Results for 'Claes Gustafsson'

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  1. Moralization as a link between idealism and naturalism in the ethical discourse.Claes Gustafsson - 1994 - In Alan Lewis & Karl Erik Wärneryd (eds.), Ethics and economic affairs. New York: Routledge. pp. 115.
     
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  2.  28
    The production of seriousness: the metaphysics of economic reason.Claes Gustafsson - 2012 - New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    This bookis about the roots of managerial rationality. A theoretical base, founded on the concept of 'memetics' is developed in order to explain human thinking and human reason as products of cultural evolution. Cultural change and development are explained by simple, value-driven memetic mechanisms like 'ritualization' and 'extremization'.
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  3.  98
    Freedom of Choice and Expected Compromise.Johan E. Gustafsson - 2010 - Social Choice and Welfare 35 (1):65-79.
    This article develops a new measure of freedom of choice based on the proposal that a set offers more freedom of choice than another if, and only if, the expected degree of dissimilarity between a random alternative from the set of possible alternatives and the most similar offered alternative in the set is smaller. Furthermore, a version of this measure is developed, which is able to take into account the values of the possible options.
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  4.  77
    Preference and Choice.Johan E. Gustafsson - 2011 - Dissertation, Royal Institute of Technology
  5.  86
    Ex-Ante Pareto and the Opaque-Identity Puzzle.Johan E. Gustafsson & Kacper Kowalczyk - forthcoming - Journal of Philosophy.
    Anna Mahtani describes a puzzle meant to show that the Ex-Ante Pareto Principle is incomplete as it stands and, since it cannot be completed in a satisfactory manner, decades of debate in welfare economics and ethics are undermined. In this paper, we provide a better solution to the puzzle which saves the Ex-Ante Pareto Principle from this challenge. We also explain how the plausibility of our solution is reinforced by its similarity to a standard solution to an analogous puzzle in (...)
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  6.  68
    Inverse ontomimetic simulation: A window on complex systems.Claes Andersson - unknown
    The present paper introduces "ontomimetic simulation" and argues that this class of models has enabled the investigation of hypotheses about complex systems in new ways that have epistemological relevance. Ontomimetic simulation can be differentiated from other types of modeling by its reliance on causal similarity in addition to representation. Phenomena are modeled not directly but via mimesis of the ontology (i.e. the "underlying physics", microlevel etc.) of systems and a subsequent animation of the resulting model ontology as a dynamical system. (...)
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  7.  25
    Neuromonitoring for awareness during surgery.Claes Lennmarken & Rolf Sandin - 2004 - Lancet 363 (9423).
  8.  4
    Rechtswissenschaft als juristische Doktrin: ein rechtshistorisches Seminar in Stockholm, 29. bis 30. Mai 2009.Claes Peterson (ed.) - 2011 - Stockholm: Institutet för rättshistorisk forskning.
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  9.  12
    Ethical, Legal, and Political Problems Affecting Epidemiology in European Countries.Claes-Göran Westrin - 1993 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 15 (3):6.
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  10. A Computer Simulation of the Argument from Disagreement.Johan E. Gustafsson & Martin Peterson - 2012 - Synthese 184 (3):387-405.
    In this paper we shed new light on the Argument from Disagreement by putting it to test in a computer simulation. According to this argument widespread and persistent disagreement on ethical issues indicates that our moral opinions are not influenced by any moral facts, either because no such facts exist or because they are epistemically inaccessible or inefficacious for some other reason. Our simulation shows that if our moral opinions were influenced at least a little bit by moral facts, we (...)
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  11.  42
    Toward a Macroevolutionary Theory of Human Evolution: The Social Protocell.Claes Andersson & Petter Törnberg - 2019 - Biological Theory 14 (2):86-102.
    Despite remarkable empirical and methodological advances, our theoretical understanding of the evolutionary processes that made us human remains fragmented and contentious. Here, we make the radical proposition that the cultural communities within which Homo emerged may be understood as a novel exotic form of organism. The argument begins from a deep congruence between robust features of Pan community life cycles and protocell models of the origins of life. We argue that if a cultural tradition, meeting certain requirements, arises in the (...)
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  12.  16
    Toward a Macroevolutionary Theory of Human Evolution: The Social Protocell.Claes Andersson & Petter Törnberg - 2019 - Biological Theory 14 (2):86-102.
    Despite remarkable empirical and methodological advances, our theoretical understanding of the evolutionary processes that made us human remains fragmented and contentious. Here, we make the radical proposition that the cultural communities within which Homo emerged may be understood as a novel exotic form of organism. The argument begins from a deep congruence between robust features of Pan community life cycles and protocell models of the origins of life. We argue that if a cultural tradition, meeting certain requirements, arises in the (...)
