Results for 'Salmon, Wesley C. Salmon Y. Merrilee'

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  1. Alternative Models of Scientific Explanation.Wesley C. Salmon & Merrilee H. Salmon - 1997 - In Wesley C. Salmon (ed.), Causality and Explanation. New York, US: Oxford University Press USA.
    Coauthored with Merrilee Salmon, addresses archaeologists and other anthropologists interested in the nature of scientific explanation. A group called the new archaeologists, concerned to assure the scientific status of archaeology, had become convinced that a sine qua non of science is the construction of explanations conforming to Hempel's D‐N model. The authors aim was to show that a much wider class of covering law models of explanation is available, and that others in this set are more suitable than (...)
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  2. Empiricism: Historical & Contemporary Perspectives. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. This volume presents seventeen essays (not eleven, as the publisher inexplicably claims) by a diverse group of philosophers that arose out of a conference in. [REVIEW]Paolo Parrlmi, Wesley C. Salmon & Merrilee H. Salmon - 2004 - In Friedrich Stadler (ed.), Induction and Deduction in the Sciences. Dordrecht, Netherland: Springer. pp. 331.
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  3.  44
    Logical Empiricism: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives.Paolo Parrini, Merrilee H. Salmon & Wesley C. Salmon (eds.) - 2003 - University of Pittsburgh Press.
    This collection of essays reexamines the origins of logical empiricism and offers fresh insights into its relationship to contemporary philosophy of science.
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  4.  24
    Logical Empiricism: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives Edited by Paolo Parrini, Wesley C. Salmon, and Merrilee H. Salmon Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003, ix + 396 pp., $49.95. [REVIEW]Jonathan Y. Tsou - 2006 - Dialogue 45 (4):808-810.
  5. Causality Without Counterfactuals.Wesley C. Salmon - 1997 - In Wesley C. Salmon (ed.), Causality and Explanation. New York, US: Oxford University Press USA.
    The author replaces his earlier explication of causal processes in terms of capacity for mark transmission with an analysis of the capacity for transmission of conserved quantities. This new theory was formulated in response to criticisms of Phil Dowe and Philip Kitcher. It relies heavily on modified versions of the seminal ideas of Phil Dowe, and overcomes a number of difficulties faced by the author's previous view. It eliminates a philosophically undesirable dependence on counterfactual conditions; it provides analyses of Y (...)
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  6.  23
    Paolo Parrini, Wesley C. Salmon, and Merrilee H. Salmon , Logical Empiricism: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press , 396pp., $49.95. [REVIEW]Richard Creath - 2004 - Philosophy of Science 71 (4):623-625.
    With its seventeen papers roughly evenly divided between European and American scholars, Logical Empiricism is a welcome addition to the rapidly growing literature on that movement. It both broadens and deepens our understanding of the logical empiricists themselves. It shows their work often to have been continuous with that of more modern figures. And it explores from a variety of perspectives the connections both between science and philosophy and between the study of historical figures and problems and the ongoing systematic (...)
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  7. Paolo Parrini, Wesley C. Salmon, and Merrilee H. Salmon, eds., Logical Empiricism: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives Reviewed by. [REVIEW]Alexander Rueger - 2004 - Philosophy in Review 24 (2):140-143.
  8. Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World.Wesley C. Salmon - 1984 - Princeton University Press.
    The philosophical theory of scientific explanation proposed here involves a radically new treatment of causality that accords with the pervasively statistical character of contemporary science. Wesley C. Salmon describes three fundamental conceptions of scientific explanation--the epistemic, modal, and ontic. He argues that the prevailing view is untenable and that the modal conception is scientifically out-dated. Significantly revising aspects of his earlier work, he defends a causal/mechanical theory that is a version of the ontic conception. Professor Salmon's theory (...)
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  9.  52
    Review of Wesley C. salmon, Phil Dowe (ed.), Merrilee H. salmon (ed.), Reality and Rationality[REVIEW]Ned Hall - 2007 - Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2007 (1).
  10.  7
    Probability and Causality: Essays in Honor of Wesley C. Salmon.James H. Fetzer & Wesley C. Salmon - 1987 - Springer.
    The contributions to this special collection concern issues and problems discussed in or related to the work of Wesley C. Salmon. Salmon has long been noted for his important work in the philosophy of science, which has included research on the interpretation of probability, the nature of explanation, the character of reasoning, the justification of induction, the structure of space/time and the paradoxes of Zeno, to mention only some of the most prominent. During a time of increasing (...)
