Results for 'I. Shapiro'

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  1.  29
    Le public rationnel et la démocratie : Extrait de Reconsidering the democratic public, sous la direction de George E. Marcus et de Russel L. Hanson, Pennsylvania State University Press, 1993, p. 35-64. [REVIEW]Benjamin I. Page, Robert Y. Shapiro & Laurence Monnoyer-Smith - 2001 - Hermes 31:93.
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  2. Ot algoritmov - k suzhdenii︠a︡m.S. I. Shapiro - 1973 - Moskva: "Sov. radio,".
     
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  3. Reshenie logicheskikh i igrovykh zadach: logiko-psikhologicheskie ėti︠u︡dy.S. I. Shapiro - 1984 - Moskva: "Radio i svi︠a︡zʹ".
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  4.  11
    The Leader Vitality Scale: Development, Psychometric Assessment, and Validation.Jamie Shapiro & Stewart I. Donaldson - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    One of the most important units of analysis for positive organizational psychology research is leaders and future leaders in the workplace. Leaders often have a large responsibility for and influence on the well-being and performance of their followers. They also face the unique challenge of serving their followers and the organization while needing to maintain their own vitality and well-being. Vitality can provide a foundation of energy resources to a leader to serve at their full capacity. This study develops and (...)
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  5.  16
    Principles of crystal growth of intermetallic and oxide compounds from molten solutions.I. R. Fisher, M. C. Shapiro & J. G. Analytis - 2012 - Philosophical Magazine 92 (19-21):2401-2435.
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  6.  5
    Stagflation and the New Right.I. Shapiro & J. Kane - 1983 - Télos 1983 (56):5-39.
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  7. Demokratiia i grazhdanskoe obshchestvo.I. Shapiro - 1992 - Polis 4.
     
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  8.  6
    The Tao of Photography: Seeing Beyond Seeing.Philippe L. Gross & S. I. Shapiro - 2001 - Random House Digital.
    Draws upon Taoist wisdom and photographic artistry to provide insight into creativity, spirituality, and awareness training, with black-and-white photographs, passages from ancient Taoist writings, and practical exercises to explain the fundamentals of Taoist photography.
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  9. The Conceptual Role of 'Temperature'in Statistical Mechanics: Or How Probabilistic Averages Maximize Predictive Accuracy.Malcolm R. Forster, I. A. Kieseppä, Dan Hausman, Alexei Krioukov, Stephen Leeds, Alan Macdonald & Larry Shapiro - forthcoming - Philosophy of Science.
     
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  10.  8
    Contemporary Issues in the Americanization of Zen.S. I. Shapiro - 1991 - Buddhist-Christian Studies 11:267.
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  11.  9
    Facilitation and interference effects as a function of the free associative strength of mediators.S. I. Shapiro - 1970 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 84 (1):69.
  12.  9
    Mediated clustering in free recall.S. I. Shapiro & David S. Palermo - 1967 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 75 (3):365.
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  13.  8
    Paired-associate response latencies as a function of free association strength.S. I. Shapiro - 1968 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 77 (2):223.
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  14.  12
    The Essence of Transpersonal Psychology Contemporary Views.S. I. Shapiro, Grace W. Lee & Philippe L. Gross - 2002 - International Journal of Transpersonal Studies 21 (1):19-32.
  15. An “I” for an I: Singular terms, uniqueness, and reference.Stewart Shapiro - 2012 - Review of Symbolic Logic 5 (3):380-415.
    There is an interesting logical/semantic issue with some mathematical languages and theories. In the language of (pure) complex analysis, the two square roots of i’ manage to pick out a unique object? This is perhaps the most prominent example of the phenomenon, but there are some others. The issue is related to matters concerning the use of definite descriptions and singular pronouns, such as donkey anaphora and the problem of indistinguishable participants. Taking a cue from some work in linguistics and (...)
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  16.  16
    Classics of Modern South Asian Literature.Michael C. Shapiro, Rupert Snell & I. M. P. Raeside - 2000 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 120 (2):294.
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  17.  11
    Monastery without Walls: Daily Life in the Silence.S. I. Shapiro & Bruce Davis - 1991 - Buddhist-Christian Studies 11:326.
