Results for 'Sophie Botros'

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  1.  14
    Truth, Time and History: A Philosophical Inquiry.Sophie Botros - 2017 - London, UK: Bloomsbury Academic.
    This book investigates the reality of the past by connecting arguments across areas which are conventionally discussed in isolation from each other. Breaking the impasse within the narrower analytic debate between Dummett’s semantic anti-realists and the truth value link realists as to whether the past exists independently of our methods of verification, it is argued, through an examination of the puzzles concerning identity over time, that only the present exists. Drawing on Lewis’s analogy between times and possible worlds, and work (...)
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  2.  25
    Acts, Omissions and Keeping Patients Alive in a Persistent Vegetative State: Sophie Botros.Sophie Botros - 1995 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 38:99-119.
    There are many conflicting attitudes to technological progress: some people are fearful that robots will soon take over, even perhaps making ethical decisions for us, whilst others enthusiastically embrace a future largely run for us by them. Still others insist that we cannot predict the long term outcome of present technological developments. In this paper I shall be concerned with the impact of the new technology on medicine, and with one particularly agonizing ethical dilemma to which it has already given (...)
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  3. Hume, Reason and Morality: A Legacy of Contradiction.Sophie Botros - 2006 - Philosophy 81 (318):682-685.
  4.  84
    Acceptance and Morality.Sophie Botros - 1983 - Philosophy 58 (226):433 - 453.
    As a moral ideal, accepting the circumstances of one's life and its attendant miseries is, if not positively repugnant to modern ears, at least utterly puzzling. Historians might attempt to trace this aversion to the French Rationalists and English Utilitarians who believed that once the laws of human behaviour were discovered all social problems would be solved and who even tried to establish communities in which unhappiness would simply be eradicated. In this optimistic climate of social engineering, when it began (...)
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  5.  19
    From Morality to Virtue By Michael Slote Oxford University Press, 1992, pp. x+267, £30.00.Sophie Botros - 1995 - Philosophy 70 (272):290-.
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  6.  64
    Hume's Morality: Feeling and Fabrication.Sophie Botros - 2012 - Philosophical Review 121 (1):131-137.
    Hume's project, in Book 3 of the Treatise, of showing that virtue and vice are discerned by feeling, not reason, is notorious for its contradictions. Armies of Humean scholars have fought valiantly, ingeniously, but unsuccessfully, to resolve them, and in the first half of Hume's Morality, Cohon shows herself an admirably doughty follower in their footsteps. The second half concerns Hume's division between natural and artificial virtues. We learn how self-interest is redirected, and moral sentiment strengthened to provide artificial virtues (...)
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  7.  78
    Hume, Reason and Morality: A Legacy of Contradiction.Sophie Botros - 2005 - New York: Routledge.
    Covering an important theme in Humean studies, this book focuses on Hume's hugely influential attempt in book three of his _Treatise of Human Nature _to derive the conclusion that morality is a matter of feeling, not reason, from its link with action. Claiming that Hume's argument contains a fundamental contradiction that has gone unnoticed in modern debate, this fascinating volume contains a refreshing combination of historical-scholarly work and contemporary analysis that seeks to expose this contradiction and therefore provide a significant (...)
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  8. Freedom, Causality, Fatalism and Early Stoic Philosophy.Sophie Botros - 1985 - Phronesis 30 (3):274-304.
  9.  29
    Acts, omissions, and keeping patients alive in a persistent vegetative state.Sophie Botros - 1995 - In Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 99-119.
    There are many conflicting attitudes to technological progress: some people are fearful that robots will soon take over, even perhaps making ethical decisions for us, whilst others enthusiastically embrace a future largely run for us by them. Still others insist that we cannot predict the long term outcome of present technological developments. In this paper I shall be concerned with the impact of the new technology on medicine, and with one particularly agonizing ethical dilemma to which it has already given (...)
