Results for 'evolutionary management'

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  1.  95
    "Beyond frontiers of traditional project management": The concept of "project management second order (PM-2)" as an approach of evolutionary management.Manfred Saynisch - 2005 - World Futures 61 (8):555 – 590.
    Fundamental changes in sciences offer new perspectives for the management of complexity. Increased complexity in society, economics, and technology requires a new and suitable organization and management. What are the consequences and results for project management? That is the theme of this article. First of all it will given a short introduction to project management, which will be later called "traditional project management" or "project management 1st order (PM-1)." Then, the challenges by the fundamental (...)
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  2.  57
    Multipopulation Management in Evolutionary Algorithms and Application to Complex Warehouse Scheduling Problems.Yadong Yu, Haiping Ma, Mei Yu, Sengang Ye & Xiaolei Chen - 2018 - Complexity 2018:1-14.
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  3.  40
    Evolutionary Processes, Moral Luck, and the Ethical Responsibilities of the Manager.S. Ramakrishna Velamuri & Nicholas Dew - 2010 - Journal of Business Ethics 91 (1):113-126.
    The responsibilities of the manager have been examined through several lenses in the business ethics literature: Kantian (Bowie, 1999 ), contractarian (Donaldson and Dunfee, 1999 ), consequentialist (Friedman, 1970 ), and virtue ethics (Solomon, 1992 ), to name just four. This paper explores what the ethical responsibilities of the manager would look like if viewed through an evolutionary lens. Discussion is focused on the impact of evolutionary thinking on the process of moral reasoning, rather than on the sources (...)
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  4.  44
    Multiparty Evolutionary Game Model in Coal Mine Safety Management and Its Application.Rongwu Lu, Xinhua Wang, Hao Yu & Dan Li - 2018 - Complexity 2018:1-10.
    Coal mine safety management involves many interested parties and there are complex relationships between them. According to game theory, a multiparty evolutionary game model is established to analyze the selection of strategies. Then, a simplified three-party model is taken as an example to carry out detailed analysis and solution. Based on stability theory of dynamics system and phase diagram analysis, this article studies replicator dynamics of the evolutionary model to make an optimization analysis of the behaviors of (...)
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  5.  15
    Evolutionary Game Analysis of Debt Restructuring Involved by Asset Management Companies.Danyu Zhao, Li Song & Liangliang Han - 2022 - Complexity 2022:1-18.
    Based on the evolutionary game theory, this article constructs a quartet evolutionary game model for debt restructuring with the participation of asset management companies; studies the interactive mechanism of complex behaviors among the government, banks, asset management companies, and enterprises; and analyzes the stability of the strategies of each game subject. It also analyzes the stability of the equilibrium points in the system and finds the stable points that maximize the interests of each subject. Research shows (...)
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  6. An evolutionary theory of commons management.Rob Boyd - manuscript
    Our aim in this chapter is to draw lessons from current theory on the evolution of human cooperation for the management of contemporary commons. Evolutionary theorists have long been interested in cooperation but social scientists have documented patterns of cooperation in humans that present unusual problems for conventional evolutionary theory (and for rational choice explanations as well). Humans often cooperate with nonrelatives and are prone to cooperate in one-shot games. Cooperation is quite dependent on social institutions. We (...)
     
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  7.  42
    An evolutionary theory of commons management.Peter Richerson - manuscript
    Our aim in this chapter is to draw lessons from current theory on the evolution of human cooperation for the management of contemporary commons. Evolutionary theorists have long been interested in cooperation but social scientists have documented patterns of cooperation in humans that present unusual problems for conventional evolutionary theory (and for rational choice explanations as well). Humans often cooperate with nonrelatives and are prone to cooperate in one-shot games. Cooperation is quite dependent on social institutions. We (...)
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  8.  24
    Evolutionary/systemic management of organizations: Old ideas put to new use.Christine Wailand - 1993 - World Futures 36 (2):141-154.
  9.  10
    Research on the Evolutionary Game Model and Stable Strategy of Urban Management Law Enforcement.Fangkun Xin & Zijing Wang - 2022 - Complexity 2022:1-8.
