Results for 'S. M. Adib'

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  1. Attitudes of the Lebanese public regarding disclosure of serious illness.S. M. Adib & G. N. Hamadeh - 1999 - Journal of Medical Ethics 25 (5):399-403.
    OBJECTIVES: To measure the preference regarding disclosure of a serious diagnosis, and its determinants, of the Lebanese public. DESIGN AND SETTING: Non-random sample survey of 400 persons interviewed in health care facilities in Beirut in 1995. RESULTS: Forty-two per cent of respondents generally preferred truth not to be disclosed directly to patients. Preference for disclosure was associated with younger age, better education and tendency to rapport-building with physicians. There were no meaningful associations between place of residence (urban/rural), level of religious (...)
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  2. James M. Buchanan, John Rawls, and Democratic Governance.S. M. Amadae - 2011 - In Robert Cavelier (ed.), Approaching Deliberative Democracy. pp. 31-52.
    This article compares James M. Buchanan's and John Rawls's theories of democratic governance. In particular it compares their positions on the characteristics of a legitimate social contract. Where Buchanan argues that additional police force can be used to quell political demonstrations, Rawls argues for a social contract that meets the difference principle.
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  3.  29
    S. M. Benedetta Zorzi, Desiderio della bellezza. Da Platone a Gregorio di Nissa: tracce di una rifrazione teologico-semantica. [REVIEW]S. M. Benedetta Zorzi - 2008 - Augustinianum 48 (2):531-540.
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  4. Prisoners of Reason: Game Theory and Neoliberal Political Economy.S. M. Amadae (ed.) - 2015 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    Is capitalism inherently predatory? Must there be winners and losers? Is public interest outdated and free-riding rational? Is consumer choice the same as self-determination? Must bargainers abandon the no-harm principle? Prisoners of Reason recalls that classical liberal capitalism exalted the no-harm principle. Although imperfect and exclusionary, modern liberalism recognized individual human dignity alongside individuals' responsibility to respect others. Neoliberalism, by contrast, views life as ceaseless struggle. Agents vie for scarce resources in antagonistic competition in which every individual seeks dominance. This (...)
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  5.  17
    Rationalizing Capitalist Democracy: Cold War Origins of Rational Choice Liberalism.S. M. Amadae - 2003 - Chicago, IL, USA: University of Chicago Press.
    This book discusses how rational choice theory grew out of RAND's work for the US Air Force. It concentrates on the work of William J. Riker, Kenneth J. Arrow, James M. Buchanan, Russel Hardin, and John Rawls. It argues that within the context of the US Cold War with its intensive anti-communist and anti-collectivist sentiment, the foundations of capitalist democracy were grounded in the hyper individualist theory of non-cooperative games.
  6.  37
    The dark side of incremental learning: A model of cumulative semantic interference during lexical access in speech production.Myrna F. Schwartz Gary M. Oppenheim, Gary S. Dell - 2010 - Cognition 114 (2):227.
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  7. Prisoner's Dilemma.S. M. Amadae - 2015 - In Prisoners of Reason: Game Theory and Neoliberal Political Economy. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 24-61.
    As these opening quotes acknowledge, the Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD) represents a core puzzle within the formal mathematics of game theory.3 Its rise in conspicuity is evident figure 2.1 above demonstrating a relatively steady rise in incidences of the phrase’s usage between 1960 to 1995, with a stable presence persisting into the twenty first century. This famous two-person “game,” with a stock narrative cast in terms of two prisoners who each independently must choose whether to remain silent or speak, each advancing (...)
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  8.  31
    Moral distress in nurses in oncology and haematology units.M. Lazzarin, A. Biondi & S. Di Mauro - 2012 - Nursing Ethics 19 (2):183-195.
    One of the difficulties nurses experience in clinical practice in relation to ethical issues in connection with young oncology patients is moral distress. In this descriptive correlational study, the Moral Distress Scale-Paediatric Version (MDS-PV) was translated from the original language and tested on a conventional sample of nurses working in paediatric oncology and haematology wards, in six north paediatric hospitals of Italy. 13.7% of the total respondents claimed that they had changed unit or hospital due to moral distress. The items (...)
