Results for 'Kurt Mothes'

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  1.  5
    The educational value of science.Kurt Mothes - 1964 - Minerva 2 (3):370-378.
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  2. An Epistemic Non-Consequentialism.Kurt L. Sylvan - 2020 - The Philosophical Review 129 (1):1-51.
    Despite the recent backlash against epistemic consequentialism, an explicit systematic alternative has yet to emerge. This paper articulates and defends a novel alternative, Epistemic Kantianism, which rests on a requirement of respect for the truth. §1 tackles some preliminaries concerning the proper formulation of the epistemic consequentialism / non-consequentialism divide, explains where Epistemic Kantianism falls in the dialectical landscape, and shows how it can capture what seems attractive about epistemic consequentialism while yielding predictions that are harder for the latter to (...)
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  3.  66
    Principles of Topological Psychology.Kurt Lewin - 1936 - Philosophy of Science 3 (4):545-548.
  4. Veritism Unswamped.Kurt Sylvan - 2018 - Mind 127 (506):381-435.
    According to Veritism, true belief is the sole fundamental epistemic value. Epistemologists often take Veritism to entail that all other epistemic items can only have value by standing in certain instrumental relations—namely, by tending to produce a high ratio of true to false beliefs or by being products of sources with this tendency. Yet many value theorists outside epistemology deny that all derivative value is grounded in instrumental relations to fundamental value. Veritists, I believe, can and should follow suit. After (...)
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  5. Knowledge as a Non‐Normative Relation.Kurt Sylvan - 2018 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 97 (1):190-222.
    According to a view I’ll call Epistemic Normativism, knowledge is normative in the same sense in which paradigmatically normative properties like justification are normative. This paper argues against EN in two stages and defends a positive non-normativist alternative. After clarifying the target in §1, I consider in §2 some arguments for EN from the premise that knowledge entails justification. I first raise some worries about inferring constitution from entailment. I then rehearse the reasons why some epistemologists reject the Entailment Thesis (...)
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  6. Prime Time (for the Basing Relation).Kurt Sylvan & Errol Lord - 2019 - In Joseph Adam Carter & Patrick Bondy (eds.), Well Founded Belief: New Essays on the Epistemic Basing Relation. New York: Routledge.
    It is often assumed that believing that p for a normative reason consists in nothing more than (i) believing that p for a reason and (ii) that reason’s corresponding to a normative reason to believe that p, where (i) and (ii) are independent factors. This is the Composite View. In this paper, we argue against the Composite View on extensional and theoretical grounds. We advocate an alternative that we call the Prime View. On this view, believing for a normative reason (...)
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  7. Respect and the reality of apparent reasons.Kurt L. Sylvan - 2021 - Philosophical Studies 178 (10):3129-3156.
    Rationality requires us to respond to apparent normative reasons. Given the independence of appearance and reality, why think that apparent normative reasons necessarily provide real normative reasons? And if they do not, why think that mistakes of rationality are necessarily real mistakes? This paper gives a novel answer to these questions. I argue first that in the moral domain, there are objective duties of respect that we violate whenever we do what appears to violate our first-order duties. The existence of (...)
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  8. Epistemic Reasons I: Normativity.Kurt Sylvan - 2016 - Philosophy Compass 11 (7):364-376.
    This paper is an opinionated guide to the literature on normative epistemic reasons. After making some distinctions in §1, I begin in §2 by discussing the ontology of normative epistemic reasons, assessing arguments for and against the view that they are mental states, and concluding that they are not mental states. In §3, I examine the distinction between normative epistemic reasons there are and normative epistemic reasons we possess. I offer a novel account of this distinction and argue that we (...)
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  9. Reasons: Wrong, Right, Normative, Fundamental.Kurt Sylvan & Errol Lord - 2019 - Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 15 (1).
    Reasons fundamentalists maintain that we can analyze all derivative normative properties in terms of normative reasons. These theorists famously encounter the Wrong Kind of Reasons problem, since not all reasons for reactions seem relevant for reasons-based analyses. Some have argued that this problem is a general one for many theorists, and claim that this lightens the burden for reasons fundamentalists. We argue in this paper that the reverse is true: the generality of the problem makes life harder for reasons fundamentalists. (...)
