Results for 'Adam J. Chmielewski'

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  1.  5
    The Enlightenment’s Concept of the Individual and its Contemporary Criticism.Adam J. Chmielewski - 2007 - Polish Journal of Philosophy 1 (2):41-59.
    Communitarian social philosophy was born in opposition to some tenets of liberalism. Liberal individualism has been among its most strongly contested claims. In their criticisms, the communitarians point to the Enlightenment’s sources of the individualist vision of society and morality. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that, even if the communitarian line of argument has been justified in more than one way, it is at the same time important to remember that the greatest figure of the Scottish Enlightenment, (...)
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  2.  4
    Sir Karl Popper.Adam J. Chmielewski - 1995 - Dialogue and Universalism 5 (8):19-20.
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  3.  3
    The Future Is Open.Adam J. Chmielewski - 1995 - Dialogue and Universalism 5 (8):21-30.
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  4. Life after liberalism.Adam J. Chmielewski - 1999 - In Ian Charles Jarvie & Sandra Pralong (eds.), Popper's Open society after fifty years: the continuing relevance of Karl Popper. New York: Routledge.
  5. The future is open: A conversation with sir Karl Popper.Adam J. Chmielewski & Karl R. Popper - 1999 - In Ian Charles Jarvie & Sandra Pralong (eds.), Popper's Open society after fifty years: the continuing relevance of Karl Popper. New York: Routledge.
  6.  8
    The Conditions of Philosophy in Totalitarian and Post‐Totalitarian Poland.Leszek Koczanowicz & Adam J. Chmielwski - 1997 - Metaphilosophy 28 (4):404-416.
    This compound paper presents the views of two Polish philosophers on the strong international pressures influencing the development of Polish philosophy in recent times. The first part, by Leszek Koczanowicz, treats the philosophical situation and problems of totalitarian Poland under the influence of Soviet Marxism, while the second part, by Adam Chmielewski, focuses on the main trends and difficulties of post‐totalitarian Poland, dominated by Western influence.
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  7. Wielość relatywizmów? [J. Majcherek, Źródła relatywizmu w nauce i kulturze XX wieku, Kraków 2004].Adam Chmielewski - 2006 - Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia:184-189.
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  8.  13
    The Appeal to Expert Opinion: Quantitative Support for a Bayesian Network Approach.Adam J. L. Harris, Ulrike Hahn, Jens K. Madsen & Anne S. Hsu - 2016 - Cognitive Science 40 (6):1496-1533.
    The appeal to expert opinion is an argument form that uses the verdict of an expert to support a position or hypothesis. A previous scheme-based treatment of the argument form is formalized within a Bayesian network that is able to capture the critical aspects of the argument form, including the central considerations of the expert's expertise and trustworthiness. We propose this as an appropriate normative framework for the argument form, enabling the development and testing of quantitative predictions as to how (...)
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  9.  92
    AI, big data, and the future of consent.Adam J. Andreotta, Nin Kirkham & Marco Rizzi - 2022 - AI and Society 37 (4):1715-1728.
    In this paper, we discuss several problems with current Big data practices which, we claim, seriously erode the role of informed consent as it pertains to the use of personal information. To illustrate these problems, we consider how the notion of informed consent has been understood and operationalised in the ethical regulation of biomedical research (and medical practices, more broadly) and compare this with current Big data practices. We do so by first discussing three types of problems that can impede (...)
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  10.  30
    The hard problem of AI rights.Adam J. Andreotta - 2021 - AI and Society 36 (1):19-32.
    In the past few years, the subject of AI rights—the thesis that AIs, robots, and other artefacts (hereafter, simply ‘AIs’) ought to be included in the sphere of moral concern—has started to receive serious attention from scholars. In this paper, I argue that the AI rights research program is beset by an epistemic problem that threatens to impede its progress—namely, a lack of a solution to the ‘Hard Problem’ of consciousness: the problem of explaining why certain brain states give rise (...)
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  11.  10
    The Phenomenology of Revelation in Heidegger, Marion, and Ricoeur.Adam J. Graves - 2021 - Lanham: Lexington Books.
