Results for 'Tim Butzer'

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  1.  42
    Towards a Bayesian Account of Perceptual Competence.Tim Butzer - 2022 - Erkenntnis 87 (3):1043-1061.
    I offer an account of perceptual warrant according to which one’s basic perceptual beliefs are immediately and defeasibly warranted if they are formed on the basis of experiences produced by a competent perceptual system. I claim that sub-personal features of one’s perceptual systems can render one competent to perceptually represent a particular environment. When these conditions are met, one is warranted in forming beliefs on the basis of one’s perceptual experiences. I develop my account of perceptual warrant in the context (...)
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  2.  93
    Bootstrapping and dogmatism.Tim Butzer - 2017 - Philosophical Studies 174 (8):2083-2103.
    Dogmatists claim that having a perceptual experience as of p can provide one with immediate and defeasible warrant to believe that p. A persistent complaint against this position is that it sanctions an intuitively illicit form of reasoning: bootstrapping. I argue that dogmatism has no such commitments. Dogmatism is compatible with a principle that disallows the final non-deductive inference in the bootstrapping procedure. However, some authors have maintained that such strategy is doomed to failure because earlier stages of in the (...)
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  3.  19
    Entitlement, calamities and content: an objection to Tyler Burge's perceptual epistemology.Tim Butzer - forthcoming - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy.
    I criticize an account of perceptual warrant proposed by [Burge, Tyler. 2003. “Perceptual Entitlement.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 67 (3): 503–548]. Burge contends that a subject's beliefs are entitled only if that subject's perceptual system represents its normal environment in a reliably veridical manner. The normal environment, according to Burge, is the environment in which the contents of the subject's perceptual experiences were fixed. I present a case that shows that the contents of a subject's perceptual experiences can remain fixed (...)
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  4.  31
    Dodging the Perils of Dogmatism: A Response to Crispin Wright.Tim Butzer - 2018 - Dialectica 72 (4):549-569.
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  5.  25
    When Racially Biased Perception is Incompetent (and When it isn’t).Tim Butzer - forthcoming - Erkenntnis:1-24.
    I argue that racially biased perception can be incompetent in a way that undermines perceptual warrant. This can occur even when the subject is unaware of the influence of the bias upon their beliefs or when they possess no defeating evidence that makes it rational for them to doubt the accuracy of their perceptual experiences. When a subject’s racial bias causes their perceptual system to encode inaccurate information about their environment, or to process information in an epistemically incompetent manner, this (...)
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  6.  42
    What is a mathematical structure of conscious experience?Johannes Kleiner & Tim Ludwig - 2024 - Synthese 203 (3):1-23.
    Several promising approaches have been developed to represent conscious experience in terms of mathematical spaces and structures. What is missing, however, is an explicit definition of what a ‘mathematical structure of conscious experience’ is. Here, we propose such a definition. This definition provides a link between the abstract formal entities of mathematics and the concreta of conscious experience; it complements recent approaches that study quality spaces, qualia spaces, or phenomenal spaces; and it provides a general method to identify and investigate (...)
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  7. We are live creatures: embodiment, American pragmatism, and the cognitive organism.Mark Johnson & Tim Rohrer - 2017 - In Embodied Mind, Meaning, and Reason: How Our Bodies Give Rise to Understanding. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
     
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  8.  29
    The Moderating Effect of Individuals' Perceptions of Ethical Work Climate on Ethical Judgments and Behavioral Intentions.Barnett Tim & Vaicys Cheryl - 2000 - Journal of Business Ethics 27 (4):351-362.
    Dimensions of the ethical work climate, as conceptualized by Victor and Cullen (1988), are potentially important influences on individual ethical decision-making in the organizational context. The present study examined the direct and indirect effects of individuals' perceptions of work climate on their ethical judgments and behavioral intentions regarding an ethical dilemma. A national sample of marketers was surveyed in a scenario-based research study. The results indicated that, although perceived climate dimensions did not have a direct effect on behavioral intentions, there (...)
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  9.  57
    Absolutes and Particulars.Tim Chappell - 2004 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 54:95-117.
    [About the book] Although this collection of articles is not formally a commentary on Elizabeth Anscombe's famous article of the same title, in which she criticised the moral philosophy prevalent in 1958, a number of the contributors do take Anscombe's work as a starting point. Taken together the collection could be seen as a demonstration of the extent to which moral philosophers have since attempted to answer Anscombe's challenge, and to develop an approach to their subject which, while psychologically plausible, (...)
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  10.  96
    Realism and the strong program.Tim Lewens - 2005 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 56 (3):559-577.
