MULTIPARENTALIDADE NOS CASOS DE RECONHECIMENTO DE FILHO JÁ REGISTRADO: UMA SOLUÇÃO À LUZ DACONSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃODO DIREITO CIVIL.

AS BODAS DE PRATA DA CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE 1988.

The main goals of this study were, to test the motivational determinants of athletes perceived effort in football considering the four-stage motivational sequence at the contextual level proposed by Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation: task-involving, basic psychological needs, self-determined motivation and perceived effort. The multi-group analysis across different age-groups (U15, U17, U19, U21 years) and mediation role of basic psychological needs and self-determined motivation on the task-involving climate and the perceived effort were also analysed. Two independent samples of (...) male football athletes (N= 403, N= 403), aged 13-20 were enrolled in this study. The results demonstrated that structural model provided a good fit to data for all samples under analysis, and was invariant across U17, U19, and U21. However, it was not invariant across U15 and U17, U19 and U21. Additionally, in the results from the mediation analysis, there were significant indirect effects in all samples, supporting theoretical by self-determination theory assumptions, reinforcing the importance of basic psychological needs satisfaction and behavioral regulation in the relation in analysis. The results allow concluding that when coaches promote a task-involving climate, the basic psychological needs satisfaction of athletes improves. This climate will facilitate the regulation of their behaviors towards more autonomous forms of motivation, with positive results in the perceived effort of the athletes. (shrink)

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, and in Africa, given the lack of resources, they are likely to be even more acute. The usefulness of Traditional African Healers in helping to mitigate the effects of pandemic has been neglected. We argue from an ethical perspective that these healers can and should have an important role in informing and guiding local communities in Africa on how to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Particularly, we argue not only (...) that much of the philosophy underlying Traditional African Medicine is adequate and compatible with preventive measures for COVID-19, but also that Traditional African Healers have some unique cultural capital for influencing and enforcing such preventive measures. The paper therefore suggests that not only given the cultural context of Africa where Traditional African Healers have a special role, but also because of the normative strength of the Afro-communitarian philosophy that informs it, there are good ethical reasons to endorse policies that involve Traditional Healers in the fight against COVID-19. We also maintain that concerns about Traditional African Healers objectionably violating patient confidentiality or being paternalistic are much weaker in the face of COVID-19. (shrink)

This book provides an overview of the institutional and intellectual development of sociology in Brazil from the early 1900s to the present day; through military coups, dictatorships and democracies. It charts the profound impact of sociology on Brazilian public life and how, in turn, upheavals in the history of the country and its universities affected its scientific agenda. This engaging account highlights the extent of the discipline’s colonial inheritance, its early institutionalization in São Paulo, and its congruent rise and fall (...) during repeated regime changes. The authors’ analysis draws on original research that maps the concentration of research interests, new developments, publications and centers of production in Brazilian sociology, using qualitative and quantitative data. It concludes with a reflection on the potential impact of the recent far-right turn in Brazilian politics on the future of the discipline. This book contributes a valuable country study to the history of sociology and will appeal to a range of social scientists in addition to scholars of disciplinary historiography, intellectual and Brazilian history. (shrink)

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Given the need to explore the factors that can account for a better understanding of the intention-behavior gap in exercise practice in health club settings, and considering the emergence of hedonic assumptions related to exercise adherence, this cross-sectional study aimed to test the moderation effect of the intensity traits agreement/disagreement in three relevant outcomes of exercise enjoyment: exercise habit, intention to continue exercising, and exercise frequency. A sample consisted of 273 exercisers (male = 127; Mage = 36.21; SD = 11.29) (...) enrolled in nine health clubs who voluntarily fulfilled a battery of questionnaires. All analyses were performed using SPSS v. 23.0/PROCESS v. 3.5. The results of the study presented a moderation effect of exercise intensity traits agreement on three relevant enjoyment outcomes: exercise habit, intention to continue exercising, and exercise frequency. No relevant results emerged from intensity traits disagreement. The results suggest that assessing and tailoring exercise prescription and supervision in order to customize exercise intensity may influence future exercise participation. (shrink)