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  18.  11
    The Dragon Who Never Sleeps: Verses for Zen Buddhist Practice.S. I. Shapiro & Robert Aitken - 1994 - Buddhist-Christian Studies 14:295.
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  19.  14
    The Life and Letters of Tofu Roshi.S. I. Shapiro, Susan Ichi Su Moon & Tofu Roshi - 1991 - Buddhist-Christian Studies 11:327.
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  20.  8
    The Universe Grasper.S. I. Shapiro - 2002 - International Journal of Transpersonal Studies 21 (1):118-124.
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  21.  12
    Buddhism and Healing: Demieville's Article "Byo" from "Hobogirin". [REVIEW]S. I. Shapiro - 1986 - Buddhist-Christian Studies 6:161.
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  22.  30
    I—Stewart Shapiro.Stewart Shapiro - 2005 - Supplement to the Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 79 (1):147-165.
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  23. Identity, indiscernibility, and Ante Rem structuralism: The tale of I and –I.Stewart Shapiro - 2008 - Philosophia Mathematica 16 (3):285-309.
    Some authors have claimed that ante rem structuralism has problems with structures that have indiscernible places. In response, I argue that there is no requirement that mathematical objects be individuated in a non-trivial way. Metaphysical principles and intuitions to the contrary do not stand up to ordinary mathematical practice, which presupposes an identity relation that, in a sense, cannot be defined. In complex analysis, the two square roots of –1 are indiscernible: anything true of one of them is true of (...)
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  24. Thinking about mathematics: the philosophy of mathematics.Stewart Shapiro - 2000 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    This unique book by Stewart Shapiro looks at a range of philosophical issues and positions concerning mathematics in four comprehensive sections. Part I describes questions and issues about mathematics that have motivated philosophers since the beginning of intellectual history. Part II is an historical survey, discussing the role of mathematics in the thought of such philosophers as Plato, Aristotle, Kant, and Mill. Part III covers the three major positions held throughout the twentieth century: the idea that mathematics is logic (...)
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  25. What is logical deflationism? Two non-metalinguistic conceptions of logic.Lionel Shapiro - 2022 - Synthese 200 (1):1-28.
    This paper compares two ways of holding that logic is special among the sciences in that it has no restricted class of entities as its subject matter, but instead concerns all entities alike. One way is Williamson’s explanation of how inquiry into logical consequence and logical truth only superficially concerns the linguistic or conceptual entities that bear these properties. Williamson draws on ideas familiar from deflationism about truth, and his account has been called “deflationary.” I argue that the analogy is (...)
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  26.  66
    Truth’s dialectical role: from friction to tension.Lionel Shapiro - 2024 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 67 (6):1860-1880.
    This paper contrasts two versions of a pragmatist critique of deflationism about truth. According to the critique, understanding the practice of factual discourse requires understanding a role played in that practice by speakers’ use of the concept of truth. Huw Price takes this role to lie in the expression of attitudes of approval and disapproval toward other speakers’ assertions. Proceeding from Robert Brandom’s analysis of assertion, I defend an alternative account of truth’s role in terms of the acknowledgement and disacknowledgement (...)
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  27.  41
    The State of Democratic Theory: a reply to James Fishkin.Ian Shapiro - 2005 - Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 8 (1):79-83.
    I respond to Fishkin?s critique of my book The State of Democratic Theory. I reiterate my defense of a competitive model of democracy geared to reducing domination, rather than Fishkin?s deliberative model that deploys structured discussion to enlighten mass preferences. In light of the literatures on framing effects and the value of mutually independent judgments, I question whether the procedures Fishkin recommends would produce outcomes that are better informed rather than differently informed. Recognizing that deliberation might sometimes be helpful in (...)
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  28.  11
    Paths beyond Ego: The Transpersonal Vision. [REVIEW]S. I. Shapiro & David M. Sherrill - 1995 - Buddhist-Christian Studies 15:292.
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  29.  76
    Global expressivism as global subjectivism.Lionel Shapiro - 2021 - Philosophical Studies 179 (3):777-799.