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  10. Philosophy and Technology.Sophie Botros - 1995 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  11.  93
    An error about the doctrine of double effect: A response to Kaufman's reply to Botros.Sophie Botros - 2001 - Philosophy 76 (2):304-311.
    In replying to my article ‘An Error about the Doctrine of Double Effect’, Kaufman claims that the permission given by the four-condition Doctrine for certain mixed actions is merely complementary to an absolute prohibition—which he claims is the DDE's primary function. I point out again that in many cases this makes an appeal to the DDE's fourth condition not merely redundant but incoherent. Furthermore, his claim that I am a utilitarian maximizer, frustrated by a doctrine prohibiting intentional harms, however great (...)
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  12.  18
    The Gentleman In Trollope: Individuality and Moral Conduct.Sophie Botros & Shirley Robin Letwin - 1983 - Philosophical Quarterly 33 (133):408.
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  13.  97
    An error about the doctrine of double effect.Sophie Botros - 1999 - Philosophy 74 (1):71-83.
    This paper claims as erroneous the current widespread representation of the Doctrine of Double Effect (DDE) as primarily condemning as intrinsically bad actions involving intentional harm. The DDE's Four Conditions are in fact used solely for justifying certain intrinsically good actions with both intended good and unintended bad effects. Though contemporary writers assign a minor justificatory role to the DDE this is incompatible with their attribution to it of a primary prohibitive role. Not only is the conduct cited by these (...)
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  14. Hume, Justice and Sympathy: A Reversal of the Natural Order?Sophie Botros - 2015 - Diametros 44:110-139.
    Hume’s view that the object of moral feeling is a natural passion, motivating action, causes problems for justice. There is apparently no appropriate natural motive, whilst, if there were, its “partiality” would unfit it to ground the requisite impartial approval. We offer a critique of such solutions as that the missing non-moral motive is enlightened self-interest, or that it is feigned, or that it consists in a just disposition. We reject Cohon’s postulation of a moral motive for just acts, and (...)
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  15.  18
    Agency and Necessity.Sophie Botros - 1988 - Philosophical Books 29 (2):94-96.
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  16.  14
    Ethics and Human Action in Early Stoicism.Sophie Botros - 1986 - Philosophical Books 27 (3):142-144.
  17.  43
    On a supposed contradiction in Hume.Sophie Botros - 2007 - Philosophy 82 (4):643-646.
    One of the most powerful arguments in meta-ethics today is that of Treatise, Book 3, in which Hume seeks to show that morality's practical influence precludes its being based on reason. H.O. Mounce, in his review of my Hume, Reason and Morality: A Legacy of Contradiction, rejects my central contention that this argument contains a contradiction. This review is however flawed on several counts.
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  18.  5
    On a Supposed Contradiction in Hume.Sophie Botros & H. O. Mounce - 2007 - Philosophy 82 (4):643-646.
    One of the most powerful arguments in meta-ethics today is that of Treatise, Book 3, in which Hume seeks to show that morality's practical influence precludes its being based on reason. H.O. Mounce, in his review1 of my Hume, Reason and Morality: A Legacy of Contradiction,2 rejects my central contention that this argument contains a contradiction. This review is however flawed on several counts.
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  19. Feeling and Fabrication. [REVIEW]Sophie Botros - 2008 - Hume Studies 34 (2):257-266.
    Hume's project, in Book 3 of the Treatise, of showing that virtue and vice are discerned by feeling, not reason, is notorious for its contradictions. Armies of Humean scholars have fought valiantly, ingeniously, but unsuccessfully, to resolve them, and in the first half of Hume's Morality, Cohon shows herself an admirably doughty follower in their footsteps. The second half concerns Hume's division between natural and artificial virtues. We learn how self-interest is redirected, and moral sentiment strengthened to provide artificial virtues (...)
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  20. David Hume. An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding and Other Writings. Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy, ed. Stephen Buckle. [REVIEW]Sophie Botros - 2008 - Hume Studies 34 (2):289.
  21.  40
    The Cautious Jealous Virtue. [REVIEW]Sophie Botros - 2012 - Review of Metaphysics 65 (3):641-642.