This essay considers insects’ place-making powers in history of science topics. Insects have co-shaped the geographies of knowledge production throughout history in three primary dimensions: through their size, density, and multiplane existence. Insects’ miniature worlds have helped humans to create trans-scale analogies. Their spatial transgression and swarming capacity have overwhelmed people, including field researchers, contributing to the making of the places where science is produced. Finally, insects’ “ontologically alien” ways of engaging with environments (e.g., flying and living underground) have offered (...) valuable material for humans’ imaginings of their own realities. By prioritizing insects’ own spatial characteristics, this tripartite typology of human/insect entanglements intends to spur new ways of writing histories of science that engage with space and place. (shrink)

Notwithstanding its critical and refutative method and scope, which are so different from his subsequent phenomenological work, Husserl’s Prolegomena to Pure Logic lays the foundations for that later work. His refutation of relativism is based upon the existence of a general form for scientific “foundations”, the availability of non-linguistic evidence of pure significations and the possibility of the subject reflecting upon its own acts, which also pave the way for Phenomenology. This paper also points out that, although the later relativist (...) philosophy often rested on exactly the opposite theses of the Prolegomena, the arguments of this work were not seriously discussed or refuted. (shrink)

Resenha do livro: PEIXOTO, M.; MARQUES, M.; PUENTE, F. Visível e inteligível: Estudos sobre a percepção e o pensamento na filosofia grega antiga. Belo Horizonte: Ed. UFMG, 2012, (p. 151).

Con base en la hipótesis de que las leyes son fuentes de legitimación de las relaciones de dominación existentes en las sociedades capitalistas, aunque contradictorias, y que en este contexto, el abogado como especialista en el manejo de la ley, tiene una mayor importancia, en este artículo analizo los discurso políticos y legales de los abogados que han actuado y/o actuan en la asesoría jurídica de la entidad oficial que representa a empleadores rurales en el Brasil, denominada “Confederação de Agricultura (...) e Pecuária do Brasil” (CNA). En particular, examinaré la retórica y los argumentos de sus principales demandas (laborales y fundiárias) en la coyuntura de la globalización neoliberal, que tuvo inicios a media-dos de 1980. (shrink)

Resenha do livro: PEIXOTO, M.; MARQUES, M.; PUENTE, F. Visível e inteligível : Estudos sobre a percepção e o pensamento na filosofia grega antiga. Belo Horizonte: Ed. UFMG, 2012, (p. 151).

Este texto aborda o paradoxo entre a indústria cultural e a formação humana, com base na teoria crítica. O texto utiliza uma metodologia bibliográfica, discutindo temas como educação, formação, semiformação, indústria cultural, capitalismo e emancipação. O objetivo é debater como a indústria cultural interfere na formação dos indivíduos. A contribuição dos processos educativos para o desenvolvimento da civilização é destacada, enfatizando a importância da criticidade e autorreflexão para evitar a barbárie. Os fundamentos da teoria crítica ressaltam a necessidade de um (...) pensamento filosófico que oriente o sujeito para o esclarecimento. A educação para a emancipação é considerada a mais eficaz para a formação humana em uma sociedade explorada pelo capital. O estudo reconhece que novas questões surgirão, indo além dos limites desta pesquisa. (shrink)

Em um artigo intitulado “Whether certainty is a form of life”, Elizabeth Wolgast ataca por duas vias diversas a concepção witgensteiniana de proposição gramatical desenvolvida no Da Certeza. Ela acusa Wittgenstein de contradizer certas teses centrais das Investigações Filosóficas, ao estabelecer como significativas proposições sem uso em nossos jogos de linguagem correntes, e denuncia a precariedade da tese, supostamente presente no Da Certeza, de que proposições gramaticais descrevem nosso sistema de crenças. Procuro refutar ambas as objeções por meio de uma (...) apresentação de evidências de que proposições gramaticais podem ter uso efetivo em jogos de linguagem correntes, e da demonstração de que uma mesma proposição pode, a um só tempo, descrever o uso das palavras em uma língua e servir como exemplo (modelo) de uso. Busco apoio no artigo de Debrah Aidun, “Wittgenstein on gramatical propositions”, para efetuar essa investigação sobre o estatuto das proposições gramaticais e faço complementações a seus argumentos de modo a aproximar o último Wittgenstein das pesquisas sobre os atos de fala conforme desenvolvidas por Austin e Searle. (shrink)