    As a form of the informal economy, countries around the world have different policies towards street vendors. This paper constructs a law enforcement game model composed of the Chengguan, street vendors, and urban residents in China. Based on the evolutionary game theory, we achieved the evolutionary stable equilibrium points under complying with different constraint conditions by solving the replicator dynamic equations of parties in the dynamic system. Through the gradual stability analysis of the equilibrium point, the stable strategy (...)
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  10. Capacity for world strategic management: the forthcoming reform on the UN system through the prism of evolutionary survival imperatives.Ė. S. Markari︠a︡n - 1998 - Erevan: Gitutyun.
     
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  11.  6
    Beyond Risk Management, Toward Ethics: Institutional und Evolutionary Perspectives.Thomas Beschorner - 2013 - In Johanna Jauernig & Christoph Luetge (eds.), Business Ethics and Risk Management. Dordrecht: Springer. pp. 99--110.
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  12.  42
    Evolutionary Economics, Responsible Innovation and Demand: Making a Case for the Role of Consumers.Michael P. Schlaile, Matthias Mueller, Michael Schramm & Andreas Pyka - 2018 - Philosophy of Management 17 (1):7-39.
    This paper contributes to the (re-)conceptualisation of responsible innovation by proposing an evolutionary economic approach that focuses on the role of consumers in the innovation process. After a discussion of the philosophical foundations and ethical implications of this approach, which bears an explanatory potential that has not been adequately considered in previous discussions of responsible innovation, we present a first step towards capturing the important but often neglected role of consumers in innovation processes (including responsible innovation): We propose an (...)
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  13.  10
    The Evolutionary Firm and Its Moral (Dis)Contents.Sandra A. Waddock - 2004 - The Ruffin Series of the Society for Business Ethics 4:145-176.
    The business firm, called here the Evolutionary Firm, is shown to be a phenomenon of nature. The firm’s motives, organization, productivity, strategy, and moral significance are a direct outgrowth of natural evolution. Its managers, directors, and employees are natural agents enacting and responding to biological, physical, and ecological impulses inherited over evolutionary time from ancient human ancestors. The Evolutionary Firm’s moral posture is a function of its economizing success, competitive drive, quest for market dominance, social contracting skills, (...)
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  14.  17
    Evolutionary Reinforcement Learning for Adaptively Detecting Database Intrusions.Seul-Gi Choi & Sung-Bae Cho - 2020 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 28 (4):449-460.
    Relational database management system is the most popular database system. It is important to maintain data security from information leakage and data corruption. RDBMS can be attacked by an outsider or an insider. It is difficult to detect an insider attack because its patterns are constantly changing and evolving. In this paper, we propose an adaptive database intrusion detection system that can be resistant to potential insider misuse using evolutionary reinforcement learning, which combines reinforcement learning and evolutionary (...)
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  15.  30
    Evolutionary Morphology in Belgium: The Fortunes of the “Van Beneden School,” 1870–1900.Raf De Bont - 2008 - Journal of the History of Biology 41 (1):81-118.
    In historical literature, Edouard van Beneden is mostly remembered for his cytological discoveries. Less well known, however, is that he also introduced evolutionary morphology – and indeed evolutionary theory as such – in the Belgian academic world. The introduction of this research programme cannot be understood without taking both the international and the national context into account. It was clearly the German example of the Jena University that inspired van Beneden in his research interests. The actual launch of (...)
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  16.  28
    Evolutionary stakeholder theory and public utility regulation.William Kline & Karl McDermott - 2019 - Business and Society Review 124 (2):283-298.
    Public utility regulation is one example of how stakeholder theory has actually evolved in practice. Through trial and error, court cases, statutory law and economic realities, stakeholder theory has its origins almost a century before R Edward Freeman published his seminal work Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. This wealth of historical data is largely overlooked by the stakeholder literature. We will show in this article how the specific history of public utility regulation provides at least one answer to how (...)
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  17.  36
    Managing the future: Science, the Humanities, and the myth of omniscience.Carl Rubino - 1993 - World Futures 38 (1):157-164.