    Adam Graves presents a new framework for understanding the importance of the concept of revelation in the development of phenomenology while also charting a path towards a more fruitful understanding of the relationship between reason and revelation, one that is rooted in a deeper appreciation of the complexities of our linguistic inheritance.
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  12.  20
    Confabulation does not undermine introspection for propositional attitudes.Adam J. Andreotta - 2019 - Synthese 198 (5):4851-4872.
    According to some, such as Carruthers (2009, 2010, 2011, 2015), the confabulation data (experimental data showing subjects making false psychological self-ascriptions) undermine the view that we can know our propositional attitudes by introspection. He believes that these data favour his interpretive sensory-access (ISA) theory—the view that self-knowledge of our propositional attitudes always involves self-interpretation of our sensations, behaviour, or situational cues. This paper will review some of the confabulation data and conclude that the presence and pattern of these data do (...)
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  13.  14
    Ethics and Education.J. W. L. Adams - 1968 - Philosophical Quarterly 18 (71):186-187.
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  14. Color constancy: Phenomenal or projective?Adam J. Reeves, Kinjiro Amano & David H. Foster - 2008 - Perception and Psychophysics 70:219-228.
    Naive observers viewed a sequence of colored Mondrian patterns, simulated on a color monitor. Each pattern was presented twice in succession, first under one daylight illuminant with a correlated color temperature of either 16,000 or 4,000 K and then under the other, to test for color constancy. The observers compared the central square of the pattern across illuminants, either rating it for sameness of material appearance or sameness of hue and saturation or judging an objective property—that is, whether its change (...)
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  15.  10
    Naming and identity in epistemic logic part II: a first-order logic for naming.Adam J. Grove - 1995 - Artificial Intelligence 74 (2):311-350.
  16.  8
    Economic precarity, modern liberal arts and creating a resilient graduate.Adam J. Smith - 2018 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 50 (11):1037-1044.
    From the perspective of a recent graduate, this article offers a critique of non-STEM higher education in England as unfit for purpose. Whilst universities blindly focus on employability, transferable skills and narrow bands of subject knowledge, the economic world around them has collapsed into absurdity. The graduate today is now faced with economic, social and cultural precarity which is unreflected in the rigid structures and narrow focus of their degree. This article seeks a radical return to the ancient principles of (...)
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  17.  10
    Unrealistic optimism about future life events: A cautionary note.Adam J. L. Harris & Ulrike Hahn - 2011 - Psychological Review 118 (1):135-154.
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  18. Free will as a matter of law.Adam J. Kolber - 2016 - In Dennis Michael Patterson & Michael S. Pardo (eds.), Philosophical Foundations of Law and Neuroscience. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press UK.
     
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  19.  17
    Extending the Transparency Method beyond Belief: a Solution to the Generality Problem.Adam J. Andreotta - 2020 - Acta Analytica 36 (2):191-212.
    According to the Transparency Method, one can know whether one believes that P by attending to a question about the world—namely, ‘Is P true?’ On this view, one can know, for instance, whether one believes that Socrates was a Greek philosopher by attending to the question ‘Was Socrates a Greek philosopher?’ While many think that TM can account for the self-knowledge we can have of such a belief—and belief in general—fewer think that TM can be generalised to account for the (...)
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  20.  7
    Anxiety, anticipation and contextual information: A test of attentional control theory.Adam J. Cocks, Robin C. Jackson, Daniel T. Bishop & A. Mark Williams - 2016 - Cognition and Emotion 30 (6).
  21.  18
    The End of Liberty.Adam J. Kolber - 2021 - Criminal Law and Philosophy 15 (3):407-424.
    Theorists treat liberty as a great equalizer. We can’t easily distribute equal welfare, but we can purport to distribute equal liberty. In fact, however, nothing about “equal liberty” is meaningfully equal. To demonstrate, I turn not to familiar cases of distributing positive goods but to the distribution of a negative good, namely carceral punishment. Many theorists believe we should impose proportional punishment by depriving offenders of liberty in proportion to their blameworthiness. In this manner, equally blameworthy offenders are said to (...)