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  9. "Deterrence,".S. M. Amadae - 2015 - In Prisoners of Reason: Game Theory and Neoliberal Political Economy. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 99-140.
  10. Neuroscience and Philosophy: Brain, Mind, and Language.M. Bennett, D. C. Dennett, P. M. S. Hacker & J. R. & Searle (eds.) - 2007 - Columbia University Press.
    "Neuroscience and Philosophy" begins with an excerpt from "Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience," in which Maxwell Bennett and Peter Hacker question the ...
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  11. Computable Rationality, NUTS, and the Nuclear Leviathan.S. M. Amadae - 2018 - In Daniel Bessner & Nicolas Guilhot (eds.), The Decisionist Imagination: Democracy, Sovereignty and Social Science in the 20th Century.
    This paper explores how the Leviathan that projects power through nuclear arms exercises a unique nuclearized sovereignty. In the case of nuclear superpowers, this sovereignty extends to wielding the power to destroy human civilization as we know it across the globe. Nuclearized sovereignty depends on a hybrid form of power encompassing human decision-makers in a hierarchical chain of command, and all of the technical and computerized functions necessary to maintain command and control at every moment of the sovereign's existence: this (...)
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  12. Game theory, cheap talk and post‐truth politics: David Lewis vs. John Searle on reasons for truth‐telling.S. M. Amadae - 2018 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 48 (3):306-329.
    I offer two potential diagnoses of the behavioral norms governing post‐truth politics by comparing the view of language, communication, and truth‐telling put forward by David Lewis (extended by game theorists), and John Searle. My first goal is to specify the different ways in which Lewis, and game theorists more generally, in contrast to Searle (in the company of Paul Grice and Jurgen Habermas), go about explaining the normativity of truthfulness within a linguistic community. The main difference is that for Lewis (...)
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  13.  43
    Business Versus Ethics? Thoughts on the Future of Business Ethics.M. Tina Dacin, Jeffrey S. Harrison, David Hess, Sheila Killian & Julia Roloff - 2022 - Journal of Business Ethics 180 (3):863-877.
    To commemorate 40 years since the founding of the Journal of Business Ethics, the editors in chief of the journal have invited the editors to provide commentaries on the future of business ethics. This essay comprises a selection of commentaries aimed at creating dialogue around the theme Business versus Ethics?. The authors of these commentaries seek to transcend the age-old separation fallacy :409–421, 1994) that juxtaposes business and ethics/society, posing a forced choice or trade off. Providing a contemporary take on (...)
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  14.  57
    Returning a Research Participant's Genomic Results to Relatives: Analysis and Recommendations.Susan M. Wolf, Rebecca Branum, Barbara A. Koenig, Gloria M. Petersen, Susan A. Berry, Laura M. Beskow, Mary B. Daly, Conrad V. Fernandez, Robert C. Green, Bonnie S. LeRoy, Noralane M. Lindor, P. Pearl O'Rourke, Carmen Radecki Breitkopf, Mark A. Rothstein, Brian Van Ness & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2015 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 43 (3):440-463.
    Genomic research results and incidental findings with health implications for a research participant are of potential interest not only to the participant, but also to the participant's family. Yet investigators lack guidance on return of results to relatives, including after the participant's death. In this paper, a national working group offers consensus analysis and recommendations, including an ethical framework to guide investigators in managing this challenging issue, before and after the participant's death.
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  15.  46
    Suicide assisted by two Swiss right-to-die organisations.S. Fischer, C. A. Huber, L. Imhof, R. Mahrer Imhof, M. Furter, S. J. Ziegler & G. Bosshard - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (11):810-814.
