Results for 'Selective reproduction'

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  1. Selective Reproduction, eugenics, and public health.Stephen Wilkinson - 2011 - In Angus Dawson (ed.), Public Health Ethics: Key Concepts and Issues in Policy and Practice. Cambridge University Press. pp. 48-66.
     
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  2. Choosing Tomorrow's Children: The Ethics of Selective Reproduction.Stephen Wilkinson - 2010 - Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press.
    To what extent should parents be allowed to use reproductive technologies to determine the characteristics of their future children? Is there something morally wrong with choosing what their sex will be, or with trying to 'screen out' as much disease and disability as possible before birth? Stephen Wilkinson offers answers to such questions.
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  3.  57
    Failures of Imagination: Disability and the Ethics of Selective Reproduction.Marta Soniewicka - 2015 - Bioethics 29 (8):557-563.
    The article addresses the problem of disability in the context of reproductive decisions based on genetic information. It poses the question of whether selective procreation should be considered as a moral obligation of prospective parents. To answer this question, a number of different ethical approaches to the problem are presented and critically analysed: the utilitarian; Julian Savulescu's principle of procreative beneficence; the rights-based. The main thesis of the article is that these approaches fail to provide any appealing principles on (...)
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  4.  54
    How Not to Argue for Selective Reproductive Procedures.Eva Feder Kittay - 2017 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 27 (2):185-215.
    Disability theorists have argued that the belief that we should prevent the birth of people with disabilities is prejudicial against disabled people. Particularly influential has been the Expressivity Objection to reproductive selective procedures aimed at eliminating disability. The Expressivity Objection in its strongest form says that to prevent the birth of a disabled child is to express the view that a disabled life is not worth living. In its weaker form, it says that to prevent the birth of a (...)
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  5.  31
    Coerced first sexual intercourse and selected reproductive health outcomes among young women in kwazulu-natal, south Africa.Pranitha Maharaj & Chantal Munthree - 2007 - Journal of Biosocial Science 39 (2):231-244.
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  6.  37
    Why I wrote…Choosing Tomorrow's Children: The Ethics of Selective Reproduction.Stephen Wilkinson - 2010 - Clinical Ethics 5 (1):46-50.
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  7.  70
    Choosing Tomorrow's Children: The Ethics of Selective Reproduction – By Stephen Wilkinson.David Archard - 2011 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 28 (1):101-104.
  8. PHI 220a–Ethics Dr. Diego Lucci March 21, 2012 The Ethics of Selective Reproduction.Ecaterina Rusnac - forthcoming - Ethics.
     
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  9.  19
    A response to Saviour Siblings: A Relational Approach to the Welfare of the Child in Selective Reproduction.Emily Jackson - 2015 - Journal of Medical Ethics 41 (12):929-930.
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  10.  61
    Choosing Tomorrow's Children: The Ethics of Selective Reproduction * By Stephen Wilkinson.D. Browne - 2011 - Analysis 71 (3):605-607.
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  11.  50
    Parental Planning and New Reproductive Technologies: Wilkinson, Stephen. 2010. Choosing Tomorrow’s Children: The Ethics of Selective Reproduction. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 265 pp.Oliver Feeney - 2011 - Res Publica 17 (3):303-309.
  12.  23
    Assisted Reproduction, Prenatal Testing, and Sex Selection.Laura M. Purdy - 1998 - In Helga Kuhse & Peter Singer (eds.), A Companion to Bioethics. Malden, Mass., USA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 178–192.
    This chapter contains sections titled: General Assessments of Assisted Reproduction Pre‐birth Testing Conclusion References Further reading.
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  13.  21
    Selective Termination of Pregnancy and Women's Reproductive Autonomy.Christine Overall - 1990 - Hastings Center Report 20 (3):6-11.
    The “demand” for selective termination of pregnancy is a socially constructed response to prior medical interventions in women's reproductive processes, themselves dependent on cultural views of infertility.
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  14. Sex Selection and Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis: A Response to the Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine.Edgar Dahl & Julian Savulescu - 2000 - Human Reproduction 15 (9):1879-1880.
    In its recent statement 'Sex Selection and Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis', the Ethics Committee of the American Society of Reproductive Medicine concluded that preimplantation genetic diagnosis for sex selection for non-medical reasons should be discouraged because it poses a risk of unwarranted gender bias, social harm, and results in the diversion of medical resources from genuine medical need. We critically examine the arguments presented against sex selection using preimplantation genetic diagnosis. We argue that sex selection should be available, at least within (...)