  22.  21
    Precarious virtue. [REVIEW]Sophie Botros - 1987 - Phronesis 32 (1):101-131.
  23.  12
    No Title available: New Books. [REVIEW]Sophie Botros - 1995 - Philosophy 70 (272):290-292.
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  24.  12
    Review: Precarious Virtue. [REVIEW]Sophie Botros - 1987 - Phronesis 32 (1):101 - 131.
  25.  3
    From Morality to Virtue By Michael Slote Oxford University Press, 1992, pp. x+267, £30.00. [REVIEW]Sophie Botros - 1995 - Philosophy 70 (272):290-292.
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  26.  11
    Shirley R. Letwin, "The Gentleman in Trollope: Individuality and Moral Conduct". [REVIEW]Sophie Botros - 1983 - Philosophical Quarterly 33 (33):408.
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  27.  46
    On a purported error about the doctrine of double effect: A reply to Sophie Botros.Whitley R. P. Kaufman - 2000 - Philosophy 75 (2):283-295.
    In a recent edition of the journal Philosophy, Sophie Botros asserts that modern ethical theorists have badly misunderstood the role of the Doctrine of Double Effect, turning it into a device by which to prohibit actions which are deemed impermissible; whereas the true function of the Doctrine is rather one of justifying actions. In my reply, I argue that Dr Botros has misunderstood the Doctrine: that its ‘prohibitive’ and its ‘justificatory’ roles are merely two sides of the (...)
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  28.  41
    Review of Sophie Botros, Hume, Reason and Morality: A Legacy of Contradiction[REVIEW]Tamra Frei - 2006 - Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2006 (9).
  29.  13
    Truth, Time and History: A Philosophical Inquiry By Sophie Botros Bloomsbury Academic, 2017.Sina Talachian - 2019 - Philosophy 94 (3):489-491.
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  30.  22
    The comprehensibility of the world by Nicholas Maxwell clarendon press, oxford, XV + 316pp. On a purported error about the doctrine of double effect: A reply to Sophie Botros.Friedel Weinert - 2000 - Philosophy 75 (2):296-312.
  31.  28
    Hume, reason and morality: A legacy of contradiction - by Sophie Botros.James Somerville - 2008 - Philosophical Books 49 (2):147-148.
  32.  1
    The Comprehensibility of the World By Nicholas Maxwell Clarendon Press, Oxford, xv + 316pp. On a Purported Error About the Doctrine of Double Effect: A Reply to Sophie Botros[REVIEW]Friedel Weinert - 2000 - Philosophy 75 (2):296-312.
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  33.  41
    Reply to Botros.H. O. Mounce - 2007 - Philosophy 82 (4):647-648.
    Sophie Botros's criticism of my review depends in part on certain misprints which appear in the review as printed. In particular, words are omitted from my summary of her position. What I wrote was as follows.
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  34. Epistemic Akrasia.Sophie Horowitz - 2013 - Noûs 48 (4):718-744.
    Many views rely on the idea that it can never be rational to have high confidence in something like, “P, but my evidence doesn’t support P.” Call this idea the “Non-Akrasia Constraint”. Just as an akratic agent acts in a way she believes she ought not act, an epistemically akratic agent believes something that she believes is unsupported by her evidence. The Non-Akrasia Constraint says that ideally rational agents will never be epistemically akratic. In a number of recent papers, the (...)
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  35. The Truth Problem for Permissivism.Sophie Horowitz - 2019 - Journal of Philosophy 116 (5):237-262.
    Epistemologists often assume that rationality bears an important connection to the truth. In this paper I examine the implications of this commitment for permissivism: if rationality is a guide to the truth, can it also allow some leeway in how we should respond to our evidence? I first discuss a particular strategy for connecting permissive rationality and the truth, developed in a recent paper by Miriam Schoenfield. I argue that this limited truth-connection is unsatisfying, and the version of permissivism that (...)