    Background: In Switzerland, non-medical right-to-die organisations such as Exit Deutsche Schweiz and Dignitas offer suicide assistance to members suffering from incurable diseases. Objectives: First, to determine whether differences exist between the members who received assistance in suicide from Exit Deutsche Schweiz and Dignitas. Second, to investigate whether the practices of Exit Deutsche Schweiz have changed since the 1990s. Methods: This study analysed all cases of assisted suicide facilitated by Exit Deutsche Schweiz (E) and Dignitas (D) between 2001 and 2004 and (...)
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  16. Law and Psychiatry.M. S. MOORE - 1984
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  17.  61
    Feeling of doing in obsessive–compulsive checking.S. Belayachi & M. Van der Linden - 2010 - Consciousness and Cognition 19 (2):534-546.
    Research on self-agency emphasizes the importance of a comparing mechanism, which scans for a match between anticipated and actual outcomes, in the subjective experience of doing.This study explored the “feeling of doing” in individuals with checking symptoms by examining the mechanism involved in the experienced agency for outcomes that matched expectations. This mechanism was explored using a task in which the subliminal priming of potential action-effects generally enhances people’s feeling of causing these effects when they occur, due to the unconscious (...)
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  18.  63
    The Intensity and Frequency of Moral Distress Among Different Healthcare Disciplines.S. Houston, M. A. Casanova, M. Leveille, K. L. Schmidt, S. A. Barnes, K. R. Trungale & R. L. Fine - 2013 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 24 (2):98-112.
    IntroductionThe objectives of this study are to assess and compare differences in the intensity, frequency, and overall severity of moral distress among a diverse group of healthcare professionals.MethodsParticipants from within Baylor Health Care System completed an online seven-point Likert scale (range, 0 to 6) moral distress survey containing nine core clinical scenarios and additional scenarios specific to each participant’s discipline. Higher scores reflected greater intensity and/or frequency of moral distress.ResultsMore than 2,700 healthcare professionals responded to the survey (response rate 18.14 (...)
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  19.  39
    Suicide assisted by two Swiss right-to-die organisations.S. Fischer, C. A. Huber, L. Imhof, R. Mahrer Imhof & M. Furter - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (11):810-814.
    Background: In Switzerland, non-medical right-to-die organisations such as Exit Deutsche Schweiz and Dignitas offer suicide assistance to members suffering from incurable diseases.Objectives: First, to determine whether differences exist between the members who received assistance in suicide from Exit Deutsche Schweiz and Dignitas. Second, to investigate whether the practices of Exit Deutsche Schweiz have changed since the 1990s.Methods: This study analysed all cases of assisted suicide facilitated by Exit Deutsche Schweiz and Dignitas between 2001 and 2004 and investigated by the University (...)
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  20. The Logic of the Third Man.S. M. Cohen - 1999 - In Gail Fine (ed.), Plato, Volume 1: Metaphysics and Epistemology. Oxford University Press.
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  21. Life without Virtue: Economists Rule; Review Essay of Dani Rodrik's Economics Rules.S. M. Amadae - 2020 - Economic Issues 25 (2):51-70.
    This review essay of Economics Rules situates Dani Rodrik’s contribution with respect to the 2007–2008 global economic crisis. This financial meltdown, which the eurozone did not fully recover from before the Covid-19 pandemic, led to soul- searching among economists as well as a call for heterodox economic approaches. Yet, over the past decade, instead the economics profession has maintained its orthodoxy. Rodrik’s Economics Rules offers a critique of the economics profession that is castigating but mild. It calls for economists to (...)
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  22.  53
    The use of methylphenidate among students: the future of enhancement?S. M. Outram - 2010 - Journal of Medical Ethics 36 (4):198-202.
    During the past few years considerable debate has arisen within academic journals with respect to the use of smart drugs or cognitive enhancement pharmaceuticals. The following paper seeks to examine the foundations of this cognitive enhancement debate using the example of methylphenidate use among college students. The argument taken is that much of the enhancement debate rests upon inflated assumptions about the ability of such drugs to enhance and over-estimations of either the size of the current market for such drugs (...)