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  15. Selecting children: The ethics of reproductive genetic engineering.S. Matthew Liao - 2008 - Philosophy Compass 3 (5):973-991.
    Advances in reproductive genetic engineering have the potential to transform human lives. Not only do they promise to allow us to select children free of diseases, they can also enable us to select children with desirable traits. In this paper, I consider two clusters of arguments for the moral permissibility of reproductive genetic engineering, what I call the Perfectionist View and the Libertarian View; and two clusters of arguments against reproductive genetic engineering, what I call the Human Nature View and (...)
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  16.  14
    Review of Stephen Wilkinson, Choosing Tomorrow's Children: The Ethics of Selective Reproduction[REVIEW]Mary B. Mahowald - 2010 - Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2010 (10).
  17.  23
    Stephen Wilkinson, Choosing Tomorrow’s Children: The Ethics of Selective Reproduction: Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2010. ISBN: 978-0199273966, $60 Hbk. [REVIEW]Katherine Bliss Teubl - 2011 - Journal of Value Inquiry 45 (3):351-357.
  18.  40
    Choosing Tomorrow’s Children: The Ethics of Selective Reproduction, by Stephen Wilkinson. [REVIEW]Ben Bramble - 2016 - Mind 125 (497):281-284.
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  19.  49
    How Sex Selection Undermines Reproductive Autonomy.Tamara Kayali Browne - 2017 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 14 (2):195-204.
    Non-medical sex selection is premised on the notion that the sexes are not interchangeable. Studies of individuals who undergo sex selection for non-medical reasons, or who have a preference for a son or daughter, show that they assume their child will conform to the stereotypical roles and norms associated with their sex. However, the evidence currently available has not succeeded in showing that the gender traits and inclinations sought are caused by a “male brain” or a “female brain”. Therefore, as (...)
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  20. Selecting Embryos with Disabilities? A Different Approach to Defend a “Soft” Paternalism in Reproductive Medicine.Diana Aurenque - 2015 - In Thomas Schramme (ed.), New Perspectives on Paternalism and Health Care. Cham: Springer Verlag.
     
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  21.  43
    Gender "tailored" conceptions: should the option of embryo gender selection be available to infertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology?Z. O. Merhi & L. Pal - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (8):590-593.
    The purpose of this article is to ascertain and appraise the ethical issues inherent to the utilisation of preimplantation genetic diagnosis for gender selection in infertile patients anticipating undergoing a medically indicated assisted reproductive technique procedure. Performance of preimplantation genetic diagnosis per request specifically for gender selection by an infertile couple undergoing medically indicated assisted reproductive technique may not breach the principles of ethics, and is unlikely to alter the population balance of sexes.
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  22.  71
    The Paradox of Sexual Reproduction and the Levels of Selection: Can Sociobiology Shed a Light?Joachim Dagg - 2012 - Philosophy, Theory, and Practice in Biology 4 (20130604).
    The group selection controversy largely focuses on altruism (e.g., Wilson 1983; Lloyd 2001; Shavit 2004; Okasha 2006, 173ff; Borrello 2010; Leigh 2010; Rosas 2010; Hamilton and Dimond in press). Multilevel selection theory is a resolution of this controversy. Whereas kin selection partitions inclusive fitness into direct and indirect components (via influencing the replication of copies of genes in other individuals), multilevel selection considers within-group and between-group components of fitness (Gardner et al. 2011; Lion et al. 2011). Two scenarios of multilevel (...)
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  23. Reproductive freedom, self-regulation, and the government of impairment in utero.Shelley Tremain - 2006 - Hypatia 21 (1):35-53.
    : This article critically examines the constitution of impairment in prenatal testing and screening practices and various discourses that surround these technologies. While technologies to test and screen prenatally are claimed to enhance women's capacity to be self-determining, make informed reproductive choices, and, in effect, wrest control of their bodies from a patriarchal medical establishment, I contend that this emerging relation between pregnant women and reproductive technologies is a new strategy of a form of power that began to emerge in (...)
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  24. Selection by consequences.B. F. Skinner - 1984 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7 (4):477-481.
    Human behavior is the joint product of (i) contingencies of survival responsible for natural selection, and (ii) contingencies of reinforcement responsible for the repertoires of individuals, including (iii) the special contingencies maintained by an evolved social environment. Selection by consequences is a causal mode found only in living things, or in machines made by living things. It was first recognized in natural selection: Reproduction, a first consequence, led to the evolution of cells, organs, and organisms reproducing themselves under increasingly (...)
