Results for 'Elise Juzda Smith'

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  1.  18
    Claude Blanckaert . La Vénus hottentote: Entre Barnum et Muséum. 478 pp., illus., index. Paris: Publications Scientifiques du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 2013. €35. [REVIEW]Elise Juzda Smith - 2015 - Isis 106 (1):195-196.
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  2.  10
    Skulls, science, and the spoils of war: craniological studies at the United States Army Medical Museum, 1868–1900.Elise Juzda - 2009 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 40 (3):156-167.
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  3.  47
    Skulls, science, and the spoils of war: craniological studies at the United States Army Medical Museum, 1868–1900.Elise Juzda - 2009 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 40 (3):156-167.
    Beginning in 1868, the United States Army Medical Museum issued a request to Army medical personnel situated in ‘Indian country’ for specimens of skulls from Native Americans. The purpose of this collection was to promote the study of craniometry, a branch of racial science commonly used to delineate the different varieties of mankind and to rank them according to their perceived intellectual attributes. Yet, as this paper argues, the efforts of Army surgeons in amassing hundreds of crania for the Army (...)
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  4. Authorship and Responsibility in Health Sciences Research: A Review of Procedures for Fairly Allocating Authorship in Multi-Author Studies.Elise Smith & Bryn Williams-Jones - 2012 - Science and Engineering Ethics 18 (2):199-212.
    While there has been significant discussion in the health sciences and ethics literatures about problems associated with publication practices (e.g., ghost- and gift-authorship, conflicts of interest), there has been relatively little practical guidance developed to help researchers determine how they should fairly allocate credit for multi-authored publications. Fair allocation of credit requires that participating authors be acknowledged for their contribution and responsibilities, but it is not obvious what contributions should warrant authorship, nor who should be responsible for the quality and (...)
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  5.  55
    Researchers’ Perceptions of Ethical Authorship Distribution in Collaborative Research Teams.Elise Smith, Bryn Williams-Jones, Zubin Master, Vincent Larivière, Cassidy R. Sugimoto, Adèle Paul-Hus, Min Shi, Elena Diller, Katie Caudle & David B. Resnik - 2020 - Science and Engineering Ethics 26 (4):1995-2022.
    Authorship is commonly used as the basis for the measurement of research productivity. It influences career progression and rewards, making it a valued commodity in a competitive scientific environment. To better understand authorship practices amongst collaborative teams, this study surveyed authors on collaborative journal articles published between 2011 and 2015. Of the 8364 respondents, 1408 responded to the final open-ended question, which solicited additional comments or remarks regarding the fair distribution of authorship in research teams. This paper presents the analysis (...)
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  6.  19
    A Community-Engaged Approach to Address Collateral Findings in Embedded Research.Elise Smith & Emma Tumilty - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (8):61-63.
    In In their article Morain and Largent suggest looking “beyond the investigator-participant dyad” to understand the ethical obligations in embedded research using Electronic Health Record (EHR) dat...
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  7.  46
    A Theoretical Foundation for the Ethical Distribution of Authorship in Multidisciplinary Publications.Smith Elise - 2017 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 27 (3):371-411.
    In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick were named as the authors of the publication “Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids; a Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid” in the journal Nature. While historians have debated the relevance and importance of various discoveries in molecular science, there is little dispute as to the major significance of the discovery of the double-helix structure of deoxyribose nucleic acid. But what of Rosalind Franklin? There is little mention in science manuals of the contribution of the (...)
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  8.  29
    Misconduct and Misbehavior Related to Authorship Disagreements in Collaborative Science.Elise Smith, Bryn Williams-Jones, Zubin Master, Vincent Larivière, Cassidy R. Sugimoto, Adèle Paul-Hus, Min Shi & David B. Resnik - 2020 - Science and Engineering Ethics 26 (4):1967-1993.
