Results for 'Valerie Curtis'

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  1.  6
    Gaining Control: How Human Behavior Evolved.Robert Aunger & Valerie Curtis - 2015 - Oxford University Press.
    'Gaining control' tells the story of how human behavioral capacities evolved from those of other animal species. Exploring what is known about the psychological capacities of other groups of animals, the authors reconstruct a fascinating history of our own mental evolution. The result is a provocative and insightful book.
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  2. Kinds of behaviour.Robert Aunger & Valerie Curtis - 2008 - Biology and Philosophy 23 (3):317-345.
    Sciences able to identify appropriate analytical units for their domain, their natural kinds, have tended to be more progressive. In the biological sciences, evolutionary natural kinds are adaptations that can be identified by their common history of selection for some function. Human brains are the product of an evolutionary history of selection for component systems which produced behaviours that gave adaptive advantage to their hosts. These structures, behaviour production systems, are the natural kinds that psychology seeks. We argue these can (...)
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  3.  29
    Unintentional behaviour change.Robert Aunger & Valerie Curtis - 2014 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37 (4):418-418.
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  4. Aunger, Robert, and Valerie Curtis. 2015. Gaining Control: How Human Behavior Evolved. [REVIEW]Jennifer Vonk - 2017 - Evolutionary Studies in Imaginative Culture 1 (2):125-128.
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  5. Aesthetic Literacy vol I: a book for everyone.V. Vinogradovs (ed.) - 2022 - Melbourne: Mont Publishing House.
    Mont Publishing House and Valery Vino deliver the first volume of an eclectic collection in aesthetic education. Aesthetic Literacy is an experiment in philosophy of culture, and this volume features cross-genre contributions by: Theodore Gracyk (Minnesota), Babette Babich (Fordham), David Konstan (NYU), Katya Mandoki (UNAM), Arnold Berleant (Long Island), Jale Erzen (Middle East Tech), Curtis Carter (Marquette), Clive Cazeaux (Cardiff), Fabrizio Desideri (Florence), Ken-ichi Sasaki (Tokyo), and many others... -/- .
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  6.  47
    The role of answer fluency and perceptual fluency as metacognitive cues for initiating analytic thinking.Valerie A. Thompson, Jamie A. Prowse Turner, Gordon Pennycook, Linden J. Ball, Hannah Brack, Yael Ophir & Rakefet Ackerman - 2013 - Cognition 128 (2):237-251.
    Although widely studied in other domains, relatively little is known about the metacognitive processes that monitor and control behaviour during reasoning and decision-making. In this paper, we examined the conditions under which two fluency cues are used to monitor initial reasoning: answer fluency, or the speed with which the initial, intuitive answer is produced, and perceptual fluency, or the ease with which problems can be read. The first two experiments demonstrated that answer fluency reliably predicted Feeling of Rightness judgments to (...)
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  7.  23
    Fluid Biosemiotic Mechanisms Underlie Subconscious Habits.V. N. Alexander & Valerie Grimes - 2017 - Biosemiotics 10 (3):337-353.
    Although research into the biosemiotic mechanisms underlying the purposeful behavior of brainless living systems is extensive, researchers have not adequately described biosemiosis among neurons. As the conscious use of signs is well-covered by the various fields of semiotics, we focus on subconscious sign action. Subconscious semiotic habits, both functional and dysfunctional, may be created and reinforced in the brain not necessarily in a logical manner and not necessarily through repeated reinforcement. We review literature that suggests hypnosis may be effective in (...)
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  8.  67
    Analytic thinking: do you feel like it?Valerie Thompson & Kinga Morsanyi - 2012 - Mind and Society 11 (1):93-105.
    A major challenge for Dual Process Theories of reasoning is to predict the circumstances under which intuitive answers reached on the basis of Type 1 processing are kept or discarded in favour of analytic, Type 2 processing (Thompson 2009 ). We propose that a key determinant of the probability that Type 2 processes intervene is the affective response that accompanies Type 1 processing. This affective response arises from the fluency with which the initial answer is produced, such that fluently produced (...)