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  25.  58
    Reasons and Reproduction: Gene Editing and Genetic Selection.Jeff McMahan & Julian Savulescu - forthcoming - American Journal of Bioethics:1-11.
    The dominant view in bioethics is that embryo selection is in general morally preferable to gene editing because the latter involves risks that are absent in the former. What is less widely appreci...
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  26.  48
    The Prohibition of Sex Selection for Social Reasons in the United Kingdom: Public Opinion Trumps Reproductive Liberty?Peter Herissone-Kelly - 2006 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 15 (3):261-272.
    From 2002 to 2003, the United Kingdom's Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority carried out a review of the available methods of sex selection, the central aims of which were, in the words of the subsequent report.
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  27. 'Healthy' Human Embryos and Reproduction Making Embryos Healthy or Making Healthy Embryos: How Much of a Difference Between Prenatal Treatment and Selection?Adrienne Asch & David Wasserman - 2010 - In Adrienne Asch & David Wasserman (eds.), The 'Healthy' Embryo: Social, Biomedical, Legal and Philosophical Perspectives. pp. 201-18.
  28.  8
    The New Eugenics: Selective Breeding in an Era of Reproductive Technologies.Judith Daar - 2017 - Yale University Press.
    _A provocative examination of how unequal access to reproductive technology replays the sins of the eugenics movement_ Eugenics, the effort to improve the human species by inhibiting reproduction of “inferior” genetic strains, ultimately came to be regarded as the great shame of the Progressive movement. Judith Daar, a prominent expert on the intersection of law and medicine, argues that current attitudes toward the potential users of modern assisted reproductive technologies threaten to replicate eugenics’ same discriminatory practices. In this book, (...)
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  29.  28
    Evolution by means of natural selection without reproduction: revamping Lewontin’s account.François Papale - 2020 - Synthese 198 (11):10429-10455.
    This paper analyzes recent attempts to reject reproduction with lineage formation as a necessary condition for evolution by means of natural selection :560–570, 2008; Stud Hist Philos Sci Part C Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci 42:106–114, 2011; Bourrat in Biol Philos 29:517–538, 2014; Br J Philos Sci 66:883–903, 2015; Charbonneau in Philos Sci 81:727–740, 2014; Doolittle and Inkpen in Proc Natl Acad Sci 115:4006–4014, 2018). Building on the strengths of these attempts and avoiding their pitfalls, it is argued (...)
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  30.  74
    Procreative Altruism: Beyond Individualism in Reproductive Selection.Thomas Douglas & Katrien Devolder - 2013 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 38 (4):400-419.
    Existing debate on procreative selection focuses on the well-being of the future child. However, selection decisions can also have significant effects on the well-being of others. Moreover, these effects may run in opposing directions; some traits conducive to the well-being of the selected child may be harmful to others, whereas other traits that limit the child’s well-being may preserve or increase that of others. Prominent selection principles defended to date instruct parents to select a child, of the possible children they (...)
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  31.  38
    Emergent group traits, reproduction, and levels of selection.Samir Okasha - 2014 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37 (3):268-269.
  32.  34
    The use of reproductive technologies in selecting the sexual orientation, the race, and the sex of children.C. L. Ten - 1998 - Bioethics 12 (1):45–48.
  33.  74
    Reconciling the Disability Critique and Reproductive Liberty: The Case of Negative Genetic Selection.Melinda C. Hall - 2013 - International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics 6 (1):121-143.
    The following is dedicated to promoting a version of the disability critique of negative genetic selection while navigating claims that launching such a critique threatens reproductive liberty or is unavoidably antichoice. I highlight problematic conceptual assumptions regarding genetics and choice made by proponents and opponents of selection alike and bring out the underlying ableist values of the prevailing conversation. Ableism is discrimination against persons on the basis of perceived disability. I conclude that the existing social and institutional milieu surrounding genetic (...)
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  34.  28
    Decolonial Reproductive Justice: Analyzing Reproductive Oppression in India.Sanjula Rajat & Margaret A. McLaren - 2023 - Feminist Formations 35 (2):78-105.
    The reproductive justice framework shifted understandings and analyses of reproductive oppression beyond individual ‘choice’ by incorporating analyses of structural injustice, racism, and social and economic concerns. In this article, we build on understandings of the reproductive justice framework by integrating a postcolonial lens and bring the powerful conceptual tools of postcolonial feminist theory to bear on issues of reproductive oppression in India. We articulate the elements of such a postcolonial lens—the transnational operation of race, Orientalism, the subjective experience of colonialism (...)