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  10. Epistemic Reasons II: Basing.Kurt Sylvan - 2016 - Philosophy Compass 11 (7):377-389.
    The paper is an opinionated tour of the literature on the reasons for which we hold beliefs and other doxastic attitudes, which I call ‘operative epistemic reasons’. After drawing some distinctions in §1, I begin in §2 by discussing the ontology of operative epistemic reasons, assessing arguments for and against the view that they are mental states. I recommend a pluralist non-mentalist view that takes seriously the variety of operative epistemic reasons ascriptions and allows these reasons to be both propositions (...)
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  11.  30
    The moral point of view.Kurt Baier - 1958 - Ithaca,: Cornell University Press.
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  12. Reliabilism without Epistemic Consequentialism.Kurt L. Sylvan - 2018 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research (3):525-555.
    Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, EarlyView.
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  13. The illusion of discretion.Kurt Sylvan - 2016 - Synthese 193 (6):1635-1665.
    Having direct doxastic control would not be particularly desirable if exercising it required a failure of epistemic rationality. With that thought in mind, recent writers have invoked the view that epistemic rationality gives us options to defend the possibility of a significant form of direct doxastic control. Specifically, they suggest that when the evidence for p is sufficient but not conclusive, it would be epistemically rational either to believe p or to be agnostic on p, and they argue that we (...)
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  14. On the Normativity of Epistemic Rationality.Kurt Sylvan - 2014 - Dissertation, New Brunswick Rutgers
  15.  36
    The Birth of Hedonism: The Cyrenaic Philosophers and Pleasure as a Way of Life.Kurt Lampe - 2014 - Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    According to Xenophon, Socrates tried to persuade his associate Aristippus to moderate his excessive indulgence in wine, women, and food, arguing that only hard work can bring happiness. Aristippus wasn’t convinced. Instead, he and his followers espoused the most radical form of hedonism in ancient Western philosophy. Before the rise of the better known but comparatively ascetic Epicureans, the Cyrenaics pursued a way of life in which moments of pleasure, particularly bodily pleasure, held the highest value. In The Birth of (...)
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  16.  16
    Psychedelics as Standard of Care? Many Questions Remain.Kurt Rasmussen & David E. Olson - 2022 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 31 (4):477-481.
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  17. On Suspending Properly.Kurt Sylvan & Errol Lord - 2022 - In Paul Silva & Luis R. G. Oliveira (eds.), Propositional and Doxastic Justification: New Essays on their Nature and Significance. New York: Routledge.
    We argue for a novel view of suspending judgment properly--i.e., suspending judgment in an ex post justified way. In so doing we argue for a Kantian virtue-theoretic view of epistemic normativity and against teleological virtue-theoretic accounts.
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  18. Truth monism without teleology.Kurt Sylvan - 2012 - Thought: A Journal of Philosophy 1 (3):161-163.
    Some say the swamping problem confronts all who believe that true belief is the sole fundamental epistemic value. This, I say, is mistaken. The problem only confronts T-Monists if they grant two teleological claims: that all derived epistemic value is instrumental, and that it is the state of believing truly rather than the standard of truth in belief that is fundamentally epistemically valuable. T-Monists should reject and, and appeal to a non-teleological form of value derivation I call Fitting Response Derivation (...)
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  19.  86
    Beginning in Wonder: Suspensive Attitudes and Epistemic Dilemmas.Kurt Sylvan & Errol Lord - 2021 - In Nick Hughes (ed.), Epistemic Dilemmas. Oxford University Press.
    We argue that we can avoid epistemic dilemmas by properly understanding the nature and epistemology of the suspension of judgment, with a particular focus on conflicts between higher-order evidence and first-order evidence.
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  20. Responsibilism out of character.Kurt Sylvan - 2017 - In Mark Alfano & Abrol Fairweather (eds.), Epistemic Situationism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Recent writers claim that responsibilist virtue epistemology courts skepticism, owing to the fact that most of us lack the virtues it deems necessary for justified belief and knowledge. A powerful version of this objection is the challenge from situationist social psychology pressed by Alfano (2012, 2013) and Olin and Doris (2014). This paper develops a new version of responsibilism that is immune from this objection, and shows that this view has many advantages over other forms of virtue epistemology. My responsibilism (...)