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  13.  72
    Systematic Meaning and Linguistic Diversity: The Place of Meaning-Theories in Davidson's Later Philosophy.Martin Gustafsson - 1998 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 41 (4):435-453.
    In 'A Nice Derangement of Epitaphs' Donald Davidson attacks a picture of language which, he says, is prevalent among philosophers and linguists. Davidson's criticism, even if correct, is not radical enough. The common irregularities of everyday language, such as malapropisms, nicknames, and slips of the tongue, not only imply that linguistic meanings are not governed by conventions that are learned in advance of occasions of interpretation, but undermine the very idea that linguistic meaning can be accounted for in terms of (...)
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  14.  11
    Art from death originated.Claes Entzenberg - 2013 - Stockholm: Art and Theory Publishing.
    Every artwork is the first and last of its kind. Nothing happens the same way twice. But if this is the case, then what limits can we impose on our understanding of the historical development of art? The poles in our conceptual schema of the development of art are analogous to human life, which is placed between two poles of non-existence. This schema is used in our understanding of art, interpretation, and metaphor. Being a complex part in the intersection between (...)
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  15.  3
    Ethics and the philosophy of culture: Wittgensteinian approaches.Ylva Gustafsson, Camilla Kronqvist & Hannes Nykänen (eds.) - 2013 - Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Press.
    Questions of ethics and the study of culture are tightly interwoven. Are we to see ethics as one thread in the fabric created by human culture or does ethics rather transcend culture? The discussions in this volume take place within this spectrum. Eleven Wittgenstein scholars explore how ethics is embedded in everyday activities and speech. The topics dealt with range from the ways we speak about human practices and nature, religious belief, gender, and moral understanding to questions about Wittgensteinâ (TM)s (...)
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  16.  26
    Emotions and understanding: Wittgensteinian perspectives.Ylva Gustafsson, Camilla Kronqvist & Michael McEachrane (eds.) - 2009 - New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    This unique collection of articles on emotion by Wittgensteinian philosophers provides a fresh perspective on the questions framing the current philosophical and scientific debates about emotions and offers significant insights into the role of emotions for understanding interpersonal relations and the relation between emotion and ethics.
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  17.  3
    Estetik i förvandling: estetik och litteraturhistoria i Uppsala från P.D.A. Atterbom till B.E. Malmström.Lars Gustafsson - 1986 - Stockholm, Sweden: Almqvist & Wiksell International.
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  18. Remnants of Palestine, or, archaeology after Auschwitz.Henrik Gustafsson - 2014 - In Henrik Gustafsson & Asbjørn Grønstad (eds.), Cinema and Agamben: ethics, biopolitics and the moving image. New York: Bloomsbury Academic.
     
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  19.  8
    The Practice of Language.M. Gustafsson & L. Hertzberg - 2002 - Springer Verlag.
    This book shows that philosophers and linguists of quite different brands have tended to give undue priority to their own favorite theoretical framework, and have presupposed that the descriptive scheme invoked by that framework constitutes a pattern to which any linguistic practice somehow has to conform. United by a critical attitude towards such essentialist aspirations, the authors collectively manage to cast doubt on the very attempt to fit the whole of linguistic practice into a general theoretical mould.
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  20. Data Transfer, Values and the Holding Together of Clinical Registry Networks.Claes-Fredrik Helgesson & Linus Johansson Krafve - 2015 - In Isabelle Dussauge, Claes-Fredrik Helgesson & Francis Lee (eds.), Value practices in the life sciences and medicine. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
     
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  21.  12
    Beyond manifestos: Exploring how political campaigns use online advertisements to communicate policy information and pledges.Claes de Vreese & Tom Dobber - 2022 - Big Data and Society 9 (1).
    Social media platforms take on increasingly big roles in political advertising. Microtargeting techniques facilitate the display of tailored advertisements to specific subsegments of society. Scholars worry that such techniques might cause political information to be displayed to only very small subgroups of citizens. Or that targeted communication about policy could make the mandate of elected representatives more challenging to interpret. Policy information in general and pledges, in particular, have received much scientific scrutiny. Scholars have focused largely on party manifestos, but (...)
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  22. Second Thoughts about My Favourite Theory.Johan E. Gustafsson - 2022 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 103 (3):448-470.
    A straightforward way to handle moral uncertainty is simply to follow the moral theory in which you have most credence. This approach is known as My Favourite Theory. In this paper, I argue that, in some cases, My Favourite Theory prescribes choices that are, sequentially, worse in expected moral value than the opposite choices according to each moral theory you have any credence in. In addition this, problem generalizes to other approaches that avoid intertheoretic comparisons of value, such as My (...)