In this paper, we intend to demonstrate that the asylum request process can have its semantic and politic structures evidenced from an access via philosophy of language. In order to elucidate the normative nature of this social practice and to take a critical stance in relation to the treatment given to the refuge interview as it has been done in our country, we resort to certain concepts developed by the so called later Wittgenstein. Looking for a more complete treatment of (...) our object of study, we also turn to the authors of Bakhtin’s Circle, which explore communicational dimensions that the Viennese philosopher did not properly explore – with special emphasis on “value accents”. In order to collect empirical evidence relevant to our purposes, a field research was carried out with professionals and volunteers involved in the asylum request interviews. The resulting reports provided us with more basis for the considerations we make about the normative fragility of the interview language game and the intricate value system that guides the interaction between interviewer, interpreter and interviewee. (shrink)

No presente trabalho, procuro mostrar que um esclarecimento prévio acerca do papel da metáfora nas barganhas de significado é elemento imprescindível para a constituição de uma Filosofia da Retórica. Para tanto, recorro ao tratamento precursor conferido por I.A. Richards ao tema da metáfora na obra intitulada The Philosophy of Rhetoric e proponho complementações ao mesmo a partir de uma concepção de aprendizado da linguagem de orientação wittgensteiniana.

We start by problematizing the way in which philosophical practice is generally conceived in our academic environment. In this article, we address an understanding of Philosophy as a process of serious and sincere investigation of existential questions and creation of theory. With this, we intend to question some of the most common diagnoses and solutions for the underdevelopment of philosophical practice in Brazil, as well as provide our contribution to the propagation of a philosophical practice that risks the leap from (...) commentary to creation. (shrink)

In this article, we will make the case for an intercultural philosophy of religion with a special focus on interculturality between Chinese and African philosophies. We will provide an overview of the kind of intercultural philosophy that has already been undertaken between the East and the South and point out that a philosophy of religion has been left out. We will then make the case for a global philosophy of religion approach and why Chinese and African philosophies of religion should (...) engage in philosophical interchanges. We will then highlight some directions for carrying out such a philosophy and explain why the problem of evil may be better addressed from an intercultural perspective. (shrink)

Nesta comunicação exploro aquele que deve ser o objecto e o âmbito de uma teoria de justiça. Da resposta a estas duas questões depende a possibilidade de definir princípios de justiça que concebam uma sociedade justa. Assim, tenho em consideração as propostas sobre o objecto e o âmbito da justiça presentes nas teorias de Nozick (libertária), de Rawls (igualitária) e de Walzer (comunitária) e avalio topicamente cada uma das posições. Concluo tentando responder à questão: qual deve ser o objecto e (...) o âmbito de uma teoria de justiça? (shrink)

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é investigar a justificativa para o contrato no início da história do pensamento político grego, tendo em vista o estatuto do acordo no livro II da "República" de Platão. Pretendese avaliar como Glaucon apresenta o contratualismo da maioria das pessoas como um desdobramento da tese de Trasímaco de que o justo é o vantajoso para o mais forte e em conexão com os valores que levam as pessoas a admitirem a necessidade do contrato em razão (...) do medo que elas possuem daquilo que poderia ser considerado o maior mal: sofrerem injustiças e não poderem se vingar, enquanto abdicam do que consideram como o maior bem: cometer injustiças sem serem punidas. ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to investigate the justification for the contract in the early history of the Greek political thought, focusing on the statute of the agreement in book II of Plato's "Republic". It is intended to evaluate how Glaucon presents the contractualism of the majority of people in connection with Thrasymachus's thesis that the fair is what's advantageous for the strongest and in connection with the values that lead people to admit the necessity of the contract because of fear that they have about what could be considered as the greatest evil: suffering injustice and being unable to take revenge while they abdicate what they see as the greatest good: doing injustice without being punished. (shrink)

