Results for 'Larry Wasserman'

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  1. Comments on Shafer's``perspectives on the theory and practice of belief functions''.Larry Wasserman - 1992 - International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 6 (2):367--375.
     
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  2.  37
    Evidence of systematic expressed sequence tag IMAGE clone cross-hybridization on cDNA microarrays.Larry Wasserman - unknown
    We present evidence of a potentially serious source of error intrinsic to all spotted cDNA microarrays that use IMAGE clones of expressed sequence tags (ESTs). We found that a high proportion of these EST sequences contain 5V-end poly(dT) sequences that are remnants from the oligo(dT)-primed reverse transcription of polyadenylated mRNA templates used to generate EST cDNA for sequence clone libraries. Analysis of expression data from two single-dye cDNA microarray experiments showed that ESTs whose sequences contain repeats of consecutive 5V- end (...)
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  3.  78
    Divisive conditioning: Further results on dilation.Timothy Herron, Teddy Seidenfeld & Larry Wasserman - 1997 - Philosophy of Science 64 (3):411-444.
    Conditioning can make imprecise probabilities uniformly more imprecise. We call this effect "dilation". In a previous paper (1993), Seidenfeld and Wasserman established some basic results about dilation. In this paper we further investigate dilation on several models. In particular, we consider conditions under which dilation persists under marginalization and we quantify the degree of dilation. We also show that dilation manifests itself asymptotically in certain robust Bayesian models and we characterize the rate at which dilation occurs.
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  4.  42
    The Extent of Dilation of Sets of Probabilities and the Asymptotics of Robust Bayesian Inference.Timothy Herron, Teddy Seidenfeld & Larry Wasserman - 1994 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1994:250 - 259.
    We report two issues concerning diverging sets of Bayesian (conditional) probabilities-divergence of "posteriors"-that can result with increasing evidence. Consider a set P of probabilities typically, but not always, based on a set of Bayesian "priors." Fix E, an event of interest, and X, a random variable to be observed. With respect to P, when the set of conditional probabilities for E, given X, strictly contains the set of unconditional probabilities for E, for each possible outcome X = x, call this (...)
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  5.  25
    Analysis of Microarray Data for Treated Fat Cells.Nicoleta Serban, Larry Wasserman, David Peters, Peter Spirtes, Robert O'Doherty, Daniel Handley, Richard Scheines & Clark Glymour - unknown
    DNA microarrays are perfectly suited for comparing gene expression in different populations of cells. An important application of microarray techniques is identifying genes which are activated by a particular drug of interest. This process will allow biologists to identify therapies targeted to particular diseases, and, eventually, to gain more knowledge about the biological processes in organisms. Such an application is described in this paper. It is focused on diabetes and obesity, which is a genetically heterogeneous disease, meaning that multiple defective (...)
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  6. The Extent of Dilation of Sets of Probabilities and the Asymptotics of Robust Bayesian Inference.Timothy Herron, Teddy Seidenfeld & Larry Wasserman - 1994 - PSA Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1994 (1):250-259.
    We discuss two general issues concerning diverging sets of Bayesian (conditional) probabilities—divergence of “posteriors”—that can result with increasing evidence. Consider a setof probabilities typically, but not always, based on a set of Bayesian “priors.” Incorporating sets of probabilities, rather than relying on a single probability, is a useful way to provide a rigorous mathematical framework for studying sensitivity and robustness in Classical and Bayesian inference. See: Berger (1984, 1985, 1990); Lavine (1991); Huber and Strassen (1973); Walley (1991); and Wasserman (...)
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  7.  27
    The Limits of Causal Knowledge.James M. Robins, Richard Scheines, Peter Spirtes & Larry Wasserman - unknown
    James M. Robins, Richard Scheines, Peter Spirtes, and Larry Wasserman. The Limits of Causal Knowledge.
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  8. A confutation of convergent realism.Larry Laudan - 1981 - Philosophy of Science 48 (1):19-49.