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  36. Epistemic Value and the Jamesian Goals.Sophie Horowitz - 2018 - In Kristoffer Ahlstrom-Vij & Jeff Dunn (eds.), Epistemic Consequentialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    William James famously tells us that there are two main goals for rational believers: believing truth and avoiding error. I argues that epistemic consequentialism—in particular its embodiment in epistemic utility theory—seems to be well positioned to explain how epistemic agents might permissibly weight these goals differently and adopt different credences as a result. After all, practical versions of consequentialism render it permissible for agents with different goals to act differently in the same situation. -/- Nevertheless, I argue that epistemic consequentialism (...)
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  37. Immoderately rational.Sophie Horowitz - 2014 - Philosophical Studies 167 (1):41-56.
    Believing rationally is epistemically valuable, or so we tend to think. It’s something we strive for in our own beliefs, and we criticize others for falling short of it. We theorize about rationality, in part, because we want to be rational. But why? I argue that how we answer this question depends on how permissive our theory of rationality is. Impermissive and extremely permissive views can give good answers; moderately permissive views cannot.
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  38.  30
    Phenomenology of Plurality: Hannah Arendt on Political Intersubjectivity.Sophie Loidolt - 2017 - New York: Routledge.
    This book develops a unique phenomenology of plurality by introducing Hannah Arendt’s work into current debates taking place in the phenomenological tradition. Loidolt offers a systematic treatment of plurality that unites the fields of phenomenology, political theory, social ontology, and Arendt studies to offer new perspectives on key concepts such as intersubjectivity, selfhood, personhood, sociality, community, and conceptions of the "we." _Phenomenology of Plurality_ is an in-depth, phenomenological analysis of Arendt that represents a viable third way between the "modernist" and (...)
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  39.  67
    Tracking the Time Course of Word‐Frequency Effects in Auditory Word Recognition With Event‐Related Potentials.Sophie Dufour, Angèle Brunellière & Ulrich H. Frauenfelder - 2013 - Cognitive Science 37 (3):489-507.
    Although the word-frequency effect is one of the most established findings in spoken-word recognition, the precise processing locus of this effect is still a topic of debate. In this study, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to track the time course of the word-frequency effect. In addition, the neighborhood density effect, which is known to reflect mechanisms involved in word identification, was also examined. The ERP data showed a clear frequency effect as early as 350 ms from word onset on the (...)
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  40.  11
    Habituation and Dishabituation in Motor Behavior: Experiment and Neural Dynamic Model.Sophie Aerdker, Jing Feng & Gregor Schöner - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Does motor behavior early in development have the same signatures of habituation, dishabituation, and Spencer-Thompson dishabituation known from infant perception and cognition? And do these signatures explain the choice preferences in A not B motor decision tasks? We provide new empirical evidence that gives an affirmative answer to the first question together with a unified neural dynamic model that gives an affirmative answer to the second question.In the perceptual and cognitive domains, habituation is the weakening of an orientation response to (...)
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  41.  36
    A Critical Introduction to Properties.Sophie Allen - 2016 - London, UK: Bloomsbury.
    What determines qualitative sameness and difference? This book explores four principal accounts of the ontological basis of properties, including universals, trope theory, resemblance nominalism, and class nominalism, considering the assumptions and ontolological commitments which are required to make each into a plausible account of properties. -/- The latter half of the book investigates the applications of property theory and the different conceptions of properties which might be adopted with these in mind: first, the possibility and desirability of individuating properties, and (...)
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  42. Accuracy and Educated Guesses.Sophie Horowitz - 2019 - Oxford Studies in Epistemology 6.
    Credences, unlike full beliefs, can’t be true or false. So what makes credences more or less accurate? This chapter offers a new answer to this question: credences are accurate insofar as they license true educated guesses, and less accurate insofar as they license false educated guesses. This account is compatible with immodesty; : a rational agent will regard her own credences to be best for the purposes of making true educated guesses. The guessing account can also be used to justify (...)
