Results for 'Matthias Hayek'

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  1.  4
    Correcting the Old, Adapting the New.Matthias Hayek - 2013 - Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 40 (1).
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  2. Correcting the Old, Adapting the New: Baba Nobutake and the (Relative) Rejuvenation of Divination in the Seventeenth Century.Matthias Hayek - forthcoming - Japanese Journal of Religious Studies.
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  3.  4
    The Eight Trigrams and Their Changes.Matthias Hayek - 2011 - Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 38 (2):329-368.
  4.  6
    The Eight Trigrams and Their Changes: An Inquiry into Japanese Early Modern Divination.Matthias Hayek - 2011 - Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 38 (2):329-368.
  5. Editors' Introduction: Onmyodo in Japanese History.Makoto Hayashi & Matthias Hayek - 2013 - Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 40 (1):1-18.
  6. Editors' Introduction: Onmyōdō in Japanese History.Hayashi Makoto & Matthias Hayek - forthcoming - Japanese Journal of Religious Studies.
     
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  7.  76
    Primer on an ethics of AI-based decision support systems in the clinic.Matthias Braun, Patrik Hummel, Susanne Beck & Peter Dabrock - 2021 - Journal of Medical Ethics 47 (12):3-3.
    Making good decisions in extremely complex and difficult processes and situations has always been both a key task as well as a challenge in the clinic and has led to a large amount of clinical, legal and ethical routines, protocols and reflections in order to guarantee fair, participatory and up-to-date pathways for clinical decision-making. Nevertheless, the complexity of processes and physical phenomena, time as well as economic constraints and not least further endeavours as well as achievements in medicine and healthcare (...)
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  8.  51
    Represent me: please! Towards an ethics of digital twins in medicine.Matthias Braun - 2021 - Journal of Medical Ethics 47 (6):394-400.
    Simulations are used in very different contexts and for very different purposes. An emerging development is the possibility of using simulations to obtain a more or less representative reproduction of organs or even entire persons. Such simulations are framed and discussed using the term ‘digital twin’. This paper unpacks and scrutinises the current use of such digital twins in medicine and the ideas embedded in this practice. First, the paper maps the different types of digital twins. A special focus is (...)
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  9. Completeness and Correspondence in Chellas–Segerberg Semantics.Matthias Unterhuber & Gerhard Schurz - 2014 - Studia Logica 102 (4):891-911.
    We investigate a lattice of conditional logics described by a Kripke type semantics, which was suggested by Chellas and Segerberg – Chellas–Segerberg (CS) semantics – plus 30 further principles. We (i) present a non-trivial frame-based completeness result, (ii) a translation procedure which gives one corresponding trivial frame conditions for arbitrary formula schemata, and (iii) non-trivial frame conditions in CS semantics which correspond to the 30 principles.
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  10. Do Ceteris Paribus Laws Exist? A Regularity-Based Best System Analysis.Matthias Unterhuber - 2014 - Erkenntnis 79 (S10):1833-1847.
    This paper argues that ceteris paribus (cp) laws exist based on a Lewisian best system analysis of lawhood (BSA). Furthermore, it shows that a BSA faces a second trivialization problem besides the one identified by Lewis. The first point concerns an argument against cp laws by Earman and Roberts. The second point aims to help making some assumptions of the BSA explicit. To address the second trivialization problem, a restriction in terms of natural logical constants is proposed that allows one (...)
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  11.  48
    A Leap of Faith: Is There a Formula for “Trustworthy” AI?Matthias Braun, Hannah Bleher & Patrik Hummel - 2021 - Hastings Center Report 51 (3):17-22.
    Trust is one of the big buzzwords in debates about the shaping of society, democracy, and emerging technologies. For example, one prominent idea put forward by the High‐Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence appointed by the European Commission is that artificial intelligence should be trustworthy. In this essay, we explore the notion of trust and argue that both proponents and critics of trustworthy AI have flawed pictures of the nature of trust. We develop an approach to understanding trust in AI (...)
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  12.  79
    In Defence of Non-Ideal Political Deference.Matthias Brinkmann - 2022 - Episteme 19 (2):264-285.
