than using observational data for inference, we use it to design a more efficient experiment. We consider the (...)
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  32.  26
    Studying the Efficacy of Psychodrama With the Hermeneutic Single Case Efficacy Design: Results From a Longitudinal Study.António-José Gonzalez, Paulo Martins & Margarida Pedroso de Lima - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9:403530.
    Throughout the last decades, scientific and therapeutic communities have made common efforts to collect reliable information concerning the efficacy of psychotherapies. One of these initiatives has, recently, involved the psychodrama community and its desire to achieve progress in the validation of this therapy. Based on Robert Elliot's Hermeneutic Single Case Efficacy Design (HSCED), we followed five participants (3 women, 2 men, aged 27-48) of a psychodrama group over the course of their therapeutic process, which ranged from 24 months to (...)
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  33.  20
    A Study on Validity and Reliability of the Attitude Scale Designed for Performance Tasks Given in Social Studies Classes in Primary Schools.Fatih Berk - 2012 - Journal of Turkish Studies 7:597-615.
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  34.  31
    The Design-Based Approach to the Study of Mind (in humans, other animals, and machines), Including the Study of Behaviour Involving Mental Processes.Aaron Sloman - manuscript
    When scientists attempt to explain observations of behaviour in humans and other animals, they often use language that evolved for informal discourse among people engaged in every day social interaction, like this: What does the infant/child/adult/chimp/crow perceive/understand/learn/intend? What is he/she/it conscious of? What does he/she/it experience/enjoy/desire? What is he/she/it attending to? Why did he/she/it do X, start Xing, stop Xing, speed up Xing...? Does he/she/it know that...? What did/does he/she/it expect will happen, if...? Similar comments can be made about the (...)
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  35.  31
    Design, objectives, execution and reporting of published open‐label extension studies.Bowers Megan, Ruth M. Pickering & Mark Weatherall - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (2):209-215.
  36.  34
    Designing Awe in Virtual Reality: An Experimental Study.Alice Chirico, Francesco Ferrise, Lorenzo Cordella & Andrea Gaggioli - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
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  37.  2
    A study of the effects of thematic language teaching on the promotion of multimedia design students’ listening and speaking skills.Sheng-Kai Yin - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Previously, language teaching has been focused on the passive learning of the alphabet. In addition, the research on teaching listening and speaking skills was limited. Listening skill is the key to learning a language, and speaking is the first explicit behavior of language. In order to improve language skills which are emphasized in new curriculum guidelines, student-centered thematic language teaching is considered as valuable. Through this, the concepts of multiple intelligences and curriculum integration were re-emphasized. An experimental design was (...)
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  38. Studies of Work: Achieving Hybrid Disciplines in IT Design and Management Studies.John Rooke & David Seymour - 2005 - Human Studies 28 (2):205-221.
    We explore the relationship between ethnomethodology (EM), ethnography and the needs of managers and designers in industry, considering both ethnomethodological and industrial criteria of adequacy and explicating their relationship through the concept of “audience.” We examine a range of studies in this light, with a view to their possible candidacy as hybrid studies and identify three types of application of EM studies of work: market research, design, and business improvement. Application in the first of these fields we dub “anthropological,” (...)
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  39. Lincos, design of a language for cosmic intercourse, part I, Studies in Logic and the foundations of mathematics.Hans Freudenthal - 1961 - Revue Philosophique de la France Et de l'Etranger 151:521-522.
     
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  40.  12
    Studies in these taxa have given us significant insights into how vocal behavior relates to brain design. Like birds and anurans, many nonhuman pri-mate (hereafter, primate) species produce bouts.Cory T. Miller & Asif A. Ghazanfar - 2002 - In Marc Bekoff, Colin Allen & Gordon M. Burghardt (eds.), The Cognitive Animal: Empirical and Theoretical Perspectives on Animal Cognition. MIT Press. pp. 265.
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  41.  19
    Ethical challenges in clinical studies with adaptive design in oncology.Norbert W. Paul & Hamideh Mahdiani - 2023 - Clinical Ethics 18 (2):148-154.
    Novel immune therapies are increasingly based on the molecular differentiation of disease patterns. The related clinical studies are thus more often characterized by the so-called adaptive study designs (umbrella or basket studies including platform studies), which are continuously adjusted based on novel results. This paper analyses new study designs beyond the often-postulated need for regulation in order to identify ethical problems based on typical structural features and to—whenever possible—suggest solutions. To do so, it addresses the following topics: the (...)