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  35. Stocking the Genetic Supermarket: Reproductive Genetic Technologies and Collective Action Problems.Chris Gyngell & Thomas Douglas - 2014 - Bioethics 29 (4):241-250.
    Reproductive genetic technologies allow parents to decide whether their future children will have or lack certain genetic predispositions. A popular model that has been proposed for regulating access to RGTs is the ‘genetic supermarket’. In the genetic supermarket, parents are free to make decisions about which genes to select for their children with little state interference. One possible consequence of the genetic supermarket is that collective action problems will arise: if rational individuals use the genetic supermarket in isolation from one (...)
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  36.  22
    The Reproductive Ecology of Industrial Societies, Part II.Gert Stulp, Rebecca Sear, Susan B. Schaffnit, Melinda C. Mills & Louise Barrett - 2016 - Human Nature 27 (4):445-470.
    Studies of the association between wealth and fertility in industrial populations have a rich history in the evolutionary literature, and they have been used to argue both for and against a behavioral ecological approach to explaining human variability. We consider that there are strong arguments in favor of measuring fertility (and proxies thereof) in industrial populations, not least because of the wide availability of large-scale secondary databases. Such data sources bring challenges as well as advantages, however. The purpose of this (...)
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  37.  32
    Reproductive autonomy: A case study.David Hall & Anton van Niekerk - 2016 - South African Journal of Bioethics and Law 9 (2):61-61.
    Reproductive autonomy has been challenged by the availability of genetic information, disability and the ethics of selective reproduction. Utilitarian and rights-based approaches, as well as procreative beneficence fail to provide compelling reasons for infringing RA, and may even be likened to dangerous eugenics. Parents are not morally obliged to prevent the birth of a disabled child. Society should rather adopt inclusivity, recognising and providing persons with disabilities opportunities for capability and worthwhile lives.
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  38.  28
    Gender “tailored” conceptions: should the option of embryo gender selection be available to infertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology?Zaher O. Merhi & Lubna Pal - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (8):590-593.
    The purpose of this article is to ascertain and appraise the ethical issues inherent to the utilisation of preimplantation genetic diagnosis for gender selection in infertile patients anticipating undergoing a medically indicated assisted reproductive technique procedure. Performance of preimplantation genetic diagnosis per request specifically for gender selection by an infertile couple undergoing medically indicated assisted reproductive technique may not breach the principles of ethics, and is unlikely to alter the population balance of sexes.
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  39.  36
    Synthesizing life history theory with sexual selection: Toward a comprehensive model of alternative reproductive strategies.Jenée James Jackson & Bruce J. Ellis - 2009 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 32 (1):31-32.
    Del Giudice's model of sex-specific attachment patterns demonstrates the usefulness of infusing life history theory with principles of sexual selection. We believe a full synthesis between the two theories provides a foundation for a comprehensive model of alternative reproductive strategies. We extend Del Giudice's ideas based on our own program of research, focusing specifically on the importance of intrasexual competition and the individual phenotype during development.
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  40.  24
    Abo blood groups and completed reproductive performance of rural haryanavi couples: Analysing measures of selection intensities.Krishan Sharma & Rajni Kapoor - 2004 - Journal of Biosocial Science 36 (6):633-646.
    The possible differential effects of ABO blood group materno-paternal (fetal) incompatibility on completed reproductive performance were investigated on a sample of 100 couples (100 fathers and 100 mothers) from three villages in the Jind district of Haryana state, India. The average number of live births per mating couple was slightly higher for the incompatible matings (5·32) than the compatible ones (5·05). This advantage was offset by higher postnatal mortality in the former. Consequently, the average number of living children in the (...)
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  41. Reproductive technology: A critical analysis of theological responses in christianity and Islam.Mohd Shuhaimi Bin Ishak & Sayed Sikandar Shah Haneef - 2014 - Zygon 49 (2):396-413.
    Reproductive medical technology has revolutionized the natural order of human procreation. Accordingly, some have celebrated its advent as a new and liberating determinant of kinship at the global level and advocate it as a right to reproductive health while others have frowned upon it as a vehicle for “guiltless exchange of sexual fluid” and commodification of human gametes. Religious voices from both Christianity and Islam range from unthinking adoption to restrictive use. While utilizing this technology to enable the married couple (...)
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  42.  32
    Reconciling the disability critique and reproductive liberty: The case of negative genetic selection.Melinda C. Hall - 2013 - International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics 6 (1):121-143.