    Many philosophers have claimed that relying on the testimony of others in normative questions is in some way problematic. In this paper, I consider whether we should be troubled by deference in democratic politics. I argue that deference is less problematic in impure cases of political deference, and most non-ideal cases of political deference are impure. To establish the second point, I rely on empirical research from political psychology. I also outline two principled reasons why we should expect political deference (...)
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  13.  18
    The first international competition on computational models of argumentation: Results and analysis.Matthias Thimm & Serena Villata - 2017 - Artificial Intelligence 252 (C):267-294.
  14.  2
    Wunscherfüllende Medizin: ärztliche Behandlung im Dienst von Selbstverwirklichung und Lebensplanung.Matthias Kettner (ed.) - 2009 - Frankfurt am Main: Campus.
    Über Jahrhunderte hatten Ärzte die Aufgabe, Krankheiten zu verhindern und zu behandeln. Nun stehen sie immer häufiger im Dienst der Selbstverwirklichung und Lebensplanung gesunder Menschen, besonders in der Fortpflanzungsmedizin und der ästhetischen Chirurgie. Welche Konsequenzen hat dies für die Zukunft der Medizin? Die Autoren beleuchten diesen Wandel von der krankheitsbekämpfenden zur wunscherfüllenden Medizin unter ärztlichen, rechtlichen und ethischen Aspekten.
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  15.  37
    Just data? Solidarity and justice in data-driven medicine.Matthias Braun & Patrik Hummel - 2020 - Life Sciences, Society and Policy 16 (1):1-18.
    This paper argues that data-driven medicine gives rise to a particular normative challenge. Against the backdrop of a distinction between the good and the right, harnessing personal health data towards the development and refinement of data-driven medicine is to be welcomed from the perspective of the good. Enacting solidarity drives progress in research and clinical practice. At the same time, such acts of sharing could—especially considering current developments in big data and artificial intelligence—compromise the right by leading to injustices and (...)
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  16.  34
    Adam Smith’s Philosophy of Science: Economics as Moral Imagination.Matthias P. Hühn - 2019 - Journal of Business Ethics 155 (1):1-15.
    The paper takes a fresh look at two essays that Adam Smith wrote at the very beginning of his career. In these essays, Smith explains his philosophy of science, which is social constructivist. A social constructivist reading of Smith strengthens the scholarly consensus that The Wealth of Nations needs to be interpreted in light of the general moral theory he explicates in The Theory of Moral Sentiments, as the two essays and TMS stress the importance of the same concepts: e.g., (...)
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  17.  38
    Will the Real A. Smith Please Stand Up!Matthias P. Hühn & Claus Dierksmeier - 2016 - Journal of Business Ethics 136 (1):119-132.
    In both the public and the business world, in academe as well as in practice, the ideas of Adam Smith are regarded as the bedrock of modern economics. When present economic conditions and management practices are criticised, Adam Smith is referred to by defenders and detractors of the current status quo alike. Smith, it is believed, defined the essential terms of reference of these debates, such as the rational pursuit of self-interest on part of the individual and the resultant optimal (...)
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  18.  72
    Legitimate Power without Authority: The Transmission Model.Matthias Brinkmann - 2020 - Law and Philosophy 39 (2):119-146.
    Some authors have argued that legitimacy without authority is possible, though their work has not found much uptake in mainstream political philosophy. I provide an improved model how legitimate political institutions without authority are possible, the Transmission Model, which I couple with a thin substantive position, the Moral Value View. I defend the model against three common objections.
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  19. Revisiting initial sets in abstract argumentation.Matthias Thimm - 2022 - Argument and Computation 13 (3):325-360.
    We revisit the notion of initial sets by Xu and Cayrol 2016), i. e., non-empty minimal admissible sets in abstract argumentation frameworks. Initial sets are a simple concept for analysing conflicts in an abstract argumentation framework and to explain why certain arguments can be accepted. We contribute with new insights on the structure of initial sets and devise a simple non-deterministic construction principle for any admissible set, based on iterative selection of initial sets of the original framework and its induced (...)
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  20.  8
    Inconsistency measures for probabilistic logics.Matthias Thimm - 2013 - Artificial Intelligence 197 (C):1-24.