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  9.  7
    Recovering from Romance: Resocializing Love and Intimacy.Valerie Hey & Mary Evans - 2010 - European Journal of Women's Studies 17 (1):69-73.
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  10. Well-being: Psychological research for philosophers.Valerie Tiberius - 2006 - Philosophy Compass 1 (5):493–505.
    Well-being in the broadest sense is what we have when we are living lives that are not necessarily morally good, but good for us. In philosophy, well-being has been an important topic of inquiry for millennia. In psychology, well-being as a topic has been gathering steam very recently and this research is now at a stage that warrants the attention of philosophers. The most popular theories of well-being in the two fields are similar enough to suggest the possibility of interdisciplinary (...)
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  11.  94
    Wisdom revisited: a case study in normative theorizing.Valerie Tiberius & Jason Swartwood - 2011 - Philosophical Explorations 14 (3):277-295.
    Extensive discussions of practical wisdom are relatively rare in the philosophical literature these days. This is strange given the theoretical and practical importance of wisdom and, indeed, the etymology of the word "philosophy." In this paper, we remedy this inattention by proposing a methodology for developing a theory of wisdom and using this methodology to outline a viable theory. The methodology we favor is a version of wide reflective equilibrium. We begin with psychological research on folk intuitions about wisdom, which (...)
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  12. On the Normativity of Functions.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 2002 - In Andre Ariew, Robert Cummins & Mark Perlman (eds.), Functions: New Essays in the Philosophy of Psychology and Biology. Clarendon Press.
  13.  7
    Communal Beingness and Affect: An Exploration of Trauma in an Ex-industrial Community.Valerie Walkerdine - 2010 - Body and Society 16 (1):91-116.
    The article explores the place of affect in community relations with respect to trauma following the closure of a steelworks for a working-class community in the South Wales valleys in 2002. A review of sociological approaches to community demonstrates the poor handling of relational and affective aspects which, it is argued, are central to the way in which community relations were formed and provided a safe and containing skin against the uncertainty of industrial production. Using psychoanalytic approaches to affect which (...)
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  14.  67
    Food assistance through “surplus” food: Insights from an ethnographic study of food bank work.Valerie Tarasuk & Joan M. Eakin - 2005 - Agriculture and Human Values 22 (2):177-186.
    Abstract.In Canada, food assistance is provided through a widespread network of extra-governmental, community-based, charitable programs, popularly termed “food banks”. Most of the food they distribute has been donated by food producers, processors, and retailers or collected through appeals to the public. Some industry donations are of market quality, but many donations are “surplus” food that cannot be retailed. Drawing on insights from an ethnographic study of food bank work in southern Ontario, we examined how the structure and function of food (...)
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  15. On the normativity of functions.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 2002 - In Andre Ariew (ed.), Functions. Oxford University Press.
  16. Substance and procedure in theories of prudential value.Valerie Tiberius - 2007 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 85 (3):373 – 391.
    In this paper I argue that the debate between subjective and objective theories of prudential value obscures the way in which elements of both are needed for a comprehensive theory of prudential value. I suggest that we characterize these two types of theory in terms of their different aims: procedural (or subjective) theories give an account of the necessary conditions for something to count as good for a person, while substantive (or objective) theories give an account of what is good (...)
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  17.  26
    Locating Consciousness.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 1995 - John Benjamins.
    Spelling out in detail what we do and do not know about phenomenological experience, this book denies the common view of consciousness as a central decision...
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  18.  96
    Humean heroism: Value commitments and the source of normativity.Valerie Tiberius - 2000 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 81 (4):426–446.
    This paper addresses the question "In virtue of what do practical reasons have normative force or justificatory power?" There seems to be good reason to doubt that desires are the source of normativity. However, I argue that the reasons to be suspicious of desire-based accounts of normativity can be overcome by a sufficiently sophisticated account. The position I defend in this paper is one according to which desires, or more generally, proattitudes, do constitute values and provide rational justifications of actions (...)
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  19.  80
    Psychology's "binding problem" and possible neurobiological solutions.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 1994 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 1 (1):66-90.