    This essay contains a partial exploration of some key concepts associated with the epistemology of realist philosophies of science. It shows that neither reference nor approximate truth will do the explanatory jobs that realists expect of them. Equally, several widely-held realist theses about the nature of inter-theoretic relations and scientific progress are scrutinized and found wanting. Finally, it is argued that the history of science, far from confirming scientific realism, decisively confutes several extant versions of avowedly 'naturalistic' forms of scientific (...)
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  9.  28
    Autonomy-based criticisms of the patient preference predictor.E. J. Jardas, David Wasserman & David Wendler - 2022 - Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (5):304-310.
    The patient preference predictor is a proposed computer-based algorithm that would predict the treatment preferences of decisionally incapacitated patients. Incorporation of a PPP into the decision-making process has the potential to improve implementation of the substituted judgement standard by providing more accurate predictions of patients’ treatment preferences than reliance on surrogates alone. Yet, critics argue that methods for making treatment decisions for incapacitated patients should be judged on a number of factors beyond simply providing them with the treatments they would (...)
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  10. Functions.Larry Wright - 1973 - Philosophical Review 82 (2):139-168.
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  11. A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory.Larry L. Jacoby - 1991 - Journal of Memory and Language 30:513-41.
  12. Inequality.Larry S. Temkin - 1986 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 15 (2):99-121.
    Temkin presents a new way of thinking about equality and inequality that challenges the assumptions of philosophers, welfare economists, and others, and has significant implications on both a practical and theoretical level.
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  13. Empirical equivalence and underdetermination.Larry Laudan & Jarrett Leplin - 1991 - Journal of Philosophy 88 (9):449-472.
  14.  9
    Rethinking the Good: Moral Ideals and the Nature of Practical Reasoning.Larry S. Temkin - 2011 - , US: Oxford University Press USA.
    In choosing between moral alternatives -- choosing between various forms of ethical action -- we typically make calculations of the following kind: A is better than B; B is better than C; therefore A is better than C. These inferences use the principle of transitivity and are fundamental to many forms of practical and theoretical theorizing, not just in moral and ethical theory but in economics. Indeed they are so common as to be almost invisible. What Larry Temkin's book (...)
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  15. Intransitivity and the mere addition paradox.Larry S. Temkin - 1987 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 16 (2):138-187.
    In "Futurc Generations: Further Problems,"‘ and Part Four of Reasons and Persons} Derek Pariit raises many perplexing questions. Although some think his ingenious arguments little more than delightful puzzles, I believe they challenge some of our deepest beliefs. In this article, I examine some of Pariit’s arguments, focusing mainly on "The Mere Addition Paradox." If my analysis is correct, Parfit’s arguments have extremely interesting and important implications that not even Pariit rcalized. In Part I, I present ParHt’s argument for the (...)
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  16. Normative naturalism.Larry Laudan - 1990 - Philosophy of Science 57 (1):44-59.
    Normative naturalism is a view about the status of epistemology and philosophy of science; it is a meta-epistemology. It maintains that epistemology can both discharge its traditional normative role and nonetheless claim a sensitivity to empirical evidence. The first sections of this essay set out the central tenets of normative naturalism, both in its epistemic and its axiological dimensions; later sections respond to criticisms of that species of naturalism from Gerald Doppelt, Jarrett Leplin and Alex Rosenberg.
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  17. Remembering without awareness.Larry L. Jacoby & D. Witherspoon - 1982 - Canadian Journal of Psychology 36:300-324.
  18. Egalitarianism defended.Larry S. Temkin - 2003 - Ethics 113 (4):764-782.
    In "Equality, Priority, and Compassion," Roger Crisp rejects both egalitarianism and prioritarianism. Crisp contends that our concern for those who are badly off is best accounted for by appealing to "a sufficiency principle" based -- indirectly, via the notion of an impartial spectator -- on compassion for those who are badly off" (p. 745). A key example of Crisp's is the Beverly Hills case (discussed below). This example is directed against prioritarianism, but it also threatens egalitarianism. In this article, I (...)