    The disability critique of negative genetic selection is frequently accused of threatening reproductive liberty. This paper describes the disability critique and defends it against that objection. It also contends that the critique can work to deflate belief in genetic determinism. Recognizing the influence of genetic determinism helps advocate for existing persons in the disability community and protects reproductive liberty. The disability critique can point to genetic determinism but does not suggest a ban or obstacles to the choice of negative genetic (...)
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  43.  54
    Assisted Reproduction and Distributive Justice.Vida Panitch - 2013 - Bioethics 29 (2):108-117.
    The Canadian province of Quebec recently amended its Health Insurance Act to cover the costs of In Vitro Fertilization . The province of Ontario recently de-insured IVF. Both provinces cited cost-effectiveness as their grounds, but the question as to whether a public health insurance system ought to cover IVF raises the deeper question of how we should understand reproduction at the social level, and whether its costs should be a matter of individual or collective responsibility. In this article I (...)
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  44.  75
    Reproduction and the central project of evolutionary theory.Evelyn Fox Keller - 1987 - Biology and Philosophy 2 (4):383-396.
    In much of the discourse of evolutionary theory, reproduction is treated as an autonomous function of the individual organism — even in discussions of sexually reproducing organisms. In this paper, I examine some of the functions and consequences of such manifestly peculiar language. In particular, I suggest that it provides crucial support for the central project of evolutionary theory — namely that of locating causal efficacy in intrinsic properties of the individual organism. Furthermore, I argue that the language of (...)
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  45.  87
    The evolution of premature reproductive senescence and menopause in human females.Kim Hill & A. Magdalena Hurtado - 1991 - Human Nature 2 (4):313-350.
    Reproductive senescence in human females takes place long before other body functions senesce. This fact presents an evolutionary dilemma since continued reproduction should generally be favored by natural selection. Two commonly proposed hypotheses to account for human menopause are (a) a recent increase in the human lifespan and (b) a switch to investment in close kin rather than direct reproduction. No support is found for the proposition that human lifespans have only recently increased. Data from Ache hunter-gatherers are (...)
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  46. Futures of Reproduction: Bioethics and Biopolitics.Catherine Mills - 2011 - Springer.
    Issues in reproductive ethics, such as the capacity of parents to ‘choose children’, present challenges to philosophical ideas of freedom, responsibility and harm. This book responds to these challenges by proposing a new framework for thinking about the ethics of reproduction that emphasizes the ways that social norms affect decisions about who is born. The book provides clear and thorough discussions of some of the dominant problems in reproductive ethics - human enhancement and the notion of the normal, reproductive (...)
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  47.  18
    Selection: Information and replication of the operant.Ralph Spiga - 2001 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24 (3):556-557.
    Selection as a mode of causation is central to operant psychology. Response variation and selection by consequences corresponds to phenotypic variation, to differential survivability, and to reproduction of variants. In natural selection, genes code for phylogenic history but no analogous processes exists for coding behavioral history. Neuroscience suggests potential processes but the conceptual status of these events requires clarification.
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  48. Natural selection through survival alone, and the possibility of Gaia.W. Ford Doolittle - 2014 - Biology and Philosophy 29 (3):415-423.
    Here I advance two related evolutionary propositions. (1) Natural selection is most often considered to require competition between reproducing “individuals”, sometimes quite broadly conceived, as in cases of clonal, species or multispecies-community selection. But differential survival of non-competing and non-reproducing individuals will also result in increasing frequencies of survival-promoting “adaptations” among survivors, and thus is also a kind of natural selection. (2) Darwinists have challenged the view that the Earth’s biosphere is an evolved global homeostatic system. Since there is only (...)
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  49.  3
    Reproductive choice.Rebecca Bennett & John Harris - 2007 - In Rosamond Rhodes, Leslie Francis & Anita Silvers (eds.), The Blackwell Guide to Medical Ethics. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 201–219.
    The prelims comprise: Reproductive Choice and Reproductive Autonomy The Limits of Reproductive Autonomy The Right to Reproduce? Who Should Be Provided with Assistance to Reproduce? Reproductive Choices in Pregnancy Future Reproductive Choices Conclusions Notes References.
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  50.  30
    Reproductive medicine and the concept of 'quality'.Ayo Wahlberg - 2008 - Clinical Ethics 3 (4):189-193.
    Selection in reproductive medicine today relies on normative assessments of what ‘good life’ consists of. This paper explores the terms under which such assessments are made by focusing on three particular concepts of ‘quality’: quality of life, biological quality and population quality. It is suggested that the apparently conflicting hypes, hopes and fears that surround reproductive medicine can co-circulate because of the different forms of normative assessment that these concepts allow. To ensure clarity in bioethical deliberations about selection, it is (...)
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