  21.  4
    On the complexity of inconsistency measurement.Matthias Thimm & Johannes P. Wallner - 2019 - Artificial Intelligence 275 (C):411-456.
  22.  21
    Sophistry or wisdom in words: Aristotle on rhetoric and leadership.Matthias P. Hühn & Marcel Meyer - 2023 - Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility 32 (2):544-554.
    In the leadership literature of the past 100 years or so, rhetoric has been a topic for a long time and ethics was introduced some 30 years ago. However, the three topics, leadership, rhetoric, and ethics, have not been connected. This is astonishing because when ethical leadership made its comeback, scholars acknowledged the debt that ethical leadership owes to Aristotelian ideas. For Aristotle, leadership, ethics, and rhetoric were inseparable: without ethics, there could neither be good leadership nor rhetoric, and rhetoric (...)
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  23.  33
    The Unreality Business - How Economics (and Management) Became Anti-philosophical.Matthias P. Hühn - 2015 - Philosophy of Management 14 (1):47-66.
    This paper argues that economics, over the past 200 years, has become steadily more anti-philosophical and that there are three stages in the development of economic thought. Adam Smith intended economics to be a descriptive social science, rooted in an understanding of the moral and psychological processes of an individual’s decision-making and its connection to society in general. Yet, immediately after Smith’s death, economists made a clean cut and invented a totally new discipline: they switched towards a physicalist understanding of (...)
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  24.  39
    Responsible Innovation: a Smithian Perspective.Matthias P. Hühn - 2018 - Philosophy of Management 17 (1):41-57.
    Adam Smith’s is often falsely portrayed as having argued that radical selfishness is a force for the good and that this “invisible hand’ is his market mechanism. This paper argues that Smith’s real market mechanism, the sympathy manoeuvre, is a viable alternative to Schumpeterian and mainstream models of innovation in economics and also could help build a firmer theoretical basis for other approaches such as Responsible Innovation. To Smith all human activity was social and must be understood and explained in (...)
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  25.  4
    On the expressivity of inconsistency measures.Matthias Thimm - 2016 - Artificial Intelligence 234 (C):120-151.
  26.  20
    Vulnerable Life: Reflections on the Relationship Between Theological and Philosophical Ethics.Matthias Braun - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (12):21-23.
    It is very timely and highly important to think the relationship between theological and philosophical ethics. In this issue, Michael McCarthy et al. make a plea for a stronger dialogue...
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  27.  89
    Philosophy of Science in Germany, 1992–2012: Survey-Based Overview and Quantitative Analysis.Matthias Unterhuber, Alexander Gebharter & Gerhard Schurz - 2014 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 45 (1):71-160.
    An overview of the German philosophy of science community is given for the years 1992–2012, based on a survey in which 159 philosophers of science in Germany participated. To this end, the institutional background of the German philosophy of science community is examined in terms of journals, centers, and associations. Furthermore, a qualitative description and a quantitative analysis of our survey results are presented. Quantitative estimates are given for: (a) academic positions, (b) research foci, (c) philosophers’ of science most important (...)
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  28.  98
    Coordination Cannot Establish Political Authority.Matthias Brinkmann - 2018 - Ratio Juris 31 (1):49-69.
    One of the most common arguments in favour of the state's authority is that without the coordinating hand of political institutions, we could not achieve important moral benefits. I argue that if we understand authority correctly, then coordination cannot even in principle establish that coordinators have political authority.
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  29.  23
    Eye movements during mental time travel follow a diagonal line.Matthias Hartmann, Corinna S. Martarelli, Fred W. Mast & Kurt Stocker - 2014 - Consciousness and Cognition 30:201-209.
  30.  64
    Indirect Instrumentalism about Political Legitimacy.Matthias Brinkmann - 2019 - Moral Philosophy and Politics 6 (1):175-202.
    Political instrumentalism claims that the right to rule should be distributed such that justice is promoted best. Building on a distinction made by consequentialists in moral philosophy, I argue that instrumentalists should distinguish two levels of normative thinking about legitimacy, the critical and applied level. An indirect instrumentalism which acknowledges this distinction has significant advantages over simpler forms of instrumentalism that do not.