    (1993). Managing the future: Science, the Humanities, and the myth of omniscience. World Futures: Vol. 38, Theoretical Achievements and Practical Applications of General Evolutionary Theory, pp. 157-164.
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  18.  59
    An Evolutionary Perspective on the Long-Term Efficiency of Costly Punishment.Ulrich J. Frey & Hannes Rusch - 2012 - Biology and Philosophy 27 (6):811-831.
    Many studies show that punishment, although able to stabilize cooperation at high levels, destroys gains which makes it less efficient than alternatives with no punishment. Standard public goods games (PGGs) in fact show exactly these patterns. However, both evolutionary theory and real world institutions give reason to expect institutions with punishment to be more efficient, particularly in the long run. Long-term cooperative partnerships with punishment threats for non-cooperation should outperform defection prone non-punishing ones. This article demonstrates that fieldwork data (...)
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  19.  53
    The Evolutionary Firm and Its Moral (Dis)Contents.William C. Frederick - 2004 - The Ruffin Series of the Society for Business Ethics 4:145-176.
    The business firm, called here the Evolutionary Firm, is shown to be a phenomenon of nature. The firm’s motives, organization, productivity, strategy, and moral significance are a direct outgrowth of natural evolution. Its managers, directors, and employees are natural agents enacting and responding to biological, physical, and ecological impulses inherited over evolutionary time from ancient human ancestors. The Evolutionary Firm’s moral posture is a function of its economizing success, competitive drive, quest for market dominance, social contracting skills, (...)
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  20. Bioeconomics, biopolitics and bioethics: evolutionary semantics of evolutionary risk (anthropological essay).V. T. Cheshko - 2016 - Bioeconomics and Ecobiopolitic (1 (2)).
    Attempt of trans-disciplinary analysis of the evolutionary value of bioethics is realized. Currently, there are High Tech schemes for management and control of genetic, socio-cultural and mental evolution of Homo sapiens (NBIC, High Hume, etc.). The biological, socio-cultural and technological factors are included in the fabric of modern theories and technologies of social and political control and manipulation. However, the basic philosophical and ideological systems of modern civilization formed mainly in the 17–18 centuries and are experiencing ever-increasing and (...)
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  21. Managing Salience: The Importance of Intellectual Virtue in Analyses of Biased Scientific Reasoning.Moira Howes - 2012 - Hypatia 27 (4):736-754.
    Feminist critiques of science show that systematic biases strongly influence what scientific communities find salient. Features of reality relevant to women, for instance, may be under-appreciated or disregarded because of bias. Many feminist analyses of values in science identify problems with salience and suggest better epistemologies. But overlooked in such analyses are important discussions about intellectual virtues and the role they play in determining salience. Intellectual virtues influence what we should find salient. They do this in part by managing the (...)
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  22. RNA’s Role in the Origins of Life: An Agentic ‘Manager’, or Recipient of ‘Off-loaded’ Constraints?John E. Stewart - 2021 - Biosemiotics 14 (3):643-650.
    In his Target Article, Terrence Deacon develops simple models that assist in understanding the role of RNA in the origins of life. However, his models fail to adequately represent an important evolutionary dynamic. Central to this dynamic is the selection that impinges on RNA molecules in the context of their association with proto-metabolisms. This selection shapes the role of RNA in the emergence of life. When this evolutionary dynamic is appropriately taken into account, it predicts a role for (...)
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  23.  3
    Evolutionary Morphology in Belgium: The Fortunes of the “Van Beneden School,” 1870–1900.Raf De Bont - 2008 - Journal of the History of Biology 41 (1):81-118.
    In historical literature, Edouard van Beneden (1846–1910) is mostly remembered for his cytological discoveries. Less well known, however, is that he also introduced evolutionary morphology – and indeed evolutionary theory as such – in the Belgian academic world. The introduction of this research programme cannot be understood without taking both the international and the national context into account. It was clearly the German example of the Jena University that inspired van Beneden in his research interests. The actual launch (...)
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  24.  12
    The Evolutionary Firm and Its Moral (Dis)Contents.William C. Frederick - 2004 - The Ruffin Series of the Society for Business Ethics 4:145-176.