    Scientific authorship serves to identify and acknowledge individuals who “contribute significantly” to published research. However, specific authorship norms and practices often differ within and across disciplines, labs, and cultures. As a consequence, authorship disagreements are commonplace in team research. This study aims to better understand the prevalence of authorship disagreements, those factors that may lead to disagreements, as well as the extent and nature of resulting misbehavior. Methods include an international online survey of researchers who had published from 2011 to (...)
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  9.  83
    IMAGES RE-READ: the method of georges didi-huberman.Laura Katherine Smith, Stijn De Cauwer, Jorge Rodriguez Solorzano, Elise Woodard & Jacques Rancière - 2018 - Angelaki 23 (4):11-18.
    In this text, Jacques Rancière critically discusses the work of Georges Didi-Huberman on images. He disagrees with various claims seemingly made by Didi-Huberman about images, such as that they can “take position” or that they are “active.” Rancière argues that Didi-Huberman adds another form of dialectics to the simpler form of dialectics adopted by Bertolt Brecht and Harun Farocki in their works, namely one that also involves a layering of different temporalities. However, both in Brecht’s War Primer and in Didi-Huberman’s (...)
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  10.  17
    “Why do we measure mankind?” Marketing anthropometry in late-Victorian Britain.Elise Smith - 2020 - History of Science 58 (2):142-165.
    In the late nineteenth century, British anthropometrists attempted to normalize the practice of measuring bodies as they sought to collate data about the health and racial makeup of their fellow citizens. As the country’s leading anthropometrists, Francis Galton and Charles Roberts worked to overcome suspicion about their motives and tried to establish the value of recording physical dimensions from their subjects’ perspective. For Galton, the father of the eugenics movement, the attainment of objective self-knowledge figured alongside the ranking of one’s (...)
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  11.  35
    Accessibility and transparency of editor conflicts of interest policy instruments in medical journals.Elise Smith, Marie-Josée Potvin & Bryn Williams-Jones - 2012 - Journal of Medical Ethics 38 (11):679-684.
    Background There has been significant discussion about the need to manage conflict of interest (COI) in medical journals. This has lead many journals to implement policies to manage COI for authors and reviewers; however, surprisingly little attention has been focused on the COI of journal editors. Objective The goal of this exploratory study was to determine whether the policies were accessible to the public and to researchers, and to discuss the potential impact on public transparency. Design The authors conducted an (...)
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  12.  39
    Toward a Postmodernist View of Conflict of Interest: Comment on “Toward a Sociology of Conflict of Interest in Medical Research” by Sarah Winch and Michael Sinnott.Elise Smith - 2012 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 9 (2):223-224.
    Toward a Postmodernist View of Conflict of Interest Content Type Journal Article Category Case Studies Pages 1-2 DOI 10.1007/s11673-012-9359-x Authors Elise Smith, Doctorat en sciences humaines appliquées, option bioéthique, Programmes de bioéthique, Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7 Journal Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Online ISSN 1872-4353 Print ISSN 1176-7529.
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  13.  11
    “Technical” Contributors and Authorship Distribution in Health Science.Elise Smith - 2023 - Science and Engineering Ethics 29 (4):1-19.
    In health sciences, technical contributions may be undervalued and excluded in the author byline. In this paper, I demonstrate how authorship is a historical construct which perpetuates systemic injustices including technical undervaluation. I make use of Pierre Bourdieu’s conceptual work to demonstrate how the power dynamics at play in academia make it very challenging to change the habitual state or “habitus”. To counter this, I argue that we must reconceive technical contributions to not be a priori less important based on (...)
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  14.  54
    Authorship ethics in global health research partnerships between researchers from low or middle income countries and high income countries.Elise Smith, Matthew Hunt & Zubin Master - 2014 - BMC Medical Ethics 15 (1):42.
    Over the past two decades, the promotion of collaborative partnerships involving researchers from low and middle income countries with those from high income countries has been a major development in global health research. Ideally, these partnerships would lead to more equitable collaboration including the sharing of research responsibilities and rewards. While collaborative partnership initiatives have shown promise and attracted growing interest, there has been little scholarly debate regarding the fair distribution of authorship credit within these partnerships.