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  22.  5
    Mediterranean modernism: intercultural exchange and aesthetic development.Adam J. Goldwyn & Renée M. Silverman (eds.) - 2016 - New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    This book explores how Modernist movements all across the Mediterranean basin differed from those of other regions. The chapters show how the political and economic turmoil of a period marked by world war, revolution, decolonization, nationalism, and the rapid advance of new technologies compelled artists, writers, and other intellectuals to create a new hybrid Mediterranean Modernist aesthetic which sought to balance the tensions between local and foreign, tradition and innovation, and colonial and postcolonial.
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  23.  5
    The Color-Word Stroop Task Does Not Differentiate Cognitive Inhibition Ability Among Esports Gamers of Varying Expertise.Adam J. Toth, Magdalena Kowal & Mark J. Campbell - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  24.  14
    On the circumstances of justice.Adam J. Tebble - 2020 - European Journal of Political Theory 19 (1):3-25.
    An epistemic account of the circumstances of justice allows one to make three important claims about the Humean and Rawlsian ‘standard account’ of those circumstances. First, and contrary to Hume, the possibility and necessity of justice are rooted not in limited beneficence or confined generosity, but in the epistemic insight that the knowledge relevant to deciding what to do with the fruits of social cooperation is for a variety of reasons uncentralisable. Second, and regardless of whether Rawlsian ethical disagreement is (...)
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  25.  15
    Pädagogischer Humanismus.J. W. L. Adams - 1958 - Philosophical Quarterly 8 (30):78-79.
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  26.  24
    Lies, damned lies, and statistics: An empirical investigation of the concept of lying.Adam J. Arico & Don Fallis - 2013 - Philosophical Psychology 26 (6):790 - 816.
    There are many philosophical questions surrounding the notion of lying. Is it ever morally acceptable to lie? Can we acquire knowledge from people who might be lying to us? More fundamental, however, is the question of what, exactly, constitutes the concept of lying. According to one traditional definition, lying requires intending to deceive (Augustine. (1952). Lying (M. Muldowney, Trans.). In R. Deferrari (Ed.), Treatises on various subjects (pp. 53?120). New York, NY: Catholic University of America). More recently, Thomas Carson (2006. (...)
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  27. Versatile participants in medieval judicial processes : Catalonia, 900-1100.Adam J. Kosto - 2023 - In Isabel Alfonso Antón, José M. Andrade & André Evangelista Marques (eds.), Records and processes of dispute settlement in early medieval societies: Iberia and beyond. Boston: Brill.
     
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  28.  28
    Partial First-Person Authority: How We Know Our Own Emotions.Adam J. Andreotta - forthcoming - Review of Philosophy and Psychology:1-23.
    This paper focuses on the self-knowledge of emotions. I first argue that several of the leading theories of self-knowledge, including thetransparency method(see, e.g., Byrne 2018) andneo-expressivism(see, e.g., Bar-On 2004), have difficulties explaining how we authoritatively know our own emotions (even though they may plausibly account for sensation, belief, intention, and desire). I next consider Barrett’s (2017a) empirically informedtheory of constructed emotion. While I agree with her that we ‘give meaning to [our] present sensations’ (2017a, p.26), I disagree with her that (...)
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  29.  14
    Testing the adaptability of people's use of attribute frame information.Adam J. L. Harris, Sarah C. Jenkins, Gloria W. S. Ma & Aloysius Oh - 2021 - Cognition 212 (C):104720.
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  30.  7
    Property and Practical Reason.Adam J. MacLeod - 2015 - Cambridge University Press.
    Property and Practical Reason makes a moral argument for common law property institutions and norms, and challenges the prevailing dichotomy between individual rights and state interests and its assumption that individual preferences and the good of communities must be in conflict. One can understand competing intuitions about private property rights by considering how private property enables owners and their collaborators to exercise practical reason consistent with the requirements of reason, and thereby to become practically reasonable agents of deliberation and choice (...)
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  31.  5
    The age of selfies: reasoning about rights when the stakes are personal.Adam J. MacLeod - 2020 - Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield.