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  31.  13
    Why Catholic Social Thought is not a Theory (and How that Has Preserved Scholarly Debate).Matthias P. Hühn - 2021 - Philosophy of Management 21 (1):69-85.
    CST is widely disregarded in the academic and public discourse. This essay argues that this is the case for two related reasons. Firstly, CST is based on the pre-Enlightenment approach to moral philosophy, virtue ethics, while the mainstream in business ethics favours the rule-based approaches consequentialism and deontology and their variants. Secondly, mainstream approaches also have adopted a positivist epistemology where theories represent the Truth that must not be questioned: they have become ideologies. This paper argues that CST, mainly through (...)
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  32.  15
    Teaching Business Ethics with Experiments.Matthias Uhl & Christoph Lütge - 2018 - Journal of Business Ethics Education 15:203-217.
    Teaching experiments are valuable when it comes to sensitizing students for business ethics that addresses the behavior of agents in modern societies. Many students are coined by the often predominantly individualistic ethical reasoning that they are accustomed to from their living environments. In our classes, we confront them with the volatility of their own ethical behavior by the use of experiments that ideally work with real incentives. We believe experiments to be a powerful tool not only to illustrate theoretical concepts, (...)
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  33.  36
    Business ethics: Between Friedman and Freeman? A response to A Puzzle about Business Ethics.Matthias P. Hühn - 2023 - Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility 32 (2):868-876.
    The biggest research programme within business ethics is arguably Corporate Social Responsibility and all its related streams (Corporate Citizenship, Social Justice, etc.) While there seems to be widespread agreement that business ethics is situated between the amoral or even immoral view of Milton Friedman as explicated in his 1970 New York Times paper, and the moral view expounded by R. Edward Freeman, this essay challenges that view. Friedman, maybe owed to his flamboyant writing style and crude and purely rhetorical oversimplifications (...)
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  34.  34
    Ethics of digital twins: four challenges.Matthias Braun - 2022 - Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (9):579-580.
    In the article ‘Represent Me: Please! Towards an Ethics of Digital Twins in Medicine’, I analysed and tried to better understand the main ethical challenges associated with Digital Twins. For those who are just entering the debate with this article: DT is a metaphor for a bundle of artificial intelligence driven simulation technologies that constantly, in real time and ad personam simulate single or multiple parts of the body and make predictions about future health states based on these simulations. My (...)
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  35.  3
    Logos und Lethe: zur phänomenologischen Sprachauffassung im Spätwerk von Heidegger und Wittgenstein.Matthias Flatscher - 2011 - Freiburg: Verlag Karl Alber.
  36.  12
    Klimakonstruktionen: Von der klassischen Klimatologie zur Klimaforschung.Matthias Heymann - 2009 - NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin 17 (2):171-197.
  37. In the "era of tyrannies" : the international order from nazism to the cold war.Matthias Oppermann - 2015 - In José Colen & Élisabeth Dutartre-Michaut (eds.), The Companion to Raymond Aron. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US.
     
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  38.  24
    CSR - the Cuckoo’s Egg in the Business Ethics Nest.Matthias P. Hühn - 2018 - Humanistic Management Journal 3 (2):279-298.
    Corporate/collective moral responsibility is a thorny topic in business ethics and this paper argues that this is due a number of unacknowledged and connected epistemic issues. Firstly, CSR, Corporate Citizenship and many other research streams that are based on the assumption of collective and/or corporate moral responsibility are not compatible with Kantian ethics, consequentialism, or virtue ethics because corporate/collective responsibility violates the axioms and central hypotheses of these research programmes. Secondly, in the absence of a sound theoretical moral philosophical foundation, (...)
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  39.  22
    Introduction: Perspectives on Cold War Science in Small European States.Matthias Heymann & Janet Martin-Nielsen - 2013 - Centaurus 55 (3):221-242.
    With this introduction we aim to illuminate Western Europe's place on the map of Cold War science and, specifically, to draw attention to the differences in and the diversity of Western European Cold War science in comparison to the United States. By discussing narratives of Cold War science in small states and asking how they fit into the European condition, we suggest that the fact of being a small state affects the conditions for and the scope of Cold War science. (...)