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  15.  41
    IMAGE, LANGUAGE: the other dialectic.Laura Katherine Smith, Stijn De Cauwer, Jorge Rodriguez Solorzano, Elise Woodard & Georges Didi-Huberman - 2018 - Angelaki 23 (4):19-24.
    In this text, Georges Didi-Huberman responds, in letter-form, to the critical reflections about his work formulated by Jacques Rancière in “Images Re-read: Georges Didi-Huberman’s Method.” Didi-Huberman disagrees with Rancière’s analysis that images are “passive” and that the words which accompany them are “active.” Instead, he agrees with Merleau-Ponty’s view, which postulates that any analysis of images that seeks to disentangle its elements will render the image unintelligible. In opposition to Rancière’s presentation of his work, Didi-Huberman argues that his method is (...)
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  16.  26
    What About Author Order and Acknowledgments? Suggestions for Additional Criteria for Conceptual Research in Bioethics.Elise Smith & Renaud Boulanger - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (10):24 - 26.
    The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 11, Issue 10, Page 24-26, October 2011.
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  17.  70
    Reproductive tourism in argentina: Clinic accreditation and its implications for consumers, health professionals and policy makers.Elise Smith, Jason Behrmann, Carolina Martin & Bryn Williams-Jones - 2009 - Developing World Bioethics 10 (2):59-69.
    A subcategory of medical tourism, reproductive tourism has been the subject of much public and policy debate in recent years. Specific concerns include: the exploitation of individuals and communities, access to needed health care services, fair allocation of limited resources, and the quality and safety of services provided by private clinics. To date, the focus of attention has been on the thriving medical and reproductive tourism sectors in Asia and Eastern Europe; there has been much less consideration given to more (...)
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  18.  21
    Fair Subject Selection Procedures Must Consider Scientific Uncertainty and Variability in Risk and Benefit Perception.Charles Dupras & Elise Smith - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (2):33-35.
    Volume 20, Issue 2, February 2020, Page 33-35.
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  19.  29
    Bioethics: Latin american perspectives – edited by Arleen L.f. Salle and Maria J. Bertomeu.Elise Smith - 2007 - Developing World Bioethics 7 (2):112–113.
  20.  31
    Does Health Promotion Harm the Environment?Cheryl C. Macpherson, Elise Smith & Travis N. Rieder - 2020 - The New Bioethics 26 (2):158-175.
    Health promotion involves social and environmental interventions designed to benefit and protect health. It often harmfully impacts the environment through air and water pollution, medical waste, g...
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  21.  13
    Should authorship on scientific publications be treated as a right?David B. Resnik & Elise Smith - 2023 - Journal of Medical Ethics 49 (11):776-778.
    Sometimes researchers explicitly or implicitly conceive of authorship in terms of moral or ethical rights to authorship when they are dealing with authorship issues. Because treating authorship as a right can encourage unethical behaviours, such as honorary and ghost authorship, buying and selling authorship, and unfair treatment of researchers, we recommend that researchers not conceive of authorship in this way but view it as a description about contributions to research. However, we acknowledge that the arguments we have given for this (...)
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  22.  33
    Conflict of Interest Policies at Canadian Universities and Medical Schools: Some Lessons from the AMSA PharmFree Scorecard.Ghislaine Mathieu, Elise Smith, Marie-Josée Potvin & Bryn Williams-Jones - 2012 - BioéthiqueOnline 1:13.
    Launched in 2007, the American Medical Students Association PharmFree Scorecard is an annual ranking of conflict of interest policies at American medical centres; it focuses on COIs that may occur when medical education seems likely to be influenced by university-industry relationships, especially those with the pharmaceutical and medical device industries. The PharmFree Scorecard has proven influential in stimulating changes in policy regarding the management of COI at American medical institutions, thus it provides a useful jumping off point for reflection on (...)
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  23.  71
    Ethical Dilemmas in Protecting Susceptible Subpopulations From Environmental Health Risks: Liberty, Utility, Fairness, and Accountability for Reasonableness.David B. Resnik, D. Robert MacDougall & Elise M. Smith - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (3):29-41.
