Results for 'John Bell'

981 found
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  1.  82
    Oxford essays in jurisprudence.John Eekelaar & John Bell (eds.) - 1987 - New York: Oxford University Press.
  2.  25
    To Show or Not to Show? The Depiction of Terror and Death in Nairobi.John-Bell S. Okoye, Daniel Mule, Levi Obonyo, Amugo Eric Kadenge, Laura Anyasi, Josephine Mule & Rajendran J. Britto - 2022 - Journal of Media Ethics 37 (4):238-251.
    This study examines the metajournalistic discourse reflected in the use of corpse images from the DusitD2 terror attack in Nairobi, Kenya, in January 2019. Drawing from concepts such as responsibility and resistance ethics, this study explores the viewpoints of Kenyan journalists and bloggers. Situated within qualitative research methodology, the findings suggest that the New York Times’ use of victims’ corpse images reflects a double standard and visual bias, and its defense of the news report can be considered an example of (...)
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  3.  27
    Ethics and Institutions: Taking a Closer Look at Rewards.John Médaille, R. Greg Bell, K. Matthew Gilley & Dave Webb - 2013 - Journal of Business Ethics Education 10:261-274.
    The ethical culture of any organization is not simply a reflection of its mission statement or even its code of conduct. Rather, the real ethics of institutions are often embedded in their reward systems. We suggest how ethics professors can lead students to develop a greater understanding of rewards by providing a review of various forms of organizational rewards. We also offer insights into how professors can compare reward systems in their classes. We conclude by addressing a number of pedagogical (...)
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  4. Speakable and unspeakable in quantum mechanics: collected papers on quantum philosophy.John Stewart Bell - 1987 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    This book comprises all of John Bell's published and unpublished papers in the field of quantum mechanics, including two papers that appeared after the first edition was published. It also contains a preface written for the first edition, and an introduction by Alain Aspect that puts into context Bell's great contribution to the quantum philosophy debate. One of the leading expositors and interpreters of modern quantum theory, John Bell played a major role in the development (...)
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  5.  23
    Stigmatisation, Exaggeration, and Contradiction: An Analysis of Scientific and Clinical Content in Canadian Print Media Discourse About Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder.John Aspler, Natalie Zizzo, Emily Bell, Nina Di Pietro & Eric Racine - unknown
    Background: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), a complex diagnosis that includes a wide range of neurodevelopmental disabilities, results from exposure to alcohol in the womb. FASD remains poorly understood by Canadians, which could contribute to reported stigma faced by both people with FASD and women who drink alcohol while pregnant. Methods: To better understand how information about FASD is presented in the public sphere, we conducted content analysis of 286 articles from ten major English-language Canadian newspapers (2002-2015). We used inductive (...)
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  6. Higher-Order Logic and Type Theory.John L. Bell - 2022 - Cambridge University Press.
    This Element is an exposition of second- and higher-order logic and type theory. It begins with a presentation of the syntax and semantics of classical second-order logic, pointing up the contrasts with first-order logic. This leads to a discussion of higher-order logic based on the concept of a type. The second Section contains an account of the origins and nature of type theory, and its relationship to set theory. Section 3 introduces Local Set Theory, an important form of type theory (...)
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  7. Elementary Propositions and Independence.John L. Bell & William Demopoulos - 1996 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 37 (1):112-124.
    This paper is concerned with Wittgenstein's early doctrine of the independence of elementary propositions. Using the notion of a free generator for a logical calculus–a concept we claim was anticipated by Wittgenstein–we show precisely why certain difficulties associated with his doctrine cannot be overcome. We then show that Russell's version of logical atomism–with independent particulars instead of elementary propositions–avoids the same difficulties.
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  8.  12
    The Continuum and the Evolution of the Concept of Real Number.John L. Bell - 2024 - In Bharath Sriraman (ed.), Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Mathematical Practice. Cham: Springer. pp. 1473-1562.
    This chapter traces the historical and conceptual development of the idea of the continuum and the allied concept of real number. Particular attention is paid to the idea of infinitesimal, which played a key role in the development of the calculus during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and which has undergone a revival in the later twentieth century.
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  9.  6
    The logic of nonmonotonicity.John Bell - 1990 - Artificial Intelligence 41 (3):365-374.
  10. Creutz, Michael, 487 Crowell, LB, 1123.John P. Cullerne, F. Antonuccio, K. Avinash, D. Bar, Sarah Bell, Darrin W. Belousek, Carl M. Bender, Armando Bernui, Timothy H. Boyer & Carl E. Carlson - 2000 - Foundations of Physics 30 (12).
  11. Oppositions and paradoxes in mathematics and philosophy John L. bell abstract.John Bell - manuscript
    In this paper a number of oppositions which have haunted mathematics and philosophy are described and analyzed. These include the Continuous and the Discrete, the One and the Many, the Finite and the Infinite, the Whole and the Part, and the Constant and the Variable.
     