    The business firm, called here the Evolutionary Firm, is shown to be a phenomenon of nature. The firm’s motives, organization, productivity, strategy, and moral significance are a direct outgrowth of natural evolution. Its managers, directors, and employees are natural agents enacting and responding to biological, physical, and ecological impulses inherited over evolutionary time from ancient human ancestors. The Evolutionary Firm’s moral posture is a function of its economizing success, competitive drive, quest for market dominance, social contracting skills, (...)
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  25.  27
    A Conceptual Approach to Complex Model Management with Generalized Modelling Patterns and Evolutionary Identification.Sergey V. Kovalchuk, Oleg G. Metsker, Anastasia A. Funkner, Ilia O. Kisliakovskii, Nikolay O. Nikitin, Anna V. Kalyuzhnaya, Danila A. Vaganov & Klavdiya O. Bochenina - 2018 - Complexity 2018:1-15.
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  26.  19
    The evolutionary stability of optimism, pessimism, and complete ignorance.Burkhard C. Schipper - 2021 - Theory and Decision 90 (3-4):417-454.
    We seek an evolutionary explanation for why in some situations humans maintain either optimistic or pessimistic attitudes toward uncertainty and are ignorant to relevant aspects of their environment. Players in strategic games face Knightian uncertainty about opponents’ actions and maximize individually their Choquet expected utility with respect to neo-additive capacities allowing for both an optimistic or pessimistic attitude toward uncertainty as well as ignorance to strategic dependencies. An optimist overweighs good outcomes. A complete ignorant never reacts to opponents’ changes (...)
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  27.  16
    Evolutionary Game of Social Network for Emergency Mobilization (SNEM) of Magnitude Emergencies: Evidence from China.Rui Nan, Jingjie Wang & Wenjun Zhu - 2022 - Complexity 2022:1-13.
    As a common social network, the SNEM plays an important role in emergency management. Magnitude emergencies are characterized by high complexity and uncertainty, and it is impossible to rely on the government for emergency management alone. We should absorb multiple subjects to build the SNEM and carry out extensive emergency mobilization in the whole society. The SNEM can integrate resources, gather consensus, promote participation, and reduce risks. The analysis of the types, generation mechanism, subject behavior, and strategy selection (...)
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  28.  10
    Evolutionary Game Analysis of Construction Workers' Unsafe Behaviors Based on Incentive and Punishment Mechanisms.Jianbo Zhu, Ce Zhang, Shuyi Wang, Jingfeng Yuan & Qiming Li - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Construction is one of the most dangerous industries because of its open working environment and risky construction conditions. In the process of construction, risk events cause great losses for owners and workers. Most of the risk events are closely related to unsafe behaviors of workers. Therefore, it is of great significance for contractors to establish management measures, e.g., incentive and punishment mechanism, to induce workers to reduce unsafe behaviors. This paper aims to take the incentive and punishment mechanism into (...)
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  29.  23
    The evolutionary route to self-deception: Why offensive versus defensive strategy might be a false alternative.Ulrich Frey & Eckart Voland - 2011 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34 (1):21-22.
    Self-deception may be the result of social manipulation and conflict management of social in-groups. Although self-deception certainly has offensive and defensive aspects, a full evolutionary understanding of this phenomenon is not possible until strategies of other parties are included into a model of self-perception and self-representation.
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  30.  33
    S. Pinker’s View of Human Nature and Dupré’s Critique of Evolutionary Psychology: A Comparative Analysis.Irfan Muhammad & Mahvish Khaskhely - 2023 - Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 62 (1):1-15.
    _One of the enduring queries in the development of human intellectual thought is, "What is human nature?" What does it mean to be a human tends to be defined by all disciplines, including religion? We all need theories about what makes people tick in order to predict how they will respond to their environment in various situations. Indeed, how we view human nature affects a number of things. People utilize it in their private lives to govern their daily routines, manage (...)
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  31.  24
    Evolutionary design and the economy of discourse.Ingrid Bck - 2010 - Technoetic Arts 8 (1):67-76.