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  40.  15
    Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches to Generalization and Replication–A Representationalist View.Matthias Borgstede & Marcel Scholz - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    In this paper, we provide a re-interpretation of qualitative and quantitative modeling from a representationalist perspective. In this view, both approaches attempt to construct abstract representations of empirical relational structures. Whereas quantitative research uses variable-based models that abstract from individual cases, qualitative research favors case-based models that abstract from individual characteristics. Variable-based models are usually stated in the form of quantified sentences. This syntactic structure implies that sentences about individual cases are derived using deductive reasoning. In contrast, case-based models are (...)
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  41.  43
    Jason Brennan and Peter M. Jaworski, Markets without Limits. Moral Virtues and Commercial Interests, 2016: 239 pp. ISBN 0415737354 paperback € 40,48.Matthias Uhl - 2016 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 19 (5):1331-1332.
  42.  38
    Logic and Probability: Reasoning in Uncertain Environments – Introduction to the Special Issue.Matthias Unterhuber & Gerhard Schurz - 2014 - Studia Logica 102 (4):663-671.
    The current special issue focuses on logical and probabilistic approaches to reasoning in uncertain environments, both from a formal, conceptual and argumentative perspective as well as an empirical point of view. In the present introduction we give an overview of the types of problems addressed by the individual contributions of the special issue, based on fundamental distinctions employed in this area. We furthermore describe some of the general features of the special issue.
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  43.  3
    Sraffa's Impact on Wittgenstein.Matthias Unterhuber - 2007 - In Herbert Hrachovec, Alois Pichler & Joseph Wang (eds.), Papers of the 30th International Wittgenstein Symposium 5-11 August 2007. Philosophie der Informationsgesellschaft - Philosophy of the Information Society. Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society.
    Sraffa was one of two persons whom Wittgenstein explicitly acknowledged in the preface of the Philosophical Investigations. However, little is known of Sraffa’s influence on Wittgenstein. On the basis on the yet unpublished letters from Wittgenstein to Sraffa and interviews with Georg Kreisel, the influence of Sraffa on Wittgenstein is investigated.
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  44.  8
    Early is left and up: Saccadic responses reveal horizontal and vertical spatial associations of serial order in working memory.Matthias Hartmann, Corinna S. Martarelli & Nils R. Sommer - 2021 - Cognition 217 (C):104908.
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  45. Realistic Claims in Logical Empiricism.Matthias Neuber - forthcoming - In Uskali Mäki, Stéphanie Ruphy, Gerhard Schurz & Ioannis Votsis (eds.), Recent Developments in the Philosophy of Science: EPSA13 Helsinki. Springer.
    Logical empiricism is commonly seen as a counter-position to scientific realism. In the present paper it is shown that there indeed existed a realist faction within the logical empiricist movement. In particular, I shall point out that at least four types of realistic arguments can be distinguished within this faction: Reichenbach’s ‘probabilistic argument,’ Feigl’s ‘pragmatic argument,’ Hempel’s ‘indispensability argument,’ and Kaila’s ‘invariantist argument.’ All these variations of arguments are intended to prevent the logical empiricist agenda from the shortcomings of radical (...)
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  46. Vaihinger, Scholz und die Religionsphilosophie des 'Als ob'.Matthias Neuber - manuscript
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  47.  21
    Lumping, testing, tuning: The invention of an artificial chemistry in atmospheric transport modeling.Matthias Heymann - 2010 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 41 (3):218-232.
  48.  77
    Illness, Disease and Sin: The Connection Between Genetics and Spirituality.Matthias Beck - 2007 - Christian Bioethics 13 (1):67-89.
    The New Testament, while rejecting any superficial connection between illness and sin, does not reject a possible connection between illness and a person's relationship with God. An example can be seen in the story of the young blind man who was healed. His blindness does not result from any fault he or his parents had committed but apparently from God's wish to reveal his own healing power. The inner blindness of the Pharisees is a different type of blindness far more (...)
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  49.  14
    1970s: Turn of an Era in the History of Science?1.Matthias Heymann - 2017 - Centaurus 59 (1-2):1-9.
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  50.  22
    Understanding and misunderstanding computer simulation: The case of atmospheric and climate science—An introduction.Matthias Heymann - 2010 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 41 (3):193-200.
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