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  11. Causality without counterfactuals.Wesley C. Salmon - 1994 - Philosophy of Science 61 (2):297-312.
    This paper presents a drastically revised version of the theory of causality, based on analyses of causal processes and causal interactions, advocated in Salmon (1984). Relying heavily on modified versions of proposals by P. Dowe, this article answers penetrating objections by Dowe and P. Kitcher to the earlier theory. It shows how the new theory circumvents a host of difficulties that have been raised in the literature. The result is, I hope, a more satisfactory analysis of physical causality.
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  12. Scientific Explanation: Three Basic Conceptions.Wesley C. Salmon - 1984 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1984:293 - 305.
    By contrasting three general conceptions of scientific explanation, this paper seeks to clarify the explanandum and to exhibit the fundamental philosophical issues involved in the project of explicating scientific explanation. The three conceptions--epistemic, modal, and ontic--have both historical and contemporary importance. In the context of Laplacian determinism, they do not seem importantly distinct, but in the context of irreducibly statistical explanations, the three are seen to diverge sharply. The paper argues for a causal/mechanical version of the ontic conception, and concludes (...)
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  13. Causality and explanation: A reply to two critiques.Wesley C. Salmon - 1997 - Philosophy of Science 64 (3):461-477.
    This paper discusses several distinct process theories of causality offered in recent years by Phil Dowe and me. It addresses problems concerning the explication of causal process, causal interaction, and causal transmission, whether given in terms of transmission of marks, transmission of invariant or conserved quantities, or mere possession of conserved quantities. Renouncing the mark-transmission and invariant quantity criteria, I accept a conserved quantity theory similar to Dowe's--differing basically with respect to causal transmission. This paper also responds to several fundamental (...)
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  14.  56
    Causality: Production and Propagation.Wesley C. Salmon - 1980 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1980 (Volume Two: Symposia and Invited):49 - 69.
    A theory of causality based upon physical processes is developed. Causal processes are distinguished from pseudo-processes by means of a criterion of mark transmission. Causal interactions are characterized as those intersections of processes in which the intersecting processes are mutually modified in ways which persist beyond the point of intersection. Causal forks of three kinds (conjunctive, interactive, and perfect) are introduced to explicate the principle of the common cause. Causal forks account for the production of order and modifications of order; (...)
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  15. Scientific Explanation Three Basic Conceptions.Wesley C. Salmon - 1993 - In David-Hillel Ruben (ed.), Explanation. New York: Oxford University Press.
  16. Four Decades of Scientific Explanation.Wesley C. Salmon & Anne Fagot-Largeault - 1989 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 16 (2):355.
    As Aristotle stated, scientific explanation is based on deductive argument--yet, Wesley C. Salmon points out, not all deductive arguments are qualified explanations. The validity of the explanation must itself be examined. _Four Decades of Scientific Explanation_ provides a comprehensive account of the developments in scientific explanation that transpired in the last four decades of the twentieth century. It continues to stand as the most comprehensive treatment of the writings on the subject during these years. Building on the historic (...)
     
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  17. Causality and explanation.Wesley C. Salmon - 1998 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Wesley Salmon is renowned for his seminal contributions to the philosophy of science. He has powerfully and permanently shaped discussion of such issues as lawlike and probabilistic explanation and the interrelation of explanatory notions to causal notions. This unique volume brings together twenty-six of his essays on subjects related to causality and explanation, written over the period 1971-1995. Six of the essays have never been published before and many others have only appeared in obscure venues. The volume includes (...)
  18. Should we attempt to justify induction?Wesley C. Salmon - 1957 - Philosophical Studies 8 (3):33 - 48.
  19. Rational prediction.Wesley C. Salmon - 1981 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 32 (2):115-125.
  20.  37
    Probability and the Logic of Rational Belief. Henry E. Kyburg, Jr.Wesley C. Salmon - 1967 - Philosophy of Science 34 (3):283-285.
  21. Statistical explanation & statistical relevance.Wesley C. Salmon - 1971 - [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press. Edited by Richard C. Jeffrey & James G. Greeno.
    Through his S–R model of statistical relevance, Wesley Salmon offers a solution to the scientific explanation of objectively improbable events.
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  22. Hans Reichenbach's vindication of induction.Wesley C. Salmon - 1991 - Erkenntnis 35 (1-3):99 - 122.