    Combining genetic algorithms that produce complex, fluid, biomorphic shapes with probabilistic systems that incorporate randomness, the designers attempt to mimic adaptive systems in natural evolution in order to arrive at intelligent design solutions. The design processes are said to be interactive and sensitive to varying conditions, behaving like an exceptionally perceptive and adaptive organism during an evolutionary process (Somol 2004: 8687); this process can be compared to the recent attempt by the architectural avant-garde to move beyond the semiotic interests (...)
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  32.  64
    The Evolutionary Firm and Its Moral (Dis)Contents.Sandra A. Waddock - 2004 - The Ruffin Series of the Society for Business Ethics 4:145-176.
    The business firm, called here the Evolutionary Firm, is shown to be a phenomenon of nature. The firm’s motives, organization, productivity, strategy, and moral significance are a direct outgrowth of natural evolution. Its managers, directors, and employees are natural agents enacting and responding to biological, physical, and ecological impulses inherited over evolutionary time from ancient human ancestors. The Evolutionary Firm’s moral posture is a function of its economizing success, competitive drive, quest for market dominance, social contracting skills, (...)
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  33.  9
    Adaptive Management of Nonnative Species: Moving Beyond the “Either-Or” Through Experimental Pluralism.Jason M. Evans, Ann C. Wilkie & Jeffrey Burkhardt - 2008 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 21 (6):521-539.
    This paper develops the outlines of a pragmatic, adaptive management-based approach toward the control of invasive nonnative species (INS) through a case study of Kings Bay/crystal River, a large artesian springs ecosystem that is one of Florida’s most important habitats for endangered West Indian manatees (Trichechus manatus). Building upon recent critiques of invasion biology, principles of adaptive management, and our own interview and participant–observer research, we argue that this case study represents an example in which rigid application of (...)
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  34.  16
    Epigenetics across the evolutionary tree: New paradigms from non‐model animals.Kirsten C. Sadler - 2023 - Bioessays 45 (1):2200036.
    All animals have evolved solutions to manage their genomes, enabling the efficient organization of meters of DNA strands in the nucleus and allowing for nuanced regulation of gene expression while keeping transposable elements suppressed. Epigenetic modifications are central to accomplishing all these. Recent advances in sequencing technologies and the development of techniques that profile epigenetic marks and chromatin accessibility using reagents that can be used in any species has catapulted epigenomic studies in diverse animal species, shedding light on the multitude (...)
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  35. Cytoskeleton and Consciousness: An Evolutionary Based Review.Contzen Pereira - 2015 - Neuroquantology 13 (2).
    The fields of quantum biology and physics are now starting to unite to solve the mysteries associated with the field of evolutionary biology. One such question is the origination and propagation of consciousness which has always been ambiguous and in order to understand this concept, many theories have been proposed by several philosophers and scientists. This review paper agrees with the idea, that evolution is not a random process but hypothesizes, that its succession was managed by the expanding level (...)
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  36.  12
    Managing enzyme promiscuity in plant specialized metabolism: A lesson from flavonoid biosynthesis.Toshiyuki Waki, Seiji Takahashi & Toru Nakayama - 2021 - Bioessays 43 (3):2000164.
    Specificities of enzymes involved in plant specialized metabolism, including flavonoid biosynthesis, are generally promiscuous. This enzyme promiscuity has served as an evolutionary basis for new enzyme functions and metabolic pathways in land plants adapting to environmental challenges. This phenomenon may lead, however, to inefficiency in specialized metabolism and adversely affect metabolite‐mediated plant survival. How plants manage enzyme promiscuity for efficient specialized metabolism is, thus, an open question. Recent studies of flavonoid biosynthesis addressing this issue have revealed a conserved strategy, (...)
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  37.  36
    Noncompliance With Safety Guidelines as a Free-Riding Strategy: An Evolutionary Game-Theoretic Approach to Cooperation During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Jose C. Yong & Bryan K. C. Choy - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Evolutionary game theory and public goods games offer an important framework to understand cooperation during pandemics. From this perspective, the COVID-19 situation can be conceptualized as a dilemma where people who neglect safety precautions act as free riders, because they get to enjoy the benefits of decreased health risk from others’ compliance with policies despite not contributing to or even undermining public safety themselves. At the same time, humans appear to carry a suite of evolved psychological mechanisms aimed at (...)