    The book prescribes a way to educate ourselves and our young people how to disagree well and lays out a framework for flourishing together in society despite our radical differences.
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  32.  7
    Understanding the coherence of the severity effect and optimism phenomena: Lessons from attention.Adam J. L. Harris - 2017 - Consciousness and Cognition 50:30-44.
  33.  15
    Akbar’s Dream.Adam J. T. Robarts - 2020 - Zeitschrift für Religions- Und Geistesgeschichte 72 (3):345-356.
  34.  13
    Quasi-cyclical preferences in the ethics of Plato, Aristotle, and Kant.Adam J. Roberts - 2022 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 45:e238.
    Bermúdez describes the extensionality principle as being “almost unquestioned.” This claim might come as a surprise to philosophers who work on agency and ethics. In Kantian deontological ethics and in Platonic or Aristotelian virtue ethics, our preferences for outcomes can be rationally affected by how those outcomes are framed in terms of maxims and character traits.
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  35.  10
    On the circumstances of justice.Adam J. Tebble - 2016 - European Journal of Political Theory:147488511666419.
    An epistemic account of the circumstances of justice allows one to make three important claims about the Humean and Rawlsian ‘standard account’ of those circumstances. First, and contrary to Hume,...
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  36.  11
    Corrupting Conversations with the Marquis de Sade: On Education, Gender, and Sexuality.Adam J. Greteman - 2015 - Studies in Philosophy and Education 35 (6):605-620.
    In this essay, the author joins a conversation started by Martin regarding gender and education seeking to extend the conversation to address sexuality. To do so, the author brings a reading of the Marquis de Sade to challenge the emphasis on reproduction in education as it relates to gendered and sexual norms. The author, following Martin’s approach in Reclaiming the Conversation, reads one particular text of Sade’s—Philosophy in the Bedroom—to argue for queer possibilities that Sade brings to the conversation around (...)
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  37.  10
    Investigating Medical Students’ Navigation of Ethical Dilemmas: Understanding the Breakdown and How to Solve It.Adam J. Wesevich, Lauren E. Gulbas & Hilary F. Ryder - 2023 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 14 (4):227-236.
    Purpose Medical students receive a varying amount of training in medical ethics and are expected to navigate clinical ethical dilemmas innately. There is little literature on attempts to navigate ethical dilemmas experienced during early clinical experiences and whether current curricula prepare students for these dilemmas. This study explores the different ethical dilemmas experienced by medical students on their third-year clerkships and analyzes the factors, sources, and resolutions proposed by them.Methods From 2016 to 2018, third-year medical students completed a written assignment (...)
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  38.  5
    Because Hitler did it! Quantitative tests of Bayesian argumentation using ad hominem.Adam J. L. Harris, Anne S. Hsu & Jens K. Madsen - 2012 - Thinking and Reasoning 18 (3):311 - 343.
    Bayesian probability has recently been proposed as a normative theory of argumentation. In this article, we provide a Bayesian formalisation of the ad Hitlerum argument, as a special case of the ad hominem argument. Across three experiments, we demonstrate that people's evaluation of the argument is sensitive to probabilistic factors deemed relevant on a Bayesian formalisation. Moreover, we provide the first parameter-free quantitative evidence in favour of the Bayesian approach to argumentation. Quantitative Bayesian prescriptions were derived from participants' stated subjective (...)
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  39. Context Modulates the Contribution of Time and Space in Causal Inference.Adam J. Woods, Matthew Lehet & Anjan Chatterjee - 2014 - In Marc J. Buehner (ed.), Time and causality. [Lausanne, Switzerland]: Frontiers Media SA.