    The four tenets of the Strong Program are compatible with a scientific realism founded on an externalist epistemology. Such an epistemology allows that appropriate norms of rationality may differ from time to time, and from community to community, and thereby enables the realist to embrace strong forms of the ‘symmetry principle’. It also suggests a fruitful collaborative research program in externalist social epistemology. Some of what the Edinburgh School says about truth can also be accepted. But the realist should reject (...)
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  11. Essential philosophy of psychiatry.Tim Thornton - 2007 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Essential Philosophy of Psychiatry is a concise introduction to the growing field of philosophy of psychiatry. Divided into three main aspects of psychiatric clinical judgement, values, meanings and facts, it examines the key debates about mental health care, and the philosophical ideas and tools needed to assess those debates, in six chapters. In addition to outlining the state of play, Essential Philosophy of Psychiatry presents a coherent and unified approach across the different debates, characterized by a rejection of reductionism and (...)
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  12.  66
    Adaptationism and engineering.Tim Lewens - 2002 - Biology and Philosophy 17 (1):1-31.
    The rights and wrongs of adaptationism areoften discussed by appeal to what I call theartefact model. Anti-adaptationistscomplain that the use of optimality modelling,reverse engineering and other techniques areindicative of a mistaken and outmoded beliefthat organisms are like well-designedartefacts. Adaptationists (e.g. Dennett 1995)respond with the assertion that viewingorganisms as though they were well designed isa fruitful, perhaps necessary research strategyin evolutionary biology. Anti-adaptationistsare right when they say that techniques likereverse engineering are liable to mislead. This fact does not undermine the artefact (...)
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  13. Radical liberal values‐based practice.Tim Thornton - 2011 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 17 (5):988-991.
    Values based practice is a radical view of the place of values in medicine which develops from a philosophical analysis of values, illness and the role of ethical principles. It denies two attractive and traditional views of medicine: that diagnosis is a merely factual matter and that the values that should guide treatment and management can be codified in principles. But it goes further in the adoption of a radical liberal view: that right or good outcome should be replaced by (...)
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  14.  90
    Inhabited Institutions: Social Interactions and Organizational Forms in Gouldner’s Patterns of Industrial Bureaucracy.Tim Hallett & Marc J. Ventresca - 2006 - Theory and Society 35 (2):213-236.
  15. Natural Separateness: Why Parfit's Reductionist Account of Persons Fails to Support Consequentialism.Tim Christie - 2009 - Journal of Moral Philosophy 6 (2):178-195.
    My goal in this essay will be to show, contra Parfit, that the separateness of human persons—although metaphysically shallow—has a moral significance that should not be overlooked. Parfit holds that his reductionist view of personal identity lends support to consequentialism; I reject this claim because it rests on the assumption that the separateness of human persons has an arbitrariness that renders it morally insignificant. This assumption is flawed because this separateness is grounded in our 'person practices', which reflect some of (...)
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  16. Why the idea of framework propositions cannot contribute to an understanding of delusions.Tim Thornton - 2007 - Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 7 (2):159-175.
    One of the tasks that recent philosophy of psychiatry has taken upon itself is to extend the range of understanding to some of those aspects of psychopathology that Jaspers deemed beyond its limits. Given the fundamental difficulties of offering a literal interpretation of the contents of primary delusions, a number of alternative strategies have been put forward including regarding them as abnormal versions of framework propositions described by Wittgenstein in On Certainty. But although framework propositions share some of the apparent (...)
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  17.  18
    The full spectrum of ethical issues in dementia research: findings of a systematic qualitative review.Tim G. Götzelmann, Daniel Strech & Hannes Kahrass - 2021 - BMC Medical Ethics 22 (1):1-11.
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  18. Moral Realism and Two-Dimensional Semantics.Tim Henning - 2011 - Ethics 121 (4):717-748.
    Moral realists can, and should, allow that the truth-conditional content of moral judgments is in part attitudinal. I develop a two-dimensional semantics that embraces attitudinal content while preserving realist convictions about the independence of moral facts from our attitudes. Relative to worlds “considered as counterfactual,” moral terms rigidly track objective, response-independent properties. But relative to different ways the actual world turns out to be, they nonrigidly track whatever properties turn out to be the objects of our relevant attitudes. This theory (...)
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  19. The Reverse Repugnant Conclusion.Tim Mulgan - 2002 - Utilitas 14 (3):360.