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  19. Equality, priority or what?Larry S. Temkin - 2003 - Economics and Philosophy 19 (1):61-87.
    This paper aims to illuminate some issues in the equality, priority, or what debate. I characterize egalitarianism and prioritarianism, respond to the view that we should care about sufficiency or compassion rather than equality or priority, discuss the levelling down objection, and illustrate the significance of the distinction between prioritarianism and egalitarianism, establishing that the former is no substitute for the latter. In addition, I respond to Bertil Tungodden's views regarding the Slogan, the levelling down objection, the Pareto Principle, leximin, (...)
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  20. Lessons from Causal Exclusion.Larry Shapiro - 2010 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 81 (3):594-604.
    Jaegwon Kim’s causal exclusion argument has rarely been evaluated from an empirical perspective. This is puzzling because its conclusion seems to be making a testable claim about the world: supervenient properties are causally inefficacious. An empirical perspective, however, reveals Kim’s argument to rest on a mistaken conception about how to test whether a property is causally efficacious. Moreover, the empirical perspective makes visible a metaphysical bias that Kim brings to his argument that involves a principle of non-inclusion.
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  21. The embodied cognition research programme.Larry Shapiro - 2007 - Philosophy Compass 2 (2):338–346.
    Embodied Cognition is an approach to cognition that departs from traditional cognitive science in its reluctance to conceive of cognition as computational and in its emphasis on the significance of an organism's body in how and what the organism thinks. Three lines of embodied cognition research are described and some thoughts on the future of embodied cognition offered.
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  22. 1. three potential objections for Van Inwagen's model.Hud Hudson & Ryan Wasserman - 2010 - Oxford Studies in Metaphysics 5:41.
     
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  23. Unconscious influences of memory: Dissociations and automaticity.Larry L. Jacoby & Clarence M. Kelley - 1991 - In A. David Milner & M. D. Rugg (eds.), The Neuropsychology of Consciousness. Academic Press.
  24. Two dogmas of methodology.Larry Laudan - 1976 - Philosophy of Science 43 (4):585-597.
    This paper argues that it has been widely assumed by philosophers of science that the cumulative retention of explanatory success is a "sine qua non" for making judgements about the progress or rational preferability of one theory over another. It has also been assumed that it is impossible to make objective, Comparative judgements of the acceptability of rival theories unless all the statements of both theories could be translated into a common language. This paper seeks to show that both these (...)
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  25.  48
    Bodily Rights in Personal Ventilators?Sean Aas & David Wasserman - 2021 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 39 (1):73-86.
    This article asks whether personal ventilators should be redistributed to maximize lives saved in emergency condition, like the COVID-19 pandemic. It begins by examining extant claims that items like ventilators are literally parts of their user’s bodies. Arguments in favor of incorporation for ventilators fail to show that they meet valid sufficient conditions to be body parts, but arguments against incorporation also fail to show that they fail to meet clearly valid necessary conditions. Further progress on this issue awaits clarification (...)
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  26.  40
    The relation between conscious and unconscious (automatic) influences: A declaration of independence.Larry L. Jacoby, Andrew P. Yonelinas & J. M. Jennings - 1997 - In Jonathan D. Cohen & Jonathan W. Schooler (eds.), Scientific Approaches to Consciousness. Lawrence Erlbaum. pp. 13--47.
  27. From IF to IFF: Conditional perfection as pragmatic strengthening.Larry Horn - manuscript
  28.  96
    Discrimination and Disability.Sean Aas & David Wasserman - 2017 - In Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of the Ethics of Discrimination. New York: Routledge.
  29. Is living longer living better?Larry S. Temkin - 2008 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 25 (3):193-210.
    abstract Some day, perhaps soon, we may have genetic enhancements enabling us to conquer aging. Should we do so, if we can? I believe the topic is both interesting and important, and that it behoves us to think about it. Doing so may yield important insights about what we do care about, what we should care about, and how we should seek to live our lives, both individually and collectively. My central question is this: Is living longer, living better? My (...)