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  43.  37
    Knowing What to Do: Imagination, Virtue, and Platonism in Ethics.Sophie Grace Chappell - 2017 - Oxford University Press.
    Sophie Grace Chappell develops a picture of what philosophical ethics can be like, once set aside from the idealising and reductive pressures of conventional moral theory. Her question is 'How are we to know what to do?', and the answer she defends is 'By developing our moral imaginations'.
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  44.  19
    Addressing or reinforcing injustice? Artificial amnion and placenta technology, loss-sensitive care and racial inequities in preterm birth.Sophie L. Schott, Faith Fletcher, Alice Story & April Adams - 2024 - Journal of Medical Ethics 50 (5):316-317.
    Preterm birth is defined as delivery occurring before 37 weeks gestation.1 Infants born prematurely have increased risks of morbidity and mortality throughout life, especially during the first year. These risks increase as the gestational age at birth decreases.2 Additionally, there are significant racial and ethnic differences in preterm birth rates. In 2022, the rate of preterm birth among non-Hispanic black women was approximately 50% higher than that observed in non-Hispanic white women.1 The outcomes for these infants are also disparate–preterm birth (...)
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  45.  13
    Du texte desEssais de montaigne.Sophie Peytavin - 2001 - Revue de Synthèse 122 (2-4):643-647.
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  46.  19
    S. Demri, V. Goranko, M. Lange, Temporal Logics in Computer Science — Finite-State Systems: Cambridge University Press 2016, pp. 752. ISBN-10: 1107028361 £90.00; ISBN-13: 978-1107028364; online ISBN: 978-1139236119 £85.50.Sophie Pinchinat - 2019 - Studia Logica 107 (5):1083-1088.
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  47.  36
    Epistemology for interdisciplinary research – shifting philosophical paradigms of science.Sophie Baalen & Mieke Boon - 2018 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 9 (1):1-28.
    In science policy, it is generally acknowledged that science-based problem-solving requires interdisciplinary research. For example, policy makers invest in funding programs such as Horizon 2020 that aim to stimulate interdisciplinary research. Yet the epistemological processes that lead to effective interdisciplinary research are poorly understood. This article aims at an epistemology for interdisciplinary research, in particular, IDR for solving ‘real-world’ problems. Focus is on the question why researchers experience cognitive and epistemic difficulties in conducting IDR. Based on a study of educational (...)
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  48.  47
    Conscientious objection in medical students: a questionnaire survey.Sophie L. M. Strickland - 2012 - Journal of Medical Ethics 38 (1):22-25.
    Objective To explore attitudes towards conscientious objections among medical students in the UK. Methods Medical students at St George's University of London, Cardiff University, King's College London and Leeds University were emailed a link to an anonymous online questionnaire, hosted by an online survey company. The questionnaire contained nine questions. A total of 733 medical students responded. Results Nearly half of the students in this survey stated that they believed in the right of doctors to conscientiously object to any procedure. (...)
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  49.  41
    Epiphanies: An Ethics of Experience.Sophie Grace Chappell - 2022 - Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Epiphanies is a philosophical exploration of epiphanies, peak experiences, 'wow moments', or ecstasies as they are sometimes called. What are epiphanies, and why do so many people so frequently experience them? Are they just transient phenomena in our brains, or are they the revelations of objective value that they very often seem to be? What do they tell us about the world, and about ourselves? How, if at all, do epiphanies fit in with our moral systems and our theories of (...)
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  50. Mental Causation and Ontology.Sophie Gibb, E. J. Lowe & Rögnvaldur Ingthorsson (eds.) - 2013 - Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Mental causation has been a hotly disputed topic in recent years, with reductive and non-reductive physicalists vying with each other and with dualists over how to accommodate, or else to challenge, two widely accepted metaphysical principles—the principle of the causal closure of the physical domain and the principle of causal non-overdetermination—which together appear to support reductive physicalism, despite the latter’s lack of intuitive appeal. Current debate about these matters appears to have reached something of an impasse, prompting the question of (...)
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