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  12.  27
    Recollections of logicians, mathematicians and philosophers.John L. Bell - 2023 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 31 (6):1232-1250.
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  13.  22
    Electroencephalographic registration of low concentrations of isoamyl acetate.John P. Kline, Gary E. Schwartz, Ziya V. Dikman & Iris R. Bell - 2000 - Consciousness and Cognition 9 (1):50-65.
    Previous research has demonstrated electroencephalogram (EEG) changes in response to low-odor concentrations, resulting in near-chance detection. Such findings have been taken as evidence for olfaction without awareness. We replicated and extended previous work by examining EEG responses to water-water control, 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, and 1 ppm isoamyl acetate (IAA) in water paired with water only. Detection was above chance (>50%) for .001 and above, and alpha decreased only to those concentrations, suggesting that EEG changes corresponded to IAA awareness. However, when (...)
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  14.  48
    Who Should be Involved in Health Care Decision Making? A Qualitative Study.John McKie, Bradley Shrimpton, Rosalind Hurworth, Catherine Bell & Jeff Richardson - 2008 - Health Care Analysis 16 (2):114-126.
    Most countries appear to believe that their health system is in a state of semi-crisis with expenditures rising rapidly, with the benefits of many services unknown and with pressure from the public to ensure access to a comprehensive range of services. But whose values should inform decision-making in the health area, and should the influence of different groups vary with the level of decision-making? These questions were put to 54 members of the public and health professionals in eight focus groups. (...)
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  15. Is comparative law necessary for legal theory?John Bell - 2016 - In Maksymilian Del Mar & Michael Lobban (eds.), Law in theory and history: new essays on a neglected dialogue. Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing.
     
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  16. Hermann Weyl on intuition and the continuum.John L. Bell - 2000 - Philosophia Mathematica 8 (3):259-273.
    Hermann Weyl, one of the twentieth century's greatest mathematicians, was unusual in possessing acute literary and philosophical sensibilities—sensibilities to which he gave full expression in his writings. In this paper I use quotations from these writings to provide a sketch of Weyl's philosophical orientation, following which I attempt to elucidate his views on the mathematical continuum, bringing out the central role he assigned to intuition.
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  17. The axiom of choice.John L. Bell - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    The principle of set theory known as the Axiom of Choice has been hailed as “probably the most interesting and, in spite of its late appearance, the most discussed axiom of mathematics, second only to Euclid's axiom of parallels which was introduced more than two thousand years ago” (Fraenkel, Bar-Hillel & Levy 1973, §II.4). The fulsomeness of this description might lead those unfamiliar with the axiom to expect it to be as startling as, say, the Principle of the Constancy of (...)
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  18. Logic, quantum logic and empiricism.John Bell & Michael Hallett - 1982 - Philosophy of Science 49 (3):355-379.
    This paper treats some of the issues raised by Putnam's discussion of, and claims for, quantum logic, specifically: that its proposal is a response to experimental difficulties; that it is a reasonable replacement for classical logic because its connectives retain their classical meanings, and because it can be derived as a logic of tests. We argue that the first claim is wrong (1), and that while conjunction and disjunction can be considered to retain their classical meanings, negation crucially does not. (...)
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  19. Whole and part in mathematics.John L. Bell - 2004 - Axiomathes 14 (4):285-294.
    The centrality of the whole/part relation in mathematics is demonstrated through the presentation and analysis of examples from algebra, geometry, functional analysis,logic, topology and category theory.
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  20. Infinitary logic.John L. Bell - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    Traditionally, expressions in formal systems have been regarded as signifying finite inscriptions which are—at least in principle—capable of actually being written out in primitive notation. However, the fact that (first-order) formulas may be identified with natural numbers (via "Gödel numbering") and hence with finite sets makes it no longer necessary to regard formulas as inscriptions, and suggests the possibility of fashioning "languages" some of whose formulas would be naturally identified as infinite sets . A "language" of this kind is called (...)
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  21.  38
    The Continuous, the Discrete and the Infinitesimal in Philosophy and Mathematics.John L. Bell - 2019 - Springer Verlag.
    This book explores and articulates the concepts of the continuous and the infinitesimal from two points of view: the philosophical and the mathematical. The first section covers the history of these ideas in philosophy. Chapter one, entitled ‘The continuous and the discrete in Ancient Greece, the Orient and the European Middle Ages,’ reviews the work of Plato, Aristotle, Epicurus, and other Ancient Greeks; the elements of early Chinese, Indian and Islamic thought; and early Europeans including Henry of Harclay, Nicholas of (...)
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  22. Finite Sets and Frege Structures.John Bell - 1999 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 64 (4):1552-1556.
     