    Various U.S. laws, such as the Clean Air Act and the Food Quality Protection Act, require additional protections for susceptible subpopulations who face greater environmental health risks. The main ethical rationale for providing these protections is to ensure that environmental health risks are distributed fairly. In this article, we (1) consider how several influential theories of justice deal with issues related to the distribution of environmental health risks; (2) show that these theories often fail to provide specific guidance concerning policy (...)
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  24.  24
    Bioethics: Latin American Perspectives – Edited by Arleen L.F. Salle and Maria J. Bertomeu. [REVIEW]Elise Smith - 2007 - Developing World Bioethics 7 (2):112-113.
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  25.  15
    Review of Paul Kalanithi, When Breath Becomes Air1. [REVIEW]Elise Smith - 2016 - American Journal of Bioethics 16 (10):6-7.
    In the past few months, many in the public press (Maslin 2016; Martin 2016) and scholarly literature (Rosenbaum 2016) have praised the book When Breath Becomes Air by Paul Kalanithi. It is the memo...
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  26.  26
    Unjust Outcomes and Unfair Process?D. Robert MacDougall, Elise M. Smith & David B. Resnik - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (4):10-12.
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  27.  24
    Conflicts of interest policies for authors, peer reviewers, and editors of bioethics journals.Zubin Master, Kelly Werner, Elise Smith, David B. Resnik & Bryn Williams-Jones - 2018 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 9 (3):194-205.
    Background: In biomedical research, there have been numerous scandals highlighting conflicts of interest (COIs) leading to significant bias in judgment and questionable practices. Academic institutions, journals, and funding agencies have developed and enforced policies to mitigate issues related to COI, especially surrounding financial interests. After a case of editorial COI in a prominent bioethics journal, there is concern that the same level of oversight regarding COIs in the biomedical sciences may not apply to the field of bioethics. In this study, (...)
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  28. Barriers to Research on Research Ethics Review and Conflicts of Interest.Bryn Williams-Jones, Marie-Josée Potvin, Ghislaine Mathieu & Elise Smith - 2013 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 35 (5):14-20.
    Research on research ethics—regarding both the governance and practice of the ethical review of human subjects research—has a tumultuous history in North America and Europe. Much of the academic literature focuses on issues to do with regulating the conduct and quality of ethics review of research protocols by ethics committees (research ethics boards (REBs) in Canada and institutional review boards (IRBs) in the United States). In addition, some of the literature attends to issues particular to the review of qualitative research, (...)
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  29. BioéthiqueOnline: Moving to Peer-Review / BioéthiqueOnline : Passage à l’évaluation par les pairs.Zubin Master, Carolina Martin, Jason Behrmann, Charles Marsan, Lise Levesque, Maude Laliberté, Charles Dupras, Elise Smith, Renaud Boulanger, Jean-Christophe Belisle Pipon, Bryn Williams-Jones, Christopher McDougall, Ali Okhowat & Sonia Paradis - 2012 - BioéthiqueOnline 1 (Ed2).
  30.  11
    No Exit: Death Drive, Dystopia, and the Long Winter of the American Dream in Harold Ramis's The Ice Harvest.Eric D. Smith - 2024 - Utopian Studies 34 (3):380-398.
    This article examines Harold Ramis’s 2005 noir comedy _The Ice Harvest_ as the critically dystopian counter-panel to his beloved 1993 film _Groundhog Day_, a film frequently discussed within the paradigm of utopia. While starkly different in genre, tone, and reception, the two films comprise a dialectical dyad that registers the historical transition from the utopian cultural effervescence of the early 1990s to the tragic foreclosure of imaginative horizons and the dystopian transformation of economic, political, and social landscapes in the new (...)
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  31. China, Revolution and Presentism.S. A. Smith - 2017 - Past and Present 234 (1):274-289.