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  30. Explanation and teleology.Larry Wright - 1972 - Philosophy of Science 39 (2):204-218.
    This paper develops and draws the consequences of an etiological analysis of goal-directedness modeled on one that functions centrally in Charles Taylor's work on action. The author first presents, criticizes, and modifies Taylor's formulation, and then shows his modified formulation accounts easily for much of the fine-structure of teleological concepts and conceptualizations. Throughout, the author is at pains to show that teleological explanations are orthodox from an empiricist's point of view: they require nothing novel methodologically.
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  31. If It Ain’t Broke, Don’t Fix It.Larry Laudan - 1989 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 40 (3):369-375.
  32.  5
    What patients teach: the everyday ethics of health care.Larry R. Churchill - 2013 - New York: Oxford University Press. Edited by Joseph B. Fanning & David Schenck.
    Being a patient and living a life -- Clinical space and traits of healing -- False starts and frequent failures -- Three journeys : A.'Ibuprofen and love', B. 'Staying tuned up', C. 'We all want the same things' -- Being a patient : the moral field -- Rethinking healthcare ethics : the patient's moral authority.
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  33.  17
    The Future of Bioethics: It Shouldn't Take a Pandemic.Larry R. Churchill, Nancy M. P. King & Gail E. Henderson - 2020 - Hastings Center Report 50 (3):54-56.
    The Covid‐19 pandemic has concentrated bioethics attention on the “lifeboat ethics” of rationing and fair allocation of scarce medical resources, such as testing, intensive care unit beds, and ventilators. This focus drives ethics resources away from persistent and systemic problems—in particular, the structural injustices that give rise to health disparities affecting disadvantaged communities of color. Bioethics, long allied with academic medicine and highly attentive to individual decision‐making, has largely neglected its responsibility to address these difficult “upstream” issues. It is time (...)
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  34. Van Inwagen on Time Travel and Changing the Past.Hud Hudson & Ryan Wasserman - 2010 - Oxford Studies in Metaphysics: Volume 5 5:41.
     
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  35.  7
    The Ethicist in Professional Education.Larry R. Churchill - 1978 - Hastings Center Report 8 (6):13-15.
  36.  15
    Hilbert's 17th Problem for Real Closed Rings.Larry Mathews - 1994 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 40 (4):445-454.
    We recall the characterisation of positive definite polynomial functions over a real closed ring due to Dickmann, and give a new proof of this result, based upon ideas of Abraham Robinson. In addition we isolate the class of convexly ordered valuation rings for which this characterisation holds.
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  37.  7
    Ethics for Everyone: A Skills-Based Approach.Larry R. Churchill - 2020 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    "This book maps the moral terrain in the grounded reality of human experience without relying on theories or systems of ethics as the primary orienting strategy. Moral awareness needs first to be appreciated for what it is before it is made to conform to theories or systems. And moral consciousness is not a steady or stable set of perceptions; as we change so do the moral challenges that most concern us"--.
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  38.  70
    Toward a Fregean pragmatics: Voraussetzung, nebengedanke, andeutung.Larry Horn - manuscript
    In I. Kecskes & L. Horn (eds.) Explorations in Pragmatics: Linguistic, Cognitive, and Interculural Aspects. Mouton: 39-69.
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  39.  19
    Narrative Awareness in Ethics Consultations: The Ethics Consultant as Story‐Maker.Larry Churchill - 2014 - Hastings Center Report 44 (s1):36-39.
    Much has been written about the importance of narrative in teaching ethics and humanities to medical students and residents, as well as the value of narratives in clinical care. Relatively little has been said about the essential role of narrative in bioethics consultations. For most consults, the interpretation of narratives is the central moral feature, and the ethics consultant is inevitably one of the narrators. In a recent consult in which I participated, at least three narratives were in play. The (...)