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  38.  41
    Business Ethics and Risk Management.Johanna Jauernig & Christoph Luetge (eds.) - 2013 - Dordrecht: Springer.
    This volume explores various aspects of risk taking. It offers an analysis of financial, entrepreneurial and social risks, as well as a discussion of the ethical implications of empirical findings. The main issues examined in the book are the financial crisis and its implications for business ethics. The book discusses unethical behaviour as a reputational risk (e.g., in the case of Goldman Sachs) and the question is raised as to what extent the financial crisis has changed the banks’ entrepreneurial strategy. (...)
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  39. A philosophical and evolutionary approach to cyber-bullying: social networks and the disruption of sub-moralities.Tommaso Bertolotti & Lorenzo Magnani - 2013 - Ethics and Information Technology 15 (4):285-299.
    Cyber-bullying, and other issues related to violence being committed online in prosocial environments, are beginning to constitute an emergency worldwide. Institutions are particularly sensitive to the problem especially as far as teenagers are concerned inasmuch as, in cases of inter-teen episodes, the deterrent power of ordinary justice is not as effective as it is between adults. In order to develop the most suitable policies, institution should not be satisfied with statistics and sociological perspectives on the phenomenon, but rather seek a (...)
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  40.  2
    Ferritins in Chordata: Potential evolutionary trajectory marked by discrete selective pressures.Maciej P. Golan, Sebastian Piłsyk, Anna Muszewska & Agata Wawrzyniak - 2021 - Bioessays 43 (1):2000207.
    Ferritins (FTs) are iron storage proteins that are involved in managing iron‐oxygen balance. In our work, we present a hypothesis on the putative effect of geological changes that have affected the evolution and radiation of ferritin proteins. Based on sequence analysis and phylogeny reconstruction, we hypothesize that two significant factors have been involved in the evolution of ferritin proteins: fluctuations of atmospheric oxygen concentrations, altering redox potential, and changing availability of water rich in bioavailable ferric ions.Fish, ancient amphibians, reptiles, and (...)
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  41.  29
    Managing Socio-Ethical Challenges in the Development of Smart Farming: From a Fragmented to a Comprehensive Approach for Responsible Research and Innovation.C. Eastwood, L. Klerkx, M. Ayre & B. Dela Rue - 2019 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 32 (5):741-768.
    Smart farming has largely been driven by productivity and efficiency aims, but there is an increasing awareness of potential socio-ethical challenges. The responsible research and innovation approach aims to address such challenges but has had limited application in smart farming contexts. Using smart dairying research and development in New Zealand as a case study, we examine the extent to which principles of RRI have been applied in NZ smart dairying development and assess the broader lessons for RRI application in smart (...)
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  42. Evolutionary possibilities: Can a society be constrained so that “the good” self-organizes?John E. Stewart - 2018 - World Futures 74 (1):1-35.
    Can a human society be constrained in such a way that self-organization will thereafter tend to produce outcomes that advance the goals of the society? Such a society would be self-organizing in the sense that individuals who pursue only their own interests would none-the-less act in the interests of the society as a whole, irrespective of any intention to do so. The paper sketches an agent-based model that identifies the conditions that must be met if such a self-organizing society is (...)
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  43.  10
    Managing Socio-Ethical Challenges in the Development of Smart Farming: From a Fragmented to a Comprehensive Approach for Responsible Research and Innovation.C. Eastwood, L. Klerkx, M. Ayre & B. Dela Rue - 2019 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 32 (5):741-768.
    Smart farming has largely been driven by productivity and efficiency aims, but there is an increasing awareness of potential socio-ethical challenges. The responsible research and innovation approach aims to address such challenges but has had limited application in smart farming contexts. Using smart dairying research and development in New Zealand as a case study, we examine the extent to which principles of RRI have been applied in NZ smart dairying development and assess the broader lessons for RRI application in smart (...)
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  44.  25
    Managing Relationship Decay.Sam B. G. Roberts & R. I. M. Dunbar - 2015 - Human Nature 26 (4):426-450.