    Huw Price holds that a recognizable version of expressivism about normative and modal language can be “globalized” so as to apply to all areas of discourse. He focuses on globalizing the anti-representationalism of expressivist theories. By contrast, this paper’s topic is the seldom-discussed way Price seeks to globalize the expressivist view that “non-descriptive” discourse exhibits subjectivity. I argue that Price’s own argument against the possibility of a purely objective domain conflicts with his anti-representationalism and is self-undermining. I then defend a (...)
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  30. All sets great and small: And I do mean ALL.Stewart Shapiro - 2003 - Philosophical Perspectives 17 (1):467–490.
    A number of authors have recently weighed in on the issue of whether it is coherent to have bound variables that range over absolutely everything. Prima facie, it is difficult, and perhaps impossible, to coherently state the “relativist” position without violating it. For example, the relativist might say, or try to say, that for any quantifier used in a proposition of English, there is something outside of its range. What is the range of this quantifier? Or suppose we ask the (...)
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  31.  19
    Contemporary Psychoanalysis and Eastern Thought. [REVIEW]Philippe L. Gross & S. I. Shapiro - 1994 - Buddhist-Christian Studies 14:268.
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  32.  11
    Brush Mind. [REVIEW]S. I. Shapiro & David M. Sherrill - 1991 - Buddhist-Christian Studies 11:329.
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  33.  34
    Inconsistency and Incompleteness, Revisited.Stewart Shapiro - 2019 - In Can Başkent & Thomas Macaulay Ferguson (eds.), Graham Priest on Dialetheism and Paraconsistency. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag. pp. 469-479.
    Graham Priest introduces an informal but presumably rigorous and sharp ‘provability predicate’. He argues that this predicate yields inconsistencies, along the lines of the paradox of the Knower. One long-standing claim of Priest’s is that a dialetheist can have a complete, decidable, and yet sufficiently rich mathematical theory. After all, the incompleteness theorem is, in effect, that for any recursive theory A, if A is consistent, then A is incomplete. If the antecedent fails, as it might for a dialetheist, then (...)
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  34. Functional diversity: An epistemic roadmap.Christophe Malaterre, Antoine C. Dussault, Sophia Rousseau-Mermans, Gillian Barker, Beatrix E. Beisner, Frédéric Bouchard, Eric Desjardins, Tanya I. Handa, Steven W. Kembel, Geneviève Lajoie, Virginie Maris, Alison D. Munson, Jay Odenbaugh, Timothée Poisot, B. Jesse Shapiro & Curtis A. Suttle - 2019 - BioScience 10 (69):800-811.
    Functional diversity holds the promise of understanding ecosystems in ways unattainable by taxonomic diversity studies. Underlying this promise is the intuition that investigating the diversity of what organisms actually do—i.e. their functional traits—within ecosystems will generate more reliable insights into the ways these ecosystems behave, compared to considering only species diversity. But this promise also rests on several conceptual and methodological—i.e. epistemic—assumptions that cut across various theories and domains of ecology. These assumptions should be clearly addressed, notably for the sake (...)
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  35.  42
    Posthypnotic suggestion and the modulation of Stroop interference under cycloplegia.Amir Raz, Kim S. Landzberg, Heather R. Schweizer, Zohar R. Zephrani, Theodore Shapiro, Jin Fan & Michael I. Posner - 2003 - Consciousness and Cognition 12 (3):332-346.
    Recent data indicate that under a specific posthypnotic suggestion to circumvent reading, highly suggestible subjects successfully eliminated the Stroop interference effect. The present study examined whether an optical explanation could account for this finding. Using cyclopentolate hydrochloride eye drops to pharmacologically prevent visual accommodation in all subjects, behavioral Stroop data were collected from six highly hypnotizables and six less suggestibles using an optical setup that guaranteed either sharply focused or blurred vision. The highly suggestibles performed the Stroop task when naturally (...)
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  36. Mechanism or Bust? Explanation in Psychology.Lawrence A. Shapiro - 2017 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 68 (4):1037-1059.