     
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  40.  2
    Expertise and decision-making in American football.Adam J. Woods, Alexander Kranjec, Matt Lehet & Anjan Chatterjee - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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  41.  12
    Editorial: Progress in Computer Gaming and Esports: Neurocognitive and Motor Perspectives.Adam J. Toth, Cornelia Frank, David Putrino & Mark J. Campbell - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
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  42.  49
    Relativism.Maria Baghramian & Adam J. Carter - 2020 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    Relativism has been, in its various guises, both one of the most popular and most reviled philosophical doctrines of our time. Defenders see it as a harbinger of tolerance and the only ethical and epistemic stance worthy of the open-minded and tolerant. Detractors dismiss it for its alleged incoherence and uncritical intellectual permissiveness. Debates about relativism permeate the whole spectrum of philosophical sub-disciplines. From ethics to epistemology, science to religion, political theory to ontology, theories of meaning and even logic, philosophy (...)
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  43.  11
    Environmental Neuroethics: Bridging Environmental Ethics and Mental Health.Adam J. Shriver, Laura Y. Cabrera & Judy Illes - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (9):26-27.
  44.  8
    Queer Replication.Adam J. Greteman - 2017 - Philosophy of Education 73:245-258.
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  45.  6
    Laboratory studies of behavior without awareness.J. K. Adams - 1957 - Psychological Bulletin 54:383-405.
  46.  60
    More than Just a Passing Cognitive Show: a Defence of Agentialism About Self-knowledge.Adam J. Andreotta - 2022 - Acta Analytica 37 (3):353-373.
    This paper contributes to a debate that has arisen in the recent self-knowledge literature between agentialists and empiricists. According to agentialists, in order for one to know what one believes, desires, and intends, rational agency needs to be exercised in centrally significant cases. Empiricists disagree: while they acknowledge the importance of rationality in general, they maintain that when it comes to self- knowledge, empirical justification, or warrant, is always sufficient. In what follows, I defend agentialism. I argue that if we (...)
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  47.  20
    The Aims of Typologies and a Typology of Methods.Adam J. Chin - 2023 - Zygon 58 (3):656-677.
    Typologies like Ian Barbour's have been widely used—and critiqued—in religion-and-science. Several alternatives have been proposed by, for example, John Haught, Willem Drees, Mikael Stenmark, and Shoaib Ahmed Malik. However, there has been a surprising deficit in discussion of what we wish typologies to do in religion and science in the first place. In this article, I provide a general analysis of typologies in religion-and-science by (1) providing a classification of existing typologies as conclusion- or concept-oriented; (2) showing that typologies are (...)
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  48. Aspects of the Language of Latin Poetry.J. N. Adams & R. G. Mayer - unknown - Proceedings of the British Academy 93.
    International array of contributors, bringing together both traditional and more recent approaches to provide valuable insights into the poets’ use of language.Covers authors from Lucilius to Juvenal.Of the peoples of ancient Italy, only the Romans committed newly composed poems to writing, and for 250 years Latin-speakers developed an impressive verse literature.The language had traditional resources of high style, e.g., alliteration, lexical and morphological archaism or grecism, and of course metaphor and word order; and there were also less obvious resources in (...)
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  49.  13
    Line Drawing in the Dark.Adam J. Kolber - 2021 - Theoretical Inquiries in Law 22 (1):111-136.
    The law inevitably draws lines. These lines distinguish, for example, whether certain conduct reflects ordinary recklessness constituting manslaughter or more extreme recklessness constituting murder. There is no way to meaningfully draw such lines, however, absent shared ways of representing amounts of recklessness or at least knowledge of the consequences of drawing lines in particular places. Yet legal actors frequently draw lines in the dark, establishing cutoffs along a spectrum with little or none of the information required to do so in (...)
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  50.  21
    Putting philosophy to work: developing the conceptual architecture of research projects.Adam J. Nichol, Catherine Hastings & Dave Elder-Vass - 2023 - Journal of Critical Realism 22 (3):364-383.
    Research necessarily entails the close interrelation of concepts and arguments, including solutions to a range of meta-questions, whether acknowledged explicitly or not. Despite this, few detailed accounts currently exist that support researchers to develop their complex conceptual architectures, especially in critical realist spheres. Indeed, many published accounts often omit much of this ‘messiness’ that sits behind, yet is foundational to, research projects. Those accounts that do seek to portray how/why researchers have made decisions (e.g. about connections between research philosophy, methodology, (...)
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