    Relationships are central to human life strategies and have crucial fitness consequences. Yet, at the same time, they incur significant maintenance costs that are rarely considered in either social psychological or evolutionary studies. Although many social psychological studies have explored their dynamics, these studies have typically focused on a small number of emotionally intense ties, whereas social networks in fact consist of a large number of ties that serve a variety of different functions. In this study, we examined how (...)
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  45.  57
    Freedom in Captivity: Managing Zoo Animals According to the ‘Five Freedoms’.Nelly Mäekivi - 2018 - Biosemiotics 11 (1):7-25.
    Animal welfare is a complex matter that includes scientific, ethical, economic and other dimensions. Despite the existence of more comprehensive approaches to animal welfare and the obvious shortcomings of the ‘Five Freedoms’, for zoological gardens the freedoms still constitute the general guidelines to be followed. These guidelines reflect both, an ethical view and a science based approach. Analysis reveals that the potential ineptitude of the ‘Five Freedoms’ lies in the manifold perceptions that people have of other animals. These perceptions are (...)
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  46. Modes of managing morality: A descriptive model of strategies for managing ethics. [REVIEW]Gedeon J. Rossouw & Leon J. van Vuuren - 2003 - Journal of Business Ethics 46 (4):389 - 402.
    As an alternative to attempts to impose models of personal moral development (e.g. Kohlberg) upon organisations we propose an evolutionary model of managing ethics in organisations. The Modes of Managing Morality Model that we suggest, is based on an analysis that explains why business organisations tend to move from less complex modes of managing ethics to more complex modes thereof. Furthermore, it also identifies the dominant ethics management strategies that characterise each of the stages. It is done in (...)
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  47.  30
    Gendered agrobiodiversity management and adaptation to climate change: differentiated strategies in two marginal rural areas of India.Federica Ravera, Victoria Reyes-García, Unai Pascual, Adam G. Drucker, David Tarrasón & Mauricio R. Bellon - 2019 - Agriculture and Human Values 36 (3):455-474.
    Social and cultural contexts influence power dynamics and shape gender perceptions, roles, and decisions regarding the management of agrobiodiversity for dealing with and adapting to climate change. Based on a feminist political ecology framework and a mixed method approach, this research performs an empirical analysis of two case studies in the northern of India, one in the Himalayan Mountains and another in the Indian-Gangetic plains. It explores context-specific influence of gender roles and responsibilities on on-farm agrobiodiversity management gendered (...)
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  48. Pandemic Leadership: Sex Differences and Their Evolutionary–Developmental Origins.Severi Luoto & Marco Antonio Correa Varella - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global societal, economic, and social upheaval unseen in living memory. There have been substantial cross-national differences in the kinds of policies implemented by political decision-makers to prevent the spread of the virus, to test the population, and to manage infected patients. Among other factors, these policies vary with politicians’ sex: early findings indicate that, on average, female leaders seem more focused on minimizing direct human suffering caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, while male leaders implement (...)
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  49.  31
    Error management, reliability and cognitive evolution.Bengt Autzen - 2017 - Biology and Philosophy 32 (6):935-950.
    The paper offers a partial vindication of Sterelny’s view on the role of error rates and reliability in his theory of decoupled representation based on modelling techniques borrowed from the biological literature on evolution in stochastic environments. In the case of a tight link between tracking states and behaviour, I argue that in its full generality Sterelny’s account instantiates the base-rate fallacy. With regard to non-tightly linked behaviour, I show that Sterelny’s account can be vindicated subject to an adequate (...) model and a suitable notion of reliability. (shrink)
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    Naturalness in Biodiversity Management.Helena Siipi - 2007 - The Proceedings of the Twenty-First World Congress of Philosophy 3:173-178.
    Decline of biodiversity—richness, variety and variability of living beings—is an issue of concern world wide. Nevertheless, not all biological diversity is valued by conservation biologists. Most of them reject an idea of creation of so called A-areas—i.e. maximally rich and diverse biotic areas which have been produced by methods like genetic engineering and species introduction. Reasons for this are considered. A-areas are artefacts: their existence has been intentionally brought about by intentionally modifying their properties in order to produce an entity (...)
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