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  23. Reasoning processes in propositional logic.Claes Strannegård, Simon Ulfsbäcker, David Hedqvist & Tommy Gärling - 2010 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 19 (3):283-314.
    We conducted a computer-based psychological experiment in which a random mix of 40 tautologies and 40 non-tautologies were presented to the participants, who were asked to determine which ones of the formulas were tautologies. The participants were eight university students in computer science who had received tuition in propositional logic. The formulas appeared one by one, a time-limit of 45 s applied to each formula and no aids were allowed. For each formula we recorded the proportion of the participants who (...)
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  24.  10
    A proof system for modeling reasoning processes in propositional logic.Claes Strannegård - 2006 - Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 12 (5).
  25.  91
    A Simpler, More Compelling Money Pump with Foresight.Johan E. Gustafsson & Wlodek Rabinowicz - 2020 - Journal of Philosophy 117 (10):578-589.
    One might think that money pumps directed at agents with cyclic preferences can be avoided by foresight. This view was challenged two decades ago by the discovery of a money pump with foresight, which works against agents who use backward induction. But backward induction implausibly assumes that the agent would act rationally and retain her trust in her future rationality even at choice nodes that could only be reached if she were to act irrationally. This worry does not apply to (...)
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  26. Non-branching personal persistence.Johan E. Gustafsson - 2019 - Philosophical Studies 176 (9):2307-2329.
    Given reductionism about people, personal persistence must fundamentally consist in some kind of impersonal continuity relation. Typically, these continuity relations can hold from one to many. And, if they can, the analysis of personal persistence must include a non-branching clause to avoid non-transitive identities or multiple occupancy. It is far from obvious, however, what form this clause should take. This paper argues that previous accounts are inadequate and develops a new proposal.
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  27. Sophisticated selectionism as a general theory of knowledge.Claes Andersson - 2008 - Biology and Philosophy 23 (2):229-242.
    Human knowledge is a phenomenon whose roots extend from the cultural, through the neural and the biological and finally all the way down into the Precambrian “primordial soup.” The present paper reports an attempt at understanding this Greater System of Knowledge (GSK) as a hierarchical nested set of selection processes acting concurrently on several different scales of time and space. To this end, a general selection theory extending mainly from the work of Hull and Campbell is introduced. The perhaps most (...)
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  28. A Paradox for the Intrinsic Value of Freedom of Choice.Johan E. Gustafsson - 2020 - Noûs 54 (4):891-913.
    A standard liberal claim is that freedom of choice is not only instrumentally valuable but also intrinsically valuable, that is, valuable for its own sake. I argue that each one of five conditions is plausible if freedom of choice is intrinsically valuable. Yet there exists a counter-example to the conjunction of these conditions. Hence freedom of choice is not intrinsically valuable.
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  29.  3
    Homo sapiens of homo paradoxalis?Jacques Claes - 1996 - Leuven: Davidsfonds.
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  30. Perspectives on Aesthetics, Art and Culture.Claes Entzenberg & S. Säätela (eds.) - 2005 - Stockholm: Thales.
    Essays in Honour of Lars-Olof Åhlberg 25 Essays, Aesthetics.
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  31. Engaging Kripke with Wittgenstein: The Standard Meter, Contingent Apriori, and Beyond.Martin Gustafsson, Oskari Kuusela & Jakub Mácha (eds.) - 2023 - New York: Routledge.
    This volume draws connections between Wittgenstein's philosophy and the work of Saul Kripke, especially his Naming and Necessity. Saul Kripke is regarded as one of the foremost representatives of contemporary analytic philosophy. His most important contributions include the strict distinction between metaphysical and epistemological questions, the introduction of the notions of contingent a priori truth and necessary a posteriori truth and original accounts of names, descriptions, identity, necessity and realism. The chapters in this book elucidate the relevant connections between Kripke's (...)
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  32. The illusion of intransitive measurement : Diamond, Kripke, and Wittgenstein on the standard meter.Martin Gustafsson - 2023 - In Martin Gustafsson, Oskari Kuusela & Jakub Mácha (eds.), Engaging Kripke with Wittgenstein: The Standard Meter, Contingent Apriori, and Beyond. New York: Routledge.
     
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  33.  5
    A More Complete Realism: Grand Strategy in a New Key.Claes G. Ryn - 2022 - Humanitas: Interdisciplinary journal (National Humanities Institute) 35 (1-2):7-27.
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  34.  31
    Epistulae.Claes G. Ryn - 2008 - Humanitas: Interdisciplinary journal (National Humanities Institute) 21:1-2.
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  35.  17
    Imaginative Origins of Modernity: Life as Daydream and Nightmare.Claes G. Ryn - 1997 - Humanitas 10 (2):42.