In the third book of Republic, Plato analyzed the epic, the tragedy and the dithyramb styles of narration, explaining a little how is the lógos of what the poets say. Aristotle dealt with it when he talked about the poetic lexis, at times in the Poetic, stating that the dialogue is the meter discovered by the tragedy, and at other times in the Rhetoric, stating that the dialogue is the most dramatic way to write. Before this general aspect of exchanges (...) among the characters, the notion of imitation of the Socratic talks in Plato deserves new reflections, mainly aiming to understand what is being disputed in the quarrel between philosophy and poetry in the tenth book of Republic and, also, how much Plato radically goes apart from a simple drama. (shrink)

In this article, we reassess two of Mises’ core methodological claims. The first claim is that action is necessarily rational. The second claim is that all human minds share a logical structure. Neither claim can be unreservedly accepted but, we argue, both contain truth: Mises’ reflections remain important contributions to our understanding of action and the mind, hence to economics.

This paper focuses on the contributions to natural history, particularly in methods of plant classification of the Portuguese botanist, man of letters, diplomat, and Freemason Abbé José Correia da Serra (1751-1823), placing them in their national and international political and social contexts. Correia da Serra adopted the natural method of classification championed by the Frenchman Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu, and introduced refinements of his own that owe much to parallel developments in zoology. He endorsed the view that the classification of plants (...) should be based on the establishment of affinities rather than of differences. The emphasis on affinities went hand in hand with the development of the concept of symmetry. This idea was introduced by Correia da Serra in systematics and was adopted and further developed by his friend, Augustin-Pyramus de Candolle. Correia da Serra also argued that Cryptogamia reproduce sexually, advocated extension of methods of comparative anatomy from zoology to botany, and applied them to the study of fruits. Correia da Serra was one among many of the estrangeirados, Portuguese "Europeanized" intellectuals who traveled extensively abroad in most cases to escape political or religious persecution at home. The estrangeirados were important contributors to 18th and 19th century European thinking. Most of the estrangeirados were pivotal in the introduction, dissemination and propagation of the new sciences in Portugal, but unlike most of his fellow estrangeirados, Correia da Serra was also an innovative man of science in his own right. (shrink)

Philosophie des expérientes radicales, livro recém-publicado pelo filósofo pragmatista e professor da Universidade de Lyon III, Stéphane Madelrieux, propõe uma maneira original e inovadora de ler a filosofia francesa do século XX. Sem abordá-la por caminhos tradicionais, tais como a sucessão cronológica de gerações (1860, 1900, 1900, etc), conceitos típicos (espírito e vida; existência e transcendência; dialética e práxis; estrutura e descontinuidade; diferença e desconstrução, etc.), correntes hegemônicas (espiritualismo bergsoniano, filosofias da vida; existencialismos; hegelianismos, marxismos; estruturalismo, epistemologia histórica; pós-estruturalismo ou (...) pós-modernismo, etc.), Madelrieux elege seis autores franceses (Henri Bergson, Jean Wahl, Gilles Deleuze, Georges Bataille, Maurice Blanchot e Michel Foucault), todos do século XX, para, em seguida, analisá-los pelo prisma do "empirismo metafísico". O que interessa a Madelrieux é apontar a presença de um programa inédito, não trabalhado na literatura filosófica, que amarra experiência e metafísica, e que explica uma parte importante da filosofia do século XX, notadamente na França. (shrink)

La Société qui vient [The Society to Come], a book edited by Princeton professor and current holder of the Chair of Public Health at the Collège de France, Didier Fassin, cannot be accused of sinning by modesty. This is a collective work of more than 1300 pages, grouped in seven parts and comprising no fewer than 64 chapters. Each chapter is devoted to a fundamental question of our present time and is written by an author who is an expert in (...) her or his domain or field of research. Each of the first six parts deals with a set of broad themes of general interest: ‘challenges ( enjeux), policies, worlds, inequalities, recognition and exploitation’. A seventh, final, and non-thematic part is free of a prior theme and is composed of non-French authors. (shrink)