    Reichenbach sought to resolve Hume's problem of the justification of induction by means of a pragmatic vindication that relies heavily on the convergence properties of his rule of induction. His attempt to rule out all other asymptotic methods by an appeal to descriptive simplicity was unavailing. We found that important progress in that direction could be made by invoking normalizing conditions (consistency) and methodological simplicity (as a basis for invariance), but that they did not do the whole job. I am (...)
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  23.  85
    The foundations of scientific inference.Wesley C. Salmon - 1967 - [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press.
    Not since Ernest Nagel’s 1939 monograph on the theory of probability has there been a comprehensive elementary survey of the philosophical problems of probablity and induction. This is an authoritative and up-to-date treatment of the subject, and yet it is relatively brief and nontechnical. Hume’s skeptical arguments regarding the justification of induction are taken as a point of departure, and a variety of traditional and contemporary ways of dealing with this problem are considered. The author then sets forth his own (...)
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  24. An "at-at" theory of causal influence.Wesley C. Salmon - 1977 - Philosophy of Science 44 (2):215-224.
    The propagation of causal influences through space-time seems to play a fundamental role in scientific explanation. Taking as a point of departure a basic distinction between causal interactions (which are localized in space-time) and causal processes (which may extend through vast regions of space-time), this paper attempts an analysis of the concept of causal propagation on the basis of the ability of causal processes to transmit "marks." The analysis rests upon the "at-at" theory of motion which has figured prominently in (...)
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  25.  24
    Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World.Wesley C. Salmon - 1985 - Princeton University Press.
    The philosophical theory of scientific explanation proposed here involves a radically new treatment of causality that accords with the pervasively statistical character of contemporary science. Wesley C. Salmon describes three fundamental conceptions of scientific explanation--the epistemic, modal, and ontic. He argues that the prevailing view (a version of the epistemic conception) is untenable and that the modal conception is scientifically out-dated. Significantly revising aspects of his earlier work, he defends a causal/mechanical theory that is a version of the (...)
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  26.  36
    Probabilistically, Explaining Things.Wesley C. Salmon - 2003 - In Kyburg Jr, E. Henry & Mariam Thalos (eds.), Probability is the Very Guide of Life: The Philosophical Uses of Chance. Open Court.
  27.  82
    Objectively homogeneous reference classes.Wesley C. Salmon - 1977 - Synthese 36 (4):399 - 414.
  28.  24
    Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science Vol. XIII: Scientific Explanation.Philip Kitcher & Wesley C. Salmon (eds.) - 1989 - MINNEAPOLIS: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA PRESS.
  29.  7
    Scientific Inference. Harold Jeffreys. Second Edition. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1957. Pp. viii, 236. $4.75.Wesley C. Salmon - 1957 - Philosophy of Science 24 (4):364-366.
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  30. The uniformity of nature.Wesley C. Salmon - 1953 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 14 (1):39-48.
    The principle of uniformity of nature has sometimes been invoked for the purpose of justifying induction. This principle cannot be established "a priori", And in the absence of a justification of induction, It cannot be established "a posteriori". There is no justification for assuming it as a postulate of science. Use of such a principle is, However, Neither sufficient nor necessary for a justification of induction. In any plausible form, It is too weak for that purpose, And hence, It is (...)
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  31. The Spirit of Logical Empiricism: Carl G. Hempel’s Role in Twentieth-Century Philosophy of Science.Wesley C. Salmon - 1999 - Philosophy of Science 66 (3):333-350.
    In this paper, I discuss the key role played by Carl G. Hempel's work on theoretical realism and scientific explanation in effecting a crucial philosophical transition between the beginning and the end of the twentieth century. At the beginning of the century, the dominant view was that science is incapable of furnishing explanations of natural phenomena; at the end, explanation is widely viewed as an important, if not the primary, goal of science. In addition to its intellectual benefits, this transition (...)
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  32. Statistical explanation.Wesley C. Salmon - 1970 - In Robert G. Colodny (ed.), The Nature and Function of Scientific Theories: Essays in Contemporary Science and Philosophy. University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 173--231.
     
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  33.  77
    The conventionality of simultaneity.Wesley C. Salmon - 1969 - Philosophy of Science 36 (1):44-63.
    After describing a new method of synchronizing spatially separated clocks by means of clock transport, this paper discusses the philosophical import of the existence of such methods, including those of Ellis and Bowman and of Bridgman, with special reference to the Ellis-Bowman claim that "the thesis of the coventionality of distant simultaneity... is thus either trivialized or refuted." I argue that the physical facts do not support this philosophical conclusion, and that a substantial part of their argument against Reichenbach, in (...)