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  32.  3
    Bonaventure's Reductio of the Nine Choirs of Angels: How Bonaventure Compressed Two Monumental Traditions into Nine Words and Nine Short Phrases.Randall B. Smith - 2023 - Nova et Vetera 21 (2):583-605.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Bonaventure's Reductio of the Nine Choirs of Angels:How Bonaventure Compressed Two Monumental Traditions into Nine Words and Nine Short PhrasesRandall B. Smith"There is probably no better illustration in medieval thought of how the genius of the symbolic imagination also involves deep speculative insight." So wrote Bernard McGinn of Bonaventure's Itinerarium mentis in deum in The Flowering of Mysticism: Men and Woman in the New Mysticism, 1200–1350.1 There is (...)
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  33.  2
    Black-on-Black Violence: The Intramediation of Desire and the Search for a Scapegoat.Fred Smith - 1999 - Contagion: Journal of Violence, Mimesis, and Culture 6 (1):32-44.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:BLACK-ON-BLACK VIOLENCE: THE INTRAMEDIATION OF DESIRE AND THE SEARCH FOR A SCAPEGOAT Fred Smith Emory University René Girard's mimetic hypothesis provides a means of interpreting texts in terms of a systematic understanding ofcultural formations such as ritual, prohibition, and myth. It is based on an anthropology which accepts that most cultural texts are generated by an agency that does not appear explicitly or thematically within the texts themselves. (...)
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  34.  9
    Michael Hoskin (1930–2021).Robert W. Smith - 2024 - Isis 115 (1):166-169.
  35.  7
    Mental states via possessive predication: the grammar of possessive experiencer complex predicates in Persian.Ryan Walter Smith - forthcoming - Natural Language Semantics:1-44.
    Persian possesses a number of stative complex predicates with _dâshtan_ ‘to have’ that express certain kinds of mental state. I propose that these _possessive experiencer complex predicates_ be given a formal semantic treatment involving possession of a portion of an abstract quality by an individual, as in the analysis of property concept lexemes due to Francez and Koontz-Garboden (Language 91(3):533–563, 2015 ; Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 34:93–106, 2016 ; Semantics and morphosyntactic variation: Qualities and the grammar of property concepts, (...)
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  36.  6
    Letter From The Editor.Margo G. Smith - 2023 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 51 (S2):1-1.
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  37.  5
    A History of Roman Catholic Theological Ethics, by James F. Keenan, SJ.K. Lauriston Smith - 2023 - Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics 43 (2):437-438.
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  38.  5
    Lincoln’s Enlightenment.Steven B. Smith - 2016 - In Christopher Lynch & Jonathan Marks (eds.), Principle and prudence in Western political thought. Albany: State University of New York Press. pp. 275-295.
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  39.  6
    Triangulation Revisited.Murray Smith - unknown
    What is the relationship between detailed critical analysis and the background assumptions made by a given theory of film spectatorship? In this article, I approach this question by looking at Vittorio Gallese and Michele Guerra's The Empathic Screen in the light of the method of triangulation—the coordination and integration of phenomenological, psychological, and neuroscientific evidence, as set out in my Film, Art, and the Third Culture. In particular, I examine Gallese and Guerra's arguments concerning the role of camera movement in (...)
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  40.  1
    Nietzsche: science and truth.Danny Smith - 2013 - Kairos 6:13-26.
    info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion.
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  41.  53
    The Felt Meanings of the World: A Metaphysics of Feeling.Quentin Smith - 1986 - West Lafayette, Ind.: Purdue University Press.
    In a critical dialogue with the metaphysical tradition from Plato to Hegel to contemporary schools of thought, the author convincingly argues that traditional rationalist metaphysics has failed to accomplish its goal of demonstrating the existence of a di.
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  42.  66
    Ethics and ego dissolution: the case of psilocybin.William R. Smith & Dominic Sisti - 2021 - Journal of Medical Ethics 47 (12):807-814.
    Despite the fact that psychedelics were proscribed from medical research half a century ago, recent, early-phase trials on psychedelics have suggested that they bring novel benefits to patients in the treatment of several mental and substance use disorders. When beneficial, the psychedelic experience is characterized by features unlike those of other psychiatric and medical treatments. These include senses of losing self-importance, ineffable knowledge, feelings of unity and connection with others and encountering ‘deep’ reality or God. In addition to symptom relief, (...)