    Total utilitarianism implies Parfit's repugnant conclusion. For any world containing ten billion very happy people, there is a better world where a vast number of people have lives barely worth living. One common response is to claim that life in Parfit's Z is better than he suggests, and thus that his conclusion is not repugnant. This paper shows that this strategy cannot succeeed. Total utilitarianism also implies a reverse repugnant conclusion. For any world where ten billion people have lives of (...)
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  20. Cultural evolution : integration and scepticism.Tim Lewens - 2012 - In Harold Kincaid (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Social Science. Oxford University Press.
  21.  53
    Tacit knowledge as the unifying factor in evidence based medicine and clinical judgement.Tim Thornton - 2006 - Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 1:2.
    The paper outlines the role that tacit knowledge plays in what might seem to be an area of knowledge that can be made fully explicit or codified and which forms a central element of Evidence Based Medicine. Appeal to the role the role of tacit knowledge in science provides a way to unify the tripartite definition of Evidence Based Medicine given by Sackett et al: the integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values. Each of these three (...)
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  22. The Origin and philosophy.Tim Lewens - 2008 - In Michael Ruse & Robert J. Richards (eds.), The Cambridge companion to the "Origin of species". New York: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  23.  62
    The case for an inhabited institutionalism in organizational research: interaction, coupling, and change reconsidered.Tim Hallett & Amelia Hawbaker - 2021 - Theory and Society 50 (1):1-32.
    This paper makes the case for an inhabited institutionalism by pondering questions that continue to vex institutional theory: How can we account for local activity, agency, and change without reverting to a focus on individual actors—the very kinds of actors that institutional theory was designed to critique? How is change possible in an institutional context that constructs interests and sets the very conditions for such action? Efforts to deal with these questions by inserting various forms of individual, purposive actors into (...)
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  24.  93
    Clinical judgement, expertise and skilled coping.Tim Thornton - 2010 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 16 (2):284-291.
    Medicine involves specific practical expertise as well as more general context-independent medical knowledge. This raises the question, what is the nature of the expertise involved? Is there a model of clinical judgement or understanding that can accommodate both elements? This paper begins with a summary of a published account of the kinds of situation-specific skill found in anaesthesia. It authors claim that such skills are often neglected because of a prejudice in favour of the ‘technical rationality’ exemplified in evidence-based medicine (...)
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  25.  96
    The Darwinian view of culture: Alex Mesoudi: Cultural evolution: how Darwinian theory can explain human culture and synthesize the social sciences. University of Chicago Press, 2011.Tim Lewens - 2012 - Biology and Philosophy 27 (5):745-753.
    Alex Mesoudi’s book shows cultural evolution to be a mature field, which has already illuminated many instances of cultural change. Mesoudi’s presentation of the discipline nonetheless invites three objections. First, the culture concept it makes use of is not clearly defined; second, Mesoudi’s historical argument which looks back to the modern synthesis in order to predict an analogous synthesis in the social sciences is flawed; third, Mesoudi’s understanding of the positions held by leading figures within social science is shaky.
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  26. Frameworks for an archaeology of the body.Tim Yates - 1993 - In Christopher Y. Tilley (ed.), Interpretative archaeology. Providence: Berg. pp. 31--72.
  27.  31
    Reply to an Article Criticising the English National Character.Tim Carrington - 1995 - The Chesterton Review 21 (1/2):219-220.
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  28.  71
    Consequentialism and Abortion.Tim Chappell - 1992 - Philosophy Now 4:17-18.
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  29.  23
    Elsewhere.Tim Chappell - 2001 - Philosophy Now 31:54-54.
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  30.  12
    How to Be Car-Free.Tim Chappell - 1993 - Philosophy Now 8:5-8.
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  31.  8
    The Demands of Consequentialism.Tim Chappell - 2002 - Mind 111 (444):891-897.
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  32. Alexander Miller, An Introduction to Contemporary Metaethics Reviewed by.Tim Christie - 2004 - Philosophy in Review 24 (2):132-134.
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  33. Henry R. West, An Introduction to Mill's Utilitarian Ethics Reviewed by.Tim Christie - 2004 - Philosophy in Review 24 (6):444-446.
     
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  34. What are 'natural inequalities'?Tim Lewens - 2010 - Philosophical Quarterly 60 (239):264-285.
    The varying demands of justice are often thought to depend on a distinction between natural and social inequalities, but making this distinction has been little discussed, and it has been dismissed by philosophers of biology. It cannot be established by a simple causal criterion, nor by use of the analysis of variance, nor by distinguishing the innate from the acquired. Whether an inequality can be socially controlled provides the most plausible criterion, so 'natural' and 'social' are misleading labels for types (...)