    Given what we know about the segregated nature of the brain and the relative absence of multi-modal association areas in the cortex, how percepts become unified is not clear. However, if we could work out how and where the brain joins together segregated outputs, we would have a start in localizing the neuronal processes that correlate with conscious perceptual experiences. In this essay, I critically examine data relevant for understanding the neurophysiological underpinnings of perception. In particular, I examine the possibility (...)
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  20.  87
    In defense of reflection.Valerie Tiberius - 2013 - Philosophical Issues 23 (1):223-243.
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  21.  12
    Innovative Invective: Strength and Weakness in Horace’s Epodes and Quintilian’s Institutio Oratoria.Curtis Dozier - 2015 - American Journal of Philology 136 (2):313-352.
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  22.  86
    Virtue and practical deliberation.Valerie Tiberius - 2002 - Philosophical Studies 111 (2):147-172.
    The question of how to reason well is an important normative question,one which ultimately motivates some of our interest in the more abstracttopic of the principles of practical reason. It is this normative questionthat I propose to address by arguing that given the goal of an importantkind of deliberation, we will deliberate better if we develop certainvirtues. I give an account of the virtue of stability and I argue thatstability makes reasoners reason better. Further,I suggest at the end of the (...)
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  23.  20
    In Defense of a Different Taxonomy: A Reply to Owens.Valerie Walker - 1990 - Philosophical Review 99 (3):425 - 431.
  24.  28
    Workers in the New Economy: Transformation as Border Crossing.Valerie Walkerdine - 2006 - Ethos: Journal of the Society for Psychological Anthropology 34 (1):10-41.
  25.  88
    Full information and ideal deliberation.Valerie Tiberius - 1997 - Journal of Value Inquiry 31 (3):329-338.
    When we are confronted with choices we take to be important, choices that affect our more important ends or goals, we usually attempt to judge what would be best for us. We reflect on what is best for us when we have to decide such things as which college to attend, whether to go to graduate school or law school, whether to marry, or whether to take our parents in when they need care. When we make such decisions, we think (...)
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  26. Sisyphus's Boulder: Consciousness and the Limits of the Knowable.Eric Dietrich & Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 2004 - John Benjamins.
    In Sisyphus's Boulder, Eric Dietrich and Valerie Hardcastle argue that we will never get such a theory because consciousness has an essential property that..
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  27. Attention versus consciousness: A distinction with a difference.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 2003 - In Naoyuki Osaka (ed.), Neural Basis of Consciousness. John Benjamins. pp. 105.
  28.  11
    Eye-tracking IQ: Cognitive capacity and strategy use on a ratio-bias task.Valerie A. Thompson - 2021 - Cognition 208 (C):104523.
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  29.  11
    Reasoning strategy vs cognitive capacity as predictors of individual differences in reasoning performance.Valerie A. Thompson & Henry Markovits - 2021 - Cognition 217 (C):104866.
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  30. Why Be Moral? Can the Psychological Literature on Well-Being Shed any Light?Valerie Tiberius - 2013 - Res Philosophica 90 (3):347-364.
    In Plato’s dialogue the Republic, Glaucon challenges Socrates to prove that the just (or moral) life is better or more advantageous than the unjust one. Socrates’s answer to the challenge is notoriously unsatisfying. Could new research on well-being in philosophy and psychology allow us to do better? After distinguishing two different approaches to the question “why be moral?” I argue that while new research on well-being does not provide an answer that would satisfy Glaucon, it does shed light on the (...)
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  31.  33
    Normativism versus mechanism.Valerie A. Thompson - 2011 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34 (5):272-273.
    Using normative correctness as a diagnostic tool reduces the outcome of complex cognitive functions to a binary classification (normative or non-normative). It also focuses attention on outcomes, rather than processes, impeding the development of good cognitive theories. Given that both normative and non-normative responses may be produced by the same process, normativity is a poor indicator of underlying processes.
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  32.  91
    Practical Reason and the Stability Standard.Valerie Tiberius - 2002 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 5 (3):339-354.