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  43.  27
    Was Lockdown Life Worth Living?Holly Lawford-Smith - 2022 - Monash Bioethics Review (1):40-61.
    Lockdowns in Australia have been strict and lengthy. Policy-makers appear to have given the preservation of quantity of lives strong priority over the preservation of quality of lives. But thought-experiments in population ethics suggest that this is not always the right priority. In this paper, I'll discuss both negative impacts on quantity of lives caused by the lockdowns themselves, including an increase in domestic violence, and negative impacts on quality of lives caused by lockdowns, in order to raise the question (...)
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  44.  5
    Full history: a philosophy of shared action.Steven G. Smith - 2016 - New York: Bloomsbury Academic, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing.
    How can we take history seriously as real and relevant? Despite the hazards of politically dangerous or misleading accounts of the past, we live our lives in a great network of cooperation with other actors; past, present, and future. We study and reflect on the past as a way of exercising a responsibility for shared action. In each of the chapters of Full History Smith poses a key question about history as a concern for conscious participants in the sharing (...)
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  45.  8
    Cause for coercion: cause for concern?Maxwell J. Smith - forthcoming - Monash Bioethics Review:1-9.
    In his 2000 book, From Chaos to Coercion: Detention and the Control of Tuberculosis, Richard Coker makes a number of important observations and arguments regarding the use of coercive public health measures in response to infectious disease threats. In particular, Coker argues that we have a tendency to neglect public health threats and then demand immediate action, which can leave policymakers with fewer effective options and may require (or may be perceived as requiring) more aggressive, coercive measures to achieve public (...)
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  46. The Deleuzian Revolution: Ten Innovations in Difference and Repetition.Daniel W. Smith - 2020 - Deleuze and Guatarri Studies 14 (1):34-49.
    Difference and Repetition might be said to have brought about a Deleuzian Revolution in philosophy comparable to Kant’s Copernican Revolution. Kant had denounced the three great terminal points of traditional metaphysics – self, world and God – as transcendent illusions, and Deleuze pushes Kant’s revolution to its limit by positing a transcendental field that excludes the coherence of the self, world and God in favour of an immanent and differential plane of impersonal individuations and pre-individual singularities. In the process, he (...)
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  47. Corporatised Identities ≠ Digital Identities: Algorithmic Filtering on Social Media and the Commercialisation of Presentations of Self.Charlie Harry Smith - 2020 - In Christopher Burr & Luciano Floridi (eds.), Ethics of digital well-being: a multidisciplinary approach. Springer.
    Goffman’s (1959) dramaturgical identity theory requires modification when theorising about presentations of self on social media. This chapter contributes to these efforts, refining a conception of digital identities by differentiating them from ‘corporatised identities’. Armed with this new distinction, I ultimately argue that social media platforms’ production of corporatised identities undermines their users’ autonomy and digital well-being. This follows from the disentanglement of several commonly conflated concepts. Firstly, I distinguish two kinds of presentation of self that I collectively refer to (...)
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  48. In the beginning there was information?Peter Godfrey-Smith - 2020 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 80:101239.
  49. Miracles.Patrick Nowell-Smith - 1955 - In Antony Flew (ed.), New essays in philosophical theology. New York,: Macmillan.
     
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  50.  39
    Ontology: Towards a New Synthesis.Barry Smith & Chris Welty - 1998 - In Nicola Guarino (ed.), Formal Ontology in Information Systems. IOS Press.
    This introduction to the second international conference on Formal Ontology and Information Systems presents a brief history of ontology as a discipline spanning the boundaries of philosophy and information science. We sketch some of the reasons for the growth of ontology in the information science field, and offer a preliminary stocktaking of how the term ‘ontology’ is currently used. We conclude by suggesting some grounds for optimism as concerns the future collaboration between philosophical ontologists and information scientists.
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