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  42. Industrial Design of a PV powered consumer application: Case study of a solar powered wireless computer mouse.N. H. Reich, M. Veefkind, E. A. Alsema, B. Elzen & Wgjhm van Sark - 2005 - In Alan F. Blackwell & David MacKay (eds.), Power. Cambridge University Press. pp. 3.
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  43.  13
    Design Meets Neuroscience: An Electroencephalogram Study of Design Thinking in Concept Generation Phase.Ying Hu, Jieqian Ouyang, Huazhen Wang, Juan Zhang, An Liu, Xiaolei Min & Xing Du - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Extant research on design thinking is subjective and limited. This manuscript combines protocol analysis and electroencephalogram to read design thoughts in the core design activities of concept generation phase. The results suggest that alpha band power had event related synchronization in the scenario task and divergent thinking occupies a dominant position. However, it had event related desynchronization in analogy and inference activities, etc., and it is stronger for mental pressure and exercised cognitive processing. In addition, the parietooccipital (...)
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  44.  7
    Matched design for marginal causal effect on restricted mean survival time in observational studies.Bo Lu, Ai Ni & Zihan Lin - 2023 - Journal of Causal Inference 11 (1).
    Investigating the causal relationship between exposure and time-to-event outcome is an important topic in biomedical research. Previous literature has discussed the potential issues of using hazard ratio (HR) as the marginal causal effect measure due to noncollapsibility. In this article, we advocate using restricted mean survival time (RMST) difference as a marginal causal effect measure, which is collapsible and has a simple interpretation as the difference of area under survival curves over a certain time horizon. To address both measured and (...)
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  45.  28
    The design-based approach to the study of mind (in humans, other aniamls, and machines).Aaron Sloman - unknown
    When scientists discuss experimental observations, they often, unfortunately, use language that evolved for informal discourse among people engaged in every day social interaction, like this: What does the infant/child/adult/chimp/crow (etc) perceive/understand/learn/intend (etc)? What is he/she/it conscious of? What does he/she/it experience/enjoy/desire? What is he/she/it attending to? Similar comments can be made about the terminology used in many philosophical discussions about minds, cognition, language, and the relationships between evolution and learning.
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  46. The design, enactment, and experience of inquiry‐based instruction in undergraduate science education: A case study.Meredith A. Park Rogers & Sandra K. Abell - 2008 - Science Education 92 (4):591-607.
     
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  47.  12
    Design and development of next generation of information infrastructure: Case studies of broadband public network and digital city.Dong-Hee Shin - 2005 - Knowledge, Technology & Policy 18 (2):101-125.
  48. Designing Whistleblowing Policy and Regulations for High-Context Cultures: A Case Study in Indonesia.Keith Thomas, Anona Armstrong & Bitra Suyatno - 2017 - In Jacob Dahl Rendtorff (ed.), Perspectives on Philosophy of Management and Business Ethics: Including a Special Section on Business and Human Rights. Cham: Springer Verlag.
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  49.  38
    Aesthetic design: Dialogue and learning. A case study of landscape architecture. [REVIEW]Satinder P. Gill - 1995 - AI and Society 9 (2-3):273-285.
    In this paper the concept of knowledge in seen as embodying dialogue and learning in a shared practice. Sharing a practice involved sharing representations of practice. This necessitates the sharing of experiential knowledge at various levels and in various forms. It is proposed that participatory design can therefore be seen as consisting in dialogue and learning for the development of future practices and representations. The discussion in this paper is situated within the domain of landscape architecture. A study (...)
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  50.  29
    Trial Design and Informed Consent for a Clinic-Based Study With a Treatment as Usual Control Arm.Howard B. Degenholtz, Lisa S. Parker & Charles F. Reynolds - 2002 - Ethics and Behavior 12 (1):43-62.
    Employing the National Institute of Mental Health-funded Prevention of Suicide in Primary Care Elderly Collaborative Trial as a case study, we discuss 2 sets of ethical issues: obtaining informed consent for a clinic-based intervention study and using treatment as usual (TAU) as the control condition. We then address these ethical issues in the context of the debate about the quality improvement efforts of health care organizations. Our analysis reveals the tension between ethics and scientific integrity involved with using (...)
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