    In this paper I argue that one of the standards that governs practical reasoning is the stability standard. The stability standard, I argue, is a norm that is constitutive of practical reasoning: insofar as we do not take violations of this norm to be relevant considerations, we do not count as engaged in reasoning at all. Furthermore, I argue that it is a standard we can explicitly employ in order to deliberate about our ends or desires themselves. Importantly, this standard (...)
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  33. The Binding Problem.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - manuscript
    It is important to separate the question of binding from the problem of consciousness. Undoubtedly, there are some close connections between the two: my conscious experience is of a bound unity. But my unconscious experiences -- subliminal impressions, masked primings, etc. -- might be bound too for all I know. Hence, some of the recent commentators speak too loosely when they talk of 40 Hz oscillations solving some problem of conscious perception.
     
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  34. The why of consciousness: A non-issue for materialists.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 1996 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 3 (1):7-13.
    In this essay, I hope to make clearer what the points of division between the materialists and the sceptics are. I argue that the rifts are quite deep and turn on basic differences in understanding the scientific enterprise. In section I, I outline the disagreements between David Chalmers and me, arguing that consciousness is not a brute fact about the world. In section II, I point out the fundamental difference between the materialists and the sceptics, suggesting that this difference is (...)
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  35. Wisdom and Perspective.Valerie Tiberius - 2005 - Journal of Philosophy 102 (4):163-182.
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  36.  27
    Thinking straight; principles of reasoning for readers and writers.Monroe Curtis Beardsley - 1966 - Englewood Cliffs, N.J.,: Prentice-Hall.
    A guide to developing logical thought and expression through discussion and exercises.
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  37.  35
    The role of answer fluency and perceptual fluency in the monitoring and control of reasoning: Reply to.Valerie A. Thompson, Rakefet Ackerman, Yael Sidi, Linden J. Ball, Gordon Pennycook & Jamie A. Prowse Turner - 2013 - Cognition 128 (2):256-258.
    In this reply, we provide an analysis of Alter et al. response to our earlier paper. In that paper, we reported difficulty in replicating Alter, Oppenheimer, Epley, and Eyre’s main finding, namely that a sense of disfluency produced by making stimuli difficult to perceive, increased accuracy on a variety of reasoning tasks. Alter, Oppenheimer, and Epley argue that we misunderstood the meaning of accuracy on these tasks, a claim that we reject. We argue and provide evidence that the tasks were (...)
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  38.  19
    The Binding Problem.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 2017 - In William Bechtel & George Graham (eds.), A Companion to Cognitive Science. Oxford, UK: Blackwell. pp. 553–565.
    Our brains process visual data in segregated, specialized cortical areas. As is commonly remarked, the brain processes the what and the where of its environment in separate, distal locations. Indeed, regarding the what information that the brain computes, it responds to edges, colors, and movements using different neuronal pathways. Moreover, so far as we can tell, there are no true association areas in our cortices. There are no convergence zones where information is pooled and united; there are no central neural (...)
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  39.  45
    Chess, Love, and Values.Valerie Tiberius - 2023 - Analysis 83 (1):123-134.
    Richard Kraut’s intriguing and provocative book, The Quality of Life, offers a sustained defence of strong experientialism (perhaps also a surprising defence, f.
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  40.  71
    Pleasure Gone Awry? A New Conceptualization of Chronic Pain and Addiction.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 2014 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 5 (1):71-85.
    I examine what happens in the brain when patients experience chronic pain and when subjects are addicted to alcohol. We can find important parallels between these two cases, and these parallels can perhaps point us toward new ways of treating (or at least understanding) both issues. Interestingly, we can understand both cases as our pleasure system gone awry. In brief, I argue that chronic pain and alcohol addiction both stem from a dysregulation in our brain’s reward structure. This dysregulation in (...)
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  41. How to understand the N in NCC.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 2000 - In Thomas Metzinger (ed.), Neural Correlates of Consciousness. MIT Press.
  42. How we get there from here: Dissolution of the binding problem.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 1996 - Journal of Mind and Behavior 17 (3):251-66.