O presente artigo lida com a questão da compatibilidade entre duas exigências opostas da filosofia teorética de Kant: a crítica, por um lado, e a ideia de sistema, por outro. Enquanto a crítica assenta sobre uma divisão da razão em faculdades distintas, o sistema é um ideal de unidade sob um mesmo princípio. Uma apreciação do uso do termo "sistem" nas principais obras críticas de Kant mostra que o termo é equívoco, e que os seus diferentes sentidos só podem ser (...) sistematicamente unificados na medida em que a razão se puder definir como auto-determinação e auto-diferenciação em si mesma. Esta análise e conclusão são fundadas num estudo (1) do sistema como forma conceptual por excelência, (2) da questão do sistema em relação ao problema do fundamento, (3) do sistema como unidade de princípio, (4) do sistema como particularização do universal e por fim, (5) da possibilidade de uma determinação por reflexão como chave da sistematicidade. /// Subject of this paper is the relation between the opposite demands of critique and of the idea of system in Kant's theoretical philosophy. Critique rests on a division of reason in itself while system, on the other hand, is an ideal of unity under one principle. An analysis of the use of the term "system" in Kant's main critical works shows that the term is equivocal, and that its different meanings can only be systematically unified in so far as reason can be defined as self-determination and self-differentiation. This analysis and its conclusion are supported on a study of (1) system as conceptual form, (2) system and the problem of grounds, (3) system as unity of principles, (4) system as particularization of the universal, and (5) the possibility of a reflective determination as key to the idea of systematicity in Kant. (shrink)

Die Bedeutung des Fichteschen Denkens und seiner philosophischen Ergebnisse beruht zum großen Teil auf der von ihm in den verschiedenen Fassungen der Wissenschaftslehre angewandeten Methode. Die genaue Beschreibung und das exakte Verständnis dieser Methode und ihres modus operandi bleiben immer noch eines der schwierigsten Interpretationsprobleme der Wissenschaftslehre. In folgender Studie werde ich versuchen, einige wesentliche Punkte dieser Methode zu erörtern, und zwar anhand des ersten Teils der Darstellung der Wissenschaftslehre aus dem Jahre 1801/ 1802.

Portuguese: Thomas Nagel propõe uma conceção de objetividade que ele designada por “a perspetiva de lado nenhum”. Dependendo da área de conhecimento à qual será aplicada, esta perspetiva tem como requisito diferentes níveis de distanciamento de posições subjetivas. Todavia, de acordo com Jonathan Dancy e Alan Thomas, Nagel propõe dois modelos diferentes de objetificação, em vez de apenas um. Partindo das inter- pretações destes autores, mas acabando por divergir deles, proponho que estes dois modelos de objetificação são, na verdade, semelhantes. (...) O elemento fundamental para chegar a esta conclusão está no significado que “reflexão crítica” tem em cada um dos modelos. Neste artigo, argumento que “reflexão crítica” tem apenas um significado: distanciamento. Consequentemente, concluirei que a conceção de objetividade proposta por Nagel terá que ser entendida como excluindo perspetivas subjetivas. Mais especificamente, concluirei que esta conceção requer distanciamento absoluto de perspetivas subjetivas, independentemente da área de conhecimento em consideração. -/- /////// English: Thomas Nagel defends a conception of objectivity as the view from nowhere. This view, ideally, would require different degrees of detachment from subjective positions, depending on the area of knowledge to which it would be applied. However, in doing this, and according to Jonathan Dancy and Alan Thomas, Nagel formulates two different models of objectification. Starting from these authors’ interpretations, but essentially diverging from them, I argue that the two models of objectification are, in fact, similar. The key element to reach this conclusion is the meaning of “critical reflection” in each one of the models. Given my argument that “critical reflection” has only one meaning – detachment –, Nagel’s conception of objectivity cannot include subjective perspectives in it; in fact, it requires absolute detachment from those subjective perspectives, independently of the area of knowledge being considered. (shrink)