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  21.  66
    Can performance epistemology explain higher epistemic value?Kurt L. Sylvan - 2017 - Synthese 197 (12):5335-5356.
    Judgment and Agency contains Sosa’s latest effort to explain how higher epistemic value of the sort missing from an unwitting clairvoyant’s beliefs might be a special case of performance normativity, with its superior value following from truisms about performance value. This paper argues that the new effort rests on mistaken assumptions about performance normativity. Once these mistaken assumptions are exposed, it becomes clear that higher epistemic value cannot be a mere special case of performance normativity, and its superiority cannot be (...)
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  22. Die Wahrheit des Mythos.Kurt Hübner - 1987 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 49 (3):549-549.
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  23. The Eclipse of Instrumental Rationality.Kurt Sylvan - 2020 - In Ruth Chang & Kurt Sylvan (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Practical Reason. New York, NY: Routledge.
  24. On Divorcing the Rational and the Justified in Epistemology.Kurt Sylvan - manuscript
    Many epistemologists treat rationality and justification as the same thing. Those who don’t lack detailed accounts of the difference, leading their opponents to suspect that the distinction is an ad hoc attempt to safeguard their theories of justification. In this paper, I offer a new and detailed account of the distinction. The account is inspired by no particular views in epistemology, but rather by insights from the literature on reasons and rationality outside of epistemology. Specifically, it turns on a version (...)
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  25.  22
    Mental perspectives during temporal experience in posttraumatic stress disorder.Kurt Stocker - 2020 - Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 19 (2):321-334.
  26.  45
    Eye Movements Reveal Mental Looking Through Time.Kurt Stocker, Matthias Hartmann, Corinna S. Martarelli & Fred W. Mast - 2016 - Cognitive Science 40 (7):1648-1670.
    People often make use of a spatial “mental time line” to represent events in time. We investigated whether the eyes follow such a mental time line during online language comprehension of sentences that refer to the past, present, and future. Participants' eye movements were measured on a blank screen while they listened to these sentences. Saccade direction revealed that the future is mapped higher up in space than the past. Moreover, fewer saccades were made when two events are simultaneously taking (...)
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  27.  9
    Deweyan Democratic Agency and School Math: Beyond Constructivism and Critique.Kurt Stemhagen - 2016 - Educational Theory 66 (1-2):95-109.
    In this article, Kurt Stemhagen reconstructs mathematics education in light of Dewey's democratic theory and his ideas about mathematics and mathematics education. The resulting democratic philosophy and pedagogy of mathematics education emphasizes agency and the connections between mathematics and students' social experiences. Stemhagen considers questions about the disconnect between constructivist reformers and critical mathematics educators, and he positions Dewey's ideas as a way to draw on the best of both to create an active and more democratic school math experience.
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  28. On the Autonomy of (Some) Knowledge.Kurt Sylvan - forthcoming - Analysis.
  29.  13
    II. Democracy, Oligarchy, and the Concept of the “Free Citizen” in Late Fifth-Century Athens.Kurt A. Raaflaub - 1983 - Political Theory 11 (4):517-544.
  30. Threats of Futility. Is Life Worth Living.Kurt Baier - 1988 - Free Inquiry 8 (3):47-52.
  31.  84
    Democracy, oligarchy, and the concept of the "free citizen" in late fifth-century athens.Kurt A. Raaflaub - 1983 - Political Theory 11 (4):517-544.
  32. The Possibility of Internalist Epistemology.Kurt Sylvan - 2024 - In Blake Roeber, Ernest Sosa, Matthias Steup & John Turri (eds.), Contemporary Debates in Epistemology, 3rd edition. Wiley-Blackwell.
    Internalism holds that epistemic justification is determined by what is internal to the mind, not by facts about the mind-independent world. This paper introduces and defends a new kind of internalism that is rooted in rationalist ideas that have been neglected in recent epistemology, despite inspiring internalist projects in cognitive science. Ignoring rationalist insights has, I argue, damaged the prospects for internalism, by needlessly saddling internalists with empiricist burdens. Internalists can refuse these burdens by accepting a better philosophy of mind. (...)