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  35. Contemporary Perspectives on Architectural Organicism: The Limits of Self-Generation.Wahida Khandker & Tim Flanagan (eds.) - 2023 - New York: Routledge.
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  36.  32
    Delusional Atmosphere, the Everyday Uncanny, and the Limits of Secondary Sense.Tim Thornton - 2012 - Emotion Review 4 (2):192-196.
    In Paradoxes of Delusion, Sass aims to use passages from Wittgenstein to characterize the feeling of “mute particularity” that forms a part of delusional atmosphere. I argue that Wittgenstein’s discussion provides no helpful positive account. But his remarks on more everyday cases of the uncanny and the feeling of unreality might seem to promise a better approach via the expressive use of words in secondary sense. I argue that this also is a false hope but that, interestingly, there can be (...)
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  37. Innovation and population.Tim Lewens - 2009 - In Ulrich Krohs & Peter Kroes (eds.), Functions in Biological and Artificial Worlds: Comparative Philosophical Perspectives. MIT Press.
     
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  38.  38
    Why Logic Doesn 't Matter in the (Philosophical) Study of Argumentation'.Tim Heysse - 1997 - Argumentation 11 (2):211-224.
    Philosophically, the study of argumentation is important because it holds out the prospect of an interpretation of rationality. For this we need to identify a transcendent perspective on the argumentative interaction. We need a normative theory of argumentation that provides an answer to the question: should the hearer accept the argument of the speaker. In this article I argue that formal logic implies a notion of transcendence that is not suitable for the study of argumentation, because, from a logical point (...)
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  39. The discursive turn, social constructionism and dementia.Tim Thornton - 2005 - In Julian C. Hughes, Stephen J. Louw & Steven R. Sabat (eds.), Dementia: Mind, Meaning, and the Person. Oxford University Press.
  40.  26
    Correction to: Transformative experience and the shark problem.Tim Campbell & Julia Mosquera - 2020 - Philosophical Studies 177 (11):3569-3569.
    The article Transformative experience and the shark problem, written by Tim Campbell and Julia Mosquera, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s Internet portal on 31 January 2020 without open access.
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  41. On the interface problem in philosophy and psychiatry.Tim Thornton - 2009 - In Matthew Broome & Lisa Bortolotti (eds.), Psychiatry as Cognitive Neuroscience: Philosophical Perspectives. New York: Oxford University Press.
  42.  14
    Knowing what is good for you: a theory of prudential value and well-being.Tim E. Taylor - 2012 - New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    An examination of the philosophical issues surrounding prudential value: what it is for something to be good for a person; and well-being: what it is for someone's life to go well. It critically analyzes competing approaches, and proposes a new subjective account that addresses key weaknesses of existing theories.
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  43.  64
    Philosophy of Mind: An Introduction.Tim Bayne - 2021 - New York: Routledge.
    Developments in the philosophy of mind over the last 20 years have dramatically changed the nature of the subject. In this major new introduction, Tim Bayne presents an outstanding overview of many of the key topics, problems, and debates, taking account not only of changes in philosophy of mind itself but also of important developments in the scientific study of the mind. -/- The following topics are discussed in depth: -/- What distinguishes a physicalist conception of the mind? -/- Behaviourism, (...)
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  44. Kim Sterelny the evolved apprentice: How evolution made humans unique.Tim Lewens - 2014 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 65 (1):185-189.
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  45.  28
    Imagination's grip on science.Tim Mey - 2006 - Metaphilosophy 37 (2):222-239.
    In part because “imagination” is a slippery notion, its exact role in the production of scientific knowledge remains unclear. There is, however, one often explicit and deliberate use of imagination by scientists that can be (and has been) studied intensively by epistemologists and historians of science: thought experiments. The main goal of this article is to document the varieties of thought experimentation, not so much in terms of the different sciences in which they occur but rather in terms of the (...)
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  46.  74
    As nature intended: Review of J. Scott Turner , The Tinkerer’s Accomplice: How Design Emerges from Life Itself. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 282 pp, Hbk £18.95/$27.95.Tim Lewens - 2009 - Biology and Philosophy 24 (3):417-423.
  47.  25
    Darwinism and Metaphysics.Tim Lewens - 2007 - Metascience 16 (1):61-69.
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  48.  76
    Flagellant priests.Tim Lewens - 2006 - Biology and Philosophy 21 (3):411-421.
  49.  6
    Humans and Other Animals.Tim Lewens - 2004 - Mind 113 (449):175-177.
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  50.  8
    Integration and skepticism.Tim Lewens - 2012 - In Harold Kincaid (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Social Science. Oxford University Press. pp. 458.
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