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  23.  17
    Oppositions and Paradoxes: Philosophical Perplexities in Science and Mathematics.John L. Bell - 2016 - Peterborough, Ontario, Canada: Broadview Press.
    Since antiquity, opposed concepts such as the One and the Many, the Finite and the Infinite, and the Absolute and the Relative, have been a driving force in philosophical, scientific, and mathematical thought. Yet they have also given rise to perplexing problems and conceptual paradoxes which continue to haunt scientists and philosophers. In _Oppositions and Paradoxes_, John L. Bell explains and investigates the paradoxes and puzzles that arise out of conceptual oppositions in physics and mathematics. In the process, (...)
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  24. How to teach special relativity.John S. Bell - 1976 - Progress in Scientific Culture 1.
     
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  25.  3
    Extended causal theories.John Bell - 1991 - Artificial Intelligence 48 (2):211-224.
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  26. Frege's theorem in a constructive setting.John L. Bell - 1999 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 64 (2):486-488.
    then E has a subset which is the domain of a model of Peano's axioms for the natural numbers. (This result is proved explicitly, using classical reasoning, in section 3 of [1].) My purpose in this note is to strengthen this result in two directions: first, the premise will be weakened so as to require only that the map ν be defined on the family of (Kuratowski) finite subsets of the set E, and secondly, the argument will be constructive, i.e., (...)
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  27.  81
    An exchange on local beables.John S. Bell, J. Clauser, M. Horne & A. Shimony - 1985 - Dialectica 39 (2):85-96.
    Summarya) Bell tries to formulate more explicitly a notion of “local causality”: correlations between physical events in different space‐time regions should be explicable in terms of physical events in the overlap of the backward light cones. It is shown that ordinary relativistic quantum field theory is not locally causal in this sense, and cannot be embedded in a locally causal theory.b) Clauser, Home and Shimony criticize several steps in Bell's argument that any theory of local “beables” is incompatible (...)
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  28. Hermann Weyl's later philosophical views: His divergence from Husserl.John Bell - manuscript
    In what seems to have been his last paper, Insight and Reflection (1954), Hermann Weyl provides an illuminating sketch of his intellectual development, and describes the principal influences—scientific and philosophical—exerted on him in the course of his career as a mathematician. Of the latter the most important in the earlier stages was Husserl’s phenomenology. In Weyl’s work of 1918-22 we find much evidence of the great influence Husserl’s ideas had on Weyl’s philosophical outlook—one need merely glance through the pages of (...)
     