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  33. Rationality and morality.Kurt Baier - 1977 - Erkenntnis 11 (1):197 - 223.
  34. Divisibility and Cartesian Extension.Kurt Smith & Alan Nelson - 2010 - In Daniel Garber & Steven Nadler (eds.), Oxford Studies in Early Modern Philosophy Volume V. Oxford University Press.
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  35. Skorupski on spontaneity, apriority and normative truth.Kurt Sylvan - 2016 - Philosophical Quarterly 66 (264):617-628.
    This paper raises a dilemma for Skorupski’s meta-normative outlook in The Domain of Reasons and explores some escape routes, recommending a more thoroughgoing Kantianism as the best option. §1 argues that we cannot plausibly combine Skorupski’s spontaneity-based epistemology of normativity with his cognition-independent view of normative truth. §§2–4 consider whether we should keep the epistemology and revise the metaphysics, opting for constructivism. While Skorupski’s negative case for his spontaneity-based epistemology is found wanting, it is suggested that a better argument for (...)
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  36. Evidence and Virtue (and Beyond).Kurt Sylvan - forthcoming - In Maria Lasonen-Aarnio & Clayton Littlejohn (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Evidence. Routledge.
  37.  5
    Aufklärung im Mittelalter?: Die Verurteilung von 1277 : das Dokument des Bischofs von Paris.Kurt Flasch & Etienne Tempier - 1989
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  38.  10
    Opinions as Appearances.Kurt Pritzl - 1994 - Ancient Philosophy 14 (1):41-50.
  39.  20
    Truth: Studies of a Robust Presence.Kurt Pritzl (ed.) - 2009 - Catholic University of America Press.
    *Fresh interpretations of the greatest philosophers on the nature of truth and speculative essays on truth in law, the arts, and science*.
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  40. Von Dietrich zu Albert.Kurt Flasch - 1985 - Freiburger Zeitschrift für Philosophie Und Theologie 32:7-26.
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  41. Absolute Stellungnahmen.Kurt Stavenhagen - 1925 - Annalen der Philosophie Und Philosophischen Kritik 5 (3):113-114.
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  42.  40
    Ways of Truth and Ways of Opinion in Aristotle.Kurt Pritzl - 1993 - Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 67:241-252.
  43.  6
    Philosophie, Psychoanalyse, Emigration.Kurt Rudolf Fischer, Peter Muhr, Paul K. Feyerabend & Cornelia Wegeler - 1992
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  44. Nikolaus von Kues und Pico della Mirandola.Kurt Flasch - 1980 - Mitteilungen Und Forschungsbeiträge der Cusanus-Gesellschaft 14:113-120.
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  45. Wie schreibt man Geschichte der mittelalterlichen Philosophie? Zur Debatte zwischen Claude Panaccio und Alain de Libera über den philosophischen Wert der philosophiehistorischen Forschung.Kurt Flasch - 1993 - Medioevo 19:1-30.
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  46. Collected Works. Vol. IV: Correspondence A-G. Vol. V: Correspondence H-Z.Kurt Gödel, Solomon Feferman, John W. Dawson, Warren Goldfarb, Charles Parsons & Wilfried Sieg - 2004 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 66 (1):165-166.
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  47. « La structure de l'organisme », introduction à la biologie à partir de la pathologie humaine. Bibliothèque de Philosophie, 8e éd.Kurt Goldstein, E. Burckhardt & Jean Kuntz - 1952 - Les Etudes Philosophiques 7 (3):290-291.
     
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  48. Brod-Weltsch, Anschauung und Begriff.Kurt Heiligenstaedt - 1913 - Kant Studien 18:164.
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  49. Meumann, E., Einführung in die Ästhetik.Kurt Heiligenstaedt - 1913 - Kant Studien 18:152.
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  50. Arthur Liebert, Die Philosophie in der Schule.Kurt Krippendorf - 1929 - Schopenhauer Jahrbuch:214-215.
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