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  23. National Populist Challenges to Europe’s Center Right: Three Questions for Europe.S. M. Amadae & Henri Aaltonen - 2019 - In Antti Ronkainen & Juri Mykkänen (eds.), Vapiseva Eurooppa. pp. 225-240.
    This paper analyses the National Populist Challenges to Europe’s Center Right. It assesses the cases of the UK, Germany and France. It poses three questions for Europe: How will political integration be achieved and maintained? What policies will foster economic inclusion in the Eurozone? And, third, what are the best means to achieve economic solvency and growth. The paper make a case that neoliberal economic policies over the past decades have undermined some nations' public sector and have also contributed to (...)
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  24. Utility, Universality, and Impartiality in Adam Smith’s Jurisprudence.S. M. Amadae - 2008 - The Adam Smith Review 4:238-246.
    This paper examines how the concepts of utility, impartiality, and universality worked together to form the foundation of Adam Smith's jurisprudence. It argues that the theory of utility consistent with contemporary rational choice theory is insufficient to account for Smith's use of utility. Smith's jurisprudence relies on the impartial spectator's sympathetic judgment over whether third parties are injured, and not individuals' expected utility associated with individuals' expected gains from rendering judgments over innocence or guilt.
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  25.  56
    Armstrong’s Theory of Laws and Causation: Putting Things into their Proper Places.S. M. Hassan A. Shirazi - 2018 - Problemos 94:61.
    [full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] Armstrong’s theory of laws and causation may be articulated as something like the following, which we may refer to as the received view: “Laws are intrinsic higher-order relations of ensuring between properties. The instantiation of laws is identical with singular causation. This identity is a posteriori.” Opponents and advocates of this view, believe that it may fairly and correctly be attributed to Armstrong. I do not deny it; instead I seek to reconsider (...)
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  26.  26
    Implicit evaluation bias induced by approach and avoidance.M. L. Woud, E. S. Becker & M. Rinck - 2011 - Cognition and Emotion 25 (7):1309-1310.
  27.  50
    Hesiod's Pandora.S. M. Adams - 1932 - The Classical Review 46 (05):193-196.
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  28.  25
    Virtue Ethics: A Pluralistic View.S. M. Gardiner - 2005 - Mind 114 (453):207-212.
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  29.  32
    Mere exposure effect: A consequence of direct and indirect fluency–preference links☆.S. WillemS & M. Vanderlinden - 2006 - Consciousness and Cognition 15 (2):323-341.
    In three experiments, picture quality between test items was manipulated to examine whether subjects’ expectations about the fluency normally associated with these different stimuli might influence the effects of fluency on preference or familiarity-based recognition responses. The results showed that fluency due to pre-exposure influenced responses less when objects were presented with high picture quality, suggesting that attributions of fluency to preference and familiarity are adjusted according to expectations about the different test pictures. However, this expectations influence depended on subjects’ (...)
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  30.  6
    Evgeniĭ Nikolaevich Trubet︠s︡koĭ.S. M. Polovinkin & T. G. Shchedrina (eds.) - 2014 - Moskva: ROSSPĖN.
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  31.  38
    Evaluating solutions to sponsorship bias.M. Doucet & S. Sismondo - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (8):627-630.
    More than 40 primary studies, and three recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses, have shown a clear association between pharmaceutical industry funding of clinical trials and pro-industry results. Industry sponsorship biases published scientific research in favour of the sponsors, a result of the strong interest commercial sponsors have in obtaining favourable results.Three proposed remedies to this problem are widely agreed upon among those concerned with the level of sponsorship bias: financial disclosure, reporting standards and trial registries. This paper argues that all (...)
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  32.  15
    Ramsey ultrafilters and the reaping number—con(r.M. Goldstern & S. Shelah - 1990 - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 49 (2):121-142.
    We show that it is consistent that the reaping number r is less than u , the size of the smallest base for an ultrafilter. To show that our forcing preserves certain ultrafilters, we prove a general partition theorem involving Ramsey ideals.
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  33. Towards a mechanistic theory of dialog.M. J. Pickering & S. C. Garrod - 2004 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7 (2):169-190.