    ABSTRACT Proponents of mechanistic explanation have recently suggested that all explanation in the cognitive sciences is mechanistic, even functional explanation. This last claim is surprising, for functional explanation has traditionally been conceived as autonomous from the structural details that mechanistic explanations emphasize. I argue that functional explanation remains autonomous from mechanistic explanation, but not for reasons commonly associated with the phenomenon of multiple realizability. 1Introduction 2Mechanistic Explanation: A Quick Primer 3Functional Explanation: An Example 4Autonomy as Lack of Constraint 5The Price (...)
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  37.  69
    Categories, Structures, and the Frege-Hilbert Controversy: The Status of Meta-mathematics.Stewart Shapiro - 2005 - Philosophia Mathematica 13 (1):61-77.
    There is a parallel between the debate between Gottlob Frege and David Hilbert at the turn of the twentieth century and at least some aspects of the current controversy over whether category theory provides the proper framework for structuralism in the philosophy of mathematics. The main issue, I think, concerns the place and interpretation of meta-mathematics in an algebraic or structuralist approach to mathematics. Can meta-mathematics itself be understood in algebraic or structural terms? Or is it an exception to the (...)
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  38. Dynamics and Cognition.Lawrence A. Shapiro - 2013 - Minds and Machines 23 (3):353-375.
    Many who advocate dynamical systems approaches to cognitive science believe themselves committed to the thesis of extended cognition and to the rejection of representation. I argue that this belief is false. In part, this misapprehension rests on a warrantless re-conception of cognition as intelligent behavior. In part also, it rests on thinking that conceptual issues can be resolved empirically. Once these issues are sorted out, the way is cleared for a dynamical systems approach to cognition that is free to retain (...)
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  39.  82
    We hold these truths to be self-evident: But what do we mean by that?: We hold these truths to be self-evident.Stewart Shapiro - 2009 - Review of Symbolic Logic 2 (1):175-207.
    At the beginning of Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik [1884], Frege observes that “it is in the nature of mathematics to prefer proof, where proof is possible”. This, of course, is true, but thinkers differ on why it is that mathematicians prefer proof. And what of propositions for which no proof is possible? What of axioms? This talk explores various notions of self-evidence, and the role they play in various foundational systems, notably those of Frege and Zermelo. I argue that both (...)
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  40. Validity and Truth-Preservation.Lionel Shapiro & Julien Murzi - 2015 - In D. Achourioti, H. Galinon & J. Martinez (eds.), Unifying the Philosophy of Truth. Springer. pp. 431-459.
    The revisionary approach to semantic paradox is commonly thought to have a somewhat uncomfortable corollary, viz. that, on pain of triviality, we cannot affirm that all valid arguments preserve truth (Beall2007, Beall2009, Field2008, Field2009). We show that the standard arguments for this conclusion all break down once (i) the structural rule of contraction is restricted and (ii) how the premises can be aggregated---so that they can be said to jointly entail a given conclusion---is appropriately understood. In addition, we briefly rehearse (...)
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  41. How to test for multiple realization.Lawrence A. Shapiro - 2008 - Philosophy of Science 75 (5):514-525.
    When conceived as an empirical claim, it is natural to wonder how one might test the hypothesis of multiple realization. I consider general issues of testability, show how they apply specifically to the hypothesis of multiple realization, and propose an auxiliary assumption that, I argue, must be conjoined to the hypothesis of multiple realization to ensure its testability. I argue further that Bechtel and Mundale go astray because they fail to appreciate the need for this auxiliary assumption. †To contact the (...)
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  42. Stewart Shapiro. Context, conversation, and so-called 'higher-order vagueness'.Stewart Shapiro & Patrick Greenough - 2005 - Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume 79 (1):147–165.
    After a brief account of the problem of higher-order vagueness, and its seeming intractability, I explore what comes of the issue on a linguistic, contextualist account of vagueness. On the view in question, predicates like ‘borderline red’ and ‘determinately red’ are, or at least can be, vague, but they are different in kind from ‘red’. In particular, ‘borderline red’ and ‘determinately red’ are not colours. These predicates have linguistic components, and invoke notions like ‘competent user of the language’. On my (...)
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  43. LP, K3, and FDE as Substructural Logics.Lionel Shapiro - 2017 - In Arazim Pavel & Lávička Tomáš (eds.), The Logica Yearbook 2016. College Publications.