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  36.  5
    Universality and History: The Concrete as Normative.Claes G. Ryn - 1993 - Humanitas: Interdisciplinary journal (National Humanities Institute) 6 (1):10-39.
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  37. Utilitarianism without Moral Aggregation.Johan E. Gustafsson - 2021 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 51 (4):256-269.
    Is an outcome where many people are saved and one person dies better than an outcome where the one is saved and the many die? According to the standard utilitarian justification, the former is better because it has a greater sum total of well-being. This justification involves a controversial form of moral aggregation, because it is based on a comparison between aggregates of different people's well-being. Still, an alternative justification—the Argument for Best Outcomes—does not involve moral aggregation. I extend the (...)
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  38.  8
    Styles of Valuation: Algorithms and Agency in High-throughput Bioscience.Claes-Fredrik Helgesson & Francis Lee - 2020 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 45 (4):659-685.
    In science and technology studies today, there is a troubling tendency to portray actors in the biosciences as “cultural dopes” and technology as having monolithic qualities with predetermined outcomes. To remedy this analytical impasse, this article introduces the concept styles of valuation to analyze how actors struggle with valuing technology in practice. Empirically, this article examines how actors in a bioscientific laboratory struggle with valuing the properties and qualities of algorithms in a high-throughput setting and identifies the copresence of several (...)
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  39. Ex-Ante Prioritarianism Violates Sequential Ex-Ante Pareto.Johan E. Gustafsson - 2022 - Utilitas 34 (2):167-177.
    Prioritarianism is a variant of utilitarianism. It differs from utilitarianism in that benefiting individuals matters more the worse off these individuals are. On this view, there are two standard ways of handling risky prospects: Ex-Post Prioritarianism adjusts for prioritizing the worse off in final outcomes and then values prospects by the expectation of the sum total of those adjusted values, whereas Ex-Ante Prioritarianism adjusts for prioritizing the worse off on each individual's expectation and then values prospects by the sum total (...)
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  40.  49
    The Sequential Dominance Argument for the Independence Axiom of Expected Utility Theory.Johan E. Gustafsson - 2020 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 103 (1):21-39.
    Independence is the condition that, if X is preferred to Y, then a lottery between X and Z is preferred to a lottery between Y and Z given the same probability of Z. Is it rationally required that one’s preferences conform to Independence? The main objection to this requirement is that it would rule out the alleged rationality of Allais and Ellsberg Preferences. In this paper, I put forward a sequential dominance argument with fairly weak assumptions for a variant of (...)
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  41.  4
    Georg Simmel: moraalfilosoof van de moderniteit.Tom Claes - 1998 - Assen: Van Gorcum.
    Studie over de moraalfilosofie van een van de grondleggers van de sociologie (1858-1918).
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  42.  20
    Dimensions of Power: The Transformation of Liberalism and the Limits of 'Politics'.Claes G. Ryn - 2000 - Humanitas 13 (2):4-27.
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  43.  16
    History as synthesis.Claes G. Ryn - 2000 - Humanitas 13 (1):89-102.
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  44.  2
    Irving Babbitt and the Christians.Claes G. Ryn - 1990 - Humanitas: Interdisciplinary journal (National Humanities Institute) 4 (1):5-7.
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  45.  2
    Power Without Limits.Claes G. Ryn - 2013 - Humanitas: Interdisciplinary journal (National Humanities Institute) 26 (1-2):5-27.
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  46.  8
    "Saving the West": The New Jacobins.Claes G. Ryn - 1991 - Humanitas: Interdisciplinary journal (National Humanities Institute) 5 (2):1-8.
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  47. Will, Imagination and Reason. Babbitt, Croce and the Problem of Reality, 2e éd.Claes G. Ryn & Édouard Morot-sir - 1999 - Revue Philosophique de la France Et de l'Etranger 189 (3):413-414.
     
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  48. Bentham’s Mugging.Johan E. Gustafsson - 2022 - Utilitas 34 (4):386-391.
  49.  58
    Infants' emerging ability to represent occluded object motion.Kerstin Rosander & Claes von Hofsten - 2004 - Cognition 91 (1):1-22.
  50. Skill, Drill, and Intelligent Performance: Ryle and Intellectualism.Stina Bäckström & Martin Gustafsson - 2017 - Journal for the History of Analytical Philosophy 5 (5).
    In this paper, we aim to show that a study of Gilbert Ryle’s work has much to contribute to the current debate between intellectualism and anti-intellectualism with respect to skill and know-how. According to Ryle, knowing how and skill are distinctive from and do not reduce to knowing that. What is often overlooked is that for Ryle this point is connected to the idea that the distinction between skill and mere habit is a category distinction, or a distinction in form. (...)
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