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  34. Comment in favor of Susan Gubar's' What Ails Feminist Criticism?'.S. M. Gilbert - 1999 - Critical Inquiry 25 (2):400-401.
  35.  19
    Exploration of Complex Dynamics for Cournot Oligopoly Game with Differentiated Products.S. S. Askar, Mona F. El-Wakeel & M. A. Alrodaini - 2018 - Complexity 2018:1-13.
    This paper proposes a Cournot game organized by three competing firms adopting bounded rationality. According to the marginal profit in the past time step, each firm tries to update its production using local knowledge. In this game, a firm’s preference is represented by a utility function that is derived from a constant elasticity of substitution production function. The game is modeled by a 3-dimensional discrete dynamical system. The equilibria of the system are numerically studied to detect their complex characteristics due (...)
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  36.  20
    Perceived responsibility in AI-supported medicine.S. Krügel, J. Ammeling, M. Aubreville, A. Fritz, A. Kießig & Matthias Uhl - forthcoming - AI and Society:1-11.
    In a representative vignette study in Germany with 1,653 respondents, we investigated laypeople’s attribution of moral responsibility in collaborative medical diagnosis. Specifically, we compare people’s judgments in a setting in which physicians are supported by an AI-based recommender system to a setting in which they are supported by a human colleague. It turns out that people tend to attribute moral responsibility to the artificial agent, although this is traditionally considered a category mistake in normative ethics. This tendency is stronger when (...)
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  37. Autonomy and Machine Learning as Risk Factors at the Interface of Nuclear Weapons, Computers and People.S. M. Amadae & Shahar Avin - 2019 - In Vincent Boulanin (ed.), The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Strategic Stability and Nuclear Risk: Euro-Atlantic Perspectives. Stockholm: SIPRI. pp. 105-118.
    This article assesses how autonomy and machine learning impact the existential risk of nuclear war. It situates the problem of cyber security, which proceeds by stealth, within the larger context of nuclear deterrence, which is effective when it functions with transparency and credibility. Cyber vulnerabilities poses new weaknesses to the strategic stability provided by nuclear deterrence. This article offers best practices for the use of computer and information technologies integrated into nuclear weapons systems. Focusing on nuclear command and control, avoiding (...)
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  38. .S. M. - manuscript
     
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  39.  20
    Re‐thinking the complexities of ‘culture’: what might we learn from Bourdieu?M. Judith Lynam, A. J. Browne, S. Reimer Kirkham & J. M. Anderson - 2007 - Nursing Inquiry 14 (1):23-34.
    In this paper we continue an ongoing dialogue that has as its goal the critical appraisal of theoretical perspectives on culture and health, in an effort to move forward scholarship on culture and health. We draw upon a programme of scholarship to explicate theoretical tensions and challenges that are manifest in the discourses on culture and health and to explore the possibilities Bourdieu's theoretical perspective offers for reconciling them. That is, we hope to demonstrate the need to move beyond descriptions (...)
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  40.  49
    Communal Ownership and Kant’s Theory of Right.S. M. Love - 2020 - Kantian Review 25 (3):415-440.
    The article argues that Kant’s argument for ownership entails a standard of meaningful use by which property regimes can be evaluated: a regime must make it possible for usable objects to be meaningfully used. A particular form of fully communal ownership can satisfy this standard. Further, this form of communal ownership is compatible with Kantian freedom more broadly. I conclude that, if this is so, there is a great deal of space for further consideration of the rightfulness of diverse regimes (...)
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  41. Defeating evil from within+ Gershom Scholem's influence on Jewish historiography and the history of religions: Comparative perspectives on'Redemption through Sin'.S. M. Wasserstrom - 1997 - Journal of Jewish Thought and Philosophy 6 (1):37-57.
     
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  42. Bioethics and history.M. S. Pernick - 2008 - In Robert B. Baker & Laurence B. McCullough (eds.), The Cambridge world history of medical ethics. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 16--20.