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  34.  45
    The predictive inference.Wesley C. Salmon - 1957 - Philosophy of Science 24 (2):180-190.
    A common type of inductive problem is to predict the nature of an unobserved finite sample of a given population on the basis of an observed finite sample of the same population. More precisely, given a class of events A, we examine a sample Sn having n members, of which mi belong to the class Bi. On the basis of our knowledge that mi/n of Sn have been Bi, we attempt to predict the ratio of members of Bi to members (...)
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  35. Religion and science: A new look at Hume's dialogues.Wesley C. Salmon - 1978 - Philosophical Studies 33 (2):143 - 176.
    This article deals with the design argument for the existence of God as it is discussed in hume's "dialogues concerning natural religion". Using bayes's theorem in the probability calculus--Which hume almost certainly could not have known as such--It shows how the various arguments advanced by philo and cleanthes fit neatly into a comprehensive logical structure. The conclusion is drawn that, Not only does the empirical evidence fail to support the theistic hypothesis, But also renders the atheistic hypothesis quite highly probable. (...)
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  36. Scientific Explanation.Philip Kitcher & Wesley C. Salmon (eds.) - 1962 - Univ of Minnesota Pr.
    Studdert-Kennedy, Gerald, Evidence and Explanation in Social Science. ... Kauffman, Stuart, "Articulation of Parts Explanation in Biology and the Rational ...
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  37. 4 decades of scientific explanation.Wesley C. Salmon - 1989 - Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science 13:3-219.
  38. Human Knowledge.Wesley C. Salmon - 1974 - Duckworth.
     
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  39. Conflicting conceptions of scientific explanation.Wesley C. Salmon - 1985 - Journal of Philosophy 82 (11):651-654.
  40. Causal propensities: Statistical causality vs. aleatory causality.Wesley C. Salmon - 1990 - Topoi 9 (2):95-100.
  41. Comments on ”Hempel’s Ambiguity’ by J. Alberto Coffa.Wesley C. Salmon - 1974 - Synthese 28 (2):165 - 169.
    Using Coffa's paper as a point of departure, this brief note is designed to show that Hempel's inductive-statistical model of explanation implicitly construes explanations of that type as defective deductive-nomological explanations, with the consequence that there is no such thing as genuine inductive-statistical explanation according to Hempel's account. This result suggests a possible implicit commitment to determinism behind Hempel's theory of scientific explanation.
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  42.  56
    Explaining Things Probabilistically.Wesley C. Salmon - 2001 - The Monist 84 (2):208-217.
    Human beings crave explanations of all sorts of things. If “probabilityis our very guide of life,” then probability must play a crucial role in explanation. There are, of course, many types of explanations, and scientific explanations are no doubt in the minority; nevertheless, they are sometimes enormously important. Carl G. Hempel and Paul Oppenheim’s 1948 classic, “Studies in the Logic of Explanation,” characterized one form of deductive explanation with considerable precision, as well as another, which they dealt with much less (...)
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  43.  23
    Probabilistic Causality.Wesley C. Salmon - 1980 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 61 (1-2):50-74.
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  44. The short run.Wesley C. Salmon - 1955 - Philosophy of Science 22 (3):214-221.
    1. The Problem. In spite of the vast discussion which has been devoted to the theory of probability, the problem of the short run has received surprisingly little attention. Yet, the whole significance of the theory depends upon a solution of this problem, for without an answer to it we cannot say why it is useful to have knowledge of probabilities or why we should take account of this knowledge in making practical decisions. As far as I know, Charles Peirce (...)
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  45.  22
    Logic.Wesley C. Salmon - 1977 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 42 (1):107-108.
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  46.  36
    In Praise of Relevance.Wesley C. Salmon - 1981 - Teaching Philosophy 4 (3-4):261-275.
  47.  38
    Philosophy and the Rise of Modern Science.Wesley C. Salmon - 1990 - Teaching Philosophy 13 (3):233-239.
  48.  23
    Probabilistic Explanation: Introduction.Wesley C. Salmon - 1982 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1982:179 - 180.
  49.  46
    Philosopher in a Physics Course.Wesley C. Salmon - 1977 - Teaching Philosophy 2 (2):139-146.
  50. Memory and perception in Human Knowledge.Wesley C. Salmon - 1974 - In Human Knowledge. Duckworth.
     
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