Sob a inspiração de Bataille, Foucault propõe, em 1963, uma ontologia crítica fundada na ideia de transgressão. Esta não é nem uma atitude, nem um comportamento, e não pertence por conseguinte nem ao domínio da ética, nem ao da moral. Pelo contrário: a transgressão é um acontecimento do ser que ocorre nos limites do ser, acontecimento no qual esses limites são simultaneamente violados, revelados e abolidos. Vinte anos mais tarde, depois de seu regresso à antiguidade clássica, Foucault propõe uma outra (...) ontologia crítica, que se apoia desta vez sobre a ética. Em ambos os casos, trata-se de pensar o ser e os limites. Porém, a transgressão despedaça o sujeito, ao passo que a ética o molda e o protege. (shrink)

Foucault’s main thesis in his Introduction to Kant’s Anthropology is that the meaning of Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View can only be entirely grasped in the light of certain notes concerning the human being, assembled in the Opus Postumum. He asserts that the discourses held on human beings in the Anthropology and the introduction to the Logic are temporary – though necessary – moments in the transition from the critical to the transcendental philosophy: the latter is the accomplishment (...) of Kantian philosophy, to which the former was only a Propädeutik. In this paper I call this a ‘teleological reading’ of the Anthropology, one which certainly has the merit of integrating this book in the evolution of Kant’s thought, but which can also be misleading, since it rarely considers the book Anthropology in itself. Hence, Foucault carries out what is more of a study of ‘Kant’s philosophy from an anthropological point of view’ rather than a study of the Anthropology. In the end, I also indicate the way in which this method enables us to distinguish his philosophical position both from Heidegger’s interpretation of Kant and from Sartre’s humanism. (shrink)

We argue that Anthropocentrism – the kind of speciesism that privilegies the human species – is morally unacceptable. We distinguish and criticize three varieties of Anthropocentrism: unqualified, qualified empirical and qualified non-empirical. Firstly, unqualified Anthropocentrism is dismissed because it is grounded on a moral principle which implies that discriminations like racism and sexism are justified. Secondly, qualified empirical Anthropocentrism falls victim to the marginal cases argument, an argument that shows that properties which allegedly attribute moral status to every human and (...) to no animal, ultimately, if they exclude every animal, they also exclude some humans. Lastly, qualified non-empirical Anthropocentrism is rejected due to implausible consequences about which individuals have moral status. After rejecting Anthropocentrism, we consider a generalization of the marginal cases argument against all forms of speciesism. We show that only a species entirely comprised of essentially moral individuals would be unaffected by this argument. However, the possibility of such a species has limited practical import. Contrarily, Anthropocentrism’s moral unacceptability requires profound changes in the way humans relate with animals. (shrink)

Decolonial approaches to technical design are part of a broader category of design methodologies, which actualize unfulfilled sociotechnical potentialities. In this paper, I present some decolonial theory concepts and discuss three decolonial approaches to illuminate philosophical debates that: 1) Can find in them clear traces of a third set of elements that shape every design/technology, along with the well-analyzed technical-scientific and ethical-political ones. In dialogue with Walter Vincenti and some others, I call these elements structured procedures, imagery lexicon, and aesthetical (...) values, which constitute the central aspects of Eugene Ferguson’s art of engineering; 2) Identify, starting from some Gilbert Simondon’s and Andrew Feenberg’s ideas, any invention as triply situated ; 3) Can be taught by these decolonial approaches about some of the mainstream philosophy of technology’s colonial limitations, becoming thus able to widen it. (shrink)

Andrew Feenberg is an essential author in the field of philosophy of technology. His ideas are particularly relevant in revealing the political dimension of technology, be it shaping society or being shaped by society. However, current Feenberg’s reflection fails to consider the internal domain of technical disciplines more rigorously. Indeed, he usually stops his analysis in the border between lifeworld (where the democratizing mobilizations occur and new/different requirements or values arise) and the technical disciplines. To identify and overcome this failure, (...) I articulate some elements from Boaventura de Sousa Santos and Yuk Hui. I also present the example of three decolonial (or empowering) technical interventions, which illustrate: how what Santos and Hui theorize is already being developed by some technical interventions in the Global South, and the impacts of such interventions on the technical teams (and, through that, also on the technical disciplines). (shrink)