     
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  43. Disability, gene therapy and eugenics - a challenge to John Harris.S. M. Reindal - 2000 - Journal of Medical Ethics 26 (2):89 - 94.
    This article challenges the view of disability presented by Harris in his article, “Is gene therapy a form of eugenics?”1 It is argued that his definition of disability rests on an individual model of disability, where disability is regarded as a product of biological determinism or “personal tragedy” in the individual. Within disability theory this view is often called “the medical model” and it has been criticised for not being able to deal with the term “disability”, but only with impairment. (...)
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  44.  61
    Kant After Marx.S. M. Love - 2017 - Kantian Review 22 (4):579-598.
    While there are many points of opposition between the political philosophies of Marx and Kant, the two can greatly benefit from one another in various ways. Bringing the ideas of Marx and Kant together offers a promising way forward for each view. Most significantly, a powerful critique of capitalism can be developed from their combined thought: Kant’s political philosophy offers a robust idea of freedom to ground this critique, while Marx provides the nuanced understanding of social and political power structures (...)
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  45.  26
    A Cognitive Neuroscience of Alzheimer's Disease: What Can Be Learned from Studies of visual Imagery?S. M. Kosslyn & I. E. Dror - 1992 - In Y. Christen & P.S. Churchland (eds.), Neurophilosophy and Alzheimer's Disease. Springer Verlag. pp. 49--59.
  46.  8
    The dialectic of knowledge and reality in Indain [i.e. Indian] philosophy: Kundakunda, Nāgārjuna, Gauḍapāda, and Śaṅkara.S. M. Shaha - 1987 - Delhi, India: Eastern Book Linkers.
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    Про підвищення якості сучасної вищої освіти і духовно-морального виховання молоді: Німецький та інший європейський досвід.S. V. Blaginina, S. P. Pylypenko & O. M. Osnatch - 2019 - Гуманітарний Вісник Запорізької Державної Інженерної Академії 75:90-104.
    The relevance of the study has two sides — individual and general. In its essential aspect, it is the development of achievements of predecessors by consistently taking into account the latest data on trends and changes in the interconnected spheres of education, economics and culture. In the individual aspect, it is about improving the professional means of improving the efficiency of teaching foreign languages in order to form students with a high level of linguistic-professional competence. Public relevance is the goal (...)
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  48. Economics Imperialism Reconsidered.S. M. Amadae - 2018 - In Uskali Mäki, Adrian Walsh & Manuela Fernández Pinto (eds.), Scientific Imperialism: Exploring the Boundaries of Interdisciplinarity. Routledge. pp. 140-160.
    This chapter uses Uskali Mäki’s (2009) concepts of “good” and “bad” imperialism to investigate the “economics imperialism” thesis. If science expands by offering (a) consilience, and (b) epistemological and ontological unity – that is, it explains more phenomena with greater parsimony – then this is good scientific expansion. Economics imperialism is only bad if the methodology of economics expands outside its domain without increasing understanding in the above manners.
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  49.  24
    Online Education: Values Dilemma in Business and the Search for Empathic Engagement.S. M. Natale & A. F. Libertella - 2016 - Journal of Business Ethics 138 (1):175-184.
    Online education lacks the moral and ethical engagement as well as the empathic interactions that are essential and integral to true liberal education, including business. While the online venue can provide useful information and put libraries at the hands of the student or employee, there is an implicit lack of focus on the sacredness and centrality of the person, his or her values, attitudes, needs, and expectations. The focus of online education is on the delivery of data, not the student’s (...)
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  50.  19
    Some Fragments of Galen's on Dispositions(Περί θἠν) in Arabic.S. M. Stern - 1956 - Classical Quarterly 6 (1-2):91-101.
    The Greek original of Galen's is lost, nor has a copy of the complete translation into Arabic, made by Hunayn b. Ishāq in the first half of the ninth century, come down to us, though some passages of it are quoted by various Arab authors. A summary of the translation, however, was discovered by P. Kraus in a miscellaneous manuscript in Cairo and published by him in the Bulletin of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Egypt, vol. v/i.
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