    On the one hand, we think that our conscious perceptions are tied to some stage of whatever processing stream we have. On the other hand, we think that our conscious experiences have to resemble the computational states that instantiate them. However, nothing in our alleged stream resembles our experienced perceptions. Hence, a conflict. The question is: How can we go from what we know about neurons, their connections, and firing patterns, to explaining what conscious perceptual experiences are like? No intuitive (...)
     
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  43.  31
    It's ok to be complicated: The case of emotion.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 1999 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 6 (11-12):237-249.
    Since at least the time of Darwin, we have recognized that our human emotional life is very similar to the emotional life of other creatures. We all react in characteristic ways to emotionally valenced stimuli. Though other animals may not blush or cry, we all have prototypical ways of expressing anger, disgust, fear, sadness, happiness, and curiosity. In assuming that the neural circuits underlying these reactions are homologous or at least analogous across species, neurophysiologists and neuropsychologists have been able to (...)
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  44.  44
    Predicting the Self: Lessons from Schizophrenia.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 2019 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 10 (2):381-400.
    Newly developed Bayesian perspectives on schizophrenia hold out the promise that a common underlying mechanism can account for many, if not all, of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. If this is the case, then understanding how schizophrenic minds go awry could shine light on how healthy minds maintain a sense of self. This article investigates this Bayesian promise by examining whether the approach can indeed account for the difficulties with self-awareness experienced in schizophrenia. While I conclude that it cannot, I (...)
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  45.  41
    Traumatic Brain Injury, Neuroscience, and the Legal System.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 2014 - Neuroethics 8 (1):55-64.
    This essay addresses the question: What is the probative value of including neuroscience data in court cases where the defendant might have had a traumatic brain injury? That is, this essay attempts to articulate how well we can connect scientific data and clinical test results to the demands of the Daubert standard in the United States’ court system, and, given the fact that neuroimaging is already being used in our courts, what, if anything, we should do about this fact. Ultimately, (...)
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  46.  93
    The image of observables.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 1994 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 45 (2):585-597.
    This paper challenges a central tenet of constructive empiricism, namely that empirical adequacy has a privileged epistemic status. I argue that perceptions of observables are theory-wrought, and theory-wrought in the same ways as the observation sentences we use to describe those perceptions, van Fraassen can draw no privileged or fundamental distinction between what we observe and interpreting those observations through theory. Since empirical adequacy depends upon accurately describing what we observe, and we have no theory-independent reason to believe that what (...)
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  47.  30
    The naturalists versus the skeptics: The debate over a scientific understanding of consciousness.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 1993 - Journal of Mind and Behavior 14 (1):27-50.
    There are three basic skeptical arguments against developing a scientific theory of consciousness: theory cannot capture a first person perspective; consciousness is causally inert with respect to explaining cognition; and the notion "consciousness" is too vague to be a natural kind term. Although I am sympathetic to naturalists' counter-arguments, I also believe that most of the accounts given so far of how explaining consciousness would fit into science are incorrect. In this essay, I indicate errors my colleagues on both sides (...)
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  48. Theory structure in neuroscience.Valerie Gray Hardcastle & C. Matthew Stewart - 2001 - In Peter McLaughlin, Peter Machamer & Rick Grush (eds.), Theory and Method in the Neurosciences. Pittsburgh University Press.
     
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  49.  56
    Pain, Depression, and Goal-Fulfillment Theories of Ill-Being.Valerie Tiberius & Colin G. DeYoung - 2022 - Midwest Studies in Philosophy 46:165-191.
    The idea that what is intrinsically good for people must be something they want or care about is a compelling one. Goal-fulfillment theories of well-being, which make this idea their central tenet, have a lot going for them. They offer a good explanation of why we tend to be motivated to pursue what’s good for us, and they seem to best explain how well-being is especially related to individual subjects. Yet such theories have been under attack recently for not being (...)
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  50.  34
    It Isn't as Simple as It Seems: Understanding and Treating Psychopathy.Valerie Gray Hardcastle - 2013 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 4 (2):12-13.
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