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  40. Self-defense, justification and excuse.Larry Alexander - 1993 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 22 (1):53-66.
  41. Consensus, Stability, and Normativity in Rawls’s Political Liberalism.Larry Krasnoff - 1998 - Journal of Philosophy 95 (6):269-292.
  42.  91
    Law and Exclusionary Reasons.Larry Alexander - 1990 - Philosophical Topics 18 (1):5-22.
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  43. Time travel and changing the past.Larry Dwyer - 1975 - Philosophical Studies 27 (5):341 - 350.
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  44. Consciousness, mind, self: The implications of the split-brain studies.Larry W. Dewitt - 1976 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 27 (1):41-47.
  45.  17
    Assessing Benefits in Clinical Research: Why Diversity in Benefit Assessment Can Be Risky.Larry R. Churchill, Daniel K. Nelson, Gail E. Henderson, Nancy M. P. King, Arlene M. Davis, Erin Leahey & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2003 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 25 (3):1.
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  46.  38
    Genetic Research as Therapy: Implications of "Gene Therapy" for Informed Consent.Larry R. Churchill, Myra L. Collins, Nancy M. R. King, Stephen G. Pemberton & Keith A. Wailoo - 1998 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 26 (1):38-47.
    In March 1996, the General Accounting Office (GAO) issued the reportScientific Research: Continued Vigilance Critical to Protecting Human Subjects.It stated that “an inherent conflict of interest exists when physician-researchers include their patients in research protocols. If the physicians do not clearly distinguish between research and treatment in their attempt to inform subjects, the possible benefits of a study can be overemphasized and the risks minimized.” The report also acknowledged that “the line between research and treatment is not always cleartoclinicians. Controversy (...)
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  47.  31
    Genetic Research as Therapy: Implications of "Gene Therapy" for Informed Consent.Larry R. Churchill, Myra L. Collins, Nancy M. R. King, Stephen G. Pemberton & Keith A. Wailoo - 1998 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 26 (1):38-47.
    In March 1996, the General Accounting Office (GAO) issued the reportScientific Research: Continued Vigilance Critical to Protecting Human Subjects.It stated that “an inherent conflict of interest exists when physician-researchers include their patients in research protocols. If the physicians do not clearly distinguish between research and treatment in their attempt to inform subjects, the possible benefits of a study can be overemphasized and the risks minimized.” The report also acknowledged that “the line between research and treatment is not always cleartoclinicians. Controversy (...)
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  48.  45
    Physician-investigator/patient-subject: Exploring the logic and the tension.Larry R. Churchill - 1980 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 5 (3):215-224.
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  49.  3
    Why We Should Continue to Worry about the Therapeutic Misconception.Larry Churchill, Nancy King & Gail Henderson - 2013 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 24 (4):381-386.
    In a recent article in The Journal of Clinical Ethics, David Wendler argues that worries about the therapeutic misconception (TM) are not only misconceived, but detract from the larger agenda of a proper informed consent for subjects involved in clinical research. By contrast, we argue that Wendler mischaracterizes those who support TM research, and that his arguments are fragmentary, often illogical, and neglect a critical difference between clinical care and clinical research. A clear explanation about the chief aim of research (...)
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  50.  19
    Genetic Research as Therapy: Implications of “Gene Therapy” for Informed Consent.Larry R. Churchill, Myra L. Collins, Nancy M. P. King, Stephen G. Pemberton & Keith A. Wailoo - 1998 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 26 (1):38-47.
    In March 1996, the General Accounting Office issued the report Scientific Research: Continued Vigilance Critical to Protecting Human Subjects. It stated that “an inherent conflict of interest exists when physician-researchers include their patients in research protocols. If the physicians do not clearly distinguish between research and treatment in their attempt to inform subjects, the possible benefits of a study can be overemphasized and the risks minimized.” The report also acknowledged that “the line between research and treatment is not always clear (...)
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