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  29. Observations on category theory.John L. Bell - 2001 - Axiomathes 12 (1-2):151-155.
    is a presentation of mathematics in terms of the fundamental concepts of transformation, and composition of transformations. While the importance of these concepts had long been recognized in algebra (for example, by Galois through the idea of a group of permutations) and in geometry (for example, by Klein in his Erlanger Programm), the truly universal role they play in mathematics did not really begin to be appreciated until the rise of abstract algebra in the 1930s. In abstract algebra the idea (...)
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  30.  22
    Set Theory: Boolean-Valued Models and Independence Proofs.John L. Bell - 2011 - Oxford University Press.
    This third edition, now available in paperback, is a follow up to the author's classic Boolean-Valued Models and Independence Proofs in Set Theory. It provides an exposition of some of the most important results in set theory obtained in the 20th century: the independence of the continuum hypothesis and the axiom of choice.
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  31.  9
    Book Reviews of Selling Rights 4th edition, Stet, Thinking through Translation, Double Fold: Libraries and the Assault on Paper, Global Infatuation: Explorations in transnational publishing and texts the case of Harlequin enterprises and Sweden.Simon Bell, John Churchill, Eva Hemmungs Wirtén, F. W. Ratcliffe & DeNel Rehberg Sedo - 2001 - Logos 12 (3):156-165.
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  32.  49
    Subject and object.John S. Bell - 1973 - In Jagdish Mehra (ed.), The physicist's conception of nature. Boston,: Reidel. pp. 687--690.
  33. The axiom of choice and the law of excluded middle in weak set theories.John L. Bell - 2008 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 54 (2):194-201.
    A weak form of intuitionistic set theory WST lacking the axiom of extensionality is introduced. While WST is too weak to support the derivation of the law of excluded middle from the axiom of choice, we show that bee.ng up WST with moderate extensionality principles or quotient sets enables the derivation to go through.
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  34. Sets and classes as many.John L. Bell - 2000 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 29 (6):585-601.
    In this paper the view is developed that classes should not be understood as individuals, but, rather, as "classes as many" of individuals. To correlate classes with individuals "labelling" and "colabelling" functions are introduced and sets identified with a certain subdomain of the classes on which the labelling and colabelling functions are mutually inverse. A minimal axiomatization of the resulting system is formulated and some of its extensions are related to various systems of set theory, including nonwellfounded set theories.
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  35.  11
    Set Theory : Boolean-Valued Models and Independence Proofs: Boolean-Valued Models and Independence Proofs.John L. Bell - 2005 - Oxford University Press UK.
    This monograph is a follow up to the author's classic text Boolean-Valued Models and Independence Proofs in Set Theory, providing an exposition of some of the most important results in set theory obtained in the 20th century--the independence of the continuum hypothesis and the axiom of choice. Aimed at research students and academics in mathematics, mathematical logic, philosophy, and computer science, the text has been extensively updated with expanded introductory material, new chapters, and a new appendix on category theory, and (...)
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  36.  89
    Continuity and Infinitesimals.John L. Bell - unknown
    The usual meaning of the word continuous is “unbroken” or “uninterrupted”: thus a continuous entity —a continuum—has no “gaps.” We commonly suppose that space and time are continuous, and certain philosophers have maintained that all natural processes occur continuously: witness, for example, Leibniz's famous apothegm natura non facit saltus—“nature makes no jump.” In mathematics the word is used in the same general sense, but has had to be furnished with increasingly precise definitions. So, for instance, in the later 18th century (...)
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  37. The Continuous and the Infinitesimal in Mathematics and Philosophy.John L. Bell - 2007 - Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 13 (3):361-363.
     
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  38.  21
    Priority Setting and Patient Adaptation to Disability and Illness: Outcomes of a Qualitative Study.John McKie, Rosalind Hurworth, Bradley Shrimpton, Jeff Richardson & Catherine Bell - 2013 - Health Care Analysis 22 (3):255-271.
    The study examined the question of who should make decisions for a National Health Scheme about the allocation of health resources when the health states of beneficiaries could change because of adaptation. Eight semi-structured small group discussions were conducted. Following focus group theory, interviews commenced with general questions followed by transition questions and ended with a ‘focus’ or ‘key’ question. Participants were presented with several scenarios in which patients adapted to their health states. They were then asked their views about (...)
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  39.  6
    Closing the Gap in Health Care: A Personal Odyssey.Thaddeus John Bell - 2021 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 49 (2):168-173.
    This narrative provides insight into medical education for Black physicians in South Carolina in the 1960s, during the civil rights movement. It also discusses the many rewards and challenges of being a physician of color, describes what has been done to develop programs that benefit minority communities, and argues that more such programs are needed.
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  40.  42
    Boolean Algebras and Distributive Lattices Treated Constructively.John L. Bell - 1999 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 45 (1):135-143.
    Some aspects of the theory of Boolean algebras and distributive lattices–in particular, the Stone Representation Theorems and the properties of filters and ideals–are analyzed in a constructive setting.
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  41.  53
    Corrigendum to “Incompleteness in a general setting”.John L. Bell - 2008 - Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 14 (1):122-122.
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  42. Time and causation in gödel's universe.John Bell - manuscript
    In 1949 the great logician Kurt Gödel constructed the first mathematical models of the universe in which travel into the past is, in theory at least, possible. Within the framework of Einstein’s general theory of relativity Gödel produced cosmological solutions to Einstein’s field equations which contain closed time-like curves, that is, curves in spacetime which, despite being closed, still represent possible paths of bodies. An object moving along such a path would travel back into its own past, to the very (...)
     
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  43. The axiom of choice in the foundations of mathematics.John Bell - manuscript
    The principle of set theory known as the Axiom of Choice (AC) has been hailed as “probably the most interesting and, in spite of its late appearance, the most discussed axiom of mathematics, second only to Euclid’s axiom of parallels which was introduced more than two thousand years ago”1 It has been employed in countless mathematical papers, a number of monographs have been exclusively devoted to it, and it has long played a prominently role in discussions on the foundations of (...)
     
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  44. Divergent conceptions of the continuum in 19th and early 20th century mathematics and philosophy.John L. Bell - 2005 - Axiomathes 15 (1):63-84.
  45.  24
    Fregean Extensions of First‐Order Theories.John L. Bell - 1994 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 40 (1):27-30.
    It is shown by Parsons [2] that the first-order fragment of Frege's logical system in the Grundgesetze der Arithmetic is consistent. In this note we formulate and prove a stronger version of this result for arbitrary first-order theories. We also show that a natural attempt to further strengthen our result runs afoul of Tarski's theorem on the undefinability of truth.
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  46. A representation theory for modalized distributive lattices.John Bell - manuscript
    By a lattice we shall always mean a distributive lattice which is bounded, i.e. has both a bottom element 0 and a top element 1. Lattice homomorphisms will always be assumed to preserve 0 and 1.
     
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  47. Chapter.John Bell - manuscript
    Despite the great success of Weierstrass, Dedekind and Cantor in constructing the continuum from arithmetical materials, a number of thinkers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries remained opposed, in varying degrees, to the idea of explicating the continuum concept entirely in discrete terms. These include the mathematicians du Bois-Reymond, Veronese, Poincaré, Brouwer and Weyl, and the philosophers Brentano..
     
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  48. Some new intuitionistic equivalents of Zorn’s Lemma.John L. Bell - 2003 - Archive for Mathematical Logic 42 (8):811-814.
    Two new intuitionistic equivalents to Zarn’s Lemma are stated and proved.
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  49.  39
    Hermann Weyl.John L. Bell - 2010 - Revue Philosophique de la France Et de l'Etranger.
  50.  63
    Logical Options: An Introduction to Classical and Alternative Logics.John L. Bell, David DeVidi & Graham Solomon - 2001 - Peterborough, CA: Broadview Press.
    Logical Options introduces the extensions and alternatives to classical logic which are most discussed in the philosophical literature: many-sorted logic, second-order logic, modal logics, intuitionistic logic, three-valued logic, fuzzy logic, and free logic. Each logic is introduced with a brief description of some aspect of its philosophical significance, and wherever possible semantic and proof methods are employed to facilitate comparison of the various systems. The book is designed to be useful for philosophy students and professional philosophers who have learned some (...)
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