    Building on recent work, I present sequent systems for the non-classical logics LP, K3, and FDE with two main virtues. First, derivations closely resemble those in standard Gentzen-style systems. Second, the systems can be obtained by reformulating a classical system using nonstandard sequent structure and simply removing certain structural rules (relatives of exchange and contraction). I clarify two senses in which these logics count as “substructural.”.
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  44.  6
    Speaking for the dying: life-and-death decisions in intensive care.Susan P. Shapiro - 2019 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    Holding life and death in their hands -- Is this for me? -- The intensive care unit. Personnel ; Rhythms ; Economics -- Actors. Patients ; Friends, family, and significant others ; Health care professionals -- Decisions. Informed consent ; Venues ; Affect ; Conflict -- Prognosis. Evidence ; Timing ; Mixed messages ; Negotiation ; Accuracy ; Prognostic framing -- Decision-making scripts. The legal script ; Cognitive scripts ; Conflicts of interest ; Law at the bedside -- Improvisation: decisions (...)
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  45. Price's Subject Naturalism and Liberal Naturalism.Lionel Shapiro - 2022 - In Mario De Caro & David Macarthur (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Liberal Naturalism. New York, NY: Routledge.
    This chapter first seeks to identify Huw Price's reasons for holding that "object naturalism" can be undermined by "subject-naturalistic" inquiry. It then addresses five questions about how his project bears on the prospects for a liberal naturalism. (1) Does Price’s strategy depend on his requirement that the relevant inquiry into human discourse and thought be conducted in natural-scientific terms? (2) Is Price’s strategy even compatible with that requirement? (3) Does the worldview Price arrives at amount to a liberal naturalism, i.e. (...)
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  46.  50
    Darwin and disjunction: Foraging theory and univocal assignments of content.Lawrence A. Shapiro - 1992 - Philosophy of Science Association 1992:469-480.
    Fodor (1990) argues that the theory of evolution by natural selection will not help to save naturalistic accounts of representation from the disjunction problem. This is because, he claims, the context 'was selected for representing things as F' is transparent to the substitution of predicates coextensive with F. But, I respond, from an evolutionary perspective representational contexts cannot be transparent: only under particular descriptions will a representational state appear as a "solution" to a selection "problem" and so be adaptive. Only (...)
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  47. A clearer vision.Lawrence A. Shapiro - 1997 - Philosophy of Science 64 (1):131-53.
    Frances Egan argues that the states of computational theories of vision are individuated individualistically and, as far as the theory is concerned, are not intentional. Her argument depends on equating the goals and explanatory strategies of computational psychology with those of its algorithmic level. However, closer inspection of computational psychology reveals that the computational level plays an essential role in explaining visual processes and that explanations at this level are nonindividualistic and intentional. In conclusion, I sketch an account of content (...)
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  48.  41
    Essentialism in the Categories.Gabriel Shapiro - 2023 - Phronesis 68 (3):326-369.
    According to the Categories, predicates can be ‘said of’ their subjects or they can be ‘present in’ their subjects. The said-of relation has received relatively little scholarly attention, and scholars disagree on the answers to four foundational questions about the relation. (i) What is it? (ii) Is it an essential relation? (iii) How is it related to predication? (iv) Is it primitive? I argue that A is said-of B just in case A is a formal part of B. On this (...)
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  49. Incompleteness and inconsistency.Stewart Shapiro - 2002 - Mind 111 (444):817-832.
    Graham Priest's In Contradiction (Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1987, chapter 3) contains an argument concerning the intuitive, or ‘naïve’ notion of (arithmetic) proof, or provability. He argues that the intuitively provable arithmetic sentences constitute a recursively enumerable set, which has a Gödel sentence which is itself intuitively provable. The incompleteness theorem does not apply, since the set of provable arithmetic sentences is not consistent. The purpose of this article is to sharpen Priest's argument, avoiding reference to informal notions, consensus, or (...)
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  50. The Peirce Seminar Papers: An Annual of Semiotic Analysis, Vol. I.Michael Shapiro - 1994